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題名 美中貿易衝突之研究-以新古典現實主義角度分析
A research on U.S.-China trade war: analysis from the perspective of neoclassical realism作者 衛舡宏
Wei, Kang-Hung貢獻者 邱坤玄
衛舡宏
Wei, Kang-Hung關鍵詞 美中貿易戰
人工智慧
第五代行動通訊技術
U.S.-China trade war
AI
5G日期 2020 摘要 2017年12月18日，美總統川普發布上任後首份《國家安全戰略報告》，直指中國挑戰美國的國力、影響力及與國家利益，並以美國經濟安全出發，訴說美國的經濟繁榮是國家安全的一環，亦特別強調美國現在的經濟發展，正面臨中國與其他國家對渠不公平及不自由的經貿政策傷害與挑戰。有鑑於此，美國將不再容忍其他國家違反自由貿易的規則、欺騙及經濟侵略的作為，並指出中國企圖削弱侵蝕美國的安全與繁榮，美國應該採取所有適當手段以反制他國不公平貿易做為等具體措施。自2018年3月起，美國首先公布對中國301貿易調查結果，認為中國以限制外貿持股比例強迫美商技術轉移、以非市場價格要求美商技術授權、政策性支持陸企在美投資以獲取尖端技術等，於是川普簽署備忘錄指示貿易代表署（USTR）對中國不公平貿易行為採取關稅制裁。隨後，伴隨著中國的反擊，美中貿易衝突展開序幕。 美中貿易戰的背景成因在於美國認為中國正在人工智慧（AI）及第五代行動通訊技術（5G）等領域趕超越美國，且雙方在體制上存在本質基礎差異等因素，憂心崛起之中國將在國際政治與經濟地位上領先美國，故藉由執行限制高科技產品及技術外流中國、抵制陸企華為並持續施壓歐洲等國禁用華為等舉措，期遏阻中國發展相關高階技術，過程中亦有雙方領導人個性與策略施行等各項舉措之影響。本文蒐集、彙整自2018年起美中貿易衝突之起因、過程及後續影響，觀察美中雙方在貿易戰談談打打的過程中，雙方態度似乎轉趨強硬，不僅美中在經貿關係由以往相互依賴有走向脫鉤分化的傾向，戰略競逐層面亦帶往科技、軍事、外交與文化等領域，基此，筆者以新古典現實主義角度為出發，在美中貿易戰之際，透過美中兩國領導人在外交政策下達、戰略方針調整以及國際體系結構演變等情況下，提供不一樣的新視角。
On December 18, 2017, the White House released the first National Security Strategy in President Trump’s term, arguing that China has challenged America’s power, influence, and national interests. Pointing out that a strong economy is crucial to America’s national security from the perspective of economic security, the document also accused China and other countries of weakening America’s economy by unfair trade practices and announced that America would no longer tolerate other countries’ violations of free trade rules, cheating, or economic aggression. Furthermore, as China attempts to undermine America’s security and prosperity, the US should take all appropriate measures to counter unfair trade practices, suggested the report. On March of 2018, the US published the result of section 301 investigation of China’s acts, accusing China of forcing American companies to transfer their technology through foreign ownership restrictions, demanding them to authorize their technology for a price below the current market value, and introducing policies that support Chinese enterprises’ investment in the US to obtain cutting-edge technologies. In response to China’s unfair trade practices, President Trump directed the USTR to impose tariff sanctions on China, which soon retaliated and initiated the trade dispute hence. The Sino-US trade war originated from the Trump administration’s belief that China attempts to surpass America in the development of artificial intelligence and 5G technology; the fundamental difference in ideology between the US and China is another cause. Worrying that the rising China will replace America as the global political and economic leader, the White House has limited the export of high-tech products and technology to China, banning Huawei, and pressuring European countries to follow suit, aiming curb China’s development of high-end technology; those approaches were influenced by Chinese and American leaders’ personalities and strategies as well. This thesis collects and summarizes the cause, process, and subsequent effects of the Sino-US trade dispute that began in 2018. As the two sides turned hardline on trade issues during the negotiation, the economic interdependence between the United States and China has declined, and the scope of strategic competition has spilled over technology, military, diplomatic, and cultural aspects. This thesis analyzes the evolution of American and Chinese leaders’ foreign policies and strategic guidelines and the restructuring of the international system to provide a new angle for analyzing the US-China trade dispute.描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班
107922010資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107922010 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 邱坤玄 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 衛舡宏 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wei, Kang-Hung en_US dc.creator (作者) 衛舡宏 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Wei, Kang-Hung en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0107922010 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131876 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 外交學系戰略與國際事務碩士在職專班 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 107922010 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 2017年12月18日，美總統川普發布上任後首份《國家安全戰略報告》，直指中國挑戰美國的國力、影響力及與國家利益，並以美國經濟安全出發，訴說美國的經濟繁榮是國家安全的一環，亦特別強調美國現在的經濟發展，正面臨中國與其他國家對渠不公平及不自由的經貿政策傷害與挑戰。有鑑於此，美國將不再容忍其他國家違反自由貿易的規則、欺騙及經濟侵略的作為，並指出中國企圖削弱侵蝕美國的安全與繁榮，美國應該採取所有適當手段以反制他國不公平貿易做為等具體措施。自2018年3月起，美國首先公布對中國301貿易調查結果，認為中國以限制外貿持股比例強迫美商技術轉移、以非市場價格要求美商技術授權、政策性支持陸企在美投資以獲取尖端技術等，於是川普簽署備忘錄指示貿易代表署（USTR）對中國不公平貿易行為採取關稅制裁。隨後，伴隨著中國的反擊，美中貿易衝突展開序幕。 美中貿易戰的背景成因在於美國認為中國正在人工智慧（AI）及第五代行動通訊技術（5G）等領域趕超越美國，且雙方在體制上存在本質基礎差異等因素，憂心崛起之中國將在國際政治與經濟地位上領先美國，故藉由執行限制高科技產品及技術外流中國、抵制陸企華為並持續施壓歐洲等國禁用華為等舉措，期遏阻中國發展相關高階技術，過程中亦有雙方領導人個性與策略施行等各項舉措之影響。本文蒐集、彙整自2018年起美中貿易衝突之起因、過程及後續影響，觀察美中雙方在貿易戰談談打打的過程中，雙方態度似乎轉趨強硬，不僅美中在經貿關係由以往相互依賴有走向脫鉤分化的傾向，戰略競逐層面亦帶往科技、軍事、外交與文化等領域，基此，筆者以新古典現實主義角度為出發，在美中貿易戰之際，透過美中兩國領導人在外交政策下達、戰略方針調整以及國際體系結構演變等情況下，提供不一樣的新視角。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) On December 18, 2017, the White House released the first National Security Strategy in President Trump’s term, arguing that China has challenged America’s power, influence, and national interests. Pointing out that a strong economy is crucial to America’s national security from the perspective of economic security, the document also accused China and other countries of weakening America’s economy by unfair trade practices and announced that America would no longer tolerate other countries’ violations of free trade rules, cheating, or economic aggression. Furthermore, as China attempts to undermine America’s security and prosperity, the US should take all appropriate measures to counter unfair trade practices, suggested the report. On March of 2018, the US published the result of section 301 investigation of China’s acts, accusing China of forcing American companies to transfer their technology through foreign ownership restrictions, demanding them to authorize their technology for a price below the current market value, and introducing policies that support Chinese enterprises’ investment in the US to obtain cutting-edge technologies. In response to China’s unfair trade practices, President Trump directed the USTR to impose tariff sanctions on China, which soon retaliated and initiated the trade dispute hence. The Sino-US trade war originated from the Trump administration’s belief that China attempts to surpass America in the development of artificial intelligence and 5G technology; the fundamental difference in ideology between the US and China is another cause. Worrying that the rising China will replace America as the global political and economic leader, the White House has limited the export of high-tech products and technology to China, banning Huawei, and pressuring European countries to follow suit, aiming curb China’s development of high-end technology; those approaches were influenced by Chinese and American leaders’ personalities and strategies as well. This thesis collects and summarizes the cause, process, and subsequent effects of the Sino-US trade dispute that began in 2018. As the two sides turned hardline on trade issues during the negotiation, the economic interdependence between the United States and China has declined, and the scope of strategic competition has spilled over technology, military, diplomatic, and cultural aspects. This thesis analyzes the evolution of American and Chinese leaders’ foreign policies and strategic guidelines and the restructuring of the international system to provide a new angle for analyzing the US-China trade dispute. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 文獻檢閱與回顧 5 第三節 研究途徑與方法 16 第四節 研究範圍與限制 18 第二章 美日貿易戰對美中貿易衝突的啟示 21 第一節 美日貿易衝突的發展與過程 21 第二節 美中貿易衝突的發展與過程 27 第三節 美中在貿易衝突之間的齟齬 36 第四節 小結 44 第三章 美中在貿易衝突期間之外交政策分析 47 第一節 美國在貿易衝突期間之外交政策分析 49 第二節 中國在貿易衝突期間之外交政策分析 58 第三節 美中貿易衝突期間外交政策綜合比較 65 第四節 小結 74 第四章 貿易衝突對美中兩國影響與結果評估 77 第一節 貿易衝突對美國之影響與結果評估 78 第二節 貿易衝突對中國之影響與結果評估 93 第三節 貿易衝突對美中兩國影響綜合評估 105 第四節 小結 117 第五章 結論 119 第一節 研究發現 120 第二節 研究建議 122 參考資料 125 附錄 175 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107922010 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美中貿易戰 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人工智慧 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第五代行動通訊技術 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) U.S.-China trade war en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) AI en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 5G en_US dc.title (題名) 美中貿易衝突之研究-以新古典現實主義角度分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A research on U.S.-China trade war: analysis from the perspective of neoclassical realism en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis -
