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題名 自媒體環境中之中文教學實踐與學習自主性表現:一個民族誌研究
Chinese Teaching and Learner Autonomy on WeMedia: An Ethnographic Study作者 方瑾
Fang, Chin貢獻者 招靜琪
Chao, Chin-Chi
方瑾
Fang, Chin關鍵詞 華語教學
學習自主性
後教學法
自媒體中文教學
民族誌
TCSL
Learner autonomy
Post method pedagogy
Chinese language teaching on We Media
Ethnography日期 2021 上傳時間 1-Feb-2021 14:08:03 (UTC+8) 摘要 透過播客、YouTube影片或是微博(WeBlog)等「自媒體」(We Media, Bowman, S., & Willis, C., 2003)進行中文教學,與傳統課室環境中的中文教學大有不同,除了教學媒介工具的差異外,更包括了其中活動的人們對於教與學均抱持著不同於以往的態度,教與學雙方的角色與責任皆因場域的改變而需重新定位。在課堂之外,面對學習者從個人到語言學習上的全面自主,自媒體中文教學者如何依據其教學平台特性持續促進學習者的語言學習?而學習者表現出的學習自主性呈現何種樣貌?在中文教學自媒體上教與學雙方如何互動,又有何得失?本研究藉民族誌研究方法,以敘事資料形式記錄了作者以資深華語教師身份與知名中文教學YouTuber團隊合作三年,於自媒體中文學習平台「伯樂」(化名)上的教學互動經驗。田野調查過程中所獲取的其他研究資料來源包括:與關鍵訊息提供者,即中文教學YouTuber團隊的兩位主要成員的日常談話、合作過程及半結構式訪談。另有五位自願接受訪談的學習者提供其經歷與看法。為深入探究自媒體環境下的教學與學習自主性,本研究援引學習自主性研究大家班森(Benson,2001)及後教學法之集大成者庫瑪(Kumaravadivelu,2003)的理論架構,就上述田野調查資料進行解構、解釋和重構。研究發現,在教學者一端,透過品牌的建立、團隊合作與教學者形象的塑造,在充滿商業娛樂氣息的自媒體平台上,教學導向之影音學習素材仍可獲得觀眾青睞,並以後教學法框架加以理論化;而學習者端的學習自主性則因為能在完全自主與部分自主之間挪移而得到更完整的呈現,在選擇學習資源時,更多從消費習慣及個人好惡出發,對學習內容有更高的掌控度之餘,也呈現一種疏離感,欠缺同儕及師生互動。最後,自媒體上的語言教學與課室同樣,也受到社會性因素,如法規,以及政治性因素,如媒體社群文化之干擾,教學者的期望與學習者的反饋之間亦存在落差。值此數位學習方興未艾之際,相信本研究對未來包括華語師資培育在內的相關研究與教學實踐亦提供了些許建議與啟示。
Teaching and learning Chinese through “We Media” platforms such as podcasts, YouTube videos, or WeBlog (Bowman, S., & Willis, C., 2003), is not like teaching and learning in conventional classrooms. Not only is the mediation different, but peoples’ attitudes toward such “learning environments” is also distinct. Both students and teachers gain a high degree of autonomy in this learning environment while also freeing themselves from the traditional roles of learners and educators. How can learners’ autonomy (Benson, 2001) be stimulated and performed in an on-line Chinese learning platform? What are the benefits and downsides for learners who have full learner autonomy when using on-line learning sources? How do online learners interact with Chinese language teaching YouTubers?This study adopts ethnographic methods to capture (in a form of narrative data) the author’s three-year experience working side-by-side with two Chinese language teaching YouTubers and five online Chinese language learners who utilized We Media teaching platforms. Drawing on Benson (2001) and Kumaravadivelu (2003), this study deconstructs, interprets, and reconstructs the narrative data in order to derive assertions as to how learner autonomy performs in an on-line learning environment. Three assertions are proposed, firstly, a Chinese-teaching YouTuber is considered to be an internet celebrity rather than an educator; secondly, online learner autonomy can sometimes be better satisfied through choosing a more structured teaching framework rather than the largely self-directed learning strategies of many We Media platforms; and thirdly, autonomous learning online can still be impacted by the same “political and social” factors present in physical classrooms such as local censorship and copyright laws. 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Theorizing language teacher identity: Three perspectives and beyond. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 4, 21–44.van Lier, L. (2004). The Ecology and Semiotics of Language Learning. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Wall, S. (2006). An autoethnography on learning about autoethnography. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(2), 146-160.Weller, Martin. (2010). Big and little OER. In: OpenED2010: Seventh Annual Open Education Conference, 2-4 Nov 2010, Barcelona, Spain.The Best Video Length for Different Videos on YouTube. (March 11th 2014), Retrieved 2017, from MiniMatters: https://www.minimatters.com/youtube-best-video-length/Fishman, Ezra. (July 5th 2016), How Long Should Your Next Video Be? Retrieved 2017, from: https://wistia.com/learn/marketing/optimal-video-length 描述 博士
國立政治大學
華語文教學碩博士學位學程
104160501資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104160501 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 招靜琪 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chao, Chin-Chi en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 方瑾 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Fang, Chin en_US dc.creator (作者) 方瑾 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Fang, Chin en_US dc.date (日期) 2021 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Feb-2021 14:08:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Feb-2021 14:08:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Feb-2021 14:08:03 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104160501 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/133884 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 華語文教學碩博士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104160501 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 透過播客、YouTube影片或是微博(WeBlog)等「自媒體」(We Media, Bowman, S., & Willis, C., 2003)進行中文教學,與傳統課室環境中的中文教學大有不同,除了教學媒介工具的差異外,更包括了其中活動的人們對於教與學均抱持著不同於以往的態度,教與學雙方的角色與責任皆因場域的改變而需重新定位。在課堂之外,面對學習者從個人到語言學習上的全面自主,自媒體中文教學者如何依據其教學平台特性持續促進學習者的語言學習?而學習者表現出的學習自主性呈現何種樣貌?在中文教學自媒體上教與學雙方如何互動,又有何得失?本研究藉民族誌研究方法,以敘事資料形式記錄了作者以資深華語教師身份與知名中文教學YouTuber團隊合作三年,於自媒體中文學習平台「伯樂」(化名)上的教學互動經驗。田野調查過程中所獲取的其他研究資料來源包括:與關鍵訊息提供者,即中文教學YouTuber團隊的兩位主要成員的日常談話、合作過程及半結構式訪談。另有五位自願接受訪談的學習者提供其經歷與看法。為深入探究自媒體環境下的教學與學習自主性,本研究援引學習自主性研究大家班森(Benson,2001)及後教學法之集大成者庫瑪(Kumaravadivelu,2003)的理論架構,就上述田野調查資料進行解構、解釋和重構。研究發現,在教學者一端,透過品牌的建立、團隊合作與教學者形象的塑造,在充滿商業娛樂氣息的自媒體平台上,教學導向之影音學習素材仍可獲得觀眾青睞,並以後教學法框架加以理論化;而學習者端的學習自主性則因為能在完全自主與部分自主之間挪移而得到更完整的呈現,在選擇學習資源時,更多從消費習慣及個人好惡出發,對學習內容有更高的掌控度之餘,也呈現一種疏離感,欠缺同儕及師生互動。最後,自媒體上的語言教學與課室同樣,也受到社會性因素,如法規,以及政治性因素,如媒體社群文化之干擾,教學者的期望與學習者的反饋之間亦存在落差。值此數位學習方興未艾之際,相信本研究對未來包括華語師資培育在內的相關研究與教學實踐亦提供了些許建議與啟示。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Teaching and learning Chinese through “We Media” platforms such as podcasts, YouTube videos, or WeBlog (Bowman, S., & Willis, C., 2003), is not like teaching and learning in conventional classrooms. Not only is the mediation different, but peoples’ attitudes toward such “learning environments” is also distinct. Both students and teachers gain a high degree of autonomy in this learning environment while also freeing themselves from the traditional roles of learners and educators. How can learners’ autonomy (Benson, 2001) be stimulated and performed in an on-line Chinese learning platform? What are the benefits and downsides for learners who have full learner autonomy when using on-line learning sources? How do online learners interact with Chinese language teaching YouTubers?This study adopts ethnographic methods to capture (in a form of narrative data) the author’s three-year experience working side-by-side with two Chinese language teaching YouTubers and five online Chinese language learners who utilized We Media teaching platforms. Drawing on Benson (2001) and Kumaravadivelu (2003), this study deconstructs, interprets, and reconstructs the narrative data in order to derive assertions as to how learner autonomy performs in an on-line learning environment. Three assertions are proposed, firstly, a Chinese-teaching YouTuber is considered to be an internet celebrity rather than an educator; secondly, online learner autonomy can sometimes be better satisfied through choosing a more structured teaching framework rather than the largely self-directed learning strategies of many We Media platforms; and thirdly, autonomous learning online can still be impacted by the same “political and social” factors present in physical classrooms such as local censorship and copyright laws. Implications and suggestions for research and practice are also discussed, including how Chinese language teacher education could meet the challenge of alternative practice in digital contexts. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景 1第二節 研究目的 2第三節 研究場域 6第四節 研究問題 9第二章 文獻回顧與評述 11第一節 學習自主性之教學研究 12第二節 成人學習者與學習自主性 15第三節 從華語數位學習平台到自媒體華語教學 17第四節 YouTube與非正式語言學習的興起 19第五節 教師自主性與教師研究 22第六節 小結 25第三章 研究方法 27第一節 民族誌研究方法 27第二節 研究場域與研究參與者 28一、研究參與者:教學者 28二、研究參與者:學習者 29第三節 資料搜集 31一、半結構式訪談 31二、參與觀察 33三、網站公開資料 33第四節 資料轉寫與分析 34第四章 發現(一):教學者 37第一節 中文學習網站「伯樂」 38一、「伯樂」提供的教學服務及其沿革 38二、「伯樂」的用戶 39三、「伯樂」的學習資源 40第二節 「L中文」:自媒體中文課程製作團隊 43第三節 教學影片製作過程:以課室教師視角看挑戰與契機 48一、初期教學影片:近義詞辨析「生活、生命、人生」 49二、合作成熟期教學影片:玩遊戲 學語序 51第四節 教學策略:「後教學法」之實踐 55一、促進學習自主(Promote learner autonomy) 56二、學習機會最大化(Maximize learning opportunities) 57三、將感知衝突降到最低(Minimize perceptual mismatches) 59四、啟動直覺的啟發方式(Activate intuitive heuristics) 60五、培養語言意識(Foster language awareness) 61六、情境化的語言輸入(Contextualize linguistic input) 62七、增進文化意識(Raise cultural consciousness) 63八、確保社會關聯性(Ensure social relevance) 64九、「L中文」之特殊宏觀策略:寓教於樂(Think edutainment)與建立團隊合作程序(Establish groupwork procedure) 66第五節 小結 69第五章 發現(二):學習者 70第一節 羨羨:可以用中文侃大山 70一、主題一:利用網路資源「補習」 70二、主題二:看個不停就對了 73三、主題三:外國人會喜歡的style! 74四、主題四:那些學中文的人「跟我無關」 76五、小結(一) 77第二節 阿凌:我們的小粉絲 78一、主題一:莉莉和傑明是大明星 78二、主題二:「L中文」真專業 79三、主題三:「伯樂」其實不便宜 80四、主題四:英文解釋太多了 81五、主題五:想怎麼學就怎麼學 82六、主題六:有明確的學習架構更好 85七、小結(二) 86第三節 羨羨與阿凌的學習自主性表現 87第六章 分析與討論 92第一節 教學者成為知識型「網紅」 92一、主持人的魅力 94二、品牌的吸引力 96三、可信賴的教學專業與經驗 97第二節 選擇權:高度學習自主性的展現 98一、在「自主」與「非自主」間的挪移 98二、隨心所欲的學習型態 101三、學習者成為消費者 102第三節 高質量教學與高度自主學習間的拉鋸妥協 104一、教學角色的再定位 104二、社會性(social)與政治性(political)因素的干擾 106三、學習者的疏離感 108第四節 自媒體上學習自主性的「教」「學」兩端 109第七章 結論與建議 112第一節 研究發現概要 112第二節 數位影音時代之華師培育 114第三節 研究限制 115第四節 未來研究之建議 116第五節 後記 117參考文獻 118附錄一、 124附錄二、 125 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2664329 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104160501 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 華語教學 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 學習自主性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 後教學法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自媒體中文教學 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民族誌 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) TCSL en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Learner autonomy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Post method pedagogy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinese language teaching on We Media en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ethnography en_US dc.title (題名) 自媒體環境中之中文教學實踐與學習自主性表現:一個民族誌研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Chinese Teaching and Learner Autonomy on WeMedia: An Ethnographic Study en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王慧蘭,(2005)。批判教育學:權利抗爭、文本政治、和教育實踐。台灣教育社會學研究,第5卷第2期,85-112。王兆華、朱我芯,(2010)。實現網路直觀情境之華語古詩教學平台。華語文教學研究,第7卷第2期,65-90。王安妮,(2012)。媒介消費與網路主動學習:以YouTube舞蹈學習為例。碩士論文。國立政治大學,廣播電視學系,台北市。朱我芯,(2012)。對外華語之古典詩歌多媒體「情境再現」教學法。華語文教學研究, 第9卷第1期,23-50。李美華等譯。Earl Babbie著,(民87)。社會科學研究方法。台北市:時英出版社。李政賢譯。John W. 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