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題名 智慧醫療產業的生態圈框架：以糖尿病管理為例
Ecosystem Framework for Digital Health Industry: A Case Study of Diabetes Management
作者 張凱翔
Chang, Francis
貢獻者 張永明
Chang, Yung-Ming
張凱翔
Chang, Francis
關鍵詞 醫療保健系統
糖尿病
智慧醫療
商業生態系統
商業模型
Healthcare system
diabetes
digital health
business ecosystem
business model
日期 2021
上傳時間 4-Aug-2021 15:05:22 (UTC+8)
摘要 Taiwan has been well-known as the global leading OEM and ODM in the ICT industries. Recent years, fast-growing contenders in emerging countries have been challenging its status quo, forcing ICT products to turn into a red ocean market. Taiwan’s ICT companies are anxiously searching for the next blue ocean market.
Seeing the strong potential in the digital health industry, driven by the irreversible trend of fast aging and rising diabetes and chronic disease population, many Taiwanese companies, together with the Taiwanese government, have identified it as the next big thing to be built on top of their ICT competitive strengths.
This research aims to provide guidelines to develop a business ecosystem framework for the digital health industry in Taiwan through an in-depth analysis of objective data. It will also identify challenges and opportunities for this business ecosystem and make specific recommendations that could help best leverage Taiwan’s competitive strengths in high-tech and medical device companies and the national healthcare system to achieve success in the upcoming digital health market worldwide.
參考文獻 American Diabetes Association. (2018). Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Arlington: American Diabetes Association.
American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Diabetes Overview. Retrieved from American Diabetes Association: https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/complications
ASUS Life. (2021). Data Bank. Retrieved from Data Bank: https://databank.asus.life/
ASUS Life. (2021). Front Page. Retrieved from ASUS Life: https://www.asus.life/
ASUS Life. (2021). News. Retrieved from ASUS Life: https://www.asus.life/news/category/press-release
ASUS. (2020). 2019 Annual Report. ASUS.
Brandenburger, A. M., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1996). Co-opetition. Taipei: Somewhere Else Publishing Co. Ltd.
Cameron, L. (2021). What Is Digital Healthcare? Five Things You Should Know . Retrieved from IEEE: https://www.computer.org/publications/tech-news/research/digital-health-five-things-you-should-know
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, April 4). About Prediabetes & Type 2 Diabetes . Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/about-prediabetes.html
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2020, December 16). National Health Expenditure Data - Historical. Retrieved from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NationalHealthAccountsHistorical
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2020, December 16). NHE Fact Sheet. Retrieved from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NHE-Fact-Sheet
China Times. (2014, 6 10). 產業觀測－血糖監測產品平價化 市場面臨洗牌. Retrieved from China Times News: https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20140610000330-260207?chdtv
Comstock, J. (2019, September 11). Livongo`s complex recipe for digital health success . Retrieved from Mobi Health News: https://www.mobihealthnews.com/news/north-america/livongos-complex-recipe-digital-health-success
Covetus LLC. (2020, 9 9). What is the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act? . Retrieved from Covetus The Soft Impact: https://www.covetus.com/blog/what-is-the-health-information-technology-for-economic-and-clinical-health-hitech-act
Crunchbase. (n.d.). Livongo. Retrieved from Crunchbase: https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/livongo-health/company_financials
EasyDoctor. (2021). About Us. Retrieved from EasyDoctor: https://www.easydr.com.tw/zh-tw/about_us/#news
European Commission. (2012). eHealth Action Plan 2012-2020 - Innovative healthcare for the 21st century. Brussels: European Commission.
European Commission. (2018). Transformation of Health Care in the Digital Single Market. Brussels: European Commission.
Frost & Sullivan. (2017, June 19). Innovations to Disrupt Blood Glucose Monitoring Market . Retrieved from Alliance of Advanced BioMedical Engineering: https://aabme.asme.org/posts/innovations-to-disrupt-blood-glucose-monitoring-market
Industrial Development Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs. (2020). Biotechnology in Taiwan. Industrial Development Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs.
International Diabetes Federation. (2019). IDF DIABETES ATLAS Ninth edition 2019. International Diabetes Federation.
IOMC. (2021). Health Care Open Access Journals . Retrieved from Primary Health Care: Open Access : https://www.iomcworld.org/medical-journals/health-care-open-access-journals-44929.html
Katherine, K.-S., & Lisa, B. N. (2020). Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2019. U.S. Census Bureau.
Keaggy, B. (Director). (2015). What does the pancreas do? - Emma Bryce [Motion Picture].
Krizner, K. (2019). Top Challenges in Managing Diabetes. Drug Topics, 45.
Lee, W.-S. (2013). Formation and evolution of industry platform - A case study of A-Team. Wei-Sheng Lee.
Livongo. (2019). Annual Report. Mountain View: Livongo.
Livongo. (2020, September). Introducing AI+AI. Retrieved from Livongo: https://www.livongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LIvongo_Introduces_AIAI.pdf
Livongo. (n.d.). Proven Results . Retrieved from Livongo: https://wwwdev.livongo.com/impact.html#Clinical_Outcomes
Microchip Technology Inc. (2013). Glucose Meter Reference Design. Microchip Technology Inc. Retrieved from http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00001560A.pdf
Moore, J. F. (1996). The Death of Competition: Leadership & Strategy in the Age of Business Ecosystem. New York: HarperBusiness.
Moore, J. F. (1999). Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition. Harvard Business Review.
National Development Council. (2021). 協調推動產業創新計畫 . Retrieved from National Development Council: https://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=9D024A4424DC36B9
National Health Insurance. (2020, August 4). Information about illnesses in the National Health Insurance. Retrieved from National Health Insurance: https://www.nhi.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=806314145D8E1187&topn=CDA985A80C0DE710
Nucleus Medical Media (Director). (2014). Checking Your Blood Glucose | Diabetes Discharge | Nucleus Health [Motion Picture].
Numbeo. (2009-2021). About Health Care Indices At This Website. Retrieved from Numbeo: https://www.numbeo.com/health-care/indices_explained.jsp
Numbeo. (2021). Health Care Index by Country 2021 . Retrieved from Numbeo: https://www.numbeo.com/health-care/rankings_by_country.jsp?title=2021
OECD. (2019). Health at a Glance 2019. Paris: OECD.
Office for Civil Rights (OCR). (2013, July 26). Summary of the HIPAA Privacy Rule . Retrieved from U.S. Department of Health & Human Services: https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/laws-regulations/index.html
Pwc. (2020). A guide to Taiwan`s health industries. Pwc.
ResearchAndMarkets. (2019, October 18). Taiwanese ICT Industry Outlook, 2019 & Beyond. Retrieved from Business Wire: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191018005137/en/Taiwanese-ICT-Industry-Outlook-2019%E2%80%94ResearchAndMarkets.com
Scales, I. (2021, April 7). How COVID-19 accelerated digital healthcare . Retrieved from MyITU: https://www.itu.int/en/myitu/News/2021/04/07/07/25/COVID-accelerating-digital-healthcare
TED. (2010). How great leaders inspire action | Simon Sinek . TED.
The Commonwealth Fund. (2020). International Profiles of Health Care Systems. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
The Lancet. (2017). Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Seattle: The Lancet.
Trading Economics. (2021). Taiwan Exports. Retrieved from Trading Economics: https://tradingeconomics.com/taiwan/exports
U.S Food & Drug Administration. (2017). Digital Health Innovation Action Plan. U.S Food & Drug Administration.
U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (n.d.). Fee for Service. Retrieved from HealthCare.gov: https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/fee-for-service/
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2018, September 14). Medical Device Overview . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/industry/regulated-products/medical-device-overview#What%20is%20a%20medical%20device
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2019, April 4). Blood Glucose Monitoring Devices . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/in-vitro-diagnostics/blood-glucose-monitoring-devices
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, April 1). Products and Medical Procedures . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/products-and-medical-procedures
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, September 14). Digital Health Software Precertification (Pre-Cert) Program . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/digital-health-software-precertification-pre-cert-program
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, September 22). What is Digital Health? Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/what-digital-health
Wistron. (2021). 2020 Annual Report. Wistron.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global spending on health: Weathering the storm. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global strategy on digital health 2020–2025. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2021). eHealth. Retrieved from World Health Organization: https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/ehealth/
財團法人中技社. (2019). 台灣醫療產業智慧化與國際化之機會與挑戰.
國家發展委員會委託研究. (2017). 智慧醫療關鍵議題與對策之研究. 國家發展委員會委託研究.
經濟部工業局. (2020). 2020生技產業白皮書.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
108933025
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108933025
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 張永明zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chang, Yung-Mingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張凱翔zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chang, Francisen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張凱翔zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chang, Francisen_US
dc.date (日期) 2021en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-Aug-2021 15:05:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-Aug-2021 15:05:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Aug-2021 15:05:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108933025en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136428-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108933025zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwan has been well-known as the global leading OEM and ODM in the ICT industries. Recent years, fast-growing contenders in emerging countries have been challenging its status quo, forcing ICT products to turn into a red ocean market. Taiwan’s ICT companies are anxiously searching for the next blue ocean market.
Seeing the strong potential in the digital health industry, driven by the irreversible trend of fast aging and rising diabetes and chronic disease population, many Taiwanese companies, together with the Taiwanese government, have identified it as the next big thing to be built on top of their ICT competitive strengths.
This research aims to provide guidelines to develop a business ecosystem framework for the digital health industry in Taiwan through an in-depth analysis of objective data. It will also identify challenges and opportunities for this business ecosystem and make specific recommendations that could help best leverage Taiwan’s competitive strengths in high-tech and medical device companies and the national healthcare system to achieve success in the upcoming digital health market worldwide.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction 1
1.1. Research Background and Motive 1
1.2. Research Problem and Purpose 7
1.3. Research Process 10
2. Literature Review 13
2.1. Overview of Healthcare System 13
2.1.1. Healthcare System in the United States 15
2.1.2. Healthcare System in Taiwan 20
2.2. Digital Health 25
2.2.1. What is Digital Health 25
2.2.2. Digital Health Development and Standardization 26
2.3. Diabetes Mellitus 32
2.3.1. What is Diabetes 32
2.3.2. Challenges of Diabetes Patients 35
2.3.3. Global Market Size and the Trend 36
2.4. Blood Glucose Monitoring System 38
2.4.1. What is Blood Glucose Monitoring System 38
2.4.2. Blood Glucose Monitoring System Market Size and Major Players 42
2.4.3. Extended Applications of Blood Glucose Monitoring System 44
2.5. Business Ecosystem and Co-opetition 46
3. Research Methodology 51
3.1. Design of the Research 51
3.2. Data Collection 51
3.3. Methodology of Analysis 51
4. Cases Studies of Digital Health Companies and Findings 53
4.1. Case Studies 53
4.1.1. Digital Health Development in the U.S. 54
4.1.2. Digital Health Development in Taiwan 71
4.2. Findings 86
5. Challenges and Opportunities for Taiwan’s ICT Companies 90
5.1. Challenges 90
5.2. Opportunities 93
6. Conclusions and Recommendations 95
6.1. General Guidelines to Form a Business Ecosystem for Digital Health 95
6.2. Recommendations 97
7. References 102		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 9303249 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108933025en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 醫療保健系統zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 糖尿病zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧醫療zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 商業生態系統zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 商業模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Healthcare systemen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) diabetesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) digital healthen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) business ecosystemen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) business modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 智慧醫療產業的生態圈框架：以糖尿病管理為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Ecosystem Framework for Digital Health Industry: A Case Study of Diabetes Managementen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) American Diabetes Association. (2018). Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Arlington: American Diabetes Association.
American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Diabetes Overview. Retrieved from American Diabetes Association: https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/complications
ASUS Life. (2021). Data Bank. Retrieved from Data Bank: https://databank.asus.life/
ASUS Life. (2021). Front Page. Retrieved from ASUS Life: https://www.asus.life/
ASUS Life. (2021). News. Retrieved from ASUS Life: https://www.asus.life/news/category/press-release
ASUS. (2020). 2019 Annual Report. ASUS.
Brandenburger, A. M., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1996). Co-opetition. Taipei: Somewhere Else Publishing Co. Ltd.
Cameron, L. (2021). What Is Digital Healthcare? Five Things You Should Know . Retrieved from IEEE: https://www.computer.org/publications/tech-news/research/digital-health-five-things-you-should-know
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, April 4). About Prediabetes & Type 2 Diabetes . Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/about-prediabetes.html
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2020, December 16). National Health Expenditure Data - Historical. Retrieved from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NationalHealthAccountsHistorical
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2020, December 16). NHE Fact Sheet. Retrieved from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NHE-Fact-Sheet
China Times. (2014, 6 10). 產業觀測－血糖監測產品平價化 市場面臨洗牌. Retrieved from China Times News: https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20140610000330-260207?chdtv
Comstock, J. (2019, September 11). Livongo`s complex recipe for digital health success . Retrieved from Mobi Health News: https://www.mobihealthnews.com/news/north-america/livongos-complex-recipe-digital-health-success
Covetus LLC. (2020, 9 9). What is the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act? . Retrieved from Covetus The Soft Impact: https://www.covetus.com/blog/what-is-the-health-information-technology-for-economic-and-clinical-health-hitech-act
Crunchbase. (n.d.). Livongo. Retrieved from Crunchbase: https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/livongo-health/company_financials
EasyDoctor. (2021). About Us. Retrieved from EasyDoctor: https://www.easydr.com.tw/zh-tw/about_us/#news
European Commission. (2012). eHealth Action Plan 2012-2020 - Innovative healthcare for the 21st century. Brussels: European Commission.
European Commission. (2018). Transformation of Health Care in the Digital Single Market. Brussels: European Commission.
Frost & Sullivan. (2017, June 19). Innovations to Disrupt Blood Glucose Monitoring Market . Retrieved from Alliance of Advanced BioMedical Engineering: https://aabme.asme.org/posts/innovations-to-disrupt-blood-glucose-monitoring-market
Industrial Development Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs. (2020). Biotechnology in Taiwan. Industrial Development Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs.
International Diabetes Federation. (2019). IDF DIABETES ATLAS Ninth edition 2019. International Diabetes Federation.
IOMC. (2021). Health Care Open Access Journals . Retrieved from Primary Health Care: Open Access : https://www.iomcworld.org/medical-journals/health-care-open-access-journals-44929.html
Katherine, K.-S., & Lisa, B. N. (2020). Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2019. U.S. Census Bureau.
Keaggy, B. (Director). (2015). What does the pancreas do? - Emma Bryce [Motion Picture].
Krizner, K. (2019). Top Challenges in Managing Diabetes. Drug Topics, 45.
Lee, W.-S. (2013). Formation and evolution of industry platform - A case study of A-Team. Wei-Sheng Lee.
Livongo. (2019). Annual Report. Mountain View: Livongo.
Livongo. (2020, September). Introducing AI+AI. Retrieved from Livongo: https://www.livongo.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/LIvongo_Introduces_AIAI.pdf
Livongo. (n.d.). Proven Results . Retrieved from Livongo: https://wwwdev.livongo.com/impact.html#Clinical_Outcomes
Microchip Technology Inc. (2013). Glucose Meter Reference Design. Microchip Technology Inc. Retrieved from http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00001560A.pdf
Moore, J. F. (1996). The Death of Competition: Leadership & Strategy in the Age of Business Ecosystem. New York: HarperBusiness.
Moore, J. F. (1999). Predators and Prey: A New Ecology of Competition. Harvard Business Review.
National Development Council. (2021). 協調推動產業創新計畫 . Retrieved from National Development Council: https://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=9D024A4424DC36B9
National Health Insurance. (2020, August 4). Information about illnesses in the National Health Insurance. Retrieved from National Health Insurance: https://www.nhi.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=806314145D8E1187&topn=CDA985A80C0DE710
Nucleus Medical Media (Director). (2014). Checking Your Blood Glucose | Diabetes Discharge | Nucleus Health [Motion Picture].
Numbeo. (2009-2021). About Health Care Indices At This Website. Retrieved from Numbeo: https://www.numbeo.com/health-care/indices_explained.jsp
Numbeo. (2021). Health Care Index by Country 2021 . Retrieved from Numbeo: https://www.numbeo.com/health-care/rankings_by_country.jsp?title=2021
OECD. (2019). Health at a Glance 2019. Paris: OECD.
Office for Civil Rights (OCR). (2013, July 26). Summary of the HIPAA Privacy Rule . Retrieved from U.S. Department of Health & Human Services: https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/laws-regulations/index.html
Pwc. (2020). A guide to Taiwan`s health industries. Pwc.
ResearchAndMarkets. (2019, October 18). Taiwanese ICT Industry Outlook, 2019 & Beyond. Retrieved from Business Wire: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191018005137/en/Taiwanese-ICT-Industry-Outlook-2019%E2%80%94ResearchAndMarkets.com
Scales, I. (2021, April 7). How COVID-19 accelerated digital healthcare . Retrieved from MyITU: https://www.itu.int/en/myitu/News/2021/04/07/07/25/COVID-accelerating-digital-healthcare
TED. (2010). How great leaders inspire action | Simon Sinek . TED.
The Commonwealth Fund. (2020). International Profiles of Health Care Systems. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
The Lancet. (2017). Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Seattle: The Lancet.
Trading Economics. (2021). Taiwan Exports. Retrieved from Trading Economics: https://tradingeconomics.com/taiwan/exports
U.S Food & Drug Administration. (2017). Digital Health Innovation Action Plan. U.S Food & Drug Administration.
U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (n.d.). Fee for Service. Retrieved from HealthCare.gov: https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/fee-for-service/
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2018, September 14). Medical Device Overview . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/industry/regulated-products/medical-device-overview#What%20is%20a%20medical%20device
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2019, April 4). Blood Glucose Monitoring Devices . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/in-vitro-diagnostics/blood-glucose-monitoring-devices
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, April 1). Products and Medical Procedures . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/products-and-medical-procedures
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, September 14). Digital Health Software Precertification (Pre-Cert) Program . Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/digital-health-software-precertification-pre-cert-program
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2020, September 22). What is Digital Health? Retrieved from U.S. Food & Drug Administration: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/what-digital-health
Wistron. (2021). 2020 Annual Report. Wistron.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global spending on health: Weathering the storm. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2020). Global strategy on digital health 2020–2025. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2021). eHealth. Retrieved from World Health Organization: https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/ehealth/
財團法人中技社. (2019). 台灣醫療產業智慧化與國際化之機會與挑戰.
國家發展委員會委託研究. (2017). 智慧醫療關鍵議題與對策之研究. 國家發展委員會委託研究.
經濟部工業局. (2020). 2020生技產業白皮書.		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202100936en_US