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題名 歐盟對中亞地區的態度：務實行為者或規範性權力？以哈薩克為例
EU approach toward Central Asia: pragmatic actor or normative power? The case of Kazakhstan作者 馮美芮
Boquen, Marianne貢獻者 蘇卓馨
Su, Cho-Hsin
馮美芮
Boquen, Marianne關鍵詞 歐洲聯盟
中亞
規範性權力
外交政策
哈薩克
European Union
Central Asia
Normative power
Foreign policy
Kazakhstan日期 2021 上傳時間 4-八月-2021 16:29:04 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文探討歐盟規範性權力在中亞的應用。因為與歐盟更加親近的夥伴關係，哈薩克會是本文個案研究的目標。當本文談及規範性權力，主要會論述歐盟大力推廣的價值，包含和平、自由、民主、法治、人權等等。為了瞭解歐盟規範性權力對哈薩克的影響，文中將會探討歐盟與哈薩克在各個政策領域上的合作，包含能源與環境、安全、人權、法治、教育以及經貿等。希望透過對這些政策合作的研究，來了解歐盟對哈薩克的外交政策是否是價值導向，抑或者只是單純功利主義的思維。最後，本文也會對未來探討歐盟對其他國家(特別是俄羅斯、中國)運用規範性權力的可能，並且延伸討論未來的歐盟-中亞關係。
This thesis examines the extent of EU normative power in Central Asia, following both the 2016’s Global New Strategy and the release of the latest 2019’s New Strategy for Central Asia. A closer look will be taken at the situation in Kazakhstan, serving as a case study for the region, for it is the most advanced partnership between the EU and a Central Asian state. By normative power, this research understands EU promotion of its constitutive values (peace, liberty, democracy, rule of law, and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, all found in the acquis communautaire) and their pursuit in international affairs for, according to Ian Manners, “The EU has been, is and always will be a normative power in world politics” (Manners 2008, 45).To determine whether this statement is true or not in the case of Kazakhstan, and assess for the presence (or absence of) normative power, this study will examine several areas of policy cooperation between the EU and Kazakhstan. Namely, it will dive further into cooperation in the domains of the energy and the environment, security, human rights, the rule of law and justice, education, and finally trade and business. By strictly following Ian Manners’ six processes of norm diffusion (contagion, informational diffusion, procedural diffusion transference, overt diffusion and cultural filter diffusion), it will be possible to determine whether or not the EU foreign policy vis à vis Kazakhstan can be said to have a value driven inclination or if it follow a utilitarian approach. In addition, if it can be concluded to the presence of normative diffusion, this thesis will also use Michelle Pace’s concept of rewards as well as Holger Janusch’s logic of arguing, to determine whether or not foreign policy instruments are in adequacy with the norms promoted.After analysis, this research concluded that the EU is a normative power in three of the six policy cooperation sectors identified the environment, security and the education), with contrasted results in the areas of human rights and justice and the rule of law and minimum results in the case of the trade and business sector. Consequently, despite discrepancies between the different sectors identified, the EU does participate in changing the norms and standards in Kazakhstan in the policy areas identified and does it in accordance with the norms it promotes.Finally, this research will also constitute a preliminary study regarding future developments on the interplay of different normative powers (mainly the EU, Russia and China) in the region, and on the future of EU – Central Asia relations.參考文獻 Afionis, Stavros, Lindsay C. 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國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)
108862006資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108862006 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蘇卓馨 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Su, Cho-Hsin en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 馮美芮 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Boquen, Marianne en_US dc.creator (作者) 馮美芮 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Boquen, Marianne en_US dc.date (日期) 2021 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-八月-2021 16:29:04 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-八月-2021 16:29:04 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-八月-2021 16:29:04 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0108862006 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136694 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108862006 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文探討歐盟規範性權力在中亞的應用。因為與歐盟更加親近的夥伴關係，哈薩克會是本文個案研究的目標。當本文談及規範性權力，主要會論述歐盟大力推廣的價值，包含和平、自由、民主、法治、人權等等。為了瞭解歐盟規範性權力對哈薩克的影響，文中將會探討歐盟與哈薩克在各個政策領域上的合作，包含能源與環境、安全、人權、法治、教育以及經貿等。希望透過對這些政策合作的研究，來了解歐盟對哈薩克的外交政策是否是價值導向，抑或者只是單純功利主義的思維。最後，本文也會對未來探討歐盟對其他國家(特別是俄羅斯、中國)運用規範性權力的可能，並且延伸討論未來的歐盟-中亞關係。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis examines the extent of EU normative power in Central Asia, following both the 2016’s Global New Strategy and the release of the latest 2019’s New Strategy for Central Asia. A closer look will be taken at the situation in Kazakhstan, serving as a case study for the region, for it is the most advanced partnership between the EU and a Central Asian state. By normative power, this research understands EU promotion of its constitutive values (peace, liberty, democracy, rule of law, and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, all found in the acquis communautaire) and their pursuit in international affairs for, according to Ian Manners, “The EU has been, is and always will be a normative power in world politics” (Manners 2008, 45).To determine whether this statement is true or not in the case of Kazakhstan, and assess for the presence (or absence of) normative power, this study will examine several areas of policy cooperation between the EU and Kazakhstan. Namely, it will dive further into cooperation in the domains of the energy and the environment, security, human rights, the rule of law and justice, education, and finally trade and business. By strictly following Ian Manners’ six processes of norm diffusion (contagion, informational diffusion, procedural diffusion transference, overt diffusion and cultural filter diffusion), it will be possible to determine whether or not the EU foreign policy vis à vis Kazakhstan can be said to have a value driven inclination or if it follow a utilitarian approach. In addition, if it can be concluded to the presence of normative diffusion, this thesis will also use Michelle Pace’s concept of rewards as well as Holger Janusch’s logic of arguing, to determine whether or not foreign policy instruments are in adequacy with the norms promoted.After analysis, this research concluded that the EU is a normative power in three of the six policy cooperation sectors identified the environment, security and the education), with contrasted results in the areas of human rights and justice and the rule of law and minimum results in the case of the trade and business sector. Consequently, despite discrepancies between the different sectors identified, the EU does participate in changing the norms and standards in Kazakhstan in the policy areas identified and does it in accordance with the norms it promotes.Finally, this research will also constitute a preliminary study regarding future developments on the interplay of different normative powers (mainly the EU, Russia and China) in the region, and on the future of EU – Central Asia relations. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents TitleAbstractAcknowledgmentsTable of ContentsList of AcronymsChapter 1. Introduction 11.1 Research Motivation and Background 11.1.1 Rethinking the concept of power in a changing international environment 11.1.2 The distinctiveness of EU power in international affairs 21.1.3 The growing importance of Central Asia and Kazakhstan’s pivotal role 31.2 Propose of the Research 81.3 Theoretical Framework 91.4 Literature Review 101.4.1 The Union, a new type of international actor 101.4.2 The ideational nature of EU foreign policy 131.5 Methodology and Approach 191.6. Research Limitations 21Chapter 2. EU foreign policy toward Central Asia and EU-Kazakhstan relations 232.1 Most prominent policy cooperation sectors 232.1.1 The promotion of environmental protection and sustainable development 232.1.2 On human rights and the respect of the rule of law 252.1.3 Cooperation in tackling Central Asia’s security threats 272.1.4 Deepening trade and economic relations 272.2 The role of EU bodies in EU – Central Asia relations 302.2.1 The European Commission: the “strategy” maker 302.2.2 The role of the European Parliament 312.2.3 The EU Special Representative for Central Asia 332.3 The European Union’s “strategies” 352.3.1 The latest 2016’s strategy: normative or a commitment to “principledpragmatism”?352.3.2 Main foreign policy objectives of the strategy 372.3.3 The 2019 EU’s strategy toward Central Asia: in line with the Global Strategy? 402.4 EU-Kazakhstan relations 502.4.1 An overview of Kazakhstan 502.4.1.1 Population and culture 502.4.1.2 Politics and institutions 512.4.1.3 The economy 522.4.2 Cooperation between the EU and Kazakhstan 542.4.2.1 From early beginnings to “Europeanization” 55Chapter 3. Can the EU qualify as a normative power in the context of EUKazakhstanrelations?593.1 The energy and the environment 593.1.1 Kazakhstan’s energy sector 603.1.2 The environment and sustainable development 613.1.3 EU’s environmental values diffusion in Kazakhstan 663.2 EU-Kazakhstan cooperation on security issues 703.2.1 Main security issues in Kazakhstan 703.2.2 EU’s response: establishing common norms to tackle security issues 713.3 Human rights 723.3.1 EU instruments regarding the promotion of human rights 763.3.2 Human rights in the framework of the EU-Kazakhstan relations 793.4 Justice and the rule of law 823.4.1 The rule of law and justice in Kazakhstan 843.4.2 EU’s influence in justice and the rule of law sectors 863.5 Education 923.5.1 EU education standards 933.5.2 EU-Kazakhstan cooperation in the education sector 943.6 Trade and Business 993.6.1 Trade and business in Kazakhstan 993.6.2 EU-Kazakhstan cooperation in the trade and business sectors 100Chapter 4. Conclusion 1074.1 Research findings 1074.1.1 A mixed approach toward Central Asia 1074.1.2 The normative nature of EU foreign policy in Kazakhstan 1074.2 Future aspects 1114.2.1 On the future of EU-Central Asia relations 1114.2.2 On the confrontation of several normative models 112Bibliography and Appendix 115 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108862006 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歐洲聯盟 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中亞 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 規範性權力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外交政策 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 哈薩克 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) European Union en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Central Asia en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Normative power en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Foreign policy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Kazakhstan en_US dc.title (題名) 歐盟對中亞地區的態度：務實行為者或規範性權力？以哈薩克為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) EU approach toward Central Asia: pragmatic actor or normative power? The case of Kazakhstan en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Afionis, Stavros, Lindsay C. 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