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題名 API驅動之企業轉型
API Enabled Business Transformation
作者 陳盈蓁
Chen, Ying-Chen
貢獻者 尚孝純<br>李怡慧
Shang, Shiaw-Chun<br>Lee, Yi-Hui
陳盈蓁
Chen, Ying-Chen
關鍵詞 數位轉型
商業價值
Application Programming Interface (API)
Digital Transformation
Business Value
日期 2021
上傳時間 2-Sep-2021 15:54:17 (UTC+8)
摘要 數位轉型在近幾年來逐漸成為許多產業中的熱門話題，而在眾多數位轉型 中 API 的相關應用也越來越廣泛。然而大多數關於數位轉型的研究通常是以大 數據和人工智能的角度進行分析，少有針對 API 所驅動的數位轉型進行了深入 分析的研究。為了深入此議題，本研究將透過多個案例研究歸納出 API 所創造 的價值及由 API 所驅動的各種轉型模式。
本研究透過質性研究和跨個案橫向分析，從企業和產業的角度進而分析 API 所帶來的變革。透過分析之結果了解企業如何通過數位轉型創造商業價 值，並歸納出四種由 API 所驅動的數位轉型模式，期望能為 API 於企業的相關 應用提供更多方向。
In recent decades, digital transformation has gradually become a hot topic in various industries. API has also been used increasingly more widely in digital transformation. However, most of the literature on digital transformation is usually conducted from the perspective of Big Data or Artificial Intelligence. Moreover, relatively few studies have conducted more in-depth research from the perspective of APIs. In order to gain deeper perspective, this study regards APIs as a trigger driving digital transformation, summarizes value created by APIs and pattern of transformation driven by APIs through multiple case study.
Through conducting content analysis and cross-case table, this research analyzed the transformation brought about by APIs from the perspective of enterprises and industries. In sum up, this study scrutinizes how companies create business value through digital transformation, summarize different patterns of transformations driven by APIs, and provide some insights for API related applications in enterprises.
參考文獻 1. Aitamurto, T. and S. C. Lewis (2012). "Open innovation in digital journalism: Examining the impact of Open APIs at four news organizations." New Media & Society 15(2): 314-331.
2. Amadeus (2020). Amadeus 2019 Results: p.5.
3. Amadeus (2021). "Air APIs." Featured flight APIs. from
https://developers.amadeus.com/self-service/category/air.
4. Amadeus (2021). "Discover Amadeus APIs." from
https://developers.amadeus.com.
5. Amadeus (2021). "Enterprise APIs." Dive into the extensive catalog of Amadeus APIs. from https://developers.amadeus.com/get-started/get-started-with-enterprise-apis-336.
6. Amadeus (2021). "Self-Service APIs." from https://developers.amadeus.com/get-started/get-started-with-self-service-apis-335.
7. Amazon (2010). "Alexa Developer Documentation." Understand the Smart Home Skill API. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-
US/docs/alexa/smarthome/understand-the-smart-home-skill-api.html.
8. Amazon (2021). "Alexa Developer Documentation." Price ranges for in-skill products. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/in-skill-
purchase/isp-language-distribution-pricing.html#price-ranges.
9. Amazon (2021). "Alexa Developer Documentation." How the Smart Home skill API works. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/smarthome/understand-the-smart-home-skill-api.html#how-the-smart-home-skill-api-works.
10. Amazon (2021). "Alexa for Business." Alexa for Business pricing. from
https://aws.amazon.com/alexaforbusiness/pricing/?nc1=h_ls.
11. Azpeitia, I., et al. (2020). "Volunteering for Linked Data Wrapper maintenance: A platform perspective." Information Systems 89.
12. Betz, C., et al. (2016). The impacts of digital transformation, agile, and DevOps on future IT curricula. Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference on Information Technology Education.
13. Bloomberg, J. (2018). "Digitization, digitalization, and digital transformation: confuse them at your peril." Forbes. Retrieved on August 28: 2019.
14. Collins, G. and D. Sisk (2015). "API economy: From systems to business services." TechTrends.
15. Facebook (2021). "Facebook for Developers." Business Tools. from https://developers.facebook.com/?locale=en_US.
16. Facebook (2021). "Facebook for Developers." Graph API. from https://developers.facebook.com/docs/graph-api?locale=zh_TW.
17. Facebook (2021). Facebook Reports First Quarter 2021 Results.
18. Fidor (2021). "Fidor Germany Banking API." from https://api-docs.fidor.de/v1/introduction/welcome-text.
19. Fidor (2021). "Fidor Solutions." Get started with Fidor`s API Banking. from
https://www.fidor.com/solutions/developer.
20. Fitzgerald, M., et al. (2014). "Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative." MIT sloan management review 55(2): 1.
21. Gartner (2020). Magic Quadrant for Enterprise Integration Platform as a Service.
22. Gartner (2020). Magic Quadrant for Full Life Cycle API Management.
23. Group, J. F. (2021). "JB Financial Group Official Website." JB Financial Group’s Open Banking Platform. from https://www.jbfg.com/eng/group-evacuation/obank/contentsid/155/index.do.
24. Hess, T., et al. (2016). "Options for formulating a digital transformation strategy." MIS Quarterly Executive 15(2).
25. Ismail, M. H., et al. (2017). "Digital business transformation and strategy: What do we know so far." Cambridge Service Alliance 10.
26. Jones, M. D., et al. (2021). "Past, present, and future barriers to digital transformation in manufacturing: A review." Journal of Manufacturing Systems.
27. Li, L., et al. (2017). "Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: A capability perspective." Information Systems Journal 28.
28. Matt, C., et al. (2015). "Digital Transformation Strategies." Business & Information Systems Engineering 57: 339-343.
29. Mulesoft (2021). "Mulesoft Official Website." from https://www.mulesoft.com.
30. Osterwalder, A. and Y. Pigneur (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers, John Wiley & Sons.
31. Rauf, I., et al. (2019). "A systematic mapping study of API usability evaluation methods." Computer Science Review 33: 49-68.
32. Revolut (2020). "Revolut Developer." API Reference. from https://developer.revolut.com.
33. Revolut (2021). "Get a card you control." from https://www.revolut.com/cards.
34. Revolut (2021). "Revolut Compare Plans." from https://www.revolut.com/our-pricing-plans.
35. Salesforce (2019). "Salesforce 2019 Financial Results." from
https://investor.salesforce.com/financials/default.aspx.
36. Salesforce (2021). "Salesforce Cloud Pricing." from
https://www.salesforce.com/tw/editions-pricing/sales-cloud/.
37. Salesforce (2021). "Salesforce Developers." API Library. from https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/apis.
38. Shopify (2020). "Shopify Partners." Help merchants succeed as a Shopify Partner.
from https://www.shopify.com/partners.
39. Shopify (2021). "Shopify Developers." Shopify API reference docs. from https://shopify.dev/api.
40. Shopify (2021). "Shopify Pricing." from https://www.shopify.com/pricing.
41. Singh, A. and T. Hess (2017). "How Chief Digital Officers Promote the Digital Transformation of their Companies." MIS Q. Executive 16.
42. Socharoentum, M. and H. Karimi (2014). "A Comparative Analysis of Routes Generated by Web Mapping APIs." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 42.
43. Statista (2021). "Revenue of Amadeus worldwide from 2010 to 2020." from
https://www.statista.com/statistics/501692/amadeus-revenue/.
44. Statista (2021). "Total number of Amazon Alexa skills in selected countries as of January 2021." from https://www.statista.com/statistics/917900/selected-
countries-amazon-alexa-skill-count/.
45. Stolterman, E. and A. C. Fors (2004). Information technology and the good life. Information systems research, Springer: 687-692.
46. Taiminen, H. M. and H. Karjaluoto (2015). "The usage of digital marketing channels in SMEs." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 22(4): 633-651.
47. V erhoef, P . C., et al. (2021). "Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda." Journal of Business Research 122: 889-901.
48. Vial, G. (2019). "Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda." The Journal of Strategic Information Systems 28(2): 118-144.
49. Westerman, G., et al. (2011). "Digital Transformation: A roadmap for billion- dollar organizations." MIT Center for digital business and capgemini consulting 1: 1-68.
50. White, M. (2012). "Digital workplaces: Vision and reality." Business information review 29(4): 205-214.
51. Wilkinson, A., et al. (2009). "Service, services and products: rethinking operations strategy." International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
52. Yadav, M. S. and P. A. Pavlou (2014). "Marketing in Computer-Mediated Environments: Research Synthesis and New Directions." Journal of Marketing 78(1): 20-40.
53. Zott, C., et al. (2011). "The business model: recent developments and future research." Journal of management 37(4): 1019-1042.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
108356022
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108356022
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 尚孝純<br>李怡慧zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Shang, Shiaw-Chun<br>Lee, Yi-Huien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳盈蓁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Ying-Chenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳盈蓁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Ying-Chenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2021en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2021 15:54:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2021 15:54:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2021 15:54:17 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108356022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136845-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108356022zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 數位轉型在近幾年來逐漸成為許多產業中的熱門話題，而在眾多數位轉型 中 API 的相關應用也越來越廣泛。然而大多數關於數位轉型的研究通常是以大 數據和人工智能的角度進行分析，少有針對 API 所驅動的數位轉型進行了深入 分析的研究。為了深入此議題，本研究將透過多個案例研究歸納出 API 所創造 的價值及由 API 所驅動的各種轉型模式。
本研究透過質性研究和跨個案橫向分析，從企業和產業的角度進而分析 API 所帶來的變革。透過分析之結果了解企業如何通過數位轉型創造商業價 值，並歸納出四種由 API 所驅動的數位轉型模式，期望能為 API 於企業的相關 應用提供更多方向。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In recent decades, digital transformation has gradually become a hot topic in various industries. API has also been used increasingly more widely in digital transformation. However, most of the literature on digital transformation is usually conducted from the perspective of Big Data or Artificial Intelligence. Moreover, relatively few studies have conducted more in-depth research from the perspective of APIs. In order to gain deeper perspective, this study regards APIs as a trigger driving digital transformation, summarizes value created by APIs and pattern of transformation driven by APIs through multiple case study.
Through conducting content analysis and cross-case table, this research analyzed the transformation brought about by APIs from the perspective of enterprises and industries. In sum up, this study scrutinizes how companies create business value through digital transformation, summarize different patterns of transformations driven by APIs, and provide some insights for API related applications in enterprises.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgement...ii
Abstract...iii
摘要...iv
Table of Contents ...v
Tables...vii
Chapter 1: Introduction ...1
1.1 Introduction...1
1.2 Motivation...1
1.3 Research Objective ...2
Chapter 2: Literature Review...3
2.1 Application Programming Interface...3
2.2 Objectives of APIs...3
2.3 Business Transformation...4
2.4 Business Model...6
Chapter 3: Research Design...8
3.1 Research Method and Process...8
3.2 Case Selection...9
3.3 Data Analysis...10
Chapter 4: Case Analysis...11
4.1 Analyzed Result...11
4.1.1 Amazon Alexa...11
4.1.2 Amadeus...13
4.1.3 Revolut...16
4.1.4 Facebook...18
4.1.5 Salesforce...20
4.1.6 Shopify...23
4.1.7 JB Financial Group...25
4.1.8 Fidor Bank...27
4.2 Cross-case Analysis - Benefits created by APIs...31
4.2.1 Functional Benefits...31
4.2.2 Transactional Benefits...32
4.2.3 Strategic Benefits...33
4.2.4 Economic Benefits...34
4.3 Cross-case Analysis – Four Patterns of Digital Transformation Driven by APIs...36
Chapter 5: Conclusion...39
5.1 Summary...39
5.2 Contribution...40
5.3 Limitation and Future Research...40
Reference...42		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 814731 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108356022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位轉型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 商業價值zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Application Programming Interface (API)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Digital Transformationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Business Valueen_US
dc.title (題名) API驅動之企業轉型zh_TW
dc.title (題名) API Enabled Business Transformationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Aitamurto, T. and S. C. Lewis (2012). "Open innovation in digital journalism: Examining the impact of Open APIs at four news organizations." New Media & Society 15(2): 314-331.
2. Amadeus (2020). Amadeus 2019 Results: p.5.
3. Amadeus (2021). "Air APIs." Featured flight APIs. from
https://developers.amadeus.com/self-service/category/air.
4. Amadeus (2021). "Discover Amadeus APIs." from
https://developers.amadeus.com.
5. Amadeus (2021). "Enterprise APIs." Dive into the extensive catalog of Amadeus APIs. from https://developers.amadeus.com/get-started/get-started-with-enterprise-apis-336.
6. Amadeus (2021). "Self-Service APIs." from https://developers.amadeus.com/get-started/get-started-with-self-service-apis-335.
7. Amazon (2010). "Alexa Developer Documentation." Understand the Smart Home Skill API. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-
US/docs/alexa/smarthome/understand-the-smart-home-skill-api.html.
8. Amazon (2021). "Alexa Developer Documentation." Price ranges for in-skill products. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/in-skill-
purchase/isp-language-distribution-pricing.html#price-ranges.
9. Amazon (2021). "Alexa Developer Documentation." How the Smart Home skill API works. from https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/smarthome/understand-the-smart-home-skill-api.html#how-the-smart-home-skill-api-works.
10. Amazon (2021). "Alexa for Business." Alexa for Business pricing. from
https://aws.amazon.com/alexaforbusiness/pricing/?nc1=h_ls.
11. Azpeitia, I., et al. (2020). "Volunteering for Linked Data Wrapper maintenance: A platform perspective." Information Systems 89.
12. Betz, C., et al. (2016). The impacts of digital transformation, agile, and DevOps on future IT curricula. Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference on Information Technology Education.
13. Bloomberg, J. (2018). "Digitization, digitalization, and digital transformation: confuse them at your peril." Forbes. Retrieved on August 28: 2019.
14. Collins, G. and D. Sisk (2015). "API economy: From systems to business services." TechTrends.
15. Facebook (2021). "Facebook for Developers." Business Tools. from https://developers.facebook.com/?locale=en_US.
16. Facebook (2021). "Facebook for Developers." Graph API. from https://developers.facebook.com/docs/graph-api?locale=zh_TW.
17. Facebook (2021). Facebook Reports First Quarter 2021 Results.
18. Fidor (2021). "Fidor Germany Banking API." from https://api-docs.fidor.de/v1/introduction/welcome-text.
19. Fidor (2021). "Fidor Solutions." Get started with Fidor`s API Banking. from
https://www.fidor.com/solutions/developer.
20. Fitzgerald, M., et al. (2014). "Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative." MIT sloan management review 55(2): 1.
21. Gartner (2020). Magic Quadrant for Enterprise Integration Platform as a Service.
22. Gartner (2020). Magic Quadrant for Full Life Cycle API Management.
23. Group, J. F. (2021). "JB Financial Group Official Website." JB Financial Group’s Open Banking Platform. from https://www.jbfg.com/eng/group-evacuation/obank/contentsid/155/index.do.
24. Hess, T., et al. (2016). "Options for formulating a digital transformation strategy." MIS Quarterly Executive 15(2).
25. Ismail, M. H., et al. (2017). "Digital business transformation and strategy: What do we know so far." Cambridge Service Alliance 10.
26. Jones, M. D., et al. (2021). "Past, present, and future barriers to digital transformation in manufacturing: A review." Journal of Manufacturing Systems.
27. Li, L., et al. (2017). "Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: A capability perspective." Information Systems Journal 28.
28. Matt, C., et al. (2015). "Digital Transformation Strategies." Business & Information Systems Engineering 57: 339-343.
29. Mulesoft (2021). "Mulesoft Official Website." from https://www.mulesoft.com.
30. Osterwalder, A. and Y. Pigneur (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers, John Wiley & Sons.
31. Rauf, I., et al. (2019). "A systematic mapping study of API usability evaluation methods." Computer Science Review 33: 49-68.
32. Revolut (2020). "Revolut Developer." API Reference. from https://developer.revolut.com.
33. Revolut (2021). "Get a card you control." from https://www.revolut.com/cards.
34. Revolut (2021). "Revolut Compare Plans." from https://www.revolut.com/our-pricing-plans.
35. Salesforce (2019). "Salesforce 2019 Financial Results." from
https://investor.salesforce.com/financials/default.aspx.
36. Salesforce (2021). "Salesforce Cloud Pricing." from
https://www.salesforce.com/tw/editions-pricing/sales-cloud/.
37. Salesforce (2021). "Salesforce Developers." API Library. from https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/apis.
38. Shopify (2020). "Shopify Partners." Help merchants succeed as a Shopify Partner.
from https://www.shopify.com/partners.
39. Shopify (2021). "Shopify Developers." Shopify API reference docs. from https://shopify.dev/api.
40. Shopify (2021). "Shopify Pricing." from https://www.shopify.com/pricing.
41. Singh, A. and T. Hess (2017). "How Chief Digital Officers Promote the Digital Transformation of their Companies." MIS Q. Executive 16.
42. Socharoentum, M. and H. Karimi (2014). "A Comparative Analysis of Routes Generated by Web Mapping APIs." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 42.
43. Statista (2021). "Revenue of Amadeus worldwide from 2010 to 2020." from
https://www.statista.com/statistics/501692/amadeus-revenue/.
44. Statista (2021). "Total number of Amazon Alexa skills in selected countries as of January 2021." from https://www.statista.com/statistics/917900/selected-
countries-amazon-alexa-skill-count/.
45. Stolterman, E. and A. C. Fors (2004). Information technology and the good life. Information systems research, Springer: 687-692.
46. Taiminen, H. M. and H. Karjaluoto (2015). "The usage of digital marketing channels in SMEs." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 22(4): 633-651.
47. V erhoef, P . C., et al. (2021). "Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda." Journal of Business Research 122: 889-901.
48. Vial, G. (2019). "Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda." The Journal of Strategic Information Systems 28(2): 118-144.
49. Westerman, G., et al. (2011). "Digital Transformation: A roadmap for billion- dollar organizations." MIT Center for digital business and capgemini consulting 1: 1-68.
50. White, M. (2012). "Digital workplaces: Vision and reality." Business information review 29(4): 205-214.
51. Wilkinson, A., et al. (2009). "Service, services and products: rethinking operations strategy." International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
52. Yadav, M. S. and P. A. Pavlou (2014). "Marketing in Computer-Mediated Environments: Research Synthesis and New Directions." Journal of Marketing 78(1): 20-40.
53. Zott, C., et al. (2011). "The business model: recent developments and future research." Journal of management 37(4): 1019-1042.		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202101424en_US