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題名 中國大陸閩浙滬三地氣候與空氣品質對房價之影響及其價值評估
Measuring the hedonic housing prices and the values of climate and air quality in Fujian, Zhejiang and Shanghai
作者 林瀅灩
Lin, Ying-Yan
貢獻者 蕭代基
Shaw, Dai-Gee
林瀅灩
Lin, Ying-Yan
關鍵詞 特徵價格法
氣候與空氣品質之價值
邊際願付價值
實證研究
Hedonic Price Method
Climate
Air quality
Marginal Willingness to Pay
Empirical study
日期 2021
上傳時間 2-Sep-2021 17:45:12 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究運用來自華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics, PSFD）、統計年鑒、政府工作報告與國民經濟和社會發展統計公報之中國大陸閩浙滬2017年與2019年之地級與縣級行政區的橫截面數據，將房屋交易市場區隔為福建省、浙江省、上海市三大市場，應用特徵價格法（Hedonic Price Method, HPM）就氣候與空氣品質對房屋年租金的影響問題進行普通最小平方法迴歸分析，進而估計出氣候之邊際願付價值。迴歸模型以房屋年租金為應變數，以氣候、空氣品質與房屋其他特徵變數為自變數，其中氣候指標為一七兩月月均溫與月均雨量，以及年均雨量，空氣品質指標為細顆粒物（PM2.5）之歷史平均空氣品質指數。透過本研究實證結果可知，上海市家戶喜愛居住於冬季溫暖七月少雨之地區，在閩浙兩省，夏季涼爽全年少雨的氣候更受家戶喜愛；在邊際願付價值(marginal willingness to pay, MWTP)評估方面，當一月月均溫上升1℃，每個上海市家戶願付4.666萬元人民幣，相反的，較少的七月月均雨量被視為良好環境品質特徵，七月月均雨量減少1mm，每個上海市家戶願付1.159萬元人民幣；當七月月均溫下降1℃，居住於浙江省與福建省之每個家戶分別願付1.461與0.473萬元人民幣，年均雨量減少1mm，分別願付0.0195與0.0302萬元人民幣；值得注意的是，空氣品質與房屋年租金之間無論在何地皆無顯著之負相關關係，本研究認為其原因是為當時上海市與浙江省的平均空氣品質指數約為100，福建省更是只有約80，都為普通的空氣品質，相比空氣品質不好的北方地區，在閩浙滬空氣品質尚未成為民眾選擇住址時的考慮因素。
This paper first estimates the hedonic housing price functions in Fujian, Zhejiang and Shanghai, respectively, using the cross-sectional data of prefecture-level or county-level cities from the PSFD database, Statistical Yearbook, Government Work Report, Statistics Communique on National Economic and Social Development in 2017 and 2019. The regression model takes the annual housing rent as the dependent variable, and the environment and other characteristics as the independent variables. Then, this paper studies the impact of climate and air quality on housing prices and estimates the marginal willingness to pay of climate using the estimated hedonic housing price functions. We find that Shanghai households prefer warmer winter and dryer summer, and Zhejiang and Fujian households prefer cooler summer and dryer all year round. Using the marginal willingness to pay, we find that every Shanghai household is willing to pay RMB 46,660 for a 1℃ higher January temperature, RMB 1,1590 for 1 mm lower July precipitation. When the July temperature drops by 1℃, every household in Zhejiang and Fujian is willing to pay RMB 14,610 and RMB 4,730 respectively. The estimated marginal willingness to pay from 1mm less annul precipitation for each household in the two provinces are around RMB 195 and RMB 473, respectively. We find no significant negative correlation between air quality and annual housing rent. Therefore, we can conclude that the average AQI of Shanghai and Zhejiang is about 100, the average AQI of Fujian is even only 80 at that time, AQI 100 and 80 mean that the air quality is moderate. Compared with the northern region with poor air quality, fresh air is yet a concern when people choose where to live when the air quality levels are moderate.
參考文獻 于若蓉（2017）。華人家庭動態資料庫的建立-中國大陸家庭動態社會調查計畫 (2017)【原始數據】。
于若蓉（2019）。華人家庭動態資料庫的建立-中國大陸家庭動態社會調查計畫 (2019)【原始數據】。
尹海偉、徐建剛、孔繁花，2009。「上海城市綠地宜人性對房價的影響」，「 生態學報」。 29卷，8期，4492-4500。
朱傳廣、唐焱、吳群，2014。「基於Hedonic模型的城市住宅地價影響因素研究——以南京市為例」，「 地域研究與開發」。33期，3期，156-160。
谷一楨、鄭思齊，2007。「軌道交通對周邊住宅價格和土地開發強度的影響：以北京市13號線為例」，「中國城市發展與土地政策國際會議」。65卷，2期，213-223。
吳冬梅、郭忠興、陳會廣，2008。「城市居住區湖景生態景觀對住宅價格的影響——以南京市莫愁湖為例」，「資源科學」。30卷，10期，1503-1510。
洪世鍵、周玉，2016。「基於特徵價格法的學區房價格外溢效應探討——以廈門島為例」，「建築經濟」。37卷，2期，65-69。
馬思新、李昂，2003。「基於 Hedonic 模型的北京住宅價格影響因素分析」，「土木工程學報」。36卷，9期，59-64。
郝前進、陳傑，2007。「到CBD距離，交通可達性與上海住宅價格的地理空間差異」，「世界經濟文匯」。1卷，1期，22-35。
郭文剛、崔新明、溫海珍，2006。「城市住宅特徵價格分析：對杭州市的實證研究」，「經濟地理」。26卷，S1期, 172-175。
陳永偉、陳立中，2012。「為清潔空氣定價:來自中國青島的經驗證據」，「世界經濟」。2012年，4期，140-160。
陳宜慶，2016。「工資, 房價及氣候與空氣品質之價值」。碩士論文，國立政治大學經濟學研究所。
張博、黃璿，2017。「中國空氣質量價格的評估」，「 經濟與管理研究」。38卷，10期，94-103。
馮皓、陸銘，2010。「通過買房而擇校：教育影響房價的經驗證據與政策含義」，「世界經濟」。2012年，12期，89-104。
蔡明哲，2015。「台灣都會區氣候條件與空氣品質之價值評估——特徵價格法之應用」。碩士論文，國立臺北大學自然資訊與環境管理研究所。
蕭代基、鄭蕙燕、吳珮瑛、錢玉蘭、溫麗琪，2002。「環境保護之成本效益分析：理論、方法與應用」。台北：俊傑書局。
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟學系
108258045
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108258045
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蕭代基zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Shaw, Dai-Geeen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林瀅灩zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Ying-Yanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林瀅灩zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Ying-Yanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2021en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2021 17:45:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2021 17:45:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2021 17:45:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108258045en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/137068-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108258045zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究運用來自華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics, PSFD）、統計年鑒、政府工作報告與國民經濟和社會發展統計公報之中國大陸閩浙滬2017年與2019年之地級與縣級行政區的橫截面數據，將房屋交易市場區隔為福建省、浙江省、上海市三大市場，應用特徵價格法（Hedonic Price Method, HPM）就氣候與空氣品質對房屋年租金的影響問題進行普通最小平方法迴歸分析，進而估計出氣候之邊際願付價值。迴歸模型以房屋年租金為應變數，以氣候、空氣品質與房屋其他特徵變數為自變數，其中氣候指標為一七兩月月均溫與月均雨量，以及年均雨量，空氣品質指標為細顆粒物（PM2.5）之歷史平均空氣品質指數。透過本研究實證結果可知，上海市家戶喜愛居住於冬季溫暖七月少雨之地區，在閩浙兩省，夏季涼爽全年少雨的氣候更受家戶喜愛；在邊際願付價值(marginal willingness to pay, MWTP)評估方面，當一月月均溫上升1℃，每個上海市家戶願付4.666萬元人民幣，相反的，較少的七月月均雨量被視為良好環境品質特徵，七月月均雨量減少1mm，每個上海市家戶願付1.159萬元人民幣；當七月月均溫下降1℃，居住於浙江省與福建省之每個家戶分別願付1.461與0.473萬元人民幣，年均雨量減少1mm，分別願付0.0195與0.0302萬元人民幣；值得注意的是，空氣品質與房屋年租金之間無論在何地皆無顯著之負相關關係，本研究認為其原因是為當時上海市與浙江省的平均空氣品質指數約為100，福建省更是只有約80，都為普通的空氣品質，相比空氣品質不好的北方地區，在閩浙滬空氣品質尚未成為民眾選擇住址時的考慮因素。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper first estimates the hedonic housing price functions in Fujian, Zhejiang and Shanghai, respectively, using the cross-sectional data of prefecture-level or county-level cities from the PSFD database, Statistical Yearbook, Government Work Report, Statistics Communique on National Economic and Social Development in 2017 and 2019. The regression model takes the annual housing rent as the dependent variable, and the environment and other characteristics as the independent variables. Then, this paper studies the impact of climate and air quality on housing prices and estimates the marginal willingness to pay of climate using the estimated hedonic housing price functions. We find that Shanghai households prefer warmer winter and dryer summer, and Zhejiang and Fujian households prefer cooler summer and dryer all year round. Using the marginal willingness to pay, we find that every Shanghai household is willing to pay RMB 46,660 for a 1℃ higher January temperature, RMB 1,1590 for 1 mm lower July precipitation. When the July temperature drops by 1℃, every household in Zhejiang and Fujian is willing to pay RMB 14,610 and RMB 4,730 respectively. The estimated marginal willingness to pay from 1mm less annul precipitation for each household in the two provinces are around RMB 195 and RMB 473, respectively. We find no significant negative correlation between air quality and annual housing rent. Therefore, we can conclude that the average AQI of Shanghai and Zhejiang is about 100, the average AQI of Fujian is even only 80 at that time, AQI 100 and 80 mean that the air quality is moderate. Compared with the northern region with poor air quality, fresh air is yet a concern when people choose where to live when the air quality levels are moderate.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法與對象 3
第三節 研究流程 8
第四節 研究創新 9
第二章 文獻回顧 10
第一節 環境品質價值估計方法 10
第二節 特徵價格法之概述 12
第三章 理論架構 16
第一節 特徵價值之理論分析 16
第二節 特徵價格函數之估計 19
第四章 資料與變數說明 20
第一節 資料說明與處理 20
第二節 變數說明 29
第三節 變數基本分析 36
第五章 實證模型分析 38
第一節 模型設定 38
第二節 特徵價格函數之估計 40
第六章 總結 46
第一節 研究結論 46
第二節 不足與展望 47
附錄1：各行政區年均房價 48
附錄2：詳細空氣品質資料 50
參考文獻 53		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1745473 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108258045en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 特徵價格法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 氣候與空氣品質之價值zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 邊際願付價值zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實證研究zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Hedonic Price Methoden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Climateen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Air qualityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Marginal Willingness to Payen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Empirical studyen_US
dc.title (題名) 中國大陸閩浙滬三地氣候與空氣品質對房價之影響及其價值評估zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Measuring the hedonic housing prices and the values of climate and air quality in Fujian, Zhejiang and Shanghaien_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 于若蓉（2017）。華人家庭動態資料庫的建立-中國大陸家庭動態社會調查計畫 (2017)【原始數據】。
于若蓉（2019）。華人家庭動態資料庫的建立-中國大陸家庭動態社會調查計畫 (2019)【原始數據】。
尹海偉、徐建剛、孔繁花，2009。「上海城市綠地宜人性對房價的影響」，「 生態學報」。 29卷，8期，4492-4500。
朱傳廣、唐焱、吳群，2014。「基於Hedonic模型的城市住宅地價影響因素研究——以南京市為例」，「 地域研究與開發」。33期，3期，156-160。
谷一楨、鄭思齊，2007。「軌道交通對周邊住宅價格和土地開發強度的影響：以北京市13號線為例」，「中國城市發展與土地政策國際會議」。65卷，2期，213-223。
吳冬梅、郭忠興、陳會廣，2008。「城市居住區湖景生態景觀對住宅價格的影響——以南京市莫愁湖為例」，「資源科學」。30卷，10期，1503-1510。
洪世鍵、周玉，2016。「基於特徵價格法的學區房價格外溢效應探討——以廈門島為例」，「建築經濟」。37卷，2期，65-69。
馬思新、李昂，2003。「基於 Hedonic 模型的北京住宅價格影響因素分析」，「土木工程學報」。36卷，9期，59-64。
郝前進、陳傑，2007。「到CBD距離，交通可達性與上海住宅價格的地理空間差異」，「世界經濟文匯」。1卷，1期，22-35。
郭文剛、崔新明、溫海珍，2006。「城市住宅特徵價格分析：對杭州市的實證研究」，「經濟地理」。26卷，S1期, 172-175。
陳永偉、陳立中，2012。「為清潔空氣定價:來自中國青島的經驗證據」，「世界經濟」。2012年，4期，140-160。
陳宜慶，2016。「工資, 房價及氣候與空氣品質之價值」。碩士論文，國立政治大學經濟學研究所。
張博、黃璿，2017。「中國空氣質量價格的評估」，「 經濟與管理研究」。38卷，10期，94-103。
馮皓、陸銘，2010。「通過買房而擇校：教育影響房價的經驗證據與政策含義」，「世界經濟」。2012年，12期，89-104。
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202101262en_US