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題名 從現實建構主義分析1979年後沙烏地阿拉伯王國與伊朗伊斯蘭共和國之競逐
The analysis of the post-1979 rivalry between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran through Realist Constructivism作者 林茵茵
Lin, Yin-Yin貢獻者 張景安
林茵茵
Lin, Yin-Yin關鍵詞 沙國—伊朗競逐關係
地緣政治競逐
教派主義
Saudi-Iranian rivalry
Geopolitical competition
Sectarianism日期 2022 上傳時間 10-二月-2022 13:26:29 (UTC+8) 摘要 1979年伊朗革命的爆發導致伊朗既有的巴勒維政權被推翻，引發後續中東地區政治格局一系列的轉變。隨著伊朗新政府外交路線轉向，沙烏地阿拉伯王國和伊朗的關係也急轉直下，兩國逐漸發展出在政治及宗教立場相對的競逐狀態。從1979年發展至今，兩國競逐程度與擴及領域都有日漸擴大的趨勢，今日其競逐也延伸至區域內的代理人衝突，兩國的緊張情勢又被形容為中東地區的冷戰。本文將以Barkin提出的現實建構主義（Realist Constructivism）分析沙國—伊朗競逐架構下的衝突面向及其形成軌跡，並依據現實建構主義框架內權力結構因素、規範結構因素，及兩因素的交互作用解釋沙國與伊朗之競逐發展。藉由以上三個面向的討論，可釐清沙國與伊朗於權力結構因素所生之衝突，以及教派主義對兩國競逐之影響。同時，權力結構因素與規範結構因素之交互作用亦能解釋兩國競逐自1979年至今之發展過程。通過前述探討，可發現於沙國—伊朗競逐中，權力結構因素與規範結構因素兼具影響力，且會以不同形式對競逐產生作用。前者以地緣政治影響力競逐為主軸，並衍生於安全及經濟面向之衝突；後者則可見兩國對內及對外政策輸出與教派主義之間存在相互強化之循環。此外，本文亦發現權力結構因素與規範結構因素間存在相互影響之特性，並導致兩國競逐規模自1979年起逐步擴大。針對以上發現，筆者認為沙國與伊朗政府應審慎考量以教派主義作為政治權力競逐工具之潛在風險，並減少對教派身份之強調。如此一來，可避免加劇區域不穩定性，亦可防止遜尼派與什葉派國家之衝突進一步擴大。
The outbreak of the Iranian Revolution in 1979 led to the overthrow of the Pahlavi regime in Iran, triggering a series of changes in the political situation of the Middle East. As the Iranian government`s foreign policies changed, the relationship between Saudi Arabia and Iran has also deteriorated. The two countries have competed in terms of political and religious aspects since 1979, and the scope of competition has also expanded. Today, some scholars even describe the Saudi-Iranian rivalry as the Cold War in the Middle East.This article will use Realist Constructivism to analyze the Saudi-Iranian rivalry since 1979. Realist Constructivism contains the power structure, normative structure, and interaction of the two. In the discussion of the power structure and normative structure, we can explore the influence of material interest conflict and sectarianism on rivalry. On the other hand, the interaction of the power structure and normative structure accounts for the Saudi-Iranian rivalry evolution since 1979. This article argues that the power structure and normative structure are both influential to the Saudi-Iranian rivalry, and they will play a role in different forms. The former is dominated by the competition for geopolitical influence, while security and economic conflicts are derivative disputes. The latter affects the Saudi-Iranian rivalry by a mutually reinforcing cycle between the governments` policies and sectarianism. Additionally, the second argument is the existence of mutual influence between the power structure and normative structure, which has led to the outspread of rivalry since 1979. In response to the above findings, the author suggests that the Saudi and Iranian governments should carefully examine the potential risks of using sectarianism as a tool for political rivalry and reduce the emphasis on sectarian identity. 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Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oil-iran-idUSKBN1O30MI 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
中東與中亞研究碩士學位學程
108560006資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108560006 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 張景安 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 林茵茵 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Lin, Yin-Yin en_US dc.creator (作者) 林茵茵 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Yin-Yin en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 10-二月-2022 13:26:29 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 10-二月-2022 13:26:29 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-二月-2022 13:26:29 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0108560006 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/139022 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 中東與中亞研究碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108560006 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 1979年伊朗革命的爆發導致伊朗既有的巴勒維政權被推翻，引發後續中東地區政治格局一系列的轉變。隨著伊朗新政府外交路線轉向，沙烏地阿拉伯王國和伊朗的關係也急轉直下，兩國逐漸發展出在政治及宗教立場相對的競逐狀態。從1979年發展至今，兩國競逐程度與擴及領域都有日漸擴大的趨勢，今日其競逐也延伸至區域內的代理人衝突，兩國的緊張情勢又被形容為中東地區的冷戰。本文將以Barkin提出的現實建構主義（Realist Constructivism）分析沙國—伊朗競逐架構下的衝突面向及其形成軌跡，並依據現實建構主義框架內權力結構因素、規範結構因素，及兩因素的交互作用解釋沙國與伊朗之競逐發展。藉由以上三個面向的討論，可釐清沙國與伊朗於權力結構因素所生之衝突，以及教派主義對兩國競逐之影響。同時，權力結構因素與規範結構因素之交互作用亦能解釋兩國競逐自1979年至今之發展過程。通過前述探討，可發現於沙國—伊朗競逐中，權力結構因素與規範結構因素兼具影響力，且會以不同形式對競逐產生作用。前者以地緣政治影響力競逐為主軸，並衍生於安全及經濟面向之衝突；後者則可見兩國對內及對外政策輸出與教派主義之間存在相互強化之循環。此外，本文亦發現權力結構因素與規範結構因素間存在相互影響之特性，並導致兩國競逐規模自1979年起逐步擴大。針對以上發現，筆者認為沙國與伊朗政府應審慎考量以教派主義作為政治權力競逐工具之潛在風險，並減少對教派身份之強調。如此一來，可避免加劇區域不穩定性，亦可防止遜尼派與什葉派國家之衝突進一步擴大。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The outbreak of the Iranian Revolution in 1979 led to the overthrow of the Pahlavi regime in Iran, triggering a series of changes in the political situation of the Middle East. As the Iranian government`s foreign policies changed, the relationship between Saudi Arabia and Iran has also deteriorated. The two countries have competed in terms of political and religious aspects since 1979, and the scope of competition has also expanded. Today, some scholars even describe the Saudi-Iranian rivalry as the Cold War in the Middle East.This article will use Realist Constructivism to analyze the Saudi-Iranian rivalry since 1979. Realist Constructivism contains the power structure, normative structure, and interaction of the two. In the discussion of the power structure and normative structure, we can explore the influence of material interest conflict and sectarianism on rivalry. On the other hand, the interaction of the power structure and normative structure accounts for the Saudi-Iranian rivalry evolution since 1979. This article argues that the power structure and normative structure are both influential to the Saudi-Iranian rivalry, and they will play a role in different forms. The former is dominated by the competition for geopolitical influence, while security and economic conflicts are derivative disputes. The latter affects the Saudi-Iranian rivalry by a mutually reinforcing cycle between the governments` policies and sectarianism. Additionally, the second argument is the existence of mutual influence between the power structure and normative structure, which has led to the outspread of rivalry since 1979. In response to the above findings, the author suggests that the Saudi and Iranian governments should carefully examine the potential risks of using sectarianism as a tool for political rivalry and reduce the emphasis on sectarian identity. In this way, it can avoid regional instability exacerbation and prevent the tension between Sunni and Shiite countries from further rising. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 8第一節 研究動機與目的 8第二節 文獻回顧 9第三節 研究問題 28第四節 分析框架 31第五節 研究方法 35第六節 研究限制 36第七節 章節安排 37第二章 權力結構因素對競逐狀態之影響 39第一節 國家安全問題 40第二節 經濟資源競爭 47第三節 地緣政治影響力的角逐 53第四節 權力結構因素矛盾對兩國競逐之影響 65第三章 規範結構因素對競逐狀態之影響 69第一節 伊斯蘭教於兩國統治之重要性 70第二節 教派主義對兩國內部政策之影響 82第三節 教派主義與兩國區域活動之關聯 88第四節 規範結構因素矛盾對兩國競逐之影響 93第四章 權力結構因素與規範結構因素互動對競逐狀態之影響 96第一節 1979年伊朗革命對兩國競逐之推動：雙方規範結構之重大分歧及政治權力結構之初分 97第二節 2003年伊拉克戰爭對兩國競逐之推動：教派主義成長下雙方陣營的權力集中化 106第三節 2011年阿拉伯之春對兩國競逐之推動：教派主義再成長與多國衝突表象的教派化 114第四節 權力結構因素與規範結構因素互動對兩國競逐之推動 122第五章 結論 125參考文獻 129 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2192342 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108560006 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 沙國—伊朗競逐關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地緣政治競逐 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教派主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Saudi-Iranian rivalry en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Geopolitical competition en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sectarianism en_US dc.title (題名) 從現實建構主義分析1979年後沙烏地阿拉伯王國與伊朗伊斯蘭共和國之競逐 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The analysis of the post-1979 rivalry between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran through Realist Constructivism en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文期刊崔進揆（2017）。衝出封鎖線？伊朗與「什葉新月」勢力之建構。歐亞研究，1，31-40。陳立樵（2021）。2021年伊朗與中國大陸簽署合作協議的觀察及歷史反思。展望與探索，19(5)，21-28。英文文獻Adib-Moghaddam, Arshin. 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