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題名 面向元宇宙之基於非同質化代幣(NFT)區塊鏈智能合約之藝術品媒合平台
A Matching Service Platform for Artwork Based on Non-Fungible Token Aided Smart Contract and Blockchain towards Metaverses作者 魏千芃
Wei, Chien-Peng貢獻者 姜國輝<br>劉文卿
Chiang, Guo-Huei<br>Liu, Wen-Ching
魏千芃
Wei, Chien-Peng關鍵詞 社群媒合拍賣
高價再製品憑證化
藝術品
區塊鏈
智能合約
Social media auctions
High-priced reproduction vouchers
Artworks
Blockchain
Smart contract日期 2022 上傳時間 1-Aug-2022 17:26:05 (UTC+8) 摘要 在傳統的藝術品交易市場中，最大的困難點是真偽的辨識以及價值的鑑定，雖然透過拍賣的方式，可以對價格獲得一定程度之解決，但真假辨識仍然是難題。對藝術家而言，每次轉售藝術品時應可持續獲得利潤，然現實中常常因無法追溯交易紀錄而導致無從求償。此外，藝術品交易通常涉及大量資金流，故時有資金需求。區塊鏈具無法竄改的特性，透過可公開查詢的藝術品交易紀錄，可對真偽性提供最具公信力的保障，甚至可以形成藝術品履歷。同時，因其具有公開透明性，透過追溯每筆轉手的交易紀錄，可保障原創作者的權益，確保每次轉賣得到應有利潤。然而，投資者仍時常需抵押藝術品方得融資。綜上所述，本研究是基於區塊鏈技術，應用加密貨幣，以提供藝術品的複製品或衍生品交易的服務，不只可以讓使用者線上參與藝術品的拍賣，同時結合多種拍賣方式及功能，如三拍落槌或延後結標等機制，供賣家制定商業策略，或因應標的特性，選擇合適的方式進行拍賣。同時，區塊鏈具有加密性質，所有交易均可安全執行。在藝術品的種類，我們提供藝術衍生品交易，並透過智能合約運行的驗證機制，達成公平公開的交易；亦提供複製品交易，透過數位貨幣的技術發行限量的複製品，使其保有其價值。應用區塊鏈公開透明的特性，確保藝術家可以獲取版稅利潤，保障其著作權，也保證該複製品的絕對來源。另一方面，複製品亦可進行再創作，其二創帶來的歷史意義，能使其具有如真品般的價值。在資金需求方面，我們結合了P2P借貸平台，且背後由智能合約運行，用戶可簡易的享有快速安全的融資服務。而買家亦可直接選用借貸下標，除了可以把握在拍賣時限內挑選自己喜愛的商品，同時也可降低買家融資的負擔。平台內所有的交易過程，中間皆不經平台控制，均由智能合約自動執行，此可為使用者帶來更有保障且公正的服務，並結合了借貸功能，為使用者提供一站式的服務。
Traditionally, the problem of art trading is authenticity identification and price recommendation. The price can be solved to a certain extent through auction, but the problem of authenticity is still a difficult problem. For artists, they should continue to make a profit when they resell their artworks, but in reality, they often have no way of recourse because they cannot trace the transaction records. In addition, art transactions often involve significant capital flows. With cannot be modified feature of blockchain, and provide the best guarantee for the authenticity and transaction records of artworks, even form artwork resumes. At the same time, because of its openness and transparency, it is expected to protect the rights and interests of original authors and ensure that a certain profit will be recorded for each resale. However, investors still often need to collateralize artwork to get financing.To sum up, this research is based on the technology of blockchain. It provides a platform for auction of derivatives and reproductions of artworks through cryptocurrencies, allowing users to participate in the auction online, and combines various auction methods, such as dropping the hammer or delaying the closing to allow sellers conduct auctions according to the characteristics of the target. At the same time, the blockchain is encrypted which means all transactions can be executed securely. In the category of artworks, we provide art derivatives, and achieve fair and open transactions through the verification mechanism run by smart contracts; we also provide replica transactions, which use digital currency technology to issue limited copies to keep their value. Applying the open and transparent features of the blockchain, it ensures artists can protect their copyrights and ensure the absolute source. On the other hand, replicas can also be recreated, and the historical significance can make them as valuable as the real ones. In terms of capital requirements, we have combined a P2P lending platform with smart contracts running behind it, so users can easily enjoy fast and secure financing services. Buyers can also directly use borrowing to bid, not only can they bid within the auction time limit, but also reduce the burden on buyers of financing. All transactions in the platform are carried out by smart contracts and are not controlled by the platform that users can enjoy fair services. With combined the loan function, it provides users with one-stop services.參考文獻 Allyn, B. (2021, March). What`s An NFT? And Why Are People Paying Millions To Buy Them?. NPR.Baldwin, C. Y., & Woodard, C. J. (2009). The architecture of platforms: A unified view. Platforms, markets and innovation, 32, 19-44.Bamakan, S. M. H., Nezhadsistani, N., Bodaghi, O., & Qu, Q. (2021). 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Ethereum project yellow paper, 151(2014), 1-32.Whitaker, A. (2018). Artist as owner not guarantor: The art market from the artist’s point of view. Visual Resources, 34(1-2), 48-64.林聖祐（2017）。比特幣是什麼？讓發明人中本聰的論文告訴你。關鍵評論網。取自https://www.inside.com.tw/article/9464-bitcoin-a-peer-to-peer-electronic-cash-system-i。林啟禎 （2011年3月5日）。利他教育的反思【部落格文字資料】。取自https://blog.xuite.net/mark62lin/twblog/151004189 。張元朋（2018）。區塊鏈智慧合約於P2P借貸平台的應用與實作。大同大學資訊經營學系(所)碩士論文，台北市。 取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/v9t58u。陳恭 （2017）。智能合約的發展與應用。財經資訊季刊 第90號。陳懿文（2019）。普惠金融助非洲小農貸款。取自https://tw.appledaily.com/property/20191222/XVDWBVMBSUWDD7LI67QBEATO6E/。慕智（2019）。一個基於區塊鏈之拍賣平台。國立清華大學資訊系統與應用研究所碩士論文，新竹市。 取自https://hdl.handle.net/11296/9d7fv8。Elponcho（2020）。什麼是ERC-1155? Enjin技術長：可代表NFT或錢的多重代幣標準。鏈新聞。取自https://www.abmedia.io/what-is-erc-1155。Yahsin Huang（2018）。不可不知淺談ERC721與 ERC20。區塊客。取自 https://blockcast.it/2018/04/07/erc721-erc20-ethereum-token-standard/ 。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
109356046資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109356046 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 姜國輝<br>劉文卿 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chiang, Guo-Huei<br>Liu, Wen-Ching en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 魏千芃 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wei, Chien-Peng en_US dc.creator (作者) 魏千芃 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Wei, Chien-Peng en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Aug-2022 17:26:05 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Aug-2022 17:26:05 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Aug-2022 17:26:05 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109356046 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141048 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊管理學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109356046 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在傳統的藝術品交易市場中，最大的困難點是真偽的辨識以及價值的鑑定，雖然透過拍賣的方式，可以對價格獲得一定程度之解決，但真假辨識仍然是難題。對藝術家而言，每次轉售藝術品時應可持續獲得利潤，然現實中常常因無法追溯交易紀錄而導致無從求償。此外，藝術品交易通常涉及大量資金流，故時有資金需求。區塊鏈具無法竄改的特性，透過可公開查詢的藝術品交易紀錄，可對真偽性提供最具公信力的保障，甚至可以形成藝術品履歷。同時，因其具有公開透明性，透過追溯每筆轉手的交易紀錄，可保障原創作者的權益，確保每次轉賣得到應有利潤。然而，投資者仍時常需抵押藝術品方得融資。綜上所述，本研究是基於區塊鏈技術，應用加密貨幣，以提供藝術品的複製品或衍生品交易的服務，不只可以讓使用者線上參與藝術品的拍賣，同時結合多種拍賣方式及功能，如三拍落槌或延後結標等機制，供賣家制定商業策略，或因應標的特性，選擇合適的方式進行拍賣。同時，區塊鏈具有加密性質，所有交易均可安全執行。在藝術品的種類，我們提供藝術衍生品交易，並透過智能合約運行的驗證機制，達成公平公開的交易；亦提供複製品交易，透過數位貨幣的技術發行限量的複製品，使其保有其價值。應用區塊鏈公開透明的特性，確保藝術家可以獲取版稅利潤，保障其著作權，也保證該複製品的絕對來源。另一方面，複製品亦可進行再創作，其二創帶來的歷史意義，能使其具有如真品般的價值。在資金需求方面，我們結合了P2P借貸平台，且背後由智能合約運行，用戶可簡易的享有快速安全的融資服務。而買家亦可直接選用借貸下標，除了可以把握在拍賣時限內挑選自己喜愛的商品，同時也可降低買家融資的負擔。平台內所有的交易過程，中間皆不經平台控制，均由智能合約自動執行，此可為使用者帶來更有保障且公正的服務，並結合了借貸功能，為使用者提供一站式的服務。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Traditionally, the problem of art trading is authenticity identification and price recommendation. The price can be solved to a certain extent through auction, but the problem of authenticity is still a difficult problem. For artists, they should continue to make a profit when they resell their artworks, but in reality, they often have no way of recourse because they cannot trace the transaction records. In addition, art transactions often involve significant capital flows. With cannot be modified feature of blockchain, and provide the best guarantee for the authenticity and transaction records of artworks, even form artwork resumes. At the same time, because of its openness and transparency, it is expected to protect the rights and interests of original authors and ensure that a certain profit will be recorded for each resale. However, investors still often need to collateralize artwork to get financing.To sum up, this research is based on the technology of blockchain. It provides a platform for auction of derivatives and reproductions of artworks through cryptocurrencies, allowing users to participate in the auction online, and combines various auction methods, such as dropping the hammer or delaying the closing to allow sellers conduct auctions according to the characteristics of the target. At the same time, the blockchain is encrypted which means all transactions can be executed securely. In the category of artworks, we provide art derivatives, and achieve fair and open transactions through the verification mechanism run by smart contracts; we also provide replica transactions, which use digital currency technology to issue limited copies to keep their value. Applying the open and transparent features of the blockchain, it ensures artists can protect their copyrights and ensure the absolute source. On the other hand, replicas can also be recreated, and the historical significance can make them as valuable as the real ones. In terms of capital requirements, we have combined a P2P lending platform with smart contracts running behind it, so users can easily enjoy fast and secure financing services. Buyers can also directly use borrowing to bid, not only can they bid within the auction time limit, but also reduce the burden on buyers of financing. All transactions in the platform are carried out by smart contracts and are not controlled by the platform that users can enjoy fair services. With combined the loan function, it provides users with one-stop services. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景與動機 1第二節 研究目的 1第三節 論文架構 2第二章 文獻探討 3第一節 區塊鏈 3一、 區塊鏈起源 3二、 地址和交易 3第二節 以太坊 4第三節 智能合約 5第四節 代幣(Token) 5一、 Token 5二、 ERC20代幣標準 6三、 ERC865代幣標準 6四、 ERC1132代幣標準 7五、 ERC721代幣標準 7六、 ERC1155代幣標準 7第五節 非同質化代幣(NFT) 8一、 NFT 8二、 NFT與藝術產業 10第六節 區塊鏈的應用 10一、 藝術品交易 10二、 線上拍賣 11三、 P2P借貸 11第七節 元宇宙 12一、 元宇宙 12二、 元宇宙與NFT 12第八節 平台經濟與API經濟 13第九節 普惠金融與利他主義 15第三章 研究方法 17第一節 研究架構 18一、 平台參與者 18二、 平台內容 19三、 平台功能 19四、 平台經營策略 23第二節 平台與智能合約之互動 24一、 會員系統與智能合約之關係 24二、 加密貨幣匯兌功能與智能合約之關係 25三、 藝術家與智能合約之關係 25四、 賣家與智能合約之關係 27五、 買家與智能合約之關係 28六、 投資者與智能合約之關係 30七、 資金需求者與智能合約之關係 31第四章 研究結果 33第一節 系統工具 33一、 Django框架 33二、 Web3 33三、 Database 35四、 MetaMask 35五、 Infura 36六、 RemixIDE 37第二節 系統架構 39一、 系統元件串接 39二、 使用者操作流程 40三、 系統運作流程 45第三節 線上藝術品交易痛點解決 47一、 傳統藝術品交易痛點 47二、 強化使用者體驗 47三、 保障使用者權益 47第四節 智能合約編譯 48一、 匯兌ERC865合約 48二、 創建NFT合約 51三、 拍賣合約 51四、 借貸合約 52五、 驗證機制 53六、 鎖定機制 53第五節 頁面呈現 55一、 首頁 55二、 拍賣商品列表 57三、 拍賣商品描述 58四、 借貸平台 59五、 用戶帳號資產 61六、 創建NFT 62七、 創建拍賣 64第五章 結論與建議 65第一節 研究結論 65一、 主要問題 65二、 附加價值 65第二節 未來展望 66第三節 研究貢獻與結語 67第六章 參考文獻 69第一節 英文文獻 69第二節 中文文獻 74 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3532945 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109356046 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社群媒合拍賣 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 高價再製品憑證化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 藝術品 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區塊鏈 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智能合約 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social media auctions en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) High-priced reproduction vouchers en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Artworks en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Blockchain en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Smart contract en_US dc.title (題名) 面向元宇宙之基於非同質化代幣(NFT)區塊鏈智能合約之藝術品媒合平台 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Matching Service Platform for Artwork Based on Non-Fungible Token Aided Smart Contract and Blockchain towards Metaverses en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Allyn, B. 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