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題名 事實查核課程對年長者辨別網路訊息影響之研究
The effects of fact-check courses on fact-checking skills and misinformation detection in older adults
作者 司徒詩云
Szeto, Shih-Yun
貢獻者 林怡潔
Lin, Yi-Chieh
司徒詩云
Szeto, Shih-Yun
關鍵詞 假訊息
錯假訊息
樂齡
事實查核課程
False information
misinformation
older adults
fact-check courses
日期 2022
上傳時間 2-Sep-2022 15:12:34 (UTC+8)
摘要 由於樂齡長輩並非出生、成長於資訊蓬勃的網路世代，所以不太熟悉網路的多元內容與生態，因此使得他們更容易受到錯假信息的影響。為了解決這個問題，近年政府和一些非政府組織設計了各種課程來提高年長者的媒體素養和增進事實查核技能。然而，目前仍相當缺乏對事實查核課程介入效果之相關研究的研究。為此，本論文的研究目的為瞭解事實查核課程如何影響年長者評估網路資訊的能力，面對網路謠言和錯假訊息，課程是否能增進老年人的批判媒體素養、增進事實查核使用工具的能力。本研究使用混合研究方法，包括實驗法及針對手機班老師的訪談(N=9)。本研究應用媒體素養框架，探討長者的媒體釋讀能力和應用事實核查的相關工具（例如：社交機器人、以圖搜圖）如何影響他們評估網路上具有錯假訊息風險的資訊。
這些事實查核課程為期兩個月，參加本研究的長者平均年齡為 75 歲（N=52），研究後測結果顯示長者在參加事實查核課程後大幅提升老年人偵測網路謠言和事實查核的能力。自我報告數據顯示相關指標的平均得分從 2 分增加到 5 分，而82%的參與者上完課之後都能順利完成事實查核的相關題目實作測驗。相比之下，前後測的結果顯示對照組（N=29）的年長者沒有顯著改善能力，也無法完成事實查核實作測驗。儘管本研究中人口統計因素對年長者的事實查核能力表現之影響未達到數據上的顯著水準，但研究中的受訪者則觀察到，都市化程度較高的地區年長者對社群媒體和網路生態有更深入的了解，並能夠了解更進階的錯假訊息相關概念，例如學習更複雜的事實查核工具。此外，有參與相關課程的長者在課程以外變得更加主動提醒他人不要分享疑似錯假訊息的網路文章。
As digital immigrants, older adults are less familiar with online information, making them more vulnerable to false information. To address this issue, various courses have been designed by the government or non-governmental organizations to enhance older adults’ digital literacy and fact-checking skills. However, there are few studies done to evaluate the ffects of these interventions in alleviating the issue. Hence, this mixed-method paper utilizes semi-experimental questionnaires aimed at older adults who took part in the courses and interviews with the instructors (N=9) to examine the effect of fact-check training courses on older adults’ media literacy skills. Applying the media literacy framework, this research looked at how older adults’ critical consuming and fact-checking skills, such as utilizing social bot fact-checking applications and Google Lens, influence their ability to evaluate online content and potentially false information.
The courses were conducted over a span of two months and the older adults with a mean age of 75 participated in the training (N=52). Results indicated that they had greatly
improved their ability to detect and fact-check online information. Their average scores for self-reported data increased from 2 to 5 and 82% of the participants could complete all the experimental tasks. In contrast, the older adults in the control group (N=29) could not complete the assigned experimental tasks. Although the demographics factors did not significantly influence the older adults’ performance in this study, the interviewees observed that older adults in urbanized regions had a better understanding of the online community and could process more advanced concepts, such as learning more complex fact-checking tools. Additionally, older adults in the treatment group became more active outside of classes, such as reminding others within their Line group chats to not share potentially false online content.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
108461002
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108461002
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林怡潔zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Yi-Chiehen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 司徒詩云zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Szeto, Shih-Yunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 司徒詩云zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Szeto, Shih-Yunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2022en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2022 15:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2022 15:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2022 15:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108461002en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141675-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 108461002zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 由於樂齡長輩並非出生、成長於資訊蓬勃的網路世代，所以不太熟悉網路的多元內容與生態，因此使得他們更容易受到錯假信息的影響。為了解決這個問題，近年政府和一些非政府組織設計了各種課程來提高年長者的媒體素養和增進事實查核技能。然而，目前仍相當缺乏對事實查核課程介入效果之相關研究的研究。為此，本論文的研究目的為瞭解事實查核課程如何影響年長者評估網路資訊的能力，面對網路謠言和錯假訊息，課程是否能增進老年人的批判媒體素養、增進事實查核使用工具的能力。本研究使用混合研究方法，包括實驗法及針對手機班老師的訪談(N=9)。本研究應用媒體素養框架，探討長者的媒體釋讀能力和應用事實核查的相關工具（例如：社交機器人、以圖搜圖）如何影響他們評估網路上具有錯假訊息風險的資訊。
這些事實查核課程為期兩個月，參加本研究的長者平均年齡為 75 歲（N=52），研究後測結果顯示長者在參加事實查核課程後大幅提升老年人偵測網路謠言和事實查核的能力。自我報告數據顯示相關指標的平均得分從 2 分增加到 5 分，而82%的參與者上完課之後都能順利完成事實查核的相關題目實作測驗。相比之下，前後測的結果顯示對照組（N=29）的年長者沒有顯著改善能力，也無法完成事實查核實作測驗。儘管本研究中人口統計因素對年長者的事實查核能力表現之影響未達到數據上的顯著水準，但研究中的受訪者則觀察到，都市化程度較高的地區年長者對社群媒體和網路生態有更深入的了解，並能夠了解更進階的錯假訊息相關概念，例如學習更複雜的事實查核工具。此外，有參與相關課程的長者在課程以外變得更加主動提醒他人不要分享疑似錯假訊息的網路文章。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) As digital immigrants, older adults are less familiar with online information, making them more vulnerable to false information. To address this issue, various courses have been designed by the government or non-governmental organizations to enhance older adults’ digital literacy and fact-checking skills. However, there are few studies done to evaluate the ffects of these interventions in alleviating the issue. Hence, this mixed-method paper utilizes semi-experimental questionnaires aimed at older adults who took part in the courses and interviews with the instructors (N=9) to examine the effect of fact-check training courses on older adults’ media literacy skills. Applying the media literacy framework, this research looked at how older adults’ critical consuming and fact-checking skills, such as utilizing social bot fact-checking applications and Google Lens, influence their ability to evaluate online content and potentially false information.
The courses were conducted over a span of two months and the older adults with a mean age of 75 participated in the training (N=52). Results indicated that they had greatly
improved their ability to detect and fact-check online information. Their average scores for self-reported data increased from 2 to 5 and 82% of the participants could complete all the experimental tasks. In contrast, the older adults in the control group (N=29) could not complete the assigned experimental tasks. Although the demographics factors did not significantly influence the older adults’ performance in this study, the interviewees observed that older adults in urbanized regions had a better understanding of the online community and could process more advanced concepts, such as learning more complex fact-checking tools. Additionally, older adults in the treatment group became more active outside of classes, such as reminding others within their Line group chats to not share potentially false online content.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgement 2
Abstract 3
Chapter 1 7
Introduction 7
1.1. Research Background 7
1.2 Research Purpose 10
1.3 Research Problem & Significance 11
1.4 Terms and definitions 12
Chapter 2 14
Literature Review 14
2.1 Media literacy training in the age of false information 14
2.2 Factors that influence older adults’ media literacy skills 17
2.3 Media literacy training for older adults 23
2.4 Fact-check literacy skills for older adults in Taiwan 26
2.5 Theoretical Model 29
Chapter 3 32
Methodology 32
3.1 Research Question 32
3.2 Participants 32
3.3 Intervention Details 34
3.4 Measures 35
3.4.1 Internet use and fact-checking skills 36
3.4.2 Understanding and responding to false information 37
3.4.3 Critical consuming for older adults 38
3.4.4 Experiment for fact-checking online content 39
3.4.5 Demographic Variables 39
3.4.6 Hypothesis Testing 40
3.5 Procedure 41
Chapter 4 44
Results 44
4.1 Quantitative Analysis 45
4.1.1 Effects of demographic variables on older adults’ media literacy skills 45
4.1.2 Effects of fact-check courses on older adults’ response to online information 46
4.1.3 Effects of fact-check courses on older adults’ media literacy skills 51
4.2 Qualitative Analysis 53
4.2.1 Identifying the problem 53
4.2.2 Identifying the influential factors for older adults’ learning proficiency 55
4.2.3 Evaluating media literacy resources 59
4.2.4 Examining the effects of media literacy education on older adults 62
Chapter 5 68
Conclusions & Discussions 68
5.1 Conclusions & Contributions 68
5.2 Limitations 71
5.3 Future Research 72
References 73
Appendix 85
Appendix I. 85
Questionnaire for Pretest 85
Appendix II. 92
Questionnaire for Post-test 92
Appendix III. 100
Interview Questions 100		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4392390 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108461002en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 假訊息zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 錯假訊息zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 樂齡zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 事實查核課程zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) False informationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) misinformationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) older adultsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) fact-check coursesen_US
dc.title (題名) 事實查核課程對年長者辨別網路訊息影響之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The effects of fact-check courses on fact-checking skills and misinformation detection in older adultsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202201471en_US