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題名 企業於新冠肺炎疫情下推動數位轉型策略的關鍵成功因素之研究-以A公司為例
A Case Study on the Key Success Factors to the Implementation of Digital Transformation Strategy During the Covid-19 Pandemic作者 高儀軒
Kao, Yi-Hsuan貢獻者 李易諭
Lee, Yih-Yuh
高儀軒
Kao, Yi-Hsuan關鍵詞 數位轉型
COVID-19疫情
關鍵成功因素
經營策略
零售業日期 2022 上傳時間 2-Sep-2022 15:48:23 (UTC+8) 摘要 近年數位浪潮興起，企業數位轉型議題並非新鮮事，新興科技的進步帶動產業升級與轉型壓力，卻仍有許多企業尚未開始推動數位轉型的策略制定。然而一場COVID-19 疫情衝擊影響全世界各國以及各行業，人們為降低感染風險避免群聚、確診人數短期內急遽上升，遠距辦公、生產自動化、供應鏈斷鏈、人力不足等多個現象在疫情爆發後一夕之間同時出現，使疫情成為強迫企業數位轉型的推手。縱使企業了解轉型的急迫性與優點，過去幾年遲遲沒有行動，直到疫情影響企業經營才開始著手數位轉型計畫，其背後的原因無非是受限於企業資源的分配，或是對轉型計畫的接觸不夠深入，進而導致投資無效、轉型失敗。本研究主角個案A 公司為實體零售鞋業，是COVID-19 疫情下受明顯影響的產業之一，不過A 公司早在2016 年開始規劃企業數位轉型的策略，執行至今邁入第六年，在執行的過程中恰逢疫情衝擊卻也因此可以檢視當前的轉型成效，透過訪談內容歸納出A 公司的七個數位轉型關鍵成功因素，瞭解其發展數位轉型的流程，同時探討疫情發生的當下，企業在財務表現、組織營運、經營策略三大構面所受到的影響。最後比對訪談內容後提出A 公司最為關鍵的三個成功因素，以及補充實務建議和研究限制，希望提供欲發展數位轉型的中小企業加以參考。
With the rise of the digital wave in recent years, the issue of enterprise digital transformation is not a new issue. The progress of emerging technologies has drivenindustrial upgrading and transformation pressure, but many enterprises have not yet begun to promote the development of digital transformation strategies. However, the impact of a covid-19 epidemic has affected countries and industries all over the world. Even if enterprises understand the urgency and advantages of digital transformation, most of them not willing to take the action in the past few years. They did not start the digital transformation plan until the epidemic affected their business operations. The reason behind that is simply limited by the allocation of enterprise resources or insufficient contact with the transformation plan, leading to ineffective investment and transformation failure.The physical retail industry, which is one of the industries significantly affected by the covid-19 epidemic. However, company began to plan the strategy of enterprisedigital transformation as early as 2016, and has entered the sixth year since its implementation. The case study company faced the COVID-19 epidemic during the process of digital transformation, but it also be a chance to test current transformation stages results. The research summarize the seven key success factors of company’s digital transformation through the interview content. Besides, we discuss the process of developing digital transformation, and explore the impact of the epidemic on the threeaspects of financial performance, organizational operation and business strategy.參考文獻 第一節 中文文獻王怡心(2020)，善用審計對抗疫情。會計研究月刊，415期，頁12-14。王素彎(2019)，零售業發展現況與展望。經濟前瞻期刊，181期，頁115-120。王維聰 (2021)。企業進行數位轉型的規劃思維。哈佛商業評論，2021年2 月數位版。https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/mentor/20157/planning-thinking-for-digitaltransformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10日。吳建華、謝發昱、黃俊峰、陳銘凱(2004)。個案研究。台北：高等教育文化。李世珍(2020)，後疫時代中小企業數位轉型之契機。國土及公共治理季刊，第八卷第四期，頁54-63。官佳霖 (2021)，數據驅動企業轉型，行銷科技應用成功案例。臺灣經濟研究月刊，44卷3期，頁113-120。林妙琴、林弘昌(2021)，新冠肺炎期間遠距上班對資訊業組織運作影響之初探。科技與人力教育季刊，7卷3期，頁121-145。林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)，質性研究方法：訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙研究季刊，3卷2期，頁122-136。林柏君(2020)，疫情衝擊下看中小企業數位轉型發展。經濟前瞻期刊，190 卷，頁58-61。邱俊榮(2020)，疫情對產業及就業市場影響之挑戰與因應。台灣勞工季刊，63期，頁14-20。財團法人資訊工業策進會(2020)，數位轉型化育者，網路出版：資策會https://www.iii.org.tw/Publish/eBook/DTS/ebook/mobile/index.html#p=II，擷取日期：2022 年6月15日。陳華昇(2022)，後疫情時代下冷鏈物流產業發展趨勢之分析。臺灣經濟研究月刊，45卷1期，頁80-86。萬文隆(2004)，深度訪談在質性研究中的應用。生活科技教育月刊，37卷4 期，頁17-23。歐宜佩、陳信宏(2018)，近期數位轉型發展趨勢之觀察。中華經濟研究院，頁94-99。謝明忠、吳宜靜(2021)，從零售消費產業看疫情下轉變。會計研究月刊，432期，頁100-105。詹文男、沈柏延(2020)。不只是導入資訊系統與流程改善，七大構面檢驗數位轉型。哈佛商業評論，https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article/19771/seven-dimensionstest-digital-transformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10 日。潘東傑(譯)。D. Carey, R. Charan, E. Lamarre, K. Smaje, R. Zemmel (2022)。執行長請閱讀：數位轉型成功指南。哈佛商業評論，https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article/20982/the-ceos-playbook-for-a-successfuldigital-transformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10 日。第二節 英文文獻Abbu, H. R., Fleischmann, D., & Gopalakrishna, P. (2021). The Digital Transformation of the Grocery Business-Driven by Consumers, Powered by Technology, and Accelerated by the COVID-19 Pandemic. World CIST 2021.Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1367, 329-339.Almeida, F., Santos, José Duarte Monteiro, José Augusto. (2020). The challenges and opportunities in the digitalization of companies in a post-COVID-19 World.IEEE Engineering Management Review, 48(3), 97-103.Andal-Ancion, A., Cartwright, P. A., & Yip, G. S. (2003). The digital transformation of traditional business. MIT Sloan Management Review, 44(4), 34.Artemenko, E. (2020). The roles of top management in digital transformation. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 940(1), 012014, IOP Publishing.Bai, C., Quayson, M., & Sarkis, J. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic digitization lessons for sustainable development of micro-and small-enterprises. Sustainable production and consumption, 27, 1989-2001.Bonnet, D., & Westerman, G. (2021). The new elements of digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 62(2), 82-89.Brownlow, J., Zaki, M., Neely, A., & Urmetzer, F. (2015). Data and analytics-datadriven business models: A Blueprint for Innovation. Cambridge Service Alliance, 7, 1-17.Di, P. (2021). The research and implementation in digital transformation ofmanufacturing enterprises. International Conference on Mechanical 75 Engineering, Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation Technology (MEMAT), Guilin, China.Gurbaxani, V., & Dunkle, D. (2019). Gearing up for successful digital transformation.MIS Quarterly Executive, 18(3), 209-220.Hartl, E., & Hess, T. (2017). The role of cultural values for digital transformation: Insights from a Delphi study. Twenty-third Americas Conference on Information Systems, Boston, United States.Henriette, E., Feki, M., & Boughzala, I. (2015). The shape of digital transformation: A systematic literature review. Ninth Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems (MCIS), Samos, Greece.Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 14(1-25).Kaushik, M., & Guleria, N. (2020). The impact of pandemic COVID-19 in workplace. European Journal of Business and Management, 12(15), 1-10.Leischnig, A., Wölfl, S., Ivens, B., & Hein, D. (2017). From digital business strategy to market performance: insights into key concepts and processes. International Conference on Information Systems 38th, Seoul, South Korea.Matt, C., Hess, T., & Benlian, A. (2015). Digital transformation strategies. Business & information systems engineering, 57(5), 339-343.Mhlungu, N. S., Chen, J. Y., & Alkema, P. (2019). The underlying factors of a successful organisational digital transformation. South African Journal of InformationManagement, 21(1), 1-10.Minichiello, V., Aroni, R., Timewell, E., & Alexander, L. (1995). In-Depth Interviewing: Principles, Techniques (2nd ed.). Longman Publishers.Ozili, P. K., & Arun, T. (2020). Spillover of COVID-19: impact on the Global Economy. Available at SSRN 3562570. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3562570Porter, M. E. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Harvard business review, 86(1), 25-40.Schwertner, K. (2017). Digital transformation of business. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 15(1), 388-393.Sow, M., & Aborbie, S. (2018). Impact of leadership on digital transformation. Business and Economic Research, 8(3), 139-148.Stalmachova, K., Chinoracky, R., & Strenitzerova, M. (2021). Changes in Business Models Caused by Digital Transformation and the COVID-19 Pandemic and Possibilities of Their Measurement—Case Study. Sustainability, 14(1), 127.Tabrizi, B., Lam, E., Girard, K., & Irvin, V. (2019). Digital transformation is not about technology. Harvard business review, 13(March), 1-6.Teoli, D., Sanvictores, T., & An, J. (2019). SWOT Analysis. StatPearls Publishing Weihrich, H. (1982). The TOWS matrix—A tool for situational analysis. Long range planning, 15(2), 54-66.Yin, R. K. (1994). Discovering the future of the case study. Method in evaluation research. Evaluation practice, 15(3), 283-290.第三節 網路資料IBM 商業價值研究院(2021) 。專注根本： 後疫情時代的數位轉型關鍵，https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/LMNAL3YX，擷取日期：2022年4月10日。台灣研究亮點(2021)，後疫情時代台灣科技發展的機會與挑戰，https://trh.gase.most.ntnu.edu.tw/tw/article/content/183，擷取日期：2022 年4 月10 日。安侯建業KPMG(2020)，COVID-19：亞太區企業韌性指南報告書，https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/tw/pdf/2020/05/tw-KPMG-Enterprise-Resilience-Guide-ASPAC-Edition-cht.pdf，擷取日期：2022 年6月21日。經濟部統計處當前經濟情勢(2021)，專題：疫情對我國產業之影響，https://www.moea.gov.tw/MNS/dos/bulletin/Bulletin.aspx?kind=23&html=1&menu_id=10212&bull_id=8877，擷取日期：2022 年6 月17 日。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
109363010資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363010 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 李易諭 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Yih-Yuh en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 高儀軒 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Kao, Yi-Hsuan en_US dc.creator (作者) 高儀軒 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kao, Yi-Hsuan en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2022 15:48:23 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2022 15:48:23 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2022 15:48:23 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109363010 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141846 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109363010 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年數位浪潮興起，企業數位轉型議題並非新鮮事，新興科技的進步帶動產業升級與轉型壓力，卻仍有許多企業尚未開始推動數位轉型的策略制定。然而一場COVID-19 疫情衝擊影響全世界各國以及各行業，人們為降低感染風險避免群聚、確診人數短期內急遽上升，遠距辦公、生產自動化、供應鏈斷鏈、人力不足等多個現象在疫情爆發後一夕之間同時出現，使疫情成為強迫企業數位轉型的推手。縱使企業了解轉型的急迫性與優點，過去幾年遲遲沒有行動，直到疫情影響企業經營才開始著手數位轉型計畫，其背後的原因無非是受限於企業資源的分配，或是對轉型計畫的接觸不夠深入，進而導致投資無效、轉型失敗。本研究主角個案A 公司為實體零售鞋業，是COVID-19 疫情下受明顯影響的產業之一，不過A 公司早在2016 年開始規劃企業數位轉型的策略，執行至今邁入第六年，在執行的過程中恰逢疫情衝擊卻也因此可以檢視當前的轉型成效，透過訪談內容歸納出A 公司的七個數位轉型關鍵成功因素，瞭解其發展數位轉型的流程，同時探討疫情發生的當下，企業在財務表現、組織營運、經營策略三大構面所受到的影響。最後比對訪談內容後提出A 公司最為關鍵的三個成功因素，以及補充實務建議和研究限制，希望提供欲發展數位轉型的中小企業加以參考。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) With the rise of the digital wave in recent years, the issue of enterprise digital transformation is not a new issue. The progress of emerging technologies has drivenindustrial upgrading and transformation pressure, but many enterprises have not yet begun to promote the development of digital transformation strategies. However, the impact of a covid-19 epidemic has affected countries and industries all over the world. Even if enterprises understand the urgency and advantages of digital transformation, most of them not willing to take the action in the past few years. They did not start the digital transformation plan until the epidemic affected their business operations. The reason behind that is simply limited by the allocation of enterprise resources or insufficient contact with the transformation plan, leading to ineffective investment and transformation failure.The physical retail industry, which is one of the industries significantly affected by the covid-19 epidemic. However, company began to plan the strategy of enterprisedigital transformation as early as 2016, and has entered the sixth year since its implementation. The case study company faced the COVID-19 epidemic during the process of digital transformation, but it also be a chance to test current transformation stages results. The research summarize the seven key success factors of company’s digital transformation through the interview content. Besides, we discuss the process of developing digital transformation, and explore the impact of the epidemic on the threeaspects of financial performance, organizational operation and business strategy. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭 i摘要 iiAbstract iii目錄 iv圖次 vi表次 vii緒論 1第一節 研究背景與動機 1第二節 研究目的 4第三節 研究流程 5第四節 論文架構 6文獻探討 8第一節 數位轉型定義 8第二節 數位轉型策略的形成 10第三節 數位轉型關鍵成功因素 12第四節 COVID-19 下企業經營的衝擊與影響 22第五節 五力分析 25第六節 SWOT 分析 28研究方法 30第一節 研究架構 30第二節 研究方法 31第三節 訪談方法與設計 32個案公司分析 37第一節 產業背景分析 37第二節 A 公司企業經營分析 43第三節 A 公司數位轉型策略 47第四節 A 公司COVID-19 疫情下的經營挑戰 58第五節 疫情對數位轉型關鍵因素的影響 64結論與建議 67第一節 結論 67第二節 實務建議 69第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 70參考文獻 72第一節 中文文獻 72第二節 英文文獻 74第三節 網路資料 77附錄 78 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1070113 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109363010 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位轉型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) COVID-19疫情 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 關鍵成功因素 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 經營策略 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 零售業 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 企業於新冠肺炎疫情下推動數位轉型策略的關鍵成功因素之研究-以A公司為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Case Study on the Key Success Factors to the Implementation of Digital Transformation Strategy During the Covid-19 Pandemic en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 第一節 中文文獻王怡心(2020)，善用審計對抗疫情。會計研究月刊，415期，頁12-14。王素彎(2019)，零售業發展現況與展望。經濟前瞻期刊，181期，頁115-120。王維聰 (2021)。企業進行數位轉型的規劃思維。哈佛商業評論，2021年2 月數位版。https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/mentor/20157/planning-thinking-for-digitaltransformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10日。吳建華、謝發昱、黃俊峰、陳銘凱(2004)。個案研究。台北：高等教育文化。李世珍(2020)，後疫時代中小企業數位轉型之契機。國土及公共治理季刊，第八卷第四期，頁54-63。官佳霖 (2021)，數據驅動企業轉型，行銷科技應用成功案例。臺灣經濟研究月刊，44卷3期，頁113-120。林妙琴、林弘昌(2021)，新冠肺炎期間遠距上班對資訊業組織運作影響之初探。科技與人力教育季刊，7卷3期，頁121-145。林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)，質性研究方法：訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙研究季刊，3卷2期，頁122-136。林柏君(2020)，疫情衝擊下看中小企業數位轉型發展。經濟前瞻期刊，190 卷，頁58-61。邱俊榮(2020)，疫情對產業及就業市場影響之挑戰與因應。台灣勞工季刊，63期，頁14-20。財團法人資訊工業策進會(2020)，數位轉型化育者，網路出版：資策會https://www.iii.org.tw/Publish/eBook/DTS/ebook/mobile/index.html#p=II，擷取日期：2022 年6月15日。陳華昇(2022)，後疫情時代下冷鏈物流產業發展趨勢之分析。臺灣經濟研究月刊，45卷1期，頁80-86。萬文隆(2004)，深度訪談在質性研究中的應用。生活科技教育月刊，37卷4 期，頁17-23。歐宜佩、陳信宏(2018)，近期數位轉型發展趨勢之觀察。中華經濟研究院，頁94-99。謝明忠、吳宜靜(2021)，從零售消費產業看疫情下轉變。會計研究月刊，432期，頁100-105。詹文男、沈柏延(2020)。不只是導入資訊系統與流程改善，七大構面檢驗數位轉型。哈佛商業評論，https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article/19771/seven-dimensionstest-digital-transformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10 日。潘東傑(譯)。D. Carey, R. Charan, E. Lamarre, K. Smaje, R. Zemmel (2022)。執行長請閱讀：數位轉型成功指南。哈佛商業評論，https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article/20982/the-ceos-playbook-for-a-successfuldigital-transformation，擷取日期：2022年4月10 日。第二節 英文文獻Abbu, H. R., Fleischmann, D., & Gopalakrishna, P. (2021). The Digital Transformation of the Grocery Business-Driven by Consumers, Powered by Technology, and Accelerated by the COVID-19 Pandemic. World CIST 2021.Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1367, 329-339.Almeida, F., Santos, José Duarte Monteiro, José Augusto. (2020). The challenges and opportunities in the digitalization of companies in a post-COVID-19 World.IEEE Engineering Management Review, 48(3), 97-103.Andal-Ancion, A., Cartwright, P. A., & Yip, G. S. (2003). The digital transformation of traditional business. MIT Sloan Management Review, 44(4), 34.Artemenko, E. (2020). The roles of top management in digital transformation. 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