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題名 當代伊斯蘭與基督宗教對話理論的比較研究
The Comparative Study of Contemporary Dialogue Theories Between Islam and Christianity
作者 林仁謙
Lin, Jen-Chien
貢獻者 林長寬
Lin, chang-kuan
林仁謙
Lin, Jen-Chien
關鍵詞 基督宗教
伊斯蘭
約翰·希克
沃爾特·卡斯培
馬哈茂德·阿布尤
塔里克·拉瑪丹
宗教對話
宗教多元主義
Christianity
Islam
John Hick
Walter Casper
Mahmoud Ayoub
Tariq Ramadan
Religious dialogue
Religious Pluralism
日期 2022
上傳時間 2022-10-05
摘要 伊斯蘭與基督宗教的宗教對話理論比較研究是本文的研究目的，藉由比較新教神學家約翰·希克(John Hick，1922－2012)、天主教學者沃爾特·卡斯培(Walter Kasper，1933－)、伊斯蘭教什葉派學者馬哈茂德·阿尤布(Mahmoud Ayoub，1935－)與順尼派學者塔里克·拉瑪丹(Tariq Ramadan，1962－)等的宗教對話理論，來作為伊斯蘭與基督宗教間在遭遇「宗教多元主義」(religious pluralism)與「現代性」(modernity)衝擊而引發的宗教衝突，期盼藉由宗教對話理論的努力而回歸彼此之間認同、共存與和平的願景。
首先〈緒論〉，是呈現研究的動機與目的、文獻回顧、研究方法與章節架構、宗教對話的歷史回顧、定義、模式與趨勢。第二章〈基督宗教與伊斯蘭對話關係之背景與歷史〉，是論述伊斯蘭與基督宗教的四種對話的模式、七世紀伊斯蘭建立前中東基督宗教的背景與對話、先知穆罕默德與基督宗教徒的對話(西元610-632)、先知歸真後穆斯林與基督宗教徒的對話(西元632-833)、中世紀基督宗教與伊斯蘭的對話(850-1492)、從啟蒙運動至西方與伊斯蘭對話的新發展(1453-1910)等。第三章〈朝向普世性宗教對話的神學〉，探討普世性宗教對話神學的形成、從宣教到對話、土耳其穆斯林Gülen的「奉獻運動」(Hizmet Movement)與伊斯蘭與基督宗教的普世對話：911恐怖攻擊的反思。第四章是〈比較約翰·希克與沃爾特·卡斯培對伊斯蘭的對話理論〉，是從哲學與神學的觀點來比較對話的理論。第五章〈比較馬哈茂德·阿尤布與塔里克·拉瑪丹對基督宗教的對話理論〉，是探討與比較阿尤布與拉瑪丹之間，對於與基督宗教對話的理論。第六章〈穆斯林與基督宗教之間亞伯拉罕普世主義〉，探討亞伯拉罕普世主義(Abraham Ecumenism)的內涵、交叉比較希克的「終極真實存在」與拉瑪丹「歐洲穆斯林」之間跨文化的對話，以及阿尤布與卡斯培之間聖靈基督論的觀點。最後，第七章是結論，反思〈亞伯拉罕宗教—獨一神多樣性信仰的認同、共存與和平〉的新思維。
The aim of this paper is a comparative study of Islamic and Christian religious dialogue theories, which will be achieved by comparing the Protestant theologian John Hick (1922-2012), Catholic theologian Walter Kasper, 1933-), Islamic Shiite scholar Mahmoud Ayoub (1935-2021), and Sunni theologian Tariq Ramadan (1962-), along with other religious dialogue theories, as a conflict of "religious violence" between contemporary Islam and Christianity which has destroyed religious culture due to the impact of "religious pluralism" and "modernity". They strive to return to a peaceful foundation of communion and harmony with each other.
Chapter One is the "Introduction", which presents the thesis: The motivation and purpose of this research, the literature review, the research method and structure, the historical review, and the definition, patterns, and trends of religious dialogue. Chapter Two is entitled "The Background and History of the Dialogue between Christianity and Islam": It discusses four modes of dialogue between Islam and Christianity, the background and dialogue of Christianity in the Middle East before the establishment of Islam in the seventh century, the dialogue between the Prophet Muhammad and the Christians (610-632), and the dialogue between Muslims and Christians after the Prophet`s conversion. This chapter is divided into the following sections: Dialogue (632-833), Medieval Christianity and Islam (850-1492), and New Developments from the Enlightenment to Western-Islamic Dialogue (1453-1910).
Chapter Three is entitled "Towards the Theology of Universal Religious Dialogue": It discusses the formation of the religious theology of universal dialogue, Christianity and Islam from mission to dialogue, the Hizmet Movement of the Turkish Muslim Gülen, and the universal dialogue between Islam and Christianity: Reflections on the terrorist attacks of 9/11. Chapter Four is entitled "Comparing John Hick and Walter Casper`s Theories of Dialogue on Islam": It compares theories of dialogue from a philosophical and theological point of view.
Chapter Five is entitled "Comparing Mahmoud Ayoub and Tariq Ramadan`s Theories of Dialogue with Christianity": It discusses and compares Ayoub and Ramadan`s theories of dialogue with Christianity. Chapter Six is entitled "Abraham Ecumenism between Muslims and Christianity": It discusses the connotations of Abraham Ecumenism, a cross-comparison between Hick`s "Ultimate Reality" and Ramadan`s "European Muslims", and Ayoub`s and Kasper`s perspectives on the Christology of the Holy Spirit.
Finally, Chapter Seven is the Conclusion, which reflects on "Abrahamic Religion – the Identity, Coexistence, and Peace of Diverse Faiths in One God".
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三、中文

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真諦》(If the Oceans Were Ink: An Unlikely Friendship and a Journey to the Heart of the
Quran)。台北市：八旗文化，頁1-8。(導讀)。

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口，失落的三千年文明史──追尋之旅（西元前）1000-1492》（The Story of the Jews:
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陳文裕著，(1989)，《梵蒂岡第二屆大公會議簡史》，台北 :上智出版社。

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R.C Briggs著，(2001)，葉約翰譯，《如何瞭解耶穌基督：新約聖經研究方法》，台北：
橄欖。

Hobsbawm, Eric等著，陳思仁等譯，(2002)，《被發明的傳統》（The Invention of
Tradition），台北：猫頭鷹。



四、中文期刊

初雅士(Osman Cubuk) (2014)，〈蘇非主義與宗教對話：法拉圖·葛蘭其世界和平之道〉，《新世紀宗教研究》，13：2，頁97。

宮高德，〈教宗本篤十六世的宗教交談〉，《輔仁宗教研究》，第二十期 (2010 年春)，
205-231頁。

陳南洲，〈宗教對話－評介普世教會協會宗教對話指導方針〉。「玉山神學院學報」(第十期)，2003年6月，頁211-225。

陳惠文：「愛丁堡世界宣教會議──宣教里程碑」，《今日華人教會》，2010年二月號，
第九至十一頁。

黃懷秋，〈從雷蒙‧潘尼卡的多元理論說到宗教對話〉 (Raimon Panikkar: From Pluralism to Religious Dialogue)，《成大宗教與文化學報》，第七期(2006年12月)，頁1-27。

歐力仁，〈保羅·尼特與宋泉盛之多元宗教神學的批判性比較〉，《輔仁宗教研究》第十五期(2007年)，37-74頁。
描述 博士
國立政治大學
宗教研究所
102156504
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102156504
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林長寬zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lin, chang-kuanen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林仁謙zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Jen-Chienen_US
dc.creator (作者) 林仁謙zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lin, Jen-Chienen_US
dc.date (日期) 2022en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-05-
dc.date.available 2022-10-05-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2022-10-05-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102156504en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/142063-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 宗教研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102156504zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 伊斯蘭與基督宗教的宗教對話理論比較研究是本文的研究目的，藉由比較新教神學家約翰·希克(John Hick，1922－2012)、天主教學者沃爾特·卡斯培(Walter Kasper，1933－)、伊斯蘭教什葉派學者馬哈茂德·阿尤布(Mahmoud Ayoub，1935－)與順尼派學者塔里克·拉瑪丹(Tariq Ramadan，1962－)等的宗教對話理論，來作為伊斯蘭與基督宗教間在遭遇「宗教多元主義」(religious pluralism)與「現代性」(modernity)衝擊而引發的宗教衝突，期盼藉由宗教對話理論的努力而回歸彼此之間認同、共存與和平的願景。
首先〈緒論〉，是呈現研究的動機與目的、文獻回顧、研究方法與章節架構、宗教對話的歷史回顧、定義、模式與趨勢。第二章〈基督宗教與伊斯蘭對話關係之背景與歷史〉，是論述伊斯蘭與基督宗教的四種對話的模式、七世紀伊斯蘭建立前中東基督宗教的背景與對話、先知穆罕默德與基督宗教徒的對話(西元610-632)、先知歸真後穆斯林與基督宗教徒的對話(西元632-833)、中世紀基督宗教與伊斯蘭的對話(850-1492)、從啟蒙運動至西方與伊斯蘭對話的新發展(1453-1910)等。第三章〈朝向普世性宗教對話的神學〉，探討普世性宗教對話神學的形成、從宣教到對話、土耳其穆斯林Gülen的「奉獻運動」(Hizmet Movement)與伊斯蘭與基督宗教的普世對話：911恐怖攻擊的反思。第四章是〈比較約翰·希克與沃爾特·卡斯培對伊斯蘭的對話理論〉，是從哲學與神學的觀點來比較對話的理論。第五章〈比較馬哈茂德·阿尤布與塔里克·拉瑪丹對基督宗教的對話理論〉，是探討與比較阿尤布與拉瑪丹之間，對於與基督宗教對話的理論。第六章〈穆斯林與基督宗教之間亞伯拉罕普世主義〉，探討亞伯拉罕普世主義(Abraham Ecumenism)的內涵、交叉比較希克的「終極真實存在」與拉瑪丹「歐洲穆斯林」之間跨文化的對話，以及阿尤布與卡斯培之間聖靈基督論的觀點。最後，第七章是結論，反思〈亞伯拉罕宗教—獨一神多樣性信仰的認同、共存與和平〉的新思維。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The aim of this paper is a comparative study of Islamic and Christian religious dialogue theories, which will be achieved by comparing the Protestant theologian John Hick (1922-2012), Catholic theologian Walter Kasper, 1933-), Islamic Shiite scholar Mahmoud Ayoub (1935-2021), and Sunni theologian Tariq Ramadan (1962-), along with other religious dialogue theories, as a conflict of "religious violence" between contemporary Islam and Christianity which has destroyed religious culture due to the impact of "religious pluralism" and "modernity". They strive to return to a peaceful foundation of communion and harmony with each other.
Chapter One is the "Introduction", which presents the thesis: The motivation and purpose of this research, the literature review, the research method and structure, the historical review, and the definition, patterns, and trends of religious dialogue. Chapter Two is entitled "The Background and History of the Dialogue between Christianity and Islam": It discusses four modes of dialogue between Islam and Christianity, the background and dialogue of Christianity in the Middle East before the establishment of Islam in the seventh century, the dialogue between the Prophet Muhammad and the Christians (610-632), and the dialogue between Muslims and Christians after the Prophet`s conversion. This chapter is divided into the following sections: Dialogue (632-833), Medieval Christianity and Islam (850-1492), and New Developments from the Enlightenment to Western-Islamic Dialogue (1453-1910).
Chapter Three is entitled "Towards the Theology of Universal Religious Dialogue": It discusses the formation of the religious theology of universal dialogue, Christianity and Islam from mission to dialogue, the Hizmet Movement of the Turkish Muslim Gülen, and the universal dialogue between Islam and Christianity: Reflections on the terrorist attacks of 9/11. Chapter Four is entitled "Comparing John Hick and Walter Casper`s Theories of Dialogue on Islam": It compares theories of dialogue from a philosophical and theological point of view.
Chapter Five is entitled "Comparing Mahmoud Ayoub and Tariq Ramadan`s Theories of Dialogue with Christianity": It discusses and compares Ayoub and Ramadan`s theories of dialogue with Christianity. Chapter Six is entitled "Abraham Ecumenism between Muslims and Christianity": It discusses the connotations of Abraham Ecumenism, a cross-comparison between Hick`s "Ultimate Reality" and Ramadan`s "European Muslims", and Ayoub`s and Kasper`s perspectives on the Christology of the Holy Spirit.
Finally, Chapter Seven is the Conclusion, which reflects on "Abrahamic Religion – the Identity, Coexistence, and Peace of Diverse Faiths in One God".		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 目次 i
中文摘要 iv
English Abstruct vi
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究的動機與目的 2
第二節 文獻回顧 4
第三節 研究方法與架構 40
第四節 宗教對話的歷史回顧、定義、模式與趨勢 44
第二章 基督宗教與伊斯蘭對話關係之背景與歷史 52
第一節 伊斯蘭與基督宗教的四種對話的模式 53
第二節 七世紀伊斯蘭建立前中東基督宗教的背景與對話 63
第三節 先知穆罕默德與基督宗教徒的對話（西元610-632） 76
第四節 先知歸真後穆斯林與基督宗教徒的對話(西元632-833) 86
第五節 中世紀西方基督宗教與伊斯蘭的對話(850-1492) 103
第六節 從啟蒙運動至西方與伊斯蘭對話的新發展(1453-1910) 115
結 語 125
第三章 朝向普世宗教對話的神學 130
第一節 普世宗教對話神學的形成 134
第二節 從宣教到對話 150
第三節 土耳其穆斯林Gülen的「奉獻運動」(Hizmet Movement) 181
第四節 伊斯蘭與基督宗教的普世對話：911恐怖攻擊的反思 194
結語 207
第四章 比較約翰·希克與沃爾特·卡斯培的伊斯蘭對話理論 211
第一節 約翰·希克「宗教多元主義」的對話理論 216
第二節 、沃爾特·卡斯培「教會學為中心」的對話理論 231
第三節 比較約翰·希克與沃爾特·卡斯培對伊斯蘭的對話理論 255
結 語 265
第五章 馬哈茂德·阿尤布與塔里克·拉瑪丹的基督宗教對話理論 270
第一節 馬哈茂德·阿尤布對基督宗教的對話理論 271
第二節 塔里克·拉瑪丹對基督宗教的對話理論 288
第三節 比較馬哈茂德·阿尤布與塔里克·拉瑪丹對基督宗教的對話理論 306
結 語 318
第六章 伊斯蘭與基督宗教之間的亞伯拉罕普世主義 319
第一節 亞伯拉罕普世主義(Abraham Ecumenism) 323
第二節 比較希克「終極真實存在」與拉瑪丹「歐洲穆斯林」跨文化對話 332
第三節 比較馬哈茂德·阿尤布與沃爾特·卡斯培的聖靈基督論 342
結 語 352
第七章 亞伯拉罕宗教—獨一神多樣性信仰的認同、共存與和平 354
參考文獻 358		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 12411397 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102156504en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 基督宗教zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 伊斯蘭zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 約翰·希克zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 沃爾特·卡斯培zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬哈茂德·阿布尤zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 塔里克·拉瑪丹zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 宗教對話zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 宗教多元主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Christianityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Islamen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) John Hicken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Walter Casperen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mahmoud Ayouben_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tariq Ramadanen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Religious dialogueen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Religious Pluralismen_US
dc.title (題名) 當代伊斯蘭與基督宗教對話理論的比較研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Comparative Study of Contemporary Dialogue Theories Between Islam and Christianityen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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三、中文

卡斯培(Walter Kasper)著，羅選民譯，(2008)，《現代語境中的上帝觀念》(Gott Jesu
Christi)，上海 : 華東師範大學，頁1-2(中譯本導言)。

卡拉·鮑爾(Carla Power)著，葉品岑譯，(2017)，《古蘭似海：用生活見證伊斯蘭聖典的
真諦》(If the Oceans Were Ink: An Unlikely Friendship and a Journey to the Heart of the
Quran)。台北市：八旗文化，頁1-8。(導讀)。

西蒙．沙瑪（Simon Schama）著，黃武福、黃夢初譯，(2018），《猶太人：世界史的缺
口，失落的三千年文明史──追尋之旅（西元前）1000-1492》（The Story of the Jews:
Finding the Work : 1000BC-1492AD），（台北：聯經）。

艾莉絲.薛爾齊(Alice Cherki)作 ；彭仁郁譯，(2008)，《黑色吶喊 : 法農肖像》，臺北市：
心靈工坊文化。

約翰．哈伍德．希克(John Harwood Hick)著，蔡怡佳譯，(2013)，《宗教之詮釋：人對
超越的回應》(An Interpretation of Religion: Human Responses to the Transcendent)。台
北市，聯經。

法土拉·葛蘭(M. Fethullah Gülen)著，彭廣愷、馬顯光、黃思恩等譯，(2004)，《最後的
先知—穆罕默德的生命面貌》(Prophet Muhammad : Aspects of His Life)，台北市 : 希
泉。

林曦著，(1997)，《希克(John Hick)》，台北市：生智。

林鴻信著，(1997)，《聖靈論》，台北市：禮記出版社。

林鴻信著，(1996)，《小教理》，台北市：禮記出版社。

威尔弗雷德.坎特韦尔.史密斯(Wilfred Cantwell Smith)著 ; 董江阳译，(2005)，《宗教的意
义与终结》，北京市 : 中國人民大學出版社。

孫亦平編著，(2002)，《西方宗教學名著提要》，南昌：江西人民出版社。

保羅·田立克(Paul Tillich)著，(1994)，魯燕萍譯，《信仰的動力》，台北市：桂冠。

威廉．詹姆斯(William James) 著；蔡怡佳、劉宏信 等譯，(2001)，《宗教經驗之種種》
(The Varieties of Religious Experience)，台北市，立緒出版社。

馬歇爾·哈濟生(Marshall. G. S. Hodgson) 著，張人弘、馬慧妍、羅心彤，邱太乙等譯，
(2015)，《伊斯蘭文明：伊斯蘭的古典時期(上卷)1.2冊》(The Venture of Islam:
CLASSICAL Age of Islam)。新北市：台灣商務。

陳文裕著，(1989)，《梵蒂岡第二屆大公會議簡史》，台北 :上智出版社。

羅傑·克勞利(Roger Crowley)著，陸大鵬譯，(2017)，《1453：君士坦丁堡的陷落》(1453:
The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West)。台北市：馬可孛
羅。

R.C Briggs著，(2001)，葉約翰譯，《如何瞭解耶穌基督：新約聖經研究方法》，台北：
橄欖。

Hobsbawm, Eric等著，陳思仁等譯，(2002)，《被發明的傳統》（The Invention of
Tradition），台北：猫頭鷹。



四、中文期刊

初雅士(Osman Cubuk) (2014)，〈蘇非主義與宗教對話：法拉圖·葛蘭其世界和平之道〉，《新世紀宗教研究》，13：2，頁97。

宮高德，〈教宗本篤十六世的宗教交談〉，《輔仁宗教研究》，第二十期 (2010 年春)，
205-231頁。

陳南洲，〈宗教對話－評介普世教會協會宗教對話指導方針〉。「玉山神學院學報」(第十期)，2003年6月，頁211-225。

陳惠文：「愛丁堡世界宣教會議──宣教里程碑」，《今日華人教會》，2010年二月號，
第九至十一頁。

黃懷秋，〈從雷蒙‧潘尼卡的多元理論說到宗教對話〉 (Raimon Panikkar: From Pluralism to Religious Dialogue)，《成大宗教與文化學報》，第七期(2006年12月)，頁1-27。

歐力仁，〈保羅·尼特與宋泉盛之多元宗教神學的批判性比較〉，《輔仁宗教研究》第十五期(2007年)，37-74頁。		zh_TW
dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202201571en_US