Publications-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
題名 線上團訪來了,記者如何展現本領?-科技線記者在防疫情境下的智能配置
How tech reporters utilize social intelligence in group interview tasks under the pandemic? The distributed view of journalist work作者 姚嘉洋
Yao, Chia-Yang貢獻者 陳百齡
CHEN, PAI-LIN
姚嘉洋
Yao, Chia-Yang關鍵詞 科技記者
線上團訪
社會智能
工具智能
社會資本
新冠肺炎
Journalistic work
Interview strategies
Distributed intelligence
Human-tool corporation
Social capital
COVID-19 pandemic日期 2022 上傳時間 5-Oct-2022 09:12:20 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究旨在了解台灣科技記者在三級警戒下,如何利用配置智能來突破線上團訪時所面臨的情境限制。本文從社會智能、社會資本與工具智能等觀點出發,建構本研究的論述架構。首先,社會智能觀點主要彰顯,記者的採訪任務,亦即與社會的情境互動,要完成採訪必須運用社會資源、解鎖相關限制。其次,社會資本可以用來描述記者採訪任務中的社會資源,也就是人脈,通常指向記者過去和當下累積和運用的社會資本。最後,科技智能則是指記者在採任務中和環境周遭共同協力的各種科技;記者通過這些科技得以促成和體現社會智能,以完成其採訪任務。2020年至2021年間臺灣經歷COVID-19疫情大流行,政府發動三級警戒,形成一個特殊的採訪情境。科技記者面臨的不再是往常的採訪情境,消息來源利用網際網路提供的團體採訪,大幅減少記者往昔運用社會智能的機會,限制記者人脈的運用。在此情況下,科技記者在啟動社會智能之際,除了運用社會資本,也需要透過工具智能的協力。也就是說,記者在疫情下是以社會智能為主軸,連結社會資本與工具智能,從而產生出疫情下的採訪策略。本研究根據此一理論架構,分析科技記者的工作態樣,以及在此採訪策略背後的理論意涵。本研究以半結構式訪談方法,蒐集十四位不同媒體背景科技記者在疫情下的採訪經驗。研究結果發現,這些科技記者從實體轉為線上團訪的過程中,特別是Q&A環節上阻礙更多,但記者會依其自身資源,突破情境因素限制,進而完成採訪工作上任務。其中,記者透過運用廠商與同行兩類社會網絡所帶來的社會資源,倚賴工具智能與社會智能的互相搭配,取得社會網絡的資源,以完成工作需求。進一步來看,財經類與綜合類科技媒體對於會後私訪來克服線上團訪Q&A的情境限制,其背後仍是取決記者與消息來源之間的社會關係強度。而觀其科技記者面臨線上團訪的情境限制再到如何突破其限制,都與科技記者所身負的配置智能有密不可分的關係。
This research aims to discover how journalist of tech news develop their information-gathering strategies by employing social intelligence during the time of COVID-19 pandemic.This research set its reasoning based on the perspectives of social intelligence, social capital as well as instrumental intelligence. The author argues that journalistic work relies largely on social distribution of human intelligence. First of all, the social intelligence point of view mainly highlights that the reporter`s interview task, that is, interacting with the social situation, must use social resources and unlock the relevant restrictions to complete the interview. Secondly, social capital can be used to describe the social resources in journalists` interview tasks, that is, personal connections, which usually refer to the social capital accumulated and used by journalists in the past and present. Finally, technological intelligence refers to the various technologies that journalists work together in their acquisition tasks and around their environment; through these technologies, journalists enable and embody social intelligence to complete their interview tasks.Taiwan experienced the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2021, and the government launched a three-level alert, forming a crucial interview setting for journalists. The reporters are no longer faced with the usual interview situations. Sources (enterprises as well as governmental sectors) utilize the online conference software for news conference, which greatly reduces the opportunities for reporters to make use of the niches in face-to-face communication, and therefore limits the use of reporters` personal contacts with the sources. In this case, journalists face great challenges in activating social intelligence, in addition to using social capital, they also need the cooperation of tool intelligence. It is quite interesting to know how the journalist solve the problem like this?The current research employs in-depth interview to collect data from 14 journalist in tech reporting. The author found that, journalists take social intelligence as the main axis during the epidemic, linking social capital and tool intelligence, thus producing interview strategies under the epidemic. Based on this theoretical framework, this study analyzes the working state of technology journalists and the theoretical implications behind this interview strategy.參考文獻 石偉民(2021)。《網路直播情境中的電視攝影工作者:一個配置智能觀點的研究》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。吳佳蓉(2004)。《初探記者採訪報導創傷受害者的社會智能。政治大學 新聞研究所碩士論文。吳筱玫(2003)。《網路傳播概論》。臺北市:智勝文化事業。谷玲玲(1995)。〈試擬電腦中介傳播之研究架構〉(英),《新聞學研究》,1: 185-212。林圭譯(2001)。《第六種語言:網路時代的新傳播語彙》。臺北市:藍鯨。(原書Logan, R. K. [2000]. The sixth language: Learning a living in the Internet age. Caldwell, NJ: Blackburn Press.)林祐聖、葉欣怡譯(2005)。《社會資本》。新北市:弘智。(原書Lin, N. [2001]. Social capital: A theory of social structure and action. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.)唐可芸(2012)。《財經新聞記者與消息來源互動關係之研究─以連動債事件為例》。中國文化大學新聞研究所碩士論文。區國強(2011)。《攝影.工具.新聞現場──從人與工具的關係探討電視新聞攝影實務》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。章倩萍(1994)。《新聞記者的認知策略之研究》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。陳一香(1988)。《電視爭議性新聞之消息來源及其處理方式與訊息導向之分析》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。陳之馨(2016)。《科技賦權與新聞自主的實踐:以網路原生媒體為例》。師範大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。喻靖媛(1994)。《記者及消息來源互動關係與新聞處理方式之關聯性研究》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。喻靖媛、臧國仁(1995)。〈記者與消息來源互動關係與新聞處理方式之關聯〉。臧國仁主編,《新聞「學」與「術」的對話Ⅲ:新聞工作者與消息來源(附錄二)》,頁201-236。臺北市:政治大學新聞研究所。黃彥翔(2008)。〈搞關係、玩面子:記者面對消息來源的衝突化解策略〉,《傳播與社會學刊》,5: 129-153。張文強(2015)。《新聞工作的實用邏輯:兩種模型的實務考》。臺北市:五南。彭芸(1986)。《國際傳播與科技》。臺北市:三民。費孝通(1947)。〈差序格局〉,費孝通編《鄉土中國》,頁22-30。香港:香港中和出版。臧國仁、鍾蔚文、楊怡珊(2001)。〈新聞工作者的社會智能:再論記者與消息來源之互動〉,《新聞學研究》,69: 55-93。臧國仁(1999)。《新聞媒體與消息來源──媒介框架與真實建構之論述》。臺北市:三民。蔡宜純(2009)。《心靈幫手:Vygotsky學派之幼兒教學法》。臺北市:心理。(原書Elena B, & Deborah J. L. [2007]. Tools of the mind: the Vygotskian approach to early childhood education. NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.)劉芳君(2021)。《從配置智能的觀點看媒體代理商的適性行銷》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。潘淑滿(2003)。《質性研究:理論與應用》。臺北市:心理。鄭怡軒(2018)。《電視台女性記者採取「撒嬌」策略與男性消息來源互動之研究》。中山大學行銷傳播管理研究所碩士論文。鄭瑞城(1991)。〈從消息來源途徑詮釋媒介近用權:台灣的驗證〉,《新聞學研究》,45: 39-56。謝光萍、吳怡萱(2006)。《電腦中介傳播:人際互動與網路》,新北市:韋伯文化。(原書 Crispin, T., Laura, L., & Alice, T. [2004]. Computer Mediated Communication: social interaction and the internet. London: Thousand Oaks.)鍾蔚文、陳百齡、陳順孝。(2006)〈從資訊處理典範到體會之知:專家研究典範的變遷〉,《思與言:人文與社會科學雜誌》,44(1): 101-130。鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡(1996)。〈傳播教育應該教些什麼?——幾個極端的想法〉,《新聞學研究》,53: 107-209。羅玉潔、張錦華(2006)。〈人脈與新聞採集:從社會資本與組織衝突觀點檢視記者如何建立與消息來源之間的關係〉,《中華傳播學刊》,10: 195-231。蘇惠君、臧國仁(2004)。〈新聞訪談之「施惠語言」:記者與消息來源之語言互動〉,《中華傳播學刊》,6: 105-155。蘇蘅。(1995)。〈消息來源與新聞價值──報紙如何報導「許歷農退黨」效應〉,《新聞學研究》,50: 15-40。陳雅惠(2021)。〈建構新聞工作者傳播工具與人脈互動的架構:從社會資本交換與再媒介化之考察〉,《新聞學研究》,147: 53-99。黃光國(1988)。〈人情與面子:中國人的權力遊戲〉,黃光國編《中國人的權力遊戲》,頁7-56。臺北市:巨流。鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡、陳順孝(1997年6月)。〈探討記者工作的知識基礎:建立分析架構〉。「1997中華傳播學會年會」,新北市深坑。黃士庭(2021年2月17日)。〈【雲端需求爆發1】台灣伺服器廠實力強悍 全球4大雲端巨擘都搶用〉,《鏡周刊》。 取自https://www.mirrormedia.mg/story/20210208fin013/喬安(2021年10月28日)。〈TrendForce:預估2022年晶圓代工產值年增 13%續創新高,晶片荒現紓緩跡象〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20211028-10984.html曾冠瑋(2021年12月16日)。〈TrendForce:2021年第三季全球前十大IC設計業者營收達337億美元,四台廠入列〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www。trendforce。com.tw/presscenter/news/20211216-11057TrendForce(2021年12月20日)。〈2022年集邦拓墣科技產業大預測重點節錄〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20211020-10970.html林南(2007)。〈社會資本理論與研究簡介〉,《社會科學論叢》,1: 1-32。Atwater, T & Fico, F. (1986). Source reliance and use in reporting state government: A study of point and broadcast practices. Newspaper Research Journal, 8, 53-62.Babbie, E. R. C. (1998). The Practice of Social Research. Belmont, CA: Wadswroth Pub Co.,.Berg, B. L. (1998). Qualitative Research Method for the Social Science. Boston: Ally and Bacon.Bourdieu, P. (1983). The Forms of Capital. pp.241-258. in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. G. Richardson. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Bower, R.T. (1973). Television and the Public. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Burt, R. S. (2002). The social capital of structural holes. In M. F. Guillen, R. C. Collins, P. England, & M. Meyer (Eds), The new economic sociology: Developments in an emerging field (pp. 148-192). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.Chibnall, S. (1981). The production of knowledge by crime reports. In Cohen, S. & Young, J. (Eds.), The Manufacture of News: Social Problems, Deviance and the Mass Media (pp. 75-97). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.Cook, E.T. (1989). Making laws and making news: Media strategies in tje U.S. House of Represemtation. Washington, D. C.: The Brookings Institute.Culanan, M. J., & Markus, M. L. (1987). Information technologies. In F. M. JablinL. Putnam, & K. H. RobertL. (Eds.), Handbook of organizational communication (pp.420-443) . Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Davison, W. (1975). Diplomatic reporting: Rules of the game. Jouranl of Communication, 25(4), 138-146.December, J. (1996). Units of analysis for Internet communication. Journal of Communication, 46(1), 14-37.Dixon, R. A. & Baltes, P. B. (1986). Toward life-span research on the functions and pragmatics of intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg & R. K. Wagner. (Eds.), Practical intelligence: Nature and origins of competence in the everyday world. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press.Daft, R. L. and Lengel, R. H. (1984). Information richness: a new approach to managerial behavior and organization design. Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 191-233Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (1998). Interviewing: The art of science. In N.K. Denzing & & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials. London: Sage Publications.Ford, M. E., & Tisak, M. S. (1983). A future search for social intelligence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 75(2), 196-206.Fulk, J., Schmitz, J., & Steinfield, C. W. (1990). A social influence model of technology use. In J. Fulk, & C. W. Steinfield, (Eds.), Organizations and communication technology (pp. 117-140). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.George, Ge., & Marsha, S. (1984). World Communications: A Handbook. New York: Longmen.Gieber, W. & Johnson, W. (1961). The city hall beat: A study of reporters and sources roles. Journalism Quarterly, 38(3), 289-297.Gouldner, A. (1960). The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement. American Sociological Review, 25, 1976-1977.Granovetter, M. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. The American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.Hunt, T. (1928). The measurement of social intelligence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 12, 317-334.Jones, S. (1995). Understanding community in the information age. In S. Jones, (Ed.), CyberSociety: Computer-mediated communication and community (pp.10-35). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Levi-Strauss, C. (1965). The Principle of Reciprocity. In L. A. Coser, & B. Rosenberg (Eds.), Sociological Theory (pp. 61-70). New York: Macmllian.Lin, N. (2001). Social capital: a theory of social structure and action. Cambridge. UK: New York Cambridge University Press.Malinowski, B. (1926). Reciprocity as the Basis of Social Structure. Crime and Custom in Savage Society. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 46-49Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266.Pea, R. D. (1993). Practices of distributed intelligence and designs for education. In G. Salomon, (Ed.), Distributed cognitions: Psychological and educational considerations. 88-110. New York: Cambridgr University PressRice, R. E. (1984). Mediated group communication. In R. E. Rice & Associates (Eds.), The new media: Communication, research and technology. 129-156Ruesch, J., & Bateson, G. (1951). Communication: The Social matrix of society. New York: Norton.Santoro, G. M. (1995). What is computer-mediated communication? In Z. L. Berge, & M. P. Collins (Eds.), Computer mediated communication and the online classroom. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton.Scribner Sylvia. (1986). Thinking in action: Some characteristics of practical intelligence. Wagner(Eds.)J. Sternberg & Richard K.Robert, Practical Intelligence: Nature and Origins of Competence in the Everyday World.Shoemaker, P. J. & Reese, S. D. (1991). Mediating the Message: Theories of Influence on Mass Media Content. NY: Longman.Short, J., Williams, E., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: Wiley.Sternberg, R. J. & Caruso, D. R. (1985). Practical modes of knowing. In E. Eisner (Ed.), Learning and teaching the ways of knowing. Chicago: National Society for the Study of Education.Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1986). Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32(11), 1492-1512.Thorndike, L. R. (1920). Intelligence and its uses. Harper’s Magazine, 140, 227-235.Tutty, M.L., Rothery, M., & Grinnell R. M. (1996). Qualitative Research for Social Workers. London: Allyn and Bacon.Walker, R. E., & Foley, M. (1973). Social intelligence its history and measurment. Psychological Rports, 33(3), 839-864.Walther, J. B., & Burgoon, J. K. (1992). Relational communication in computer-mediated communication. Human Communication Research, 19(1). 50-88.Wolfsfeld, G. (1991). Media protest, and political violence: transactional analysis. Journalism and Communication Monographs, 127 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
傳播學院碩士在職專班
104941014資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104941014 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 陳百齡 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor CHEN, PAI-LIN en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 姚嘉洋 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Yao, Chia-Yang en_US dc.creator (作者) 姚嘉洋 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Yao, Chia-Yang en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 5-Oct-2022 09:12:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 5-Oct-2022 09:12:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Oct-2022 09:12:20 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104941014 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/142114 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 傳播學院碩士在職專班 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104941014 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究旨在了解台灣科技記者在三級警戒下,如何利用配置智能來突破線上團訪時所面臨的情境限制。本文從社會智能、社會資本與工具智能等觀點出發,建構本研究的論述架構。首先,社會智能觀點主要彰顯,記者的採訪任務,亦即與社會的情境互動,要完成採訪必須運用社會資源、解鎖相關限制。其次,社會資本可以用來描述記者採訪任務中的社會資源,也就是人脈,通常指向記者過去和當下累積和運用的社會資本。最後,科技智能則是指記者在採任務中和環境周遭共同協力的各種科技;記者通過這些科技得以促成和體現社會智能,以完成其採訪任務。2020年至2021年間臺灣經歷COVID-19疫情大流行,政府發動三級警戒,形成一個特殊的採訪情境。科技記者面臨的不再是往常的採訪情境,消息來源利用網際網路提供的團體採訪,大幅減少記者往昔運用社會智能的機會,限制記者人脈的運用。在此情況下,科技記者在啟動社會智能之際,除了運用社會資本,也需要透過工具智能的協力。也就是說,記者在疫情下是以社會智能為主軸,連結社會資本與工具智能,從而產生出疫情下的採訪策略。本研究根據此一理論架構,分析科技記者的工作態樣,以及在此採訪策略背後的理論意涵。本研究以半結構式訪談方法,蒐集十四位不同媒體背景科技記者在疫情下的採訪經驗。研究結果發現,這些科技記者從實體轉為線上團訪的過程中,特別是Q&A環節上阻礙更多,但記者會依其自身資源,突破情境因素限制,進而完成採訪工作上任務。其中,記者透過運用廠商與同行兩類社會網絡所帶來的社會資源,倚賴工具智能與社會智能的互相搭配,取得社會網絡的資源,以完成工作需求。進一步來看,財經類與綜合類科技媒體對於會後私訪來克服線上團訪Q&A的情境限制,其背後仍是取決記者與消息來源之間的社會關係強度。而觀其科技記者面臨線上團訪的情境限制再到如何突破其限制,都與科技記者所身負的配置智能有密不可分的關係。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This research aims to discover how journalist of tech news develop their information-gathering strategies by employing social intelligence during the time of COVID-19 pandemic.This research set its reasoning based on the perspectives of social intelligence, social capital as well as instrumental intelligence. The author argues that journalistic work relies largely on social distribution of human intelligence. First of all, the social intelligence point of view mainly highlights that the reporter`s interview task, that is, interacting with the social situation, must use social resources and unlock the relevant restrictions to complete the interview. Secondly, social capital can be used to describe the social resources in journalists` interview tasks, that is, personal connections, which usually refer to the social capital accumulated and used by journalists in the past and present. Finally, technological intelligence refers to the various technologies that journalists work together in their acquisition tasks and around their environment; through these technologies, journalists enable and embody social intelligence to complete their interview tasks.Taiwan experienced the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2021, and the government launched a three-level alert, forming a crucial interview setting for journalists. The reporters are no longer faced with the usual interview situations. Sources (enterprises as well as governmental sectors) utilize the online conference software for news conference, which greatly reduces the opportunities for reporters to make use of the niches in face-to-face communication, and therefore limits the use of reporters` personal contacts with the sources. In this case, journalists face great challenges in activating social intelligence, in addition to using social capital, they also need the cooperation of tool intelligence. It is quite interesting to know how the journalist solve the problem like this?The current research employs in-depth interview to collect data from 14 journalist in tech reporting. The author found that, journalists take social intelligence as the main axis during the epidemic, linking social capital and tool intelligence, thus producing interview strategies under the epidemic. Based on this theoretical framework, this study analyzes the working state of technology journalists and the theoretical implications behind this interview strategy. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究場景 1第二節 研究動機 3一、在採訪場域中的重要元素 3二、三級疫情警戒對團訪場域所帶來的改變 5三、在三級防疫警戒下團訪所面臨的困境 6第三節 研究問題 7第二章 文獻探討 9第一節 採訪:記者和消息來源互動的場域 10一、消息來源 10二、記者與消息來源的互動 12三、智能配置 14第二節 記者的社會智能 16一、社會智能 16二、採訪過程中的社會智能 19三、社會資本 20四、疫情下記者如何運用社會資本? 24第三節 記者的工具智能配置 26一、電腦科技做為團訪的中介 26二、電腦中介傳播觀點 27三、電腦科技的物質性 31四、疫情下記者如何運用工具智能? 34第四節 本章小結:疫情下團訪任務的運作 35一、科技記者團訪所面臨的情境和策略因應 35二、本論文的研究框架 36三、疫情下工具和社會智能的混搭 37第三章 研究方法 39第一節 關於資料分析方法與設想 39一、記者的互動知識 39二、互動經驗的擷取:質性研究 39第二節 研究設計 40一、研究樣本 40二、資料收集作法-深度訪談 42第四章 資料分析 45第一節 情境的變與不變 45一、不受疫情改變的情境 46二、疫情帶來的改變 51第二節 科技記者的因應策略 61一、Q&A環節的策略改變 61二、會後私訪的策略展現 70第三節 人脈與硬體資源的交錯 75一、人脈與硬體資源的關連 75二、三級警戒帶來的疏離感 81第四節 策略改變的意涵 84一、配置智能觀點:線上團訪的情境範圍 84二、實體:社會智能與社會資本的運用 87三、線上:更多情境限制下的配置智能 90第五章 結論 101第一節 研究回顧 101第二節 研究結論 101一、場景與資源的變與不變 101二、重建記者的任務認知 102三、雄厚的社會資本方能緩解線上團訪的限制 103四、反思:三級疫情下的人脈更顯珍貴 104第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 104一、 研究限制 104二、未來研究建議 105參考文獻 107 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2112229 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104941014 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 科技記者 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 線上團訪 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會智能 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工具智能 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會資本 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新冠肺炎 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Journalistic work en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Interview strategies en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Distributed intelligence en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Human-tool corporation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social capital en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) COVID-19 pandemic en_US dc.title (題名) 線上團訪來了,記者如何展現本領?-科技線記者在防疫情境下的智能配置 zh_TW dc.title (題名) How tech reporters utilize social intelligence in group interview tasks under the pandemic? The distributed view of journalist work en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 石偉民(2021)。《網路直播情境中的電視攝影工作者:一個配置智能觀點的研究》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。吳佳蓉(2004)。《初探記者採訪報導創傷受害者的社會智能。政治大學 新聞研究所碩士論文。吳筱玫(2003)。《網路傳播概論》。臺北市:智勝文化事業。谷玲玲(1995)。〈試擬電腦中介傳播之研究架構〉(英),《新聞學研究》,1: 185-212。林圭譯(2001)。《第六種語言:網路時代的新傳播語彙》。臺北市:藍鯨。(原書Logan, R. K. [2000]. The sixth language: Learning a living in the Internet age. Caldwell, NJ: Blackburn Press.)林祐聖、葉欣怡譯(2005)。《社會資本》。新北市:弘智。(原書Lin, N. [2001]. Social capital: A theory of social structure and action. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.)唐可芸(2012)。《財經新聞記者與消息來源互動關係之研究─以連動債事件為例》。中國文化大學新聞研究所碩士論文。區國強(2011)。《攝影.工具.新聞現場──從人與工具的關係探討電視新聞攝影實務》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。章倩萍(1994)。《新聞記者的認知策略之研究》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。陳一香(1988)。《電視爭議性新聞之消息來源及其處理方式與訊息導向之分析》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。陳之馨(2016)。《科技賦權與新聞自主的實踐:以網路原生媒體為例》。師範大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。喻靖媛(1994)。《記者及消息來源互動關係與新聞處理方式之關聯性研究》。政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。喻靖媛、臧國仁(1995)。〈記者與消息來源互動關係與新聞處理方式之關聯〉。臧國仁主編,《新聞「學」與「術」的對話Ⅲ:新聞工作者與消息來源(附錄二)》,頁201-236。臺北市:政治大學新聞研究所。黃彥翔(2008)。〈搞關係、玩面子:記者面對消息來源的衝突化解策略〉,《傳播與社會學刊》,5: 129-153。張文強(2015)。《新聞工作的實用邏輯:兩種模型的實務考》。臺北市:五南。彭芸(1986)。《國際傳播與科技》。臺北市:三民。費孝通(1947)。〈差序格局〉,費孝通編《鄉土中國》,頁22-30。香港:香港中和出版。臧國仁、鍾蔚文、楊怡珊(2001)。〈新聞工作者的社會智能:再論記者與消息來源之互動〉,《新聞學研究》,69: 55-93。臧國仁(1999)。《新聞媒體與消息來源──媒介框架與真實建構之論述》。臺北市:三民。蔡宜純(2009)。《心靈幫手:Vygotsky學派之幼兒教學法》。臺北市:心理。(原書Elena B, & Deborah J. L. [2007]. Tools of the mind: the Vygotskian approach to early childhood education. NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.)劉芳君(2021)。《從配置智能的觀點看媒體代理商的適性行銷》。政治大學傳播學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。潘淑滿(2003)。《質性研究:理論與應用》。臺北市:心理。鄭怡軒(2018)。《電視台女性記者採取「撒嬌」策略與男性消息來源互動之研究》。中山大學行銷傳播管理研究所碩士論文。鄭瑞城(1991)。〈從消息來源途徑詮釋媒介近用權:台灣的驗證〉,《新聞學研究》,45: 39-56。謝光萍、吳怡萱(2006)。《電腦中介傳播:人際互動與網路》,新北市:韋伯文化。(原書 Crispin, T., Laura, L., & Alice, T. [2004]. Computer Mediated Communication: social interaction and the internet. London: Thousand Oaks.)鍾蔚文、陳百齡、陳順孝。(2006)〈從資訊處理典範到體會之知:專家研究典範的變遷〉,《思與言:人文與社會科學雜誌》,44(1): 101-130。鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡(1996)。〈傳播教育應該教些什麼?——幾個極端的想法〉,《新聞學研究》,53: 107-209。羅玉潔、張錦華(2006)。〈人脈與新聞採集:從社會資本與組織衝突觀點檢視記者如何建立與消息來源之間的關係〉,《中華傳播學刊》,10: 195-231。蘇惠君、臧國仁(2004)。〈新聞訪談之「施惠語言」:記者與消息來源之語言互動〉,《中華傳播學刊》,6: 105-155。蘇蘅。(1995)。〈消息來源與新聞價值──報紙如何報導「許歷農退黨」效應〉,《新聞學研究》,50: 15-40。陳雅惠(2021)。〈建構新聞工作者傳播工具與人脈互動的架構:從社會資本交換與再媒介化之考察〉,《新聞學研究》,147: 53-99。黃光國(1988)。〈人情與面子:中國人的權力遊戲〉,黃光國編《中國人的權力遊戲》,頁7-56。臺北市:巨流。鍾蔚文、臧國仁、陳百齡、陳順孝(1997年6月)。〈探討記者工作的知識基礎:建立分析架構〉。「1997中華傳播學會年會」,新北市深坑。黃士庭(2021年2月17日)。〈【雲端需求爆發1】台灣伺服器廠實力強悍 全球4大雲端巨擘都搶用〉,《鏡周刊》。 取自https://www.mirrormedia.mg/story/20210208fin013/喬安(2021年10月28日)。〈TrendForce:預估2022年晶圓代工產值年增 13%續創新高,晶片荒現紓緩跡象〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20211028-10984.html曾冠瑋(2021年12月16日)。〈TrendForce:2021年第三季全球前十大IC設計業者營收達337億美元,四台廠入列〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www。trendforce。com.tw/presscenter/news/20211216-11057TrendForce(2021年12月20日)。〈2022年集邦拓墣科技產業大預測重點節錄〉,《TrendForce》。取自https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20211020-10970.html林南(2007)。〈社會資本理論與研究簡介〉,《社會科學論叢》,1: 1-32。Atwater, T & Fico, F. (1986). Source reliance and use in reporting state government: A study of point and broadcast practices. Newspaper Research Journal, 8, 53-62.Babbie, E. R. C. (1998). The Practice of Social Research. Belmont, CA: Wadswroth Pub Co.,.Berg, B. L. (1998). Qualitative Research Method for the Social Science. Boston: Ally and Bacon.Bourdieu, P. (1983). The Forms of Capital. pp.241-258. in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. G. Richardson. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Bower, R.T. (1973). Television and the Public. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Burt, R. S. (2002). The social capital of structural holes. In M. F. Guillen, R. C. Collins, P. England, & M. Meyer (Eds), The new economic sociology: Developments in an emerging field (pp. 148-192). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.Chibnall, S. (1981). The production of knowledge by crime reports. In Cohen, S. & Young, J. (Eds.), The Manufacture of News: Social Problems, Deviance and the Mass Media (pp. 75-97). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.Cook, E.T. (1989). Making laws and making news: Media strategies in tje U.S. House of Represemtation. Washington, D. C.: The Brookings Institute.Culanan, M. J., & Markus, M. L. (1987). Information technologies. In F. M. JablinL. Putnam, & K. H. RobertL. (Eds.), Handbook of organizational communication (pp.420-443) . Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Davison, W. (1975). Diplomatic reporting: Rules of the game. Jouranl of Communication, 25(4), 138-146.December, J. (1996). Units of analysis for Internet communication. Journal of Communication, 46(1), 14-37.Dixon, R. A. & Baltes, P. B. (1986). Toward life-span research on the functions and pragmatics of intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg & R. K. Wagner. (Eds.), Practical intelligence: Nature and origins of competence in the everyday world. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press.Daft, R. L. and Lengel, R. H. (1984). Information richness: a new approach to managerial behavior and organization design. Research in Organizational Behavior, 6, 191-233Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (1998). Interviewing: The art of science. In N.K. Denzing & & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials. London: Sage Publications.Ford, M. E., & Tisak, M. S. (1983). A future search for social intelligence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 75(2), 196-206.Fulk, J., Schmitz, J., & Steinfield, C. W. (1990). A social influence model of technology use. In J. Fulk, & C. W. Steinfield, (Eds.), Organizations and communication technology (pp. 117-140). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.George, Ge., & Marsha, S. (1984). World Communications: A Handbook. New York: Longmen.Gieber, W. & Johnson, W. (1961). The city hall beat: A study of reporters and sources roles. Journalism Quarterly, 38(3), 289-297.Gouldner, A. (1960). The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement. American Sociological Review, 25, 1976-1977.Granovetter, M. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. The American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.Hunt, T. (1928). The measurement of social intelligence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 12, 317-334.Jones, S. (1995). Understanding community in the information age. In S. Jones, (Ed.), CyberSociety: Computer-mediated communication and community (pp.10-35). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Levi-Strauss, C. (1965). The Principle of Reciprocity. In L. A. Coser, & B. Rosenberg (Eds.), Sociological Theory (pp. 61-70). New York: Macmllian.Lin, N. (2001). Social capital: a theory of social structure and action. Cambridge. UK: New York Cambridge University Press.Malinowski, B. (1926). Reciprocity as the Basis of Social Structure. Crime and Custom in Savage Society. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 46-49Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266.Pea, R. D. (1993). Practices of distributed intelligence and designs for education. In G. Salomon, (Ed.), Distributed cognitions: Psychological and educational considerations. 88-110. New York: Cambridgr University PressRice, R. E. (1984). Mediated group communication. In R. E. Rice & Associates (Eds.), The new media: Communication, research and technology. 129-156Ruesch, J., & Bateson, G. (1951). Communication: The Social matrix of society. New York: Norton.Santoro, G. M. (1995). What is computer-mediated communication? In Z. L. Berge, & M. P. Collins (Eds.), Computer mediated communication and the online classroom. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton.Scribner Sylvia. (1986). Thinking in action: Some characteristics of practical intelligence. Wagner(Eds.)J. Sternberg & Richard K.Robert, Practical Intelligence: Nature and Origins of Competence in the Everyday World.Shoemaker, P. J. & Reese, S. D. (1991). Mediating the Message: Theories of Influence on Mass Media Content. NY: Longman.Short, J., Williams, E., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: Wiley.Sternberg, R. J. & Caruso, D. R. (1985). Practical modes of knowing. In E. Eisner (Ed.), Learning and teaching the ways of knowing. Chicago: National Society for the Study of Education.Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1986). Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32(11), 1492-1512.Thorndike, L. R. (1920). Intelligence and its uses. Harper’s Magazine, 140, 227-235.Tutty, M.L., Rothery, M., & Grinnell R. M. (1996). Qualitative Research for Social Workers. London: Allyn and Bacon.Walker, R. E., & Foley, M. (1973). Social intelligence its history and measurment. Psychological Rports, 33(3), 839-864.Walther, J. B., & Burgoon, J. K. (1992). Relational communication in computer-mediated communication. Human Communication Research, 19(1). 50-88.Wolfsfeld, G. (1991). Media protest, and political violence: transactional analysis. Journalism and Communication Monographs, 127 zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202201570 en_US