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題名 數位抽象畫誘發的美感情緒對於時間知覺之影響
The Aesthetic emotion induced by digital abstract paintings can affect time perception
作者 潘綺雯
Pan, Chi-Wen
貢獻者 黃淑麗
Huang, Shwu-Lih
潘綺雯
Pan, Chi-Wen
關鍵詞 時間知覺
美感情緒
時間二分作業
日期 2022
上傳時間 2-Dec-2022 15:27:42 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　本研究旨在探索美感情緒是否會影響時間知覺。已有大量的研究證實，大腦中存在一個機制用於表徵時間並且產生行為反應，稱之為時間知覺。近代許多研究聚焦在因情緒而產生的時間知覺扭曲效果，大量的研究證據顯示，不論是情緒所伴隨的激發程度或是注意力改變，都會影響人類的時間知覺。隨著心理美學領域的發展，美感情緒的議題逐漸受到重視，不同於基本情緒的發生往往與生存以及適應的功能習習相關，美感情緒的誘發來自於觀看者眼中的物件是否具有美的特性。然而美感情緒是否能夠如同基本情緒一般的影響時間知覺，卻尚未有研究討論過。為探討此一議題，本研究使用較少基本情緒脈絡內容之抽象畫作，記錄觀看者在觀看畫作時的生理激發與情緒指標，以及對畫作的美感評分，並進一步的結合抽象畫作與時間二分法典範，以節拍累加器修正模型為理論基礎，分別在短時距與長時距之下，檢視畫作美感及美感情緒對時間知覺所造成的影響。所得結果顯示，在短時距情況並未發現抽象畫美感的高低對於時間知覺的扭曲效果，可能由於畫作美感並未影響膚電位（亦即未影響生理激發程度）所致。長時距的實驗結果，雖然未觀察到美感高低的直接影響，但是發現當抽象畫所誘發的主觀激發程度較高，會使時間知覺產生縮短的效果，且有較高的敏感度，說明了當畫作具有誘發高主觀激發程度的特性時，會使運用在時間資訊的認知資源減少，使時間知覺產生縮短的效果。總結以上，雖然不論長短時距都未觀察到美感所造成的影響，但是就情緒的面向而言，畫作所誘發的主觀激發程度在長時距的時間知覺是重要的影響因子，且其影響效果亦符合節拍累加器模型所預期。最後建議未來的研究，在畫作中可加入有助於美感經驗產生的策略，以及使用不同的時間作業典範來驗證美感及美感情緒是否會藉由其他的因子影響時間知覺。
參考文獻 顏乃欣、廖瑞銘、楊建銘、黃淑麗、蔡介立. (2013)。台灣地區華人情緒與相關心理生理資料庫─台灣情緒圖片系統。中華心理學刊，55(4)，477-492。
Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional dynamics supporting awareness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134(2), 258.
Angrilli, A., Cherubini, P., Pavese, A., & Manfredini, S. (1997). The influence of affective factors on time perception. Perception & psychophysics, 59(6), 972-982.
Bar-Haim, Y., Kerem, A., Lamy, D., & Zakay, D. (2010). When time slows down: The influence of threat on time perception in anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 24(2), 255-263.
Belke, B., Leder, H., & Carbon, C. C. (2015). When challenging art gets liked: Evidences for a dual preference formation process for fluent and non-fluent portraits. PloS one, 10(8), e0131796.
Berlyne, D. E. (1970). Novelty, complexity, and hedonic value. Perception & psychophysics, 8(5), 279-286.
Benedek, M., & Kaernbach, C. (2010). A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity. Journal of neuroscience methods, 190(1), 80-91.
Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1994). Measuring emotion: the self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 25(1), 49-59.
Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1999). International affective digitized sounds (IADS): Stimuli, instruction manual and affective ratings (Tech. Rep. No. B-2). Gainesville, FL: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
Brielmann, A. A., & Pelli, D. (2019). Intense beauty requires intense pleasure. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2420.
Brunner, D., Kacelnik, A., & Gibbon, J. (1992). Optimal foraging and timing processes in the starling, Sturnus vulgaris: Effect of inter-capture interval. Animal Behaviour, 44(4), 597-613.
Cheng, R.-K., Ali, Y. M., & Meck, W. H. (2007). Ketamine “unlocks” the reduced clock-speed effects of cocaine following extended training: evidence for dopamine–glutamate interactions in timing and time perception. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 88(2), 149-159.
Church, R. M., Meck, W. H., & Gibbon, J. (1994). Application of scalar timing theory to individual trials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 20(2), 135.
Droit-Volet, S., & Gil, S. (2016). The emotional body and time perception. Cognition and Emotion, 30(4), 687-699.
Droit-Volet, S., Mermillod, M., Cocenas-Silva, R., & Gil, S. (2010). The effect of expectancy of a threatening event on time perception in human adults. Emotion, 10(6), 908.
Droit-Volet, S., & Wearden, J. (2002). Speeding up an internal clock in children? Effects of visual flicker on subjective duration. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section B, 55(3), 193-211.
Droit‐Volet, S., Brunot, S., & Niedenthal, P. (2004). BRIEF REPORT Perception of the duration of emotional events. Cognition and Emotion, 18(6), 849-858.
Fayolle, S., Gil, S., & Droit-Volet, S. (2015). Fear and time: fear speeds up the internal clock. Behavioural processes, 120, 135-140.
Forster, M., Leder, H., & Ansorge, U. (2016). Exploring the subjective feeling of fluency. Experimental Psychology.
Folta-Schoofs, K., Wolf, O. T., Treue, S., & Schoofs, D. (2014). Perceptual complexity, rather than valence or arousal accounts for distracter-induced overproductions of temporal durations. Acta Psychologica, 147, 51-59
Gerger, G., Pelowski, M., & Leder, H. (2018). Empathy, Einfühlung, and aesthetic experience: The effect of emotion contagion on appreciation of representational and abstract art using fEMG and SCR. Cognitive Processing, 19(2), 147-165.
Gibbon, J. (1977). Scalar expectancy theory and Weber`s law in animal timing. 84(3), 279. Psychological review, 84(3), 279.
Gibbon, J. (1991). Origins of scalar timing. Learning and motivation.
Gil, S., & Droit-Volet, S. (2012). Emotional time distortions: the fundamental role of arousal. Cognition & emotion, 26(5), 847-862.
Graf, L. K., & Landwehr, J. R. (2015). A dual-process perspective on fluency-based aesthetics: The pleasure-interest model of aesthetic liking. Personality and social psychology review, 19(4), 395-410.
Graf, L. K., & Landwehr, J. R. (2017). Aesthetic pleasure versus aesthetic interest: The two routes to aesthetic liking. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 15.
Graf, L. K., Mayer, S., & Landwehr, J. R. (2018). Measuring processing fluency: One versus five items. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 28(3), 393-411.
Grommet, E. K., Droit-Volet, S., Gil, S., Hemmes, N. S., Baker, A. H., & Brown, B. L. (2011). Time estimation of fear cues in human observers. Behavioural processes, 86(1), 88-93.
Grondin, S., Laflamme, V., & Gontier, É. (2014). Effect on perceived duration and sensitivity to time when observing disgusted faces and disgusting mutilation pictures. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 76(6), 1522-1534.
Kliegl, K. M., Watrin, L., & Huckauf, A. (2015). Duration perception of emotional stimuli: Using evaluative conditioning to avoid sensory confounds. Cognition and Emotion, 29(8), 1350-1367.
Kopec, C. D., & Brody, C. D. (2010). Human performance on the temporal bisection task. Brain and cognition, 74(3), 262-272.
Krupinski, E., & Locher, P. (1988). Skin conductance and aesthetic evaluative responses to nonrepresentational works of art varying in symmetry. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 26(4), 355-358.
Kuchinke, L., Trapp, S., Jacobs, A. M., & Leder, H. (2009). Pupillary responses in art appreciation: Effects of aesthetic emotions. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 3(3), 156.
Lake, J. I., LaBar, K. S., & Meck, W. H. (2016). Emotional modulation of interval timing and time perception. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 64, 403-420.
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1997). International affective picture system (IAPS): Technical manual and affective ratings. NIMH Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, 1, 39-58.
Lee, K.-H., Seelam, K., & O`Brien, T. (2011). The relativity of time perception produced by facial emotion stimuli. Cognition & emotion, 25(8), 1471-1480.
Lejeune, H. (1998). Switching or gating? The attentional challenge in cognitive models of psychological time. Behavioural processes, 44(2), 127-145.
Li, L., & Tian, Y. (2020). Aesthetic preference and time: preferred painting dilates time perception. Sage Open, 10(3), 2158244020939905.
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Marin, M. M., & Leder, H. (2018). Exploring aesthetic experiences of females: affect-related traits predict complexity and arousal responses to music and affective pictures. Personality and individual Differences, 125, 80-90.
Mella, N., Conty, L., & Pouthas, V. (2011). The role of physiological arousal in time perception: psychophysiological evidence from an emotion regulation paradigm. Brain and cognition, 75(2), 182-187.
Menninghaus, W., Wagner, V., Wassiliwizky, E., Schindler, I., Hanich, J., Jacobsen, T., & Koelsch, S. (2019). What are aesthetic emotions?. Psychological review , 126(2), 171.
Mitrovic, A., Hegelmaier, L. M., Leder, H., & Pelowski, M. J. A. P. (2020). Does beauty capture the eye, even if it`s not (overtly) adaptive? A comparative eye-tracking study of spontaneous attention and visual preference with VAST abstract art. Acta Psychologica, 209, 103133.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
106752013
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106752013
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃淑麗zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Shwu-Lihen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 潘綺雯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Pan, Chi-Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 潘綺雯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Pan, Chi-Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2022en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Dec-2022 15:27:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Dec-2022 15:27:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Dec-2022 15:27:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106752013en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/142686-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106752013zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　本研究旨在探索美感情緒是否會影響時間知覺。已有大量的研究證實，大腦中存在一個機制用於表徵時間並且產生行為反應，稱之為時間知覺。近代許多研究聚焦在因情緒而產生的時間知覺扭曲效果，大量的研究證據顯示，不論是情緒所伴隨的激發程度或是注意力改變，都會影響人類的時間知覺。隨著心理美學領域的發展，美感情緒的議題逐漸受到重視，不同於基本情緒的發生往往與生存以及適應的功能習習相關，美感情緒的誘發來自於觀看者眼中的物件是否具有美的特性。然而美感情緒是否能夠如同基本情緒一般的影響時間知覺，卻尚未有研究討論過。為探討此一議題，本研究使用較少基本情緒脈絡內容之抽象畫作，記錄觀看者在觀看畫作時的生理激發與情緒指標，以及對畫作的美感評分，並進一步的結合抽象畫作與時間二分法典範，以節拍累加器修正模型為理論基礎，分別在短時距與長時距之下，檢視畫作美感及美感情緒對時間知覺所造成的影響。所得結果顯示，在短時距情況並未發現抽象畫美感的高低對於時間知覺的扭曲效果，可能由於畫作美感並未影響膚電位（亦即未影響生理激發程度）所致。長時距的實驗結果，雖然未觀察到美感高低的直接影響，但是發現當抽象畫所誘發的主觀激發程度較高，會使時間知覺產生縮短的效果，且有較高的敏感度，說明了當畫作具有誘發高主觀激發程度的特性時，會使運用在時間資訊的認知資源減少，使時間知覺產生縮短的效果。總結以上，雖然不論長短時距都未觀察到美感所造成的影響，但是就情緒的面向而言，畫作所誘發的主觀激發程度在長時距的時間知覺是重要的影響因子，且其影響效果亦符合節拍累加器模型所預期。最後建議未來的研究，在畫作中可加入有助於美感經驗產生的策略，以及使用不同的時間作業典範來驗證美感及美感情緒是否會藉由其他的因子影響時間知覺。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 5
第一節 時間知覺模型 5
第二節 情緒與時間知覺 8
第三節 節拍累加器修正模型 14
第四節 美感經驗與美感情緒 17
第二章 研究目的與架構 21
第三章 實驗一 25
第四章 實驗二：對美感刺激的時間知覺 29
第五章 綜合討論 46
第一節 美感與時間知覺 46
第二節 美感情緒與時間知覺 47
第三節 抽象畫欣賞與情緒指標 50
第四節 研究侷限與未來 52
第六章 總結 54
參考文獻 55
附錄 61
附錄一 參與者個人指標紀錄 61		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2854978 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106752013en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 時間知覺zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美感情緒zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 時間二分作業zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 數位抽象畫誘發的美感情緒對於時間知覺之影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Aesthetic emotion induced by digital abstract paintings can affect time perceptionen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 顏乃欣、廖瑞銘、楊建銘、黃淑麗、蔡介立. (2013)。台灣地區華人情緒與相關心理生理資料庫─台灣情緒圖片系統。中華心理學刊，55(4)，477-492。
Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional dynamics supporting awareness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134(2), 258.
Angrilli, A., Cherubini, P., Pavese, A., & Manfredini, S. (1997). The influence of affective factors on time perception. Perception & psychophysics, 59(6), 972-982.
Bar-Haim, Y., Kerem, A., Lamy, D., & Zakay, D. (2010). When time slows down: The influence of threat on time perception in anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 24(2), 255-263.
Belke, B., Leder, H., & Carbon, C. C. (2015). When challenging art gets liked: Evidences for a dual preference formation process for fluent and non-fluent portraits. PloS one, 10(8), e0131796.
Berlyne, D. E. (1970). Novelty, complexity, and hedonic value. Perception & psychophysics, 8(5), 279-286.
Benedek, M., & Kaernbach, C. (2010). A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity. Journal of neuroscience methods, 190(1), 80-91.
Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1994). Measuring emotion: the self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 25(1), 49-59.
Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1999). International affective digitized sounds (IADS): Stimuli, instruction manual and affective ratings (Tech. Rep. No. B-2). Gainesville, FL: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
Brielmann, A. A., & Pelli, D. (2019). Intense beauty requires intense pleasure. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2420.
Brunner, D., Kacelnik, A., & Gibbon, J. (1992). Optimal foraging and timing processes in the starling, Sturnus vulgaris: Effect of inter-capture interval. Animal Behaviour, 44(4), 597-613.
Cheng, R.-K., Ali, Y. M., & Meck, W. H. (2007). Ketamine “unlocks” the reduced clock-speed effects of cocaine following extended training: evidence for dopamine–glutamate interactions in timing and time perception. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 88(2), 149-159.
Church, R. M., Meck, W. H., & Gibbon, J. (1994). Application of scalar timing theory to individual trials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 20(2), 135.
Droit-Volet, S., & Gil, S. (2016). The emotional body and time perception. Cognition and Emotion, 30(4), 687-699.
Droit-Volet, S., Mermillod, M., Cocenas-Silva, R., & Gil, S. (2010). The effect of expectancy of a threatening event on time perception in human adults. Emotion, 10(6), 908.
Droit-Volet, S., & Wearden, J. (2002). Speeding up an internal clock in children? Effects of visual flicker on subjective duration. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section B, 55(3), 193-211.
Droit‐Volet, S., Brunot, S., & Niedenthal, P. (2004). BRIEF REPORT Perception of the duration of emotional events. Cognition and Emotion, 18(6), 849-858.
Fayolle, S., Gil, S., & Droit-Volet, S. (2015). Fear and time: fear speeds up the internal clock. Behavioural processes, 120, 135-140.
Forster, M., Leder, H., & Ansorge, U. (2016). Exploring the subjective feeling of fluency. Experimental Psychology.
Folta-Schoofs, K., Wolf, O. T., Treue, S., & Schoofs, D. (2014). Perceptual complexity, rather than valence or arousal accounts for distracter-induced overproductions of temporal durations. Acta Psychologica, 147, 51-59
Gerger, G., Pelowski, M., & Leder, H. (2018). Empathy, Einfühlung, and aesthetic experience: The effect of emotion contagion on appreciation of representational and abstract art using fEMG and SCR. Cognitive Processing, 19(2), 147-165.
Gibbon, J. (1977). Scalar expectancy theory and Weber`s law in animal timing. 84(3), 279. Psychological review, 84(3), 279.
Gibbon, J. (1991). Origins of scalar timing. Learning and motivation.
Gil, S., & Droit-Volet, S. (2012). Emotional time distortions: the fundamental role of arousal. Cognition & emotion, 26(5), 847-862.
Graf, L. K., & Landwehr, J. R. (2015). A dual-process perspective on fluency-based aesthetics: The pleasure-interest model of aesthetic liking. Personality and social psychology review, 19(4), 395-410.
Graf, L. K., & Landwehr, J. R. (2017). Aesthetic pleasure versus aesthetic interest: The two routes to aesthetic liking. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 15.
Graf, L. K., Mayer, S., & Landwehr, J. R. (2018). Measuring processing fluency: One versus five items. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 28(3), 393-411.
Grommet, E. K., Droit-Volet, S., Gil, S., Hemmes, N. S., Baker, A. H., & Brown, B. L. (2011). Time estimation of fear cues in human observers. Behavioural processes, 86(1), 88-93.
Grondin, S., Laflamme, V., & Gontier, É. (2014). Effect on perceived duration and sensitivity to time when observing disgusted faces and disgusting mutilation pictures. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 76(6), 1522-1534.
Kliegl, K. M., Watrin, L., & Huckauf, A. (2015). Duration perception of emotional stimuli: Using evaluative conditioning to avoid sensory confounds. Cognition and Emotion, 29(8), 1350-1367.
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202201716en_US