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題名 霸權的反避險策略:美中競爭下的美國與新加坡和美國與馬來西亞關係(2009-2017)
The Counter-hedging Strategy of Hegemon: A Study of U.S.-Singapore and U.S.-Malaysia Relations under U.S.-China Rivalry (2009-2017)作者 陳威溢
Chen, Wei-Yi貢獻者 盧業中
Lu, Yeh-Chung
陳威溢
Chen, Wei-Yi關鍵詞 美中競爭
權力轉移
亞太再平衡
避險
反避險
新加坡
馬來西亞
U.S.-China rivalry
Power transition
Rebalance to Asia
Hedging
Counter-hedging
Singapore
Malaysia日期 2022 上傳時間 5-Jan-2023 15:16:58 (UTC+8) 摘要 隨著中國的崛起與美國在歐巴馬上任後的推行重返亞洲戰略與亞太再平衡戰略,中小型國家的避險策略在「美中權力競逐」的國際情勢正酣之際成為各家關注焦點。然而,鮮少有研究探討美國或中國等被避險的國家基於其國家利益對避險策略的單一政策乃至整體策略性的回應,即「反避險策略」。故本文意圖從權力轉移理論的角度探討美國在歐巴馬政府時期面對美中競爭的情勢,作為被避險國對新加坡與馬來西亞的反避險策略為何?反避險策略能對美國的亞洲戰略佈局發揮什麼效果?本文並將反避險策略簡單定義為「被避險國基於國家利益的考量,為了降低避險策略的不確定性,對避險國直接訴諸政策影響力的策略」。本文首先從權力轉移論中的「全球─區域階層關係」推論出美國的亞洲戰略思維包含「區域霸權領導」與「美中權力轉移」兩個關鍵,再從白宮與國防部的官方報告整理出美國的四個國家利益依照重要性排序為秩序、安全、經濟、形象,並被包裹在亞太再平衡戰略的五支柱之中。在第三章及第四章,本文分別整理了新加坡和馬來西亞的避險策略脈絡,並從美國的角度出發分析美國對兩國的反避險策略,發現美國對兩國皆無威逼行為,但皆有程度不一的拉攏和忽略行為。在馬來西亞的案例中,美國甚至出現因為國家利益矛盾而理性選擇忽略的情況。最後,本文發現在權力轉移過程中,美國作為既有霸權的反避險策略能讓避險策略有助於或不損及美國的國家利益,在鞏固美國區域霸權領導的同時,拉高中國完成權力轉移過程的門檻,確保既有霸權相對於修正主義強權的優勢地位。
With the rise of China and the U.S. implementation of the Pivot to Asia and the Rebalance to Asia strategy after Obama took office, the hedging strategy of small and medium-sized countries has become trending in the context of “U.S.-Sino Rivalry”. However, few studies have explored the concept of “Counter-hedging strategy”. From the perspective of power transition theory, this thesis intends to explore the U.S. counter-hedging strategy towards Singapore and Malysia during the Obama administration, and explore the impact it makes on the U.S. Asia strategy.This thesis first deduces from the “Multiple Hierarchy Model” that the U.S. Asia strategy has two key factors, “Regional hegemonic leadership” and “U.S.-Sino power transition". Next, this thesis sorts out the four national interests of U.S., which are international order, security, prosperity, and values in order of importance, and are practiced within the five pillars of the Rebalance to Asia strategy. In Chapters three and four, this thesis clarifies the context of Singapore and Malaysia’s hedging strategies respectively, and analyzes the U.S. counter-hedging strategy which consists of wooing and ignoring behavior in varying degree. In the case of Malaysia, the U.S. even choose ignoring behavior because of the contradiction among national interests. Finally, this thesis finds that the counter-hedging strategy of a status quo hegemon can make the hedging strategy help or at least not harm the national interests of the U.S in the process of power transition. 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國立政治大學
外交學系
108253001資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108253001 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 盧業中 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lu, Yeh-Chung en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳威溢 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Wei-Yi en_US dc.creator (作者) 陳威溢 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chen, Wei-Yi en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 5-Jan-2023 15:16:58 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 5-Jan-2023 15:16:58 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 5-Jan-2023 15:16:58 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108253001 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/142885 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 外交學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108253001 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著中國的崛起與美國在歐巴馬上任後的推行重返亞洲戰略與亞太再平衡戰略,中小型國家的避險策略在「美中權力競逐」的國際情勢正酣之際成為各家關注焦點。然而,鮮少有研究探討美國或中國等被避險的國家基於其國家利益對避險策略的單一政策乃至整體策略性的回應,即「反避險策略」。故本文意圖從權力轉移理論的角度探討美國在歐巴馬政府時期面對美中競爭的情勢,作為被避險國對新加坡與馬來西亞的反避險策略為何?反避險策略能對美國的亞洲戰略佈局發揮什麼效果?本文並將反避險策略簡單定義為「被避險國基於國家利益的考量,為了降低避險策略的不確定性,對避險國直接訴諸政策影響力的策略」。本文首先從權力轉移論中的「全球─區域階層關係」推論出美國的亞洲戰略思維包含「區域霸權領導」與「美中權力轉移」兩個關鍵,再從白宮與國防部的官方報告整理出美國的四個國家利益依照重要性排序為秩序、安全、經濟、形象,並被包裹在亞太再平衡戰略的五支柱之中。在第三章及第四章,本文分別整理了新加坡和馬來西亞的避險策略脈絡,並從美國的角度出發分析美國對兩國的反避險策略,發現美國對兩國皆無威逼行為,但皆有程度不一的拉攏和忽略行為。在馬來西亞的案例中,美國甚至出現因為國家利益矛盾而理性選擇忽略的情況。最後,本文發現在權力轉移過程中,美國作為既有霸權的反避險策略能讓避險策略有助於或不損及美國的國家利益,在鞏固美國區域霸權領導的同時,拉高中國完成權力轉移過程的門檻,確保既有霸權相對於修正主義強權的優勢地位。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) With the rise of China and the U.S. implementation of the Pivot to Asia and the Rebalance to Asia strategy after Obama took office, the hedging strategy of small and medium-sized countries has become trending in the context of “U.S.-Sino Rivalry”. However, few studies have explored the concept of “Counter-hedging strategy”. From the perspective of power transition theory, this thesis intends to explore the U.S. counter-hedging strategy towards Singapore and Malysia during the Obama administration, and explore the impact it makes on the U.S. Asia strategy.This thesis first deduces from the “Multiple Hierarchy Model” that the U.S. Asia strategy has two key factors, “Regional hegemonic leadership” and “U.S.-Sino power transition". Next, this thesis sorts out the four national interests of U.S., which are international order, security, prosperity, and values in order of importance, and are practiced within the five pillars of the Rebalance to Asia strategy. In Chapters three and four, this thesis clarifies the context of Singapore and Malaysia’s hedging strategies respectively, and analyzes the U.S. counter-hedging strategy which consists of wooing and ignoring behavior in varying degree. In the case of Malaysia, the U.S. even choose ignoring behavior because of the contradiction among national interests. Finally, this thesis finds that the counter-hedging strategy of a status quo hegemon can make the hedging strategy help or at least not harm the national interests of the U.S in the process of power transition. It ensures regional hegemonic leadership while raising the threshold of China achiving power transition. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄第一章 緒論 1第一節、 研究動機與研究問題 1第二節、 文獻回顧與概念闡釋 5第三節、 研究途徑與假設 28第四節、 案例選擇、研究範圍、及研究方法 37第五節、 研究限制 41第二章 美國在亞洲區域的國家利益分析 45第一節、 美國與亞洲的關係不只是美中關係 45第二節、 歐巴馬任前美國的對中政策:權力轉移之肇始? 50第三節、 歐巴馬的大戰略:美國的國家利益 53第四節、 美國亞太再平衡戰略視野下的中國 59第五節、 小結 63第三章 個案研究:新加坡 67第一節、 新加坡避險策略歷史淵源概述 67第二節、 新加坡的避險策略與中國:2009~2017 72第三節、 新加坡的避險策略與美國:2009~2017 79第四節、 歐巴馬任期內美國對新加坡的策略 92第五節、 小結 102第四章 個案研究:馬來西亞 103第一節、 馬來西亞避險策略歷史淵源概述 103第二節、 馬來西亞的避險策略與中國:2009~2017 110第三節、 馬來西亞的避險策略與美國:2009~2017 119第四節、 1MDB貪污醜聞的發展與影響 127第五節、 歐巴馬任期內美國對馬來西亞的策略 141第六節、 小結 151第五章 個案研究比較分析 153第一節、 新加坡和馬來西亞的避險策略異同 153第二節、 美國對新加坡和馬來西亞的反避險策略異同 157第三節、 美國的反避險策略:權力轉移理論整合觀點 162第四節、 小結 165第六章 結論 169第一節、 主要研究貢獻 169第二節、 未來研究展望 174參考資料 177 zh_TW dc.format.extent 6370308 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108253001 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美中競爭 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 權力轉移 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 亞太再平衡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 避險 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 反避險 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新加坡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬來西亞 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) U.S.-China rivalry en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Power transition en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Rebalance to Asia en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Hedging en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Counter-hedging en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Singapore en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Malaysia en_US dc.title (題名) 霸權的反避險策略:美中競爭下的美國與新加坡和美國與馬來西亞關係(2009-2017) zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Counter-hedging Strategy of Hegemon: A Study of U.S.-Singapore and U.S.-Malaysia Relations under U.S.-China Rivalry (2009-2017) en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考資料英文資料與文獻官方文件與資料“2017 Investment Climate Statements: Malaysia”, United States Department of State, https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-investment-climate-statements/malaysia/ (Access date: Jun 1, 2022).“2017 Investment Climate Statements: Singapore”, United States Department of State, 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