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題名 普丁治下的俄羅斯 – 生命政治學的視角
A Biopolitics Perspective on Russia under Putin
作者 莊閔棻
Chuang, Min-Fen
貢獻者 林永芳
Lin, Yung-Fang
莊閔棻
Chuang, Min-Fen
關鍵詞 普丁
俄羅斯
生命政治
保守主義
反同性戀法
男性主義
俄羅斯世界
Putin
Russia
Biopolitics
Conservatism
Gay Propaganda Law
Masculism
Russian World
日期 2023
上傳時間 9-Mar-2023 18:27:12 (UTC+8)
摘要 自蘇聯解體和國家社會主義消亡後，俄羅斯陷入嚴重分裂、社會混亂和種族關係緊張的狀況中，因此對於正在成形為國家的俄羅斯來說，為民族身份建立認同感就變成了非常重要的問題。而普丁上任以後，透過回歸到「人」的身上，帶回歷史脈絡中傳統生物本性的道德價值觀、人與社會的關係及生活方式，藉此使大眾更加認同他的統治風格及方式。而這些都與「生命政治學」相符，因此本文將以「生命政治學」作為研究途徑，對普丁的治理進行分析。

作為人類生物學和政治學間交叉而產生出的一門社會科學，「生命政治學」中的「生命」討論的主體是生物，而在此指的也就是人類，而「政治」則是要討論主權及權力。透過生命政治，從普丁塑造他的個人形象，到維護傳統的行為，他都不斷的讓生命政治元素成為他治理政策的一部分。藉由生命政治中的「包容」與「排斥」，普丁區分出了「我們」和「他者」，從而加強了人民對他和對自己文化的認同。

本文研究發現，在普丁的治理中，他首先透過操控公眾想像，將自己塑造成為全心奉獻的「新蘇維埃人」、強大的男性領導人和傳統的守護者，並將自身形象延伸到社會政策中，透過生命政治，他帶回了人民根深蒂固的傳統觀念。隨後再由家庭問題轉移到性別問題，並藉此將俄羅斯和自由奔放且「墮落」的西方做出區隔以塑造自我認同。最後，透過「生命政治」和「俄羅斯世界」的概念，普丁透過歷史、文化以及血緣關係將自己與前蘇聯國家重新連繫起來；按此脈絡，普丁將不只是「俄羅斯的國父」，也終將成為「俄羅斯世界的父親」。
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia had been deeply divided. Suffering from chaos and ethnic conflicts, for a country that had lost its former cognition, it becomes very critical for Russia to establish a sense of national identity. After Putin was elected president, he brought the focus back to “people”. By emphasizing the traditional moral values rooted in the biological human nature, the relationship between man and society, and the way of living life in the past, he made the public agree more with his ruling style and method. These are all consistent with “biopolitics”. Thus, this research will use “biopolitics” as a research approach to analyze Putin`s governance.

As a social science that emerged from the intersection of human biology and political science, biopolitics focuses on the relationship between people, sovereignty, and power. From Putin`s image to his attempt of defending traditional values, he has continuously made the elements of biopolitics a part of his governance policy. Through the “inclusion” and “exclusion” of biopolitics, Putin distinguished “us” and “the other”, and thus achieved the purpose of strengthening the Russian people`s identification with him and their own culture.

This research found that during Putin’s governance, he first manipulated the public imagination to portray himself as a devoted “New Soviet Man”, a powerful male leader, and a guardian of traditional values. Then, he extended his image to his social policies. Through biopolitics, he brought back the traditional values that are deeply rooted in Russian culture. Hereafter, he shifted from family issues to LGBTQ issues and used relative discourses to separate Russia from the free-spirited and “morally degenerated” West to shape Russia’s self-identity. Finally, through the concept of “biopolitics” and the idea of the “Russian world”, Putin reconnected himself and Russia with the former Soviet countries through shared history, culture, and blood; According to this context, Putin will not only become the “father of Russia”, but will eventually become the “father of the Russian world”.
參考文獻 一、 中文文獻
（一） 專書
李渤，2008。《俄羅斯政治與外交》。北京：時事出版社。
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（二）期刊論文
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（三）專書譯著
車爾尼雪夫斯基著，2019。蔣路譯，《怎麼辦？》，北京：人民文學出版社。

二、 英文文獻
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（二）專書譯著
Agamben, Giorgio, 1998. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, trans., Daniel Heller-Roazen. Redwood City: Stanford University Press.
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Weber, Max, 1947, The Theory of Social and Economic Organization, trans., A. M. Henderson & Talcott Parsons. New York: Oxford University Press.

（三）專書篇章
Burkhardt, Fabian, 2017. “Presidential Power in Putin’s Third Term: Was Crimea a Critical Juncture in Domestic Politics?,” in Olga Irisova, Anton Barbashin, Fabian Burkhardt & Ernest Wyciszkiewicz eds, A Successful Failure: Russia after Crime(a). Warsaw: Centre for Polish–Russian Dialogue and Understanding, pp. 119-142.
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（四）期刊論文
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（五）網路資料
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三、 俄文文獻
（一） 專書
Пелевин, Виктор, «Generation «П»», (ФТМ, 2008).

（二） 期刊論文
Ловцова, Наталия Игоревна, «Здоровая, Благополучная Семья—Опора Государства?,» Журнал Исследований Социальной Политики 1, Том 1, № 3/4, (2003), cc. 323-339.
Петухов, В.В. & Бараш, Р.Э., «Русские и Русский Мир: Исторический Контекст и Современное Прочтение», Полис. Политические Исследования № 6 (2014), cc. 83-101.
Рябова, Татьяна Борисовна & Рябов, Олег Вячеславович, «Гейропа: Гендерное Измерение Образа Европы В Практиках Политической Мобилизации,» Женщина в Российском Обществе № 3 (68), (2013), сc. 31-39.
Темченко-Завьялова, А.О., «Восточный поворот» Российской Внешней Политики: Причины, Риски, Реакция Запада,” Science Journal of VolSU, Vol. 21, No. 3, (2016), сc. 93-97.

（三）官方資料
«Внешняя Политика И Безопасность Современной России 1991–2002», МГИМО, Том 1 (Москва 2002),< https://mgimo.ru/files/17873/17873.pdf> (Дата обращения: 4 декабря 2022).
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
109263007
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109263007
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林永芳zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Yung-Fangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 莊閔棻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chuang, Min-Fenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 莊閔棻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chuang, Min-Fenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-Mar-2023 18:27:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-Mar-2023 18:27:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Mar-2023 18:27:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109263007en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143789-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 俄羅斯研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 109263007zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自蘇聯解體和國家社會主義消亡後，俄羅斯陷入嚴重分裂、社會混亂和種族關係緊張的狀況中，因此對於正在成形為國家的俄羅斯來說，為民族身份建立認同感就變成了非常重要的問題。而普丁上任以後，透過回歸到「人」的身上，帶回歷史脈絡中傳統生物本性的道德價值觀、人與社會的關係及生活方式，藉此使大眾更加認同他的統治風格及方式。而這些都與「生命政治學」相符，因此本文將以「生命政治學」作為研究途徑，對普丁的治理進行分析。

作為人類生物學和政治學間交叉而產生出的一門社會科學，「生命政治學」中的「生命」討論的主體是生物，而在此指的也就是人類，而「政治」則是要討論主權及權力。透過生命政治，從普丁塑造他的個人形象，到維護傳統的行為，他都不斷的讓生命政治元素成為他治理政策的一部分。藉由生命政治中的「包容」與「排斥」，普丁區分出了「我們」和「他者」，從而加強了人民對他和對自己文化的認同。

本文研究發現，在普丁的治理中，他首先透過操控公眾想像，將自己塑造成為全心奉獻的「新蘇維埃人」、強大的男性領導人和傳統的守護者，並將自身形象延伸到社會政策中，透過生命政治，他帶回了人民根深蒂固的傳統觀念。隨後再由家庭問題轉移到性別問題，並藉此將俄羅斯和自由奔放且「墮落」的西方做出區隔以塑造自我認同。最後，透過「生命政治」和「俄羅斯世界」的概念，普丁透過歷史、文化以及血緣關係將自己與前蘇聯國家重新連繫起來；按此脈絡，普丁將不只是「俄羅斯的國父」，也終將成為「俄羅斯世界的父親」。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia had been deeply divided. Suffering from chaos and ethnic conflicts, for a country that had lost its former cognition, it becomes very critical for Russia to establish a sense of national identity. After Putin was elected president, he brought the focus back to “people”. By emphasizing the traditional moral values rooted in the biological human nature, the relationship between man and society, and the way of living life in the past, he made the public agree more with his ruling style and method. These are all consistent with “biopolitics”. Thus, this research will use “biopolitics” as a research approach to analyze Putin`s governance.

As a social science that emerged from the intersection of human biology and political science, biopolitics focuses on the relationship between people, sovereignty, and power. From Putin`s image to his attempt of defending traditional values, he has continuously made the elements of biopolitics a part of his governance policy. Through the “inclusion” and “exclusion” of biopolitics, Putin distinguished “us” and “the other”, and thus achieved the purpose of strengthening the Russian people`s identification with him and their own culture.

This research found that during Putin’s governance, he first manipulated the public imagination to portray himself as a devoted “New Soviet Man”, a powerful male leader, and a guardian of traditional values. Then, he extended his image to his social policies. Through biopolitics, he brought back the traditional values that are deeply rooted in Russian culture. Hereafter, he shifted from family issues to LGBTQ issues and used relative discourses to separate Russia from the free-spirited and “morally degenerated” West to shape Russia’s self-identity. Finally, through the concept of “biopolitics” and the idea of the “Russian world”, Putin reconnected himself and Russia with the former Soviet countries through shared history, culture, and blood; According to this context, Putin will not only become the “father of Russia”, but will eventually become the “father of the Russian world”.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 文獻回顧 4
第三節 研究途徑與方法 12
第四節 研究範圍與限制 15
第五節 分析架構與章節安排 16
第二章 生命政治學與普丁的形象塑造 20
第一節 蘇聯的體育文化與新蘇維埃人 21
第二節 蘇聯的體育文化與男子氣概 25
第三節 普丁的身體政治與形象塑造 30
第四節 小結 36
第三章 生命政治學與俄羅斯的社會文化政策 38
第一節 普丁保守主義之生命政治學 39
第二節 普丁生命政治學中的俄羅斯社會政策 46
第三節 普丁生命政治學中的俄羅斯文化政策 57
第四節 小結 64
第四章 生命政治學與俄羅斯世界倡議 66
第一節 普丁的保守主義之疆界想像 67
第二節 俄羅斯世界之官方敘事 72
第三節 烏克蘭事件之生命政治學 80
第四節 小結 90
第五章 結論 92
參考資料 97		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1700450 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109263007en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 普丁zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 生命政治zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 保守主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 反同性戀法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 男性主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯世界zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Putinen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Biopoliticsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Conservatismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Gay Propaganda Lawen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Masculismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russian Worlden_US
dc.title (題名) 普丁治下的俄羅斯 – 生命政治學的視角zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Biopolitics Perspective on Russia under Putinen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文文獻
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郭武平，「普京：『給我二十年，還你一個強大的俄羅斯』」，展望與探索，第10卷6期（2012年6月），頁12-17。

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（五）網路資料
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三、 俄文文獻
（一） 專書
Пелевин, Виктор, «Generation «П»», (ФТМ, 2008).

（二） 期刊論文
Ловцова, Наталия Игоревна, «Здоровая, Благополучная Семья—Опора Государства?,» Журнал Исследований Социальной Политики 1, Том 1, № 3/4, (2003), cc. 323-339.
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Рябова, Татьяна Борисовна & Рябов, Олег Вячеславович, «Гейропа: Гендерное Измерение Образа Европы В Практиках Политической Мобилизации,» Женщина в Российском Обществе № 3 (68), (2013), сc. 31-39.
Темченко-Завьялова, А.О., «Восточный поворот» Российской Внешней Политики: Причины, Риски, Реакция Запада,” Science Journal of VolSU, Vol. 21, No. 3, (2016), сc. 93-97.

（三）官方資料
«Внешняя Политика И Безопасность Современной России 1991–2002», МГИМО, Том 1 (Москва 2002),< https://mgimo.ru/files/17873/17873.pdf> (Дата обращения: 4 декабря 2022).
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