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題名 新冠肺炎疫情對台灣勞動市場的影響
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Taiwan`s Labor Market作者 黃琳
Huang, Lin貢獻者 楊子霆
黃琳
Huang, Lin關鍵詞 新冠肺炎
居家辦公
遠端工作能力
台灣勞動市場
差異中之差異法
Covid-19
Working from home
Remote work
Taiwan labor market
Difference-in-Difference日期 2023 上傳時間 9-Mar-2023 18:28:42 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文利用台灣行政院主計處人力運用調查數據，研究新冠疫情如何不平等的影響台灣勞動市場。我採用差異中之差異法設計，比較在2020年(疫情發生後)勞動市場中遠端工作能力低於50%(低於50%工作份額可遠端完成)和高於50%的勞工的薪資、工時、時薪與失業率差異，结果表明，在台灣，低遠端工作能力的工作者的每月工時則顯著減少了1.57小時，然而，意外的是月薪資與時薪並無顯著下降，並且失業率也沒有顯著的上升的趨勢。此外，低遠端工作能力者的教育程度背景相較弱勢，平均教育程度在大學學歷以上僅20%，並且多任職於需密切與人接觸或需提供勞力才能完成的工作崗位。這表明工作性質與教育背景可能是造成勞工在疫情下受到不平等衝擊的原因。
This paper examines how Covid-19 epidemic affects the unequal Taiwanese labor market, using data from the Manpower Utilization Survey conducted by the General Accounting Office of the Executive Yuan, I employ a difference-in-differences design by comparing the differences in wages, working hours, hourly pay and unemployment rates between workers with lower than 50% and higher than 50% work-from-home workability in the labor market in 2020 after the epidemic. (less or more than 50% share of work can be done remotely) the results suggest that in Taiwan, the monthly working hours with low remote work capacity are significantly reduced by 1.57 hours, However, surprisingly, there is no significant decrease in monthly wages and hourly earnings did not decrease significantly as well. The unemployment rate also did not show a significant upward trend. In addition, the educational background of low work-from-home workers is relatively weak, with an average of only 20% with a college degree or higher, and they tend to work in jobs that require face-to-face contact with people or labor to perform. Suggesting that the nature of work and educational attainment may have contributed to the unequal impact on workers in the epidemic.參考文獻 Adams-Prassl, A., Boneva, T., Golin, M., & Rauh, C. (2020). Inequality in the impact of the coronavirus shock: Evidence from real-time surveys. Journal of Public Economics, 189, 104245.Adams-Prassl, Abi, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, and Christopher Rauh. 2020. “Work tasks that can be done from home: evidence on the variation within and across occupations and industries.” IZA Discussion Paper 13374.Alon, Titan, Doepke, Matthias, Olmstead-Rumsey, Jane, Tertilt, Michele, 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. National Bureau of Economic Research 26947.Avdiu, Besart, and Gaurav Nayyar. 2020. “When face-to-face interactions become an occupational hazard: Jobs in the time of COVID-19.” Brookings Future Development Blog.Baker, Marissa G. 2020. “Characterizing occupations that cannot work from home: a means to identify susceptible worker groups during the COVID-19 pandemic.” medRxiv.Barbieri, Teresa, Gaetano Basso, and Sergio Scicchitano. 2020. “Italian Workers at Risk during the COVID-19 Epidemic.” http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3572065.Bartik, A. W., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). What jobs are being done at home during the COVID-19 crisis? Evidence from firm-level surveys (No. w27422). National Bureau of Economic Research.Bick, Alexander, Adam Blandin, and Karel Mertens. 2020. “Work from Home After the COVID-19 Outbreak.”Bloom, Nicholas, James Liang, John Roberts, and Zhichun Jenny Ying. 2015. “Does Working from Home Work? Evidence from a Chinese Experiment.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1): 165–218.Brynjolfsson, E., Horton, J. J., Ozimek, A., Rock, D., Sharma, G., & TuYe, H. Y. (2020). COVID-19 and remote work: An early look at US data (No. w27344). National Bureau of Economic Research.Coibion, Olivier, Gorodnichenko, Yuriy, Weber, Michael, 2020. Labor Markets During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Preliminary View. Becker Friedman Institute 41.Dingel, Jonathan, Neiman, Brent, 2020. How many jobs can be done at home? national bureau of Economic Research 26948.Gottlieb, Charles, Jan Grobovsek, and Markus Poschke. 2020. “Working From Home across Countries.” 15 April mimeo.Hatayama, Maho; Viollaz, Mariana; Winkler, Hernan. 2020. Jobs` Amenability to Working from Home: Evidence from Skills Surveys for 53 Countries. Policy Research Working Paper; No. 9241. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33753 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.Kahn, Lisa B., Lange, Fabian,Wiczer, David, 2020. Labor Demand in the Time of COVID-19: Evidence From Vacancy Postings and UI Claims (Mimeo).Koren M, Pető R (2020) Business disruptions from social distancing. PLoS ONE 15(9): e0239113Mongey, Simon, Laura Pilossoph, and Alex Weinberg. 2020. “Which Workers Bear the Burden of Social Distancing Policies?” Becker Friedman Institute white paper.Mongey, Simon, Weinberg, Alex, 2020. Characteristics of Workers in Low Work-from-home and High Personal-proximity Occupations (Working Paper).OECD, 2020. OECD Employment Outlook 2020: Worker Security and the COVID-19 Crisis. OECD Publishing, Paris.Reuschke, D., & Felstead, A. (2020). Homeworking in the UK: before and during the 2020 lockdown.Rodrguez Mora, and José Ruiz. 2020. “Tracking the COVID-19 Crisis with high-resolution transaction data.” Cambridge-INET Working Paper Series No: 2020/16.Saltiel, Fernando. 2020. “Who Can Work From Home in Developing Countries?” 6 April mimeoStratton, James. 2020. “How Many Australians Can Work From Home? An Application of Dingel and Neiman (2020) to Australian Occupation Data.Tomer, Adie and Joseph W. Kane, \\How to protect essential workers during COVID-19," Brookings Report, Brookings Institute March 2020.United Kingdom Office for National Statistics. 2020. “Coronavirus and homeworking in the UK labour market: 2019.”Von Gaudecker, Hans-Martin, Radost Holler, Lena Janys, Bettina Siflinger, and Christian Zimpelmann. 2020. “Labour supply in the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic: empirical evidence on hours, home office, and expectations.” IZA Discussion Paper No.13158.Watson, B. (2020). Coronavirus and homeworking in the UK labour market: 2019. UK Office of National Statistics (ONS). 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
應用經濟與社會發展英語碩士學位學程(IMES)
109266007資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109266007 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 楊子霆 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃琳 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Lin en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃琳 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Lin en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 9-Mar-2023 18:28:42 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 9-Mar-2023 18:28:42 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Mar-2023 18:28:42 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109266007 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143797 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 應用經濟與社會發展英語碩士學位學程(IMES) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109266007 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文利用台灣行政院主計處人力運用調查數據，研究新冠疫情如何不平等的影響台灣勞動市場。我採用差異中之差異法設計，比較在2020年(疫情發生後)勞動市場中遠端工作能力低於50%(低於50%工作份額可遠端完成)和高於50%的勞工的薪資、工時、時薪與失業率差異，结果表明，在台灣，低遠端工作能力的工作者的每月工時則顯著減少了1.57小時，然而，意外的是月薪資與時薪並無顯著下降，並且失業率也沒有顯著的上升的趨勢。此外，低遠端工作能力者的教育程度背景相較弱勢，平均教育程度在大學學歷以上僅20%，並且多任職於需密切與人接觸或需提供勞力才能完成的工作崗位。這表明工作性質與教育背景可能是造成勞工在疫情下受到不平等衝擊的原因。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper examines how Covid-19 epidemic affects the unequal Taiwanese labor market, using data from the Manpower Utilization Survey conducted by the General Accounting Office of the Executive Yuan, I employ a difference-in-differences design by comparing the differences in wages, working hours, hourly pay and unemployment rates between workers with lower than 50% and higher than 50% work-from-home workability in the labor market in 2020 after the epidemic. (less or more than 50% share of work can be done remotely) the results suggest that in Taiwan, the monthly working hours with low remote work capacity are significantly reduced by 1.57 hours, However, surprisingly, there is no significant decrease in monthly wages and hourly earnings did not decrease significantly as well. The unemployment rate also did not show a significant upward trend. In addition, the educational background of low work-from-home workers is relatively weak, with an average of only 20% with a college degree or higher, and they tend to work in jobs that require face-to-face contact with people or labor to perform. Suggesting that the nature of work and educational attainment may have contributed to the unequal impact on workers in the epidemic. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Table of ContentChapter1 Introduction 1Chapter2 Literature Review 3Chapter3 Background: 63.1 The impact of The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Covid-19) on Taiwan’s labor market 63.2 About Working from home 7Chapter4 Empirical Method 94.1 Data 94.2 Define working from home index 104.3 Sample 104.4 Description Statistic 12Chapter 5 Empirical Result and Analysis 16Chapter 6 Conclusion 21References 24List of FiguresFigure 1 14Figure 2 14Figure 3 14Figure 4 15List of TablesTable 1 Descriptive Statistics for Treatment and Control Group 28Table 2: The Effect of Covid-19 on the Labor Market: Monthly Earnings 29Table 3: The Effect of Covid-19 on the Labor Market: Monthly Working Hour 30Table 4: The Effect of Covid-19 on the Labor Market: Hourly Earning 31Table 5: The Effect of Covid-19 on the Labor Market: Job loss 32 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1308793 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109266007 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新冠肺炎 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 居家辦公 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 遠端工作能力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣勞動市場 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 差異中之差異法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Covid-19 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Working from home en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Remote work en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwan labor market en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Difference-in-Difference en_US dc.title (題名) 新冠肺炎疫情對台灣勞動市場的影響 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Taiwan`s Labor Market en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adams-Prassl, A., Boneva, T., Golin, M., & Rauh, C. (2020). Inequality in the impact of the coronavirus shock: Evidence from real-time surveys. Journal of Public Economics, 189, 104245.Adams-Prassl, Abi, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, and Christopher Rauh. 2020. “Work tasks that can be done from home: evidence on the variation within and across occupations and industries.” IZA Discussion Paper 13374.Alon, Titan, Doepke, Matthias, Olmstead-Rumsey, Jane, Tertilt, Michele, 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. National Bureau of Economic Research 26947.Avdiu, Besart, and Gaurav Nayyar. 2020. “When face-to-face interactions become an occupational hazard: Jobs in the time of COVID-19.” Brookings Future Development Blog.Baker, Marissa G. 2020. “Characterizing occupations that cannot work from home: a means to identify susceptible worker groups during the COVID-19 pandemic.” medRxiv.Barbieri, Teresa, Gaetano Basso, and Sergio Scicchitano. 2020. “Italian Workers at Risk during the COVID-19 Epidemic.” http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3572065.Bartik, A. W., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). What jobs are being done at home during the COVID-19 crisis? Evidence from firm-level surveys (No. w27422). National Bureau of Economic Research.Bick, Alexander, Adam Blandin, and Karel Mertens. 2020. “Work from Home After the COVID-19 Outbreak.”Bloom, Nicholas, James Liang, John Roberts, and Zhichun Jenny Ying. 2015. “Does Working from Home Work? Evidence from a Chinese Experiment.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1): 165–218.Brynjolfsson, E., Horton, J. J., Ozimek, A., Rock, D., Sharma, G., & TuYe, H. Y. (2020). COVID-19 and remote work: An early look at US data (No. w27344). National Bureau of Economic Research.Coibion, Olivier, Gorodnichenko, Yuriy, Weber, Michael, 2020. Labor Markets During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Preliminary View. Becker Friedman Institute 41.Dingel, Jonathan, Neiman, Brent, 2020. How many jobs can be done at home? national bureau of Economic Research 26948.Gottlieb, Charles, Jan Grobovsek, and Markus Poschke. 2020. “Working From Home across Countries.” 15 April mimeo.Hatayama, Maho; Viollaz, Mariana; Winkler, Hernan. 2020. Jobs` Amenability to Working from Home: Evidence from Skills Surveys for 53 Countries. Policy Research Working Paper; No. 9241. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33753 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.Kahn, Lisa B., Lange, Fabian,Wiczer, David, 2020. Labor Demand in the Time of COVID-19: Evidence From Vacancy Postings and UI Claims (Mimeo).Koren M, Pető R (2020) Business disruptions from social distancing. PLoS ONE 15(9): e0239113Mongey, Simon, Laura Pilossoph, and Alex Weinberg. 2020. “Which Workers Bear the Burden of Social Distancing Policies?” Becker Friedman Institute white paper.Mongey, Simon, Weinberg, Alex, 2020. Characteristics of Workers in Low Work-from-home and High Personal-proximity Occupations (Working Paper).OECD, 2020. OECD Employment Outlook 2020: Worker Security and the COVID-19 Crisis. OECD Publishing, Paris.Reuschke, D., & Felstead, A. (2020). Homeworking in the UK: before and during the 2020 lockdown.Rodrguez Mora, and José Ruiz. 2020. “Tracking the COVID-19 Crisis with high-resolution transaction data.” Cambridge-INET Working Paper Series No: 2020/16.Saltiel, Fernando. 2020. “Who Can Work From Home in Developing Countries?” 6 April mimeoStratton, James. 2020. “How Many Australians Can Work From Home? An Application of Dingel and Neiman (2020) to Australian Occupation Data.Tomer, Adie and Joseph W. Kane, \\How to protect essential workers during COVID-19," Brookings Report, Brookings Institute March 2020.United Kingdom Office for National Statistics. 2020. “Coronavirus and homeworking in the UK labour market: 2019.”Von Gaudecker, Hans-Martin, Radost Holler, Lena Janys, Bettina Siflinger, and Christian Zimpelmann. 2020. “Labour supply in the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic: empirical evidence on hours, home office, and expectations.” IZA Discussion Paper No.13158.Watson, B. (2020). Coronavirus and homeworking in the UK labour market: 2019. UK Office of National Statistics (ONS). zh_TW
