學術產出-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
題名 妥協的政治:印尼外交政策中的伊斯蘭因素
The Politics of Compromise: The Islamic Factor in Indonesia`s Foreign Policy作者 林志育
Lin, Chih-Yu貢獻者 楊昊<br>陳秉逵
Yang, Hao<br>Chen, Ping-Kuei
林志育
Lin, Chih-Yu關鍵詞 印尼外交政策
佐科威
新古典現實主義
伊斯蘭因素
雙層賽局
Indonesian Foreign Policy
Jokowi
Neoclassical Realism
Islamic Factor
Two-level game日期 2023 上傳時間 6-Apr-2023 18:01:56 (UTC+8) 摘要 印尼建國以來便面對國內世俗派穆斯林與伊斯蘭主義者兩派的路線之爭,此一歷史脈絡使得印尼的國家定位夾處於世俗性國家與宗教性國家之間,因此可見印尼決策者在特定議題上向國內宗教勢力妥協。這不僅促使印尼的外交活動在伊斯蘭相關的國際議題上相當活躍,也使得印尼外交決策者在追逐國家利益的過程中必須顧及國內伊斯蘭議題的發展。對此,本文汲取新古典現實主義的理論框架並結合Rizal Sukma的「雙重身份困境」,對佐科威任內的穆斯林相關外交事件進行分析;除了對佐科威任內的國家利益考量與政治發展進行回顧外,本文亦分析印尼伊斯蘭因素在此時期的發展,並歸納該因素發揮作用時的必要條件。
Since its founding, Indonesia has faced a struggle between two factions: secular Muslims and Islamists. This historical backdrop places Indonesia`s national identity somewhere between a secular state and a religious one, leading its policymakers to compromise with domestic religious groups on specific issues. This characteristic not only fuelsIndonesia`s active participation in international Islamic issues but also requires its foreign policymakers to take domestic Islamic issues into consideration when pursuing national interests. To analyze Muslim-related diplomatic events during Jokowi’s tenure, this article extracts theoretical frameworks from Neoclassical Realism and combines them with Rizal Sukma`s “Dual Identity Dilemma”. In addition to examining national interest considerations and political developments during Joko Widodo`s tenure, this article also analyzes the development of Islamic factors in Indonesia during this period and summarizes the necessary conditions for these factors to play a role.參考文獻 一、 中文文獻網際網路2013,〈印尼經濟為何坐困愁城?〉,天下雜誌:https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5052006 。2020/10/27。2015,〈印尼失業嚴重 佐科威處境日艱〉,Yahoo新聞:https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%A4%B1%E6%A5%AD%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D-%E4%BD%90%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E8%99%95%E5%A2%83%E6%97%A5%E8%89%B1-134701898.html 。2022/11/23。2017,〈印尼華裔省長鍾萬學褻瀆宗教獲刑兩年〉,BBC News 中文:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-39857303。2022年5月15日。2017,〈印尼華裔省長鍾萬學褻瀆宗教獲刑兩年〉,BBC中文網:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-39857303 。2020/10/31。2020,〈印尼望日本加強於爭議水域島嶼投資〉,美國之音:https://www.voacantonese.com/a/indonesia-asks-japan-to-invest-in-islands-near-waters-disputed-with-china-20200110/5240037.html 。2020/10/20。2022,〈印尼雅萬高鐵2023年通車在即,建設公司再向中國投資銀行追加16.1兆印尼盾貸款〉,關鍵評論網:https://www.thenewslens.com/article/176395 。2022/12/12。2022,〈雅萬高鐵紀行:印尼雄心遇見中國棋局〉,BBC中文網:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-63712198 。2022/12/12。雅加達台灣貿易中心,2022,〈政府大力扶持發展 綠色汽車政策 印尼推動電動車產業〉,台灣經貿網:https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%9B%E6%89%B6%E6%8C%81%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95-%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96-%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%8E%A8%E5%8B%95%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD-2529827.html 。2022/11/22。經濟部,2020,〈透過印尼-澳洲全面經濟夥伴協定(IA-CEPA ),印尼尋求更大市場准入。〉,台灣經貿網:https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E9%80%8F%E9%81%8E%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%A5%E4%BC%B4%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A-ia-cepa-%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%8B%E6%B1%82%E6%9B%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E5%87%86%E5%85%A5-1951270.html 。2022/11/22。專書王雲東,2016,《社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用》。新北市:楊志出版社。紀舜傑,2019,〈印尼的國家認同:異中求同的歷程〉,施正鋒主編,《千禧年來的印尼》,頁 61-77,台北:台灣國際研究學會。ISBN:978-986- 97485-2-0游雅雯,2019,〈伊斯蘭對當代印尼政黨政治之影響〉,施正鋒主編,《千禧年來的印尼》,頁 271-290,台北:台灣國際研究學會。ISBN:978-986- 97485-2-0期刊文章吳東林,2019,〈印尼國民軍及其印太區域角色〉,《臺灣國際研究季刊》,第16卷第2期,頁99-124。孫采薇,2016,〈印尼民主化:優勢政黨的式微與多黨政治的發展〉,《民主與治理》,第3卷第1期,頁31-61。DOI: 10.3966/2311505X2016020301002區鉅龍,1997,〈印尼外交政策基本方針:持續與演變〉,《問題與研究》,第36卷第7期,頁25-34。DOI: 10.30390/ISC.199707_36(7).0002廖舜右&蔡松伯,2013,〈新古典現實主義與外交政策分析的再連結〉,《問題與研究》,第52卷第3期,43–61。DOI:10.30390/ISC.201309_52(3).0002鄧玉英,2019,〈印尼經濟發展的政策分析〉,《臺灣國際研究季刊》,第16卷第2期,頁129-152。博碩士論文何景榮,2004,〈印尼民主轉型下的戈爾卡黨〉,國立政治大學政治系碩士學位論文。賴彥鈞,2020,〈印尼對中國大陸之避險策略分析:以佐科威政府為例〉,國立政治大學外交系碩士學位論文。二、 英文文獻專書Baldwin, D. A., 2016. Power and International Relations: A Conceptual Approach. Princeton University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1q1xsp6Burchill, S., 2005. The National Interest in International Relations Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Dorn-Harder P. V., 2006. Women Shaping Islam: Reading the Qu`ran in Indonesia(1st ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Esposito, J. L., 2013. Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics. USA: Oxford University Press.Feillard, A. & Madinier, R. 2011. The End of Innocence? Indonesian Islam and the Temptation of Radicalism. US: University of Hawaii Press.Fox, J., & Sandler, S., 2004. Bringing Religion into International Relations (1st ed). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Jones, D.M., & Mei, S.C.E. 2019. “ASEAN’s Economic Community: ASEAN Way or Beijing’s Way?.” in Macdonald, R., eds., Southeast Asia and the ASEAN Economic Community. Palgrave Macmillan: Cham. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19722-3_13Lincoln, B., 2006. Holy Terrors: Thinking About Religion after September 11 (2nd edition). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Mietzner, M., 2013. Money, Power, and Ideology: Political Parties in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia. NUS Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1nthsjMorgenthau, H., 1985. Politics among nations: The struggle for peace and power (6th ed.). New York: Knopf.Sukma, R., 2004. Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.Temby, Q. 2022. “5. Disinformation, Post-Election Violence and the Evolution of Anti-Chinese Sentiment.” in The Jokowi-Prabowo Elections 2.0. ISEAS Publishing. doi: https://doi.org/10.1355/9789815011371-008Weinstein, F. B., 2007. Indonesian Foreign Policy and the Dilemma of Dependence: From Sukarno to Soeharto. (2nd ed.) Equinox Publishing.期刊文章Al-Hamdi, R., 2017. “Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia.” Journal of Government and Politics, Vol. 8, No.1, pp. 48-78. DOI: 10.18196/jgp.8150Anwar, D. F., 2018. “Foreign Policy, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 37–54. https://doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v3i1.45Arifianto, A. 2017. “Islam Nusantara & Its Critics: The Rise of NU’s Young Clerics.” RSIS Commentary, No. 18.Bourchier, D. M., 2019. “Two Decades of Ideological Contestation in Indonesia: From Democratic Cosmopolitanism to Religious Nationalism.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp.1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620Brown, N. J.,2000. “Constituting Palestine: The Effort to Write a Basic Law for the Palestinian Authority.” in Middle East Journal, Vol. 54, No.1, pp.25–43.Burton, G., 2021. “Middle power behavior under multipolarity: Indonesia and Malaysia in the Middle East since the Arab uprisings.” Asian Politics & Policy, Vol.13, pp. 228-247. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/aspp.12577Dewi, A. F., 2010. “foreign Policy, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities ,Vol. 3, pp. 37-54. doi: http://jissh.journal.lipi.go.id/index.php/jissh/article/view/45Facal, G., 2020. “Islamic Defenders Front Militia (Front Pembela Islam) and its Impact on Growing Religious Intolerance in Indonesia.” TRaNS: Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia, Vol.8, Issue 1, pp. 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.15Gindarsah, I., & Priamarizki, A., 2015. “INDONESIA’S MARITIME DOCTRINE AND SECURITY CONCERNS.” S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep05869Gourevitch, P., 1978. “The second image reversed: The international sources of domestic politics.” International Organization, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 881–912. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002081830003201XHuntington, S. P., 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations? “Foreign Affairs”, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 22–49. https://doi.org/10.2307/20045621Hussain, S., 2021. “The Us Recognition of Jerusalem: Aspects and Implications.” in Middle European Scientific Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.47494/mesb.2021.11.483Kokosalakis, N., 1985. “Legitimation Power and Religion in Modern Society.” Sociology of Religion, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 367–376. https://doi.org/10.2307/3711153Menchik, J., 2019. “Moderate Muslims and Democratic Breakdown in Indonesia.” Asian Studies Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 415–433. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2019.1627286Murphy, A. M., 2020. “Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy: The Limits of Muslim Solidarity for the Rohingya and Uighurs.” Asan Institute for policy studies, URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep27633.Nath, S., & Gusti, R., 2020. “An Assessment of Economic and Financial Impacts of Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Project.” Journal of Business and Political Economy, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.45–55. doi: https://doi.org/10.46851/27Nuechterlein, D. E., 1979. “Concept of National Interest: Time for New Approaches.” Orbis-a journal of world affairs, Vol. 23, No.1, pp.73-92.Putnam, R. D., 2022. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games.” International Organization, Vol. 42, No.3, pp. 427-460. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2706785Reuter T., 2015. “Political Parties and the Power of Money in Indonesia and Beyond.” TRANS-TRANS-REGIONAL AND -NATIONAL STUDIES OF SOUTHEAST ASIA, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 267-288. DOI: 10.1017/trn.2014.23Rose, G., 1998. “Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy.” World Politics, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 144–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100007814THIES, C. G., & Sari, A. C., 2018. “A Role Theory Approach to Middle Powers: Making Sense of Indonesia’s Place in the International System.” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol.40, No.3, pp. 397–421. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26545301Toledo, H., 2017. “The IA-CEPA and sector adjustments: A specific-factors model of production.” in International Review of Economics & Finance, Vol. 48, pp.201–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.11.006Ufen, A., 2008. “Political party and party system institutionalization in Southeast Asia: Lessons for democratic consolidation in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand.” The Pacific Review, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 327–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740802134174Ward, K., 2009. “Non-violent extremists? Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia.” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 63, Issue 2, pp. 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357710902895103Warner, C. M., & Walker, S. G., 2011. “Thinking about the Role of Religion in Foreign Policy: A Framework for Analysis.” Foreign Policy Analysis, Vol, 7. No. 1, pp.113–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2010.00125.xWeiss, M. L., 2007. “What a Little Democracy Can Do: Comparing Trajectories of Reform in Malaysia and Indonesia.” Democratization, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 26–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340601024280網際網路1947. “The Question of Palestine and the General Assembly.” in United Nations: https://www.un.org/unispal/data-collection/general-assembly/ , Available: 2022/11/14.1980. “Security Council Resolution 478.” In UNSCR: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/399/71/PDF/NR039971.pdf?OpenElement , Available: 2022/11/20.2014. “Indonesia; avoiding the trap.” in World Bank: http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/EAP/Indonesia/Indonesia-development-policy-review-2014-english.pdf , Available: 2022/11/21.2015. “RI, China Hunting down Xinjiang Terrorism Suspects in Poso.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/02/10/ri-china-hunting-down-xinjiang-terrorism-suspects-poso.html , Available: 2022/12/19.2017. “Jerusalem: Trump move prompts negative world reaction.” in BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-42250340 ,Available: 2022/11/15.2019, “Indonesia urges calm in Papua after two weeks of protests.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-papua-idUSKCN1VK1B4, Available: 2022/10/26.2019. “Indonesia election: Joko Widodo re-elected as president.” In BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48331879 , Available: 2022/10/31.2019. “Indonesia has a Papua problem.” in The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/26/opinion/papua-riots-indonesia-monkey.html, Available: 2022/10/26.2019. “IPAC Report: Explaining Indonesia’s Silence on the Uyghur Issue.” in New York Southeast Asia Network: https://nysean.org/blog/2019/6/25/ipac-report-explaining-indonesias-silence-on-the-uyghur-issue , Available: 2022/12/16.2019. “National Single Window for Investment.” in Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal: https://nswi.bkpm.go.id/data_statistik , Available: 2022/12/25.2019. “Thousands Rally in Indonesia, Malaysia to Protest China’s Treatment of Uyghurs.” in Radio Free Asia: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/indonesia-malaysia-protests-12272019153424.html , Available: 2022/12/15.2021. “China Cuts Uighur Births with IUDs, Abortion, Sterilization.” in AP NEWS: https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-international-news-weekend-reads-china-health-269b3de1af34e17c1941a514f78d764c , Available: 2022/12/11.2021. “Uighurs: Western Countries Sanction China over Rights Abuses.” in BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56487162 , Available: 2022/12/11.2022. “Basic Laws.” in The Knesset: https://m.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/pages/basiclaws.aspx , Available: 2022/11/14.2022. “Birth Rate, Crude (per 1,000 People) - China | Data.” in The World Bank: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.CBRT.IN?start=2015&end=2018&locations=CN , Available: 2022/12/11.2022. “Honduras to consider returning Israeli embassy to Tel Aviv from Jerusalem.” In Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/world/honduras-consider-returning-israeli-embassy-tel-aviv-jerusalem-2022-08-08/ , Available: 2022/11/16.2022. “Indonesia defence minister Prabowo accepts party’s nomination to run for president.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-defence-minister-prabowo-accepts-partys-nomination-run-president-2022-08-12/ , Available: 2022/10/30.2022. “Indonesia trade balance, exports and imports by country and region 2020” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/IDN/Year/2020/TradeFlow/EXPIMP , Available: 2022/12/23.2022. “Indonesia Trade” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/countrysnapshot/en/IDN , Available: 2022/11/22.2022. “Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement: Outcomes.” in Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: https://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/not-yet-in-force/iacepa/Pages/ia-cepa-key-outcomes-for-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.2022. “Reversal of recognition of West Jerusalem.” in Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: https://www.foreignminister.gov.au/minister/penny-wong/media-release/reversal-recognition-west-jerusalem , Available: 2022/11/21.2022. “Top Exporters and Importers by country and region 2017” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/WLD/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP , Available: 2022/12/22.Balachandran, N. & Tuchrello, W., 2019. “Recognizing Israel Aligns with Indonesia’s Interests, Ambitions, & Constitution.” in East-West Center: https://www.eastwestcenter.org/publications/recognizing-israel-aligns-indonesia%E2%80%99s-interests-ambitions-constitution , 2022/11/24.Basu, Z., 2020. “Mapped: More Countries Sign UN Statement Condemning China’s Mass Detentions in Xinjiang.” in Axios: https://www.axios.com/2020/10/08/un-statement-china-uighurs-xinjiang , Available: 2022/12/12.Brown, N. J.,2000. “Constituting Palestine: The Effort to Write a Basic Law for the Palestinian Authority.” in Middle East Journal, Vol. 54, No.1, pp.25–43.Clench, S., 2018. “Wentworth by-election poll shows Kerryn Phelps beating Dave Sharma.” in The Courier Mail: https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/national/shock-internal-polling-shows-government-losing-wentworth-byelection/news-story/a76bb601b42a8f1b358809ff8c189ffc , Available: 2022/11/17.Emont, J. 2019. “How China Persuaded One Muslim Nation to Keep Silent on Xinjiang Camps.” in WSJ: https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-china-persuaded-one-muslim-nation-to-keep-silent-on-xinjiang-camps-11576090976 , Available: 2022/12/16.Fassihi, F., 2017. “Fourteen of 15 Security Council Members Denounce U.S. Stance on Jerusalem” in The Wall Street Journal: https://www.wsj.com/articles/fourteen-of-15-security-council-members-denounce-u-s-stance-on-jerusalem-1512777971 , Available: 2022/11/15.Fealy, G., 2010. “Front stage with the PKS.” in Inside Indonesia: https://www.insideindonesia.org/front-stage-with-the-pks , Available: 2022/10/30.Fealy, G., 2016. “Bigger than Ahok: Explaining the 2 December mass rally.” Indonesia at Melbourne: https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/bigger-than-ahok-explaining-jakartas-2-december-mass-rally/, Available: 2022/10/31.Feng, E., 2018. “Uighur Children Fall Victim to China Anti-Terror Drive.” In Financial Times: https://www.ft.com/content/f0d3223a-7f4d-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d , Available: 2022/12/11.Gunawan, A., 2018. “Indonesian Muslims stage rally in support of Uighurs.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/12/22/indonesian-muslims-stage-rally-in-support-of-uighurs.html , Available: 2022/12/12.Heller, J., & Williams, M., 2018. “Guatemala opens embassy in Jerusalem, two days after U.S. move.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-palestinians-guatemala-idUSKCN1IH0Q7 , Available: 2022/11/16.Karmini, N., 2019. “Indonesian Muslims Protest China’s Treatment of Uighurs.” in AP NEWS: https://apnews.com/article/4e8d93bd75803a44f9b7bdd9e48f5186 , Available: 2022/12/15.Khatchadourian, R. 2021. “Surviving the Crackdown in Xinjiang.”in The New Yorker: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/04/12/surviving-the-crackdown-in-xinjiang , Available: 2022/12/11.Laksmana, E., 2018. “Why does it matter to Indonesia if Australia moves its embassy to Jerusalem?” in The Strategist: https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/why-does-it-matter-to-indonesia-if-australia-moves-its-embassy-to-jerusalem/ , Available: 2022/11/23.Laksmana, E., 2018. “Will religious sectarianism change Indonesian foreign policy?” in The Strategist: https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/will-religious-sectarianism-change-indonesian-foreign-policy/ , Available: 2022/12/19.Lang, N., 2020. “Indonesia proposes bill to force LGBTQ people into ‘rehabilitation’ .” in NBC News: https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/indonesia-proposes-bill-force-lgbtq-people-rehabilitation-n1146861 , Avaliable: 2022/10/31.Massola, J. 2018. “Payne, Retno to meet after ‘slap to Indonesia’s face’ over embassy.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/payne-retno-to-meet-after-slap-to-indonesia-s-face-over-embassy-20181205-p50kbm.html , Available: 2022/11/17.Massola, J., & Rompies, M., 2018. “New doubts over when Indonesia-Australia free trade deal will be signed.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/new-doubts-over-when-indonesia-australia-free-trade-deal-will-be-signed-20181109-p50f6e.html , Available: 2022/11/17.Muhammad, D. & Kurniawan, D., 2014. “Getting down to business: Jokowi’s salesman diplomacy.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/30/getting-down-business-jokowi-s-salesman-diplomacy.html , Available: 2022/10/28.Nagda, A., 2020. “The Islamization of Indonesia’s Foreign Policy.” in The Diplomat: https://thediplomat.com/2020/03/the-islamization-of-indonesias-foreign-policy/Nebehay, S., 2018. “U.N. says it has credible reports that China holds million Uighurs in secret camps.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-rights-un-idUSKBN1KV1SU , Available: 2022/12/11.Permana, E., & Muhammad L. N., & Nicky W. A., 2019. “Indonesia denies being quiet on Uighur persecution.” in Anadolu Agency: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/indonesia-denies-being-quiet-on-uighur-persecution/1685912 , Available: 2022/12/12.Saat, N., & Dewayanti, A., 2020. “Jokowi’s Management of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU): A New Order Approach?” in ISEAS: https://www.iseas.edu.sg/articles-commentaries/iseas-perspective/20201-jokowis-management-of-nahdlatul-ulama-nu-a-new-order-approach-by-norshahril-saat-and-aninda-dewayanti/ , Available: 2022/04/29.Sandhu, S., 2018. “The 32 countries that support the US embassy moving to Jerusalem.” in iNews: https://inews.co.uk/news/world/the-32-countries-that-support-the-us-embassy-moving-to-jerusalem-154460 ,Available: 2022/11/16.Surkheel, S. A. A., 2007. “The Truth About Taqlid (Part 1).” in MuslimMatters: https://muslimmatters.org/2007/11/09/the-truth-about-taqlid-part-1/Tani, S. 2019. “Indonesia and Australia finally sign free trade deal.” in Nikkei Asia: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Indonesia-and-Australia-finally-sign-free-trade-deal , Available: 2022/11/17.Taylor, A., 2018. “If Australia moves its embassy to Jerusalem, it could put an $11 billion trade deal at risk.” In The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2018/10/17/if-australia-moves-its-embassy-jerusalem-it-could-put-an-billion-trade-deal-risk/ , Available: 2022/11/16.Topsfield, J., 2017. “Jakarta governor contender Anies Baswedan under fire for meeting Islamic hardliners.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/jakarta-governor-contender-anies-baswedan-under-fire-for-meeting-islamic-hardliners-20170103-gtlasx.html , Available: 2022/10/31.Turner, A., 2018. “After US embassy makes controversial move to Jerusalem, more countries follow its lead.” in CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/17/after-us-embassy-move-to-jerusalem-more-countries-follow-its-lead.html , Available: 2022/11/15.Walden, M. 2019. “Indonesia’s Opposition Takes Up the Uighur Cause.” in Foreign Policy: https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/02/05/indonesias-opposition-takes-up-the-uighur-cause/ Available: 2022/12/17.Welch, D., 2019. “Arrest by Algorithm: Inside the Dystopian State of Surveillance and Repression in Xinjiang.”in ABC News: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-25/china-cables-beijings-xinjiang-secrets-revealed/11719016 , Available: 2022/12/11.Winn, P., 2019. “The world’s largest Islamic group wants Muslims to stop saying infidel.” in The World from PRX: https://theworld.org/stories/2019-03-08/world-s-largest-islamic-group-wants-muslims-stop-saying-infidel, Available: 2022/10/31.Wooward, M., 2020. “This Indonesian Muslim group is keeping millions safe during COVID-19.” in Religion Unplugged: https://religionunplugged.com/news/2020/4/30/this-indonesian-muslim-group-is-leading-millions-to-safety-during-covid-19 , Available: 2022/10/31.Zhinipotoku, Z., & Semini, L., 2021. “With diplomatic ties established, Kosovo opens embassy in Jerusalem.” in The Times of Israel: https://www.timesofisrael.com/with-diplomatic-ties-established-kosovo-opens-embassy-in-jerusalem/ , Available: 2022/11/16.三、 印尼文文獻專書Haris, S., 1991. PPP dan politik Orde Baru. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia.網際網路2018. “Demo Protes Pernyataan Prabowo Soal Kedubes Australia Masih Berlanjut.” in Jatimnow: https://kumparan.com/jatim-now-admin/demo-protes-pernyataan-prabowo-soal-kedubes-australia-masih-berlanjut-1543912974945900506 , Available: 2022/11/22.2018. “FPI-Prabowo Beda Sikap soal Kedubes Australia di Yerusalem.” in CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20181123102519-32-348649/fpi-prabowo-beda-sikap-soal-kedubes-australia-di-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/17.2018. “Ketua Komisi I Kecam Pemindahan Kedutaan Australia ke Yerusalem.” in Dewan Pengurus Pusat Partai Keadilan Sejahtera: https://pks.id/content/ketua-komisi-i-kecam-pemindahan-kedutaan-australia-ke-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/22.2018. “Tuntut Prabowo Minta Maaf, Massa Demo di Konjen Australia.” in CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20181128065314-20-349786/tuntut-prabowo-minta-maaf-massa-demo-di-konjen-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.2021. “Melihat Lagi Gegeran Banteng Vs Celeng di Jateng.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-5769604/melihat-lagi-gegeran-banteng-vs-celeng-di-jateng , Available: 2022/10/30.Farisa, F. C., 2020. “6 Alasan Pemerintah Bubarkan dan Larang Kegiatan FPI...” in Kompas: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/12/30/14545951/6-alasan-pemerintah-bubarkan-dan-larang-kegiatan-fpi?page=all , Available: 2022/10/31.Ibrahim, C. M., 2019. “Fadli Zon: Gerindra Jelas Tolak LGBT.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4802811/fadli-zon-gerindra-jelas-tolak-lgbt , Available: 2022/10/30.Jurnaliston, R., 2018. “Respons Ma`ruf soal Pandangan Prabowo Terkait Pemindahan Kedutaan Australia ke Yerusalem.” in Kompas: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/11/24/23200341/respons-maruf-soal-pandangan-prabowo-terkait-pemindahan-kedutaan-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.Kami, I. M., “MUI Nyatakan Sikap Soal Ucapan Ahok Terkait Al Maidah 51, ini Isinya.” In Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3318150/mui-nyatakan-sikap-soal-ucapan-ahok-terkait-al-maidah-51-ini-isinya , Available: 2022/10/31.Mazrieva, E., 2017. “Bantu Atasi Krisis Rohingya, Menlu RI Sampaikan Usul ‘4+1’.” in VOA: https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/bantu-atasi-krisis-rohingya-menlu-ri-sampaikan-usul-4-1/4014956.html , Available: 2023/02/20.Ramdhani, J., 2018. “FPI Kecam Australia yang Berniat Pindahkan Kedubes ke Yerusalem.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4314666/fpi-kecam-australia-yang-berniat-pindahkan-kedubes-ke-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/22.Sadewo, J., 2021. “Rayakan HUT Ke-23, PAN Nyatakan Posisi Politiknya di Tengah.” in Republika: https://www.republika.co.id/berita/qya9gl318/rayakan-hut-ke23-pan-nyatakan-posisi-politiknya-di-tengah , Available: 2022/10/30.Soegiarto, Y & Nonto, A. W., 2014. “Visi Indonesia 2045 Versi Golkar” in Berita Satu: https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/169277/visi-indonesia-2045-versi-golkar , Available: 2022/10/29.博碩士論文Arfino, B., 2020. “Analisis Faktor Islam Dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia pada Masa Pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo Periode 2014-2019.” The study program of International relation, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Indonesia.四、 翻譯文獻戴維信,鄺健銘譯,2019,《印尼模式:國家民主化二十年史》。臺北市:季風帶文化有限公司。 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交學系
109253013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109253013 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 楊昊<br>陳秉逵 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Yang, Hao<br>Chen, Ping-Kuei en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林志育 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Chih-Yu en_US dc.creator (作者) 林志育 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Chih-Yu en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 6-Apr-2023 18:01:56 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 6-Apr-2023 18:01:56 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 6-Apr-2023 18:01:56 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109253013 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/144049 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 外交學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109253013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 印尼建國以來便面對國內世俗派穆斯林與伊斯蘭主義者兩派的路線之爭,此一歷史脈絡使得印尼的國家定位夾處於世俗性國家與宗教性國家之間,因此可見印尼決策者在特定議題上向國內宗教勢力妥協。這不僅促使印尼的外交活動在伊斯蘭相關的國際議題上相當活躍,也使得印尼外交決策者在追逐國家利益的過程中必須顧及國內伊斯蘭議題的發展。對此,本文汲取新古典現實主義的理論框架並結合Rizal Sukma的「雙重身份困境」,對佐科威任內的穆斯林相關外交事件進行分析;除了對佐科威任內的國家利益考量與政治發展進行回顧外,本文亦分析印尼伊斯蘭因素在此時期的發展,並歸納該因素發揮作用時的必要條件。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since its founding, Indonesia has faced a struggle between two factions: secular Muslims and Islamists. This historical backdrop places Indonesia`s national identity somewhere between a secular state and a religious one, leading its policymakers to compromise with domestic religious groups on specific issues. This characteristic not only fuelsIndonesia`s active participation in international Islamic issues but also requires its foreign policymakers to take domestic Islamic issues into consideration when pursuing national interests. To analyze Muslim-related diplomatic events during Jokowi’s tenure, this article extracts theoretical frameworks from Neoclassical Realism and combines them with Rizal Sukma`s “Dual Identity Dilemma”. In addition to examining national interest considerations and political developments during Joko Widodo`s tenure, this article also analyzes the development of Islamic factors in Indonesia during this period and summarizes the necessary conditions for these factors to play a role. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1第一節、研究動機與研究目的 1第二節、文獻回顧 3第三節、研究途徑與方法 14第四節、研究範圍、案例選擇 18第五節、章節安排 20第二章、2014-2020年印尼國家利益與國內政治環境介紹 21第一節 印尼國家利益之定位 21第二節 印尼主要政黨光譜介紹 28第三節 2014-2020年間印尼伊斯蘭因素之發展 38第三章、澳大利亞宣布搬遷駐以色列大使館案 43第一節 爭議的緣起與澳洲宣布搬遷駐以色列大使館事件 43第二節 分析——「國家利益」與「國內政治因素」 48第三節 決策者評估 54第四節 小結 57第四章、新疆維吾爾族受迫害事件 60第一節 新疆維吾爾族受迫害事件與印方之反應 60第二節 分析——「國家利益」與「國內政治因素」 63第三節、決策者評估 71第四節、小結 72第五章、結論 74第一節、比較案例分析與研究結果 75第二節、研究限制與未來研究建議 81參考文獻 83附錄1-1:訪談大綱 100附錄1-2:記錄摘要 105 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2915055 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109253013 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 印尼外交政策 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 佐科威 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新古典現實主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 伊斯蘭因素 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 雙層賽局 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indonesian Foreign Policy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Jokowi en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Neoclassical Realism en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Islamic Factor en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Two-level game en_US dc.title (題名) 妥協的政治:印尼外交政策中的伊斯蘭因素 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Politics of Compromise: The Islamic Factor in Indonesia`s Foreign Policy en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文文獻網際網路2013,〈印尼經濟為何坐困愁城?〉,天下雜誌:https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5052006 。2020/10/27。2015,〈印尼失業嚴重 佐科威處境日艱〉,Yahoo新聞:https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%A4%B1%E6%A5%AD%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D-%E4%BD%90%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E8%99%95%E5%A2%83%E6%97%A5%E8%89%B1-134701898.html 。2022/11/23。2017,〈印尼華裔省長鍾萬學褻瀆宗教獲刑兩年〉,BBC News 中文:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-39857303。2022年5月15日。2017,〈印尼華裔省長鍾萬學褻瀆宗教獲刑兩年〉,BBC中文網:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-39857303 。2020/10/31。2020,〈印尼望日本加強於爭議水域島嶼投資〉,美國之音:https://www.voacantonese.com/a/indonesia-asks-japan-to-invest-in-islands-near-waters-disputed-with-china-20200110/5240037.html 。2020/10/20。2022,〈印尼雅萬高鐵2023年通車在即,建設公司再向中國投資銀行追加16.1兆印尼盾貸款〉,關鍵評論網:https://www.thenewslens.com/article/176395 。2022/12/12。2022,〈雅萬高鐵紀行:印尼雄心遇見中國棋局〉,BBC中文網:https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-63712198 。2022/12/12。雅加達台灣貿易中心,2022,〈政府大力扶持發展 綠色汽車政策 印尼推動電動車產業〉,台灣經貿網:https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%9B%E6%89%B6%E6%8C%81%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95-%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96-%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%8E%A8%E5%8B%95%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD-2529827.html 。2022/11/22。經濟部,2020,〈透過印尼-澳洲全面經濟夥伴協定(IA-CEPA ),印尼尋求更大市場准入。〉,台灣經貿網:https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E9%80%8F%E9%81%8E%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%A5%E4%BC%B4%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A-ia-cepa-%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%8B%E6%B1%82%E6%9B%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E5%87%86%E5%85%A5-1951270.html 。2022/11/22。專書王雲東,2016,《社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用》。新北市:楊志出版社。紀舜傑,2019,〈印尼的國家認同:異中求同的歷程〉,施正鋒主編,《千禧年來的印尼》,頁 61-77,台北:台灣國際研究學會。ISBN:978-986- 97485-2-0游雅雯,2019,〈伊斯蘭對當代印尼政黨政治之影響〉,施正鋒主編,《千禧年來的印尼》,頁 271-290,台北:台灣國際研究學會。ISBN:978-986- 97485-2-0期刊文章吳東林,2019,〈印尼國民軍及其印太區域角色〉,《臺灣國際研究季刊》,第16卷第2期,頁99-124。孫采薇,2016,〈印尼民主化:優勢政黨的式微與多黨政治的發展〉,《民主與治理》,第3卷第1期,頁31-61。DOI: 10.3966/2311505X2016020301002區鉅龍,1997,〈印尼外交政策基本方針:持續與演變〉,《問題與研究》,第36卷第7期,頁25-34。DOI: 10.30390/ISC.199707_36(7).0002廖舜右&蔡松伯,2013,〈新古典現實主義與外交政策分析的再連結〉,《問題與研究》,第52卷第3期,43–61。DOI:10.30390/ISC.201309_52(3).0002鄧玉英,2019,〈印尼經濟發展的政策分析〉,《臺灣國際研究季刊》,第16卷第2期,頁129-152。博碩士論文何景榮,2004,〈印尼民主轉型下的戈爾卡黨〉,國立政治大學政治系碩士學位論文。賴彥鈞,2020,〈印尼對中國大陸之避險策略分析:以佐科威政府為例〉,國立政治大學外交系碩士學位論文。二、 英文文獻專書Baldwin, D. A., 2016. Power and International Relations: A Conceptual Approach. Princeton University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1q1xsp6Burchill, S., 2005. The National Interest in International Relations Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Dorn-Harder P. V., 2006. Women Shaping Islam: Reading the Qu`ran in Indonesia(1st ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Esposito, J. L., 2013. Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics. USA: Oxford University Press.Feillard, A. & Madinier, R. 2011. The End of Innocence? Indonesian Islam and the Temptation of Radicalism. US: University of Hawaii Press.Fox, J., & Sandler, S., 2004. Bringing Religion into International Relations (1st ed). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Jones, D.M., & Mei, S.C.E. 2019. “ASEAN’s Economic Community: ASEAN Way or Beijing’s Way?.” in Macdonald, R., eds., Southeast Asia and the ASEAN Economic Community. Palgrave Macmillan: Cham. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19722-3_13Lincoln, B., 2006. Holy Terrors: Thinking About Religion after September 11 (2nd edition). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Mietzner, M., 2013. Money, Power, and Ideology: Political Parties in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia. NUS Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1nthsjMorgenthau, H., 1985. Politics among nations: The struggle for peace and power (6th ed.). New York: Knopf.Sukma, R., 2004. Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.Temby, Q. 2022. “5. Disinformation, Post-Election Violence and the Evolution of Anti-Chinese Sentiment.” in The Jokowi-Prabowo Elections 2.0. ISEAS Publishing. doi: https://doi.org/10.1355/9789815011371-008Weinstein, F. B., 2007. Indonesian Foreign Policy and the Dilemma of Dependence: From Sukarno to Soeharto. (2nd ed.) Equinox Publishing.期刊文章Al-Hamdi, R., 2017. “Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia.” Journal of Government and Politics, Vol. 8, No.1, pp. 48-78. DOI: 10.18196/jgp.8150Anwar, D. F., 2018. “Foreign Policy, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 37–54. https://doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v3i1.45Arifianto, A. 2017. “Islam Nusantara & Its Critics: The Rise of NU’s Young Clerics.” RSIS Commentary, No. 18.Bourchier, D. M., 2019. “Two Decades of Ideological Contestation in Indonesia: From Democratic Cosmopolitanism to Religious Nationalism.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp.1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2019.1590620Brown, N. J.,2000. “Constituting Palestine: The Effort to Write a Basic Law for the Palestinian Authority.” in Middle East Journal, Vol. 54, No.1, pp.25–43.Burton, G., 2021. “Middle power behavior under multipolarity: Indonesia and Malaysia in the Middle East since the Arab uprisings.” Asian Politics & Policy, Vol.13, pp. 228-247. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/aspp.12577Dewi, A. F., 2010. “foreign Policy, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities ,Vol. 3, pp. 37-54. doi: http://jissh.journal.lipi.go.id/index.php/jissh/article/view/45Facal, G., 2020. “Islamic Defenders Front Militia (Front Pembela Islam) and its Impact on Growing Religious Intolerance in Indonesia.” TRaNS: Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia, Vol.8, Issue 1, pp. 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.15Gindarsah, I., & Priamarizki, A., 2015. “INDONESIA’S MARITIME DOCTRINE AND SECURITY CONCERNS.” S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep05869Gourevitch, P., 1978. “The second image reversed: The international sources of domestic politics.” International Organization, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 881–912. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002081830003201XHuntington, S. P., 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations? “Foreign Affairs”, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 22–49. https://doi.org/10.2307/20045621Hussain, S., 2021. “The Us Recognition of Jerusalem: Aspects and Implications.” in Middle European Scientific Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.47494/mesb.2021.11.483Kokosalakis, N., 1985. “Legitimation Power and Religion in Modern Society.” Sociology of Religion, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 367–376. https://doi.org/10.2307/3711153Menchik, J., 2019. “Moderate Muslims and Democratic Breakdown in Indonesia.” Asian Studies Review, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 415–433. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2019.1627286Murphy, A. M., 2020. “Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy: The Limits of Muslim Solidarity for the Rohingya and Uighurs.” Asan Institute for policy studies, URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep27633.Nath, S., & Gusti, R., 2020. “An Assessment of Economic and Financial Impacts of Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Project.” Journal of Business and Political Economy, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.45–55. doi: https://doi.org/10.46851/27Nuechterlein, D. E., 1979. “Concept of National Interest: Time for New Approaches.” Orbis-a journal of world affairs, Vol. 23, No.1, pp.73-92.Putnam, R. D., 2022. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games.” International Organization, Vol. 42, No.3, pp. 427-460. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2706785Reuter T., 2015. “Political Parties and the Power of Money in Indonesia and Beyond.” TRANS-TRANS-REGIONAL AND -NATIONAL STUDIES OF SOUTHEAST ASIA, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 267-288. DOI: 10.1017/trn.2014.23Rose, G., 1998. “Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy.” World Politics, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 144–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100007814THIES, C. G., & Sari, A. C., 2018. “A Role Theory Approach to Middle Powers: Making Sense of Indonesia’s Place in the International System.” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol.40, No.3, pp. 397–421. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26545301Toledo, H., 2017. “The IA-CEPA and sector adjustments: A specific-factors model of production.” in International Review of Economics & Finance, Vol. 48, pp.201–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.11.006Ufen, A., 2008. “Political party and party system institutionalization in Southeast Asia: Lessons for democratic consolidation in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand.” The Pacific Review, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 327–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740802134174Ward, K., 2009. “Non-violent extremists? Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia.” Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 63, Issue 2, pp. 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357710902895103Warner, C. M., & Walker, S. G., 2011. “Thinking about the Role of Religion in Foreign Policy: A Framework for Analysis.” Foreign Policy Analysis, Vol, 7. No. 1, pp.113–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2010.00125.xWeiss, M. L., 2007. “What a Little Democracy Can Do: Comparing Trajectories of Reform in Malaysia and Indonesia.” Democratization, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 26–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340601024280網際網路1947. “The Question of Palestine and the General Assembly.” in United Nations: https://www.un.org/unispal/data-collection/general-assembly/ , Available: 2022/11/14.1980. “Security Council Resolution 478.” In UNSCR: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/399/71/PDF/NR039971.pdf?OpenElement , Available: 2022/11/20.2014. “Indonesia; avoiding the trap.” in World Bank: http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/EAP/Indonesia/Indonesia-development-policy-review-2014-english.pdf , Available: 2022/11/21.2015. “RI, China Hunting down Xinjiang Terrorism Suspects in Poso.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/02/10/ri-china-hunting-down-xinjiang-terrorism-suspects-poso.html , Available: 2022/12/19.2017. “Jerusalem: Trump move prompts negative world reaction.” in BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-42250340 ,Available: 2022/11/15.2019, “Indonesia urges calm in Papua after two weeks of protests.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-papua-idUSKCN1VK1B4, Available: 2022/10/26.2019. “Indonesia election: Joko Widodo re-elected as president.” In BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48331879 , Available: 2022/10/31.2019. “Indonesia has a Papua problem.” in The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/26/opinion/papua-riots-indonesia-monkey.html, Available: 2022/10/26.2019. “IPAC Report: Explaining Indonesia’s Silence on the Uyghur Issue.” in New York Southeast Asia Network: https://nysean.org/blog/2019/6/25/ipac-report-explaining-indonesias-silence-on-the-uyghur-issue , Available: 2022/12/16.2019. “National Single Window for Investment.” in Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal: https://nswi.bkpm.go.id/data_statistik , Available: 2022/12/25.2019. “Thousands Rally in Indonesia, Malaysia to Protest China’s Treatment of Uyghurs.” in Radio Free Asia: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/indonesia-malaysia-protests-12272019153424.html , Available: 2022/12/15.2021. “China Cuts Uighur Births with IUDs, Abortion, Sterilization.” in AP NEWS: https://apnews.com/article/ap-top-news-international-news-weekend-reads-china-health-269b3de1af34e17c1941a514f78d764c , Available: 2022/12/11.2021. “Uighurs: Western Countries Sanction China over Rights Abuses.” in BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56487162 , Available: 2022/12/11.2022. “Basic Laws.” in The Knesset: https://m.knesset.gov.il/en/activity/pages/basiclaws.aspx , Available: 2022/11/14.2022. “Birth Rate, Crude (per 1,000 People) - China | Data.” in The World Bank: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.CBRT.IN?start=2015&end=2018&locations=CN , Available: 2022/12/11.2022. “Honduras to consider returning Israeli embassy to Tel Aviv from Jerusalem.” In Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/world/honduras-consider-returning-israeli-embassy-tel-aviv-jerusalem-2022-08-08/ , Available: 2022/11/16.2022. “Indonesia defence minister Prabowo accepts party’s nomination to run for president.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-defence-minister-prabowo-accepts-partys-nomination-run-president-2022-08-12/ , Available: 2022/10/30.2022. “Indonesia trade balance, exports and imports by country and region 2020” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/IDN/Year/2020/TradeFlow/EXPIMP , Available: 2022/12/23.2022. “Indonesia Trade” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/countrysnapshot/en/IDN , Available: 2022/11/22.2022. “Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement: Outcomes.” in Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: https://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/not-yet-in-force/iacepa/Pages/ia-cepa-key-outcomes-for-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.2022. “Reversal of recognition of West Jerusalem.” in Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: https://www.foreignminister.gov.au/minister/penny-wong/media-release/reversal-recognition-west-jerusalem , Available: 2022/11/21.2022. “Top Exporters and Importers by country and region 2017” in World Integrated Trade Solution: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/WLD/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP , Available: 2022/12/22.Balachandran, N. & Tuchrello, W., 2019. “Recognizing Israel Aligns with Indonesia’s Interests, Ambitions, & Constitution.” in East-West Center: https://www.eastwestcenter.org/publications/recognizing-israel-aligns-indonesia%E2%80%99s-interests-ambitions-constitution , 2022/11/24.Basu, Z., 2020. “Mapped: More Countries Sign UN Statement Condemning China’s Mass Detentions in Xinjiang.” in Axios: https://www.axios.com/2020/10/08/un-statement-china-uighurs-xinjiang , Available: 2022/12/12.Brown, N. J.,2000. “Constituting Palestine: The Effort to Write a Basic Law for the Palestinian Authority.” in Middle East Journal, Vol. 54, No.1, pp.25–43.Clench, S., 2018. “Wentworth by-election poll shows Kerryn Phelps beating Dave Sharma.” in The Courier Mail: https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/national/shock-internal-polling-shows-government-losing-wentworth-byelection/news-story/a76bb601b42a8f1b358809ff8c189ffc , Available: 2022/11/17.Emont, J. 2019. “How China Persuaded One Muslim Nation to Keep Silent on Xinjiang Camps.” in WSJ: https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-china-persuaded-one-muslim-nation-to-keep-silent-on-xinjiang-camps-11576090976 , Available: 2022/12/16.Fassihi, F., 2017. “Fourteen of 15 Security Council Members Denounce U.S. Stance on Jerusalem” in The Wall Street Journal: https://www.wsj.com/articles/fourteen-of-15-security-council-members-denounce-u-s-stance-on-jerusalem-1512777971 , Available: 2022/11/15.Fealy, G., 2010. “Front stage with the PKS.” in Inside Indonesia: https://www.insideindonesia.org/front-stage-with-the-pks , Available: 2022/10/30.Fealy, G., 2016. “Bigger than Ahok: Explaining the 2 December mass rally.” Indonesia at Melbourne: https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/bigger-than-ahok-explaining-jakartas-2-december-mass-rally/, Available: 2022/10/31.Feng, E., 2018. “Uighur Children Fall Victim to China Anti-Terror Drive.” In Financial Times: https://www.ft.com/content/f0d3223a-7f4d-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d , Available: 2022/12/11.Gunawan, A., 2018. “Indonesian Muslims stage rally in support of Uighurs.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/12/22/indonesian-muslims-stage-rally-in-support-of-uighurs.html , Available: 2022/12/12.Heller, J., & Williams, M., 2018. “Guatemala opens embassy in Jerusalem, two days after U.S. move.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-palestinians-guatemala-idUSKCN1IH0Q7 , Available: 2022/11/16.Karmini, N., 2019. “Indonesian Muslims Protest China’s Treatment of Uighurs.” in AP NEWS: https://apnews.com/article/4e8d93bd75803a44f9b7bdd9e48f5186 , Available: 2022/12/15.Khatchadourian, R. 2021. “Surviving the Crackdown in Xinjiang.”in The New Yorker: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/04/12/surviving-the-crackdown-in-xinjiang , Available: 2022/12/11.Laksmana, E., 2018. “Why does it matter to Indonesia if Australia moves its embassy to Jerusalem?” in The Strategist: https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/why-does-it-matter-to-indonesia-if-australia-moves-its-embassy-to-jerusalem/ , Available: 2022/11/23.Laksmana, E., 2018. “Will religious sectarianism change Indonesian foreign policy?” in The Strategist: https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/will-religious-sectarianism-change-indonesian-foreign-policy/ , Available: 2022/12/19.Lang, N., 2020. “Indonesia proposes bill to force LGBTQ people into ‘rehabilitation’ .” in NBC News: https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/indonesia-proposes-bill-force-lgbtq-people-rehabilitation-n1146861 , Avaliable: 2022/10/31.Massola, J. 2018. “Payne, Retno to meet after ‘slap to Indonesia’s face’ over embassy.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/payne-retno-to-meet-after-slap-to-indonesia-s-face-over-embassy-20181205-p50kbm.html , Available: 2022/11/17.Massola, J., & Rompies, M., 2018. “New doubts over when Indonesia-Australia free trade deal will be signed.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/new-doubts-over-when-indonesia-australia-free-trade-deal-will-be-signed-20181109-p50f6e.html , Available: 2022/11/17.Muhammad, D. & Kurniawan, D., 2014. “Getting down to business: Jokowi’s salesman diplomacy.” in The Jakarta Post: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/30/getting-down-business-jokowi-s-salesman-diplomacy.html , Available: 2022/10/28.Nagda, A., 2020. “The Islamization of Indonesia’s Foreign Policy.” in The Diplomat: https://thediplomat.com/2020/03/the-islamization-of-indonesias-foreign-policy/Nebehay, S., 2018. “U.N. says it has credible reports that China holds million Uighurs in secret camps.” in Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-rights-un-idUSKBN1KV1SU , Available: 2022/12/11.Permana, E., & Muhammad L. N., & Nicky W. A., 2019. “Indonesia denies being quiet on Uighur persecution.” in Anadolu Agency: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/indonesia-denies-being-quiet-on-uighur-persecution/1685912 , Available: 2022/12/12.Saat, N., & Dewayanti, A., 2020. “Jokowi’s Management of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU): A New Order Approach?” in ISEAS: https://www.iseas.edu.sg/articles-commentaries/iseas-perspective/20201-jokowis-management-of-nahdlatul-ulama-nu-a-new-order-approach-by-norshahril-saat-and-aninda-dewayanti/ , Available: 2022/04/29.Sandhu, S., 2018. “The 32 countries that support the US embassy moving to Jerusalem.” in iNews: https://inews.co.uk/news/world/the-32-countries-that-support-the-us-embassy-moving-to-jerusalem-154460 ,Available: 2022/11/16.Surkheel, S. A. A., 2007. “The Truth About Taqlid (Part 1).” in MuslimMatters: https://muslimmatters.org/2007/11/09/the-truth-about-taqlid-part-1/Tani, S. 2019. “Indonesia and Australia finally sign free trade deal.” in Nikkei Asia: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Indonesia-and-Australia-finally-sign-free-trade-deal , Available: 2022/11/17.Taylor, A., 2018. “If Australia moves its embassy to Jerusalem, it could put an $11 billion trade deal at risk.” In The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2018/10/17/if-australia-moves-its-embassy-jerusalem-it-could-put-an-billion-trade-deal-risk/ , Available: 2022/11/16.Topsfield, J., 2017. “Jakarta governor contender Anies Baswedan under fire for meeting Islamic hardliners.” in The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/world/jakarta-governor-contender-anies-baswedan-under-fire-for-meeting-islamic-hardliners-20170103-gtlasx.html , Available: 2022/10/31.Turner, A., 2018. “After US embassy makes controversial move to Jerusalem, more countries follow its lead.” in CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/17/after-us-embassy-move-to-jerusalem-more-countries-follow-its-lead.html , Available: 2022/11/15.Walden, M. 2019. “Indonesia’s Opposition Takes Up the Uighur Cause.” in Foreign Policy: https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/02/05/indonesias-opposition-takes-up-the-uighur-cause/ Available: 2022/12/17.Welch, D., 2019. “Arrest by Algorithm: Inside the Dystopian State of Surveillance and Repression in Xinjiang.”in ABC News: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-25/china-cables-beijings-xinjiang-secrets-revealed/11719016 , Available: 2022/12/11.Winn, P., 2019. “The world’s largest Islamic group wants Muslims to stop saying infidel.” in The World from PRX: https://theworld.org/stories/2019-03-08/world-s-largest-islamic-group-wants-muslims-stop-saying-infidel, Available: 2022/10/31.Wooward, M., 2020. “This Indonesian Muslim group is keeping millions safe during COVID-19.” in Religion Unplugged: https://religionunplugged.com/news/2020/4/30/this-indonesian-muslim-group-is-leading-millions-to-safety-during-covid-19 , Available: 2022/10/31.Zhinipotoku, Z., & Semini, L., 2021. “With diplomatic ties established, Kosovo opens embassy in Jerusalem.” in The Times of Israel: https://www.timesofisrael.com/with-diplomatic-ties-established-kosovo-opens-embassy-in-jerusalem/ , Available: 2022/11/16.三、 印尼文文獻專書Haris, S., 1991. PPP dan politik Orde Baru. Jakarta: Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia.網際網路2018. “Demo Protes Pernyataan Prabowo Soal Kedubes Australia Masih Berlanjut.” in Jatimnow: https://kumparan.com/jatim-now-admin/demo-protes-pernyataan-prabowo-soal-kedubes-australia-masih-berlanjut-1543912974945900506 , Available: 2022/11/22.2018. “FPI-Prabowo Beda Sikap soal Kedubes Australia di Yerusalem.” in CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20181123102519-32-348649/fpi-prabowo-beda-sikap-soal-kedubes-australia-di-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/17.2018. “Ketua Komisi I Kecam Pemindahan Kedutaan Australia ke Yerusalem.” in Dewan Pengurus Pusat Partai Keadilan Sejahtera: https://pks.id/content/ketua-komisi-i-kecam-pemindahan-kedutaan-australia-ke-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/22.2018. “Tuntut Prabowo Minta Maaf, Massa Demo di Konjen Australia.” in CNN Indonesia: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20181128065314-20-349786/tuntut-prabowo-minta-maaf-massa-demo-di-konjen-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.2021. “Melihat Lagi Gegeran Banteng Vs Celeng di Jateng.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-tengah/d-5769604/melihat-lagi-gegeran-banteng-vs-celeng-di-jateng , Available: 2022/10/30.Farisa, F. C., 2020. “6 Alasan Pemerintah Bubarkan dan Larang Kegiatan FPI...” in Kompas: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/12/30/14545951/6-alasan-pemerintah-bubarkan-dan-larang-kegiatan-fpi?page=all , Available: 2022/10/31.Ibrahim, C. M., 2019. “Fadli Zon: Gerindra Jelas Tolak LGBT.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4802811/fadli-zon-gerindra-jelas-tolak-lgbt , Available: 2022/10/30.Jurnaliston, R., 2018. “Respons Ma`ruf soal Pandangan Prabowo Terkait Pemindahan Kedutaan Australia ke Yerusalem.” in Kompas: https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/11/24/23200341/respons-maruf-soal-pandangan-prabowo-terkait-pemindahan-kedutaan-australia , Available: 2022/11/22.Kami, I. M., “MUI Nyatakan Sikap Soal Ucapan Ahok Terkait Al Maidah 51, ini Isinya.” In Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3318150/mui-nyatakan-sikap-soal-ucapan-ahok-terkait-al-maidah-51-ini-isinya , Available: 2022/10/31.Mazrieva, E., 2017. “Bantu Atasi Krisis Rohingya, Menlu RI Sampaikan Usul ‘4+1’.” in VOA: https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/bantu-atasi-krisis-rohingya-menlu-ri-sampaikan-usul-4-1/4014956.html , Available: 2023/02/20.Ramdhani, J., 2018. “FPI Kecam Australia yang Berniat Pindahkan Kedubes ke Yerusalem.” in Detiknews: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4314666/fpi-kecam-australia-yang-berniat-pindahkan-kedubes-ke-yerusalem , Available: 2022/11/22.Sadewo, J., 2021. “Rayakan HUT Ke-23, PAN Nyatakan Posisi Politiknya di Tengah.” in Republika: https://www.republika.co.id/berita/qya9gl318/rayakan-hut-ke23-pan-nyatakan-posisi-politiknya-di-tengah , Available: 2022/10/30.Soegiarto, Y & Nonto, A. W., 2014. “Visi Indonesia 2045 Versi Golkar” in Berita Satu: https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/169277/visi-indonesia-2045-versi-golkar , Available: 2022/10/29.博碩士論文Arfino, B., 2020. “Analisis Faktor Islam Dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia pada Masa Pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo Periode 2014-2019.” The study program of International relation, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Indonesia.四、 翻譯文獻戴維信,鄺健銘譯,2019,《印尼模式:國家民主化二十年史》。臺北市:季風帶文化有限公司。 zh_TW