Publications-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
Google ScholarTM
NCCU Library
Citation Infomation
Related Publications in TAIR
題名 大專院校與社區機構心理師在「非性雙重關係」的倫理判斷與倫理行為之差異研究
A study on the difference of ethical judgement and ethical behavior in “non-sexual dual relationship” between psycho-therapists serviced at university and in community center.作者 薛喬
Hsueh, Chiao貢獻者 陳婉真
Chen, Wan-chen
薛喬
Hsueh, Chiao關鍵詞 非性雙重關係
大專院校心理師
社區機構心理師
倫理判斷
倫理判斷信心度
倫理行為
Psycho-therapists Serviced at School
Psycho-therapists Serviced in Community Center
Non-sexual Dual Relationship
Ethical Judgement
the Confidence Degree of Ethical Judgement
Ethical Behavior日期 2023 上傳時間 6-Jul-2023 15:21:02 (UTC+8) 摘要 非性雙重關係是諮商倫理中最為重要、也最具爭議的一環，且隨著諮商市場逐漸自由化，愈來愈多心理師投入社區成為行動心理師，許多新興的非性雙重關係議題跟著浮現，過往的諮商倫理規範，對於現階段的心理治療環境是否足用？本研究旨在了解大專院校與社區機構執業之心理師，在諮商倫理中的「非性雙重關係」方面，其倫理判斷、判斷信心度與倫理行為之現況，以及當中是否存在差異。研究者蒐集執登記於大專院校之心理師82名、執登於社區機構之心理師103名作為研究對象，並以驗證性因素分析考驗改編的「心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷」是否具建構效度。接著，以描述性統計瞭解大專及社區心理師在非性雙重關係上的倫理現況，再近一步以混合設計二因子變異數分析，考驗兩場域心理師在非性雙重關係上的差異情形。最後，以獨立樣本t檢定及單因子變異數分析，考驗在其他背景變項下，對非性雙重關係倫理表現是否有影響。研究結果發現如下：一、 「心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷」具良好信效度。二、 倫理現況：（一） 大專院校心理師：在倫理判斷上，傾向認為社交關係不合倫理、收送禮物的分數接近中間值、在身體觸碰上傾向認為合乎倫理；大專心理師對非性雙重關係倫理判斷的信心度有中上程度；整體而言，大專心理師非性雙重關係的倫理行為頻率偏低。（二） 社區機構心理師：倫理判斷上，傾向認為社交關係不合倫理、收送禮物的分數接近中間值、在身體觸碰上傾向認為合乎倫理；社區心理師對非性雙重關係倫理判斷的信心度有中上程度；整體而言，社區心理師非性雙重關係的倫理行為頻率偏低。三、 倫理差異：大專院校及社區機構心理師，在非性雙重關係之倫理判斷並無差異，且場域及構面之間無交互作用；信心度上，社區心理師在社交關係、收送禮物及身體觸碰上，均顯著高於大專心理師，場域及構面之間無交互作用；倫理行為上，場域及構面間交互作用接近顯著，兩場域心理師在社交關係與收送禮物構面上無差異，在身體觸碰上，差異情形為社區大於大專。四、 不同構面對非性雙重關係之影響：（一） 生理性別：女性在非性雙重關係的倫理判斷上相較於男性更為嚴謹，同時也對於自己的倫理判斷更有信心；不同性別之倫理行為頻率並無顯著差異。（二） 執業年資：不同執業年資在非性雙重關係倫理判斷上並無差異，越資深之心理師對判斷的信心程度愈高，且出現非性雙重關係倫理行為之頻率亦愈高。
"Non-sexual dual relationships are the most important and controversial part of counseling ethics, and with the gradual liberalization of the counseling market, more and more psycho therapists have entered the community as freelancers, and many emerging issues related to non-sexual dual relationships have emerged. Are the past counseling ethical norms sufficient for the current psychological treatment environment? This study aims to understand the ethical judgments, confidence levels of ethical judgment, and ethical behaviors of psycho therapists practicing at university and in community center in the aspect of "non-sexual dual relationships" in counseling ethics, and whether there are differences among them. The researcher collected a total of 82 psycho therapists registered at university and 103 psycho therapists registered at community center as research subjects, and used confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of the adapted " Non-Sexual Dual Relationship Ethical Judgment and Behavior of Psycho Therapists Questionnaire." Then, descriptive statistics were used to understand the ethical status of university and community psycho therapists in non-sexual dual relationships. Furthermore, a mixed-design two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the differences between the two groups of psycho therapists in non-sexual dual relationships. Finally, independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine the impact of other background variables on the ethical performance of non-sexual dual relationships.The results of the study were as follows:1. The reliability and validity of "Non-sexual Dual Relationship Ethical judgment and Ethical Behavior of Psycho-therapists Questionnaire" were supported.2. Ethical status:(1) Psycho-therapists serviced at university: They tend to believe that social relationships are unethical, their scores of giving and receiving gifts are close to the midpoint, and tend to believe that physical touch is ethical. They have a moderate to high degree of confidence in their ethical judgments regarding non-sexual dual relationships. Overall, the frequency of ethical behavior in non-sexual dual relationships among them is relatively low.(2) Psycho-therapists serviced in community center: hey tend to believe that social relationships are unethical, their scores for giving and receiving gifts are close to the midpoint, and tend to believe that physical touch is ethical. They have a moderate to high degree of confidence in their ethical judgments regarding non-sexual dual relationships. Overall, the frequency of ethical behavior in non-sexual dual relationships among them is relatively low.3. Psycho-therapists serviced at university and in community center have no difference in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationships; psycho-therapists serviced in community center have higher confidence in judgement than the one serviced at universitiy; In terms of ethical behavior, there is no difference between the two fields of psychologists in the dimension of social relationships and giving and receiving gifts, amd psycho-therapists serviced in community center are more likely to engage in physical touch behaviors than the one serviced ay university.4. The impact of different dimensions on non-sexual dual relationships:(1) Sex: Men are looser than women in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationships, and they are also less confident in their ethical judgments; there is no significant difference in the frequency of ethical behaviors between men and women.(2) Years of practice: There is no difference in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationship between different years of practice. The more experienced the psychologist, the higher the confidence in the judgment, and the higher the frequency of non-sexual dual relationship ethical behavior.參考文獻 中文部分牛格正（1991）。諮商專業倫理。五南。牛格正、王智弘（2008）。助人專業倫理。心靈工坊。中華民國臨床心理師公會全國聯合會（2011）。臨床心理師倫理準則與行為規範。取自：http://www.atcp.org.tw/modules/news/article.php?storyid=52王守珍（2009）。台灣臨床心理師的組織與人力現況。應用心理研究，41，35-42。王金石、朱翠瑾（2003）。職業心理師專業培養與心理診所專業經營之模式研討。諮商與輔導，215，16-20。王智弘（1997）。諮商專業倫理。應用倫理通訊，4，41-48。王智弘（2004年11月）。諮商專業倫理之理念架構與諮商專業倫理機制的運作模式。中國輔導學會2004年年會暨學術研討會發表之論文。台北市國立台灣師範大學。王智弘（2005）。諮商專業倫理之理念與實踐。教育研究月刊，132，87-98。王義德（2017）。諮商關係中發生非性雙重關係之倫理困境。諮商與輔導，377，18-21。台灣心理學會（2013）。心理學專業人員倫理準則。取自：https://www.tpa-tw.org/conduct台灣輔導與諮商學會（2001）。台灣輔導與諮商學會諮商專業倫理守則。取自：http://www.guidance.org.tw/ethic_001.html行政院（2021）。110年醫療與其他醫事機構執業醫事人員數及每萬人口執業醫事人員數。取自：https://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/Dialog/viewplus.asp?ma=HS0203A1A&ti=%C2%E5%C0%F8%BBP%A8%E4%A5L%C2%E5%A8%C6%BE%F7%BAc%B0%F5%B7~%C2%E5%A8%C6%A4H%AD%FB%BC%C6%A4%CE%A8C%B8U%A4H%A4f%B0%F5%B7~%C2%E5%A8%C6%A4H%AD%FB%BC%C6-%A6~&path=../PXfile/Health/&lang=9&strList=L何志平（1990）。國民小學輔導人員專業倫理行為與倫理判斷傾向之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺中師範學院。何金針（譯）（2007）。社區諮商：多元社會的賦能策略（原作者：Lewis, J. A., Lewis, M. D., Daniels, J. A., D’ Andrea, M. J.）。台北：心理出版社。（原著出版年：2003）。何思妤、劉若筠（2018）。校園諮商輔導工作之多重關係探究。諮商與輔導，391，25-29。李佳儒、張勻銘、王智弘、楊純斐（2012）。諮商心理師團體諮商倫理信念與行為之探究。中華輔導與諮商學報，34，53-81。李華璋（2001）。諮商人員專業認同歷程分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。呂羿慧（2009）。從雙重關係談輔導教師在學校諮商中多重角色的困境。諮商與輔導，277，11-14。宋宥賢（2014）。學校輔導人員諮商專業倫理困境與因應：實務現場之省思。諮商與輔導，347，13-17。社團法人中華民國諮商心理師公會全國聯合會（2012）。諮商心理師專業倫理守則。取自：https://www.tcpu.org.tw/legal-and-ethical-complaints/5-professional-ethics-code-for-counseling-psychologists-of-the-national-federation-of-counseling-psychologists-association-of-the-republic-of-china.html吳佩芬（2012）。從實務工作者的角度看國中小兼任輔導教師的諮商倫理議題。諮商與輔導，313，24-28。吳禹廷、何英奇（2017）。諮商心理師的行銷之道。諮商與輔導，374，21-26。林玉珊、顏憶帆（2013）。助人工作者當面對親友尋求諮商時之雙重關係困境。家庭教育雙月刊，43，40-45。林美芳、張馥媛、王智弘（2009）。臨床心理師非性雙重關係倫理態度與行為之調查研究。台灣公共衛生雜誌，28（6），530-540。林星翔（2019）。心智化能力涉入個別諮商情境之研究－以專家與新手諮商心理師為例（未出版之碩士論文）。淡江大學。林家興、謝昀蓁、孫正大（2008）。諮商心理師執業現況調查研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，23，117-145。林家興（2014）。諮商專業倫理臨床應用與案例分析。心理出版社。林家興（2014）。臺灣諮商心理師執業現況與執業意見之調查研究。教育心理學報，45（3），279-302。林慶仁（1997）。學校輔導教師諮商倫理判斷之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。洪莉竹（2016）。實務工作者面對倫理挑戰的考量與經驗－台灣諮商輔導倫理議題研究之探討。臺灣諮商心理學報，4（1），1-16。修慧蘭（2012）。大專院校專任心理諮商輔導人員所需職能之研究。臺灣諮商心理學報，1，89-117。修慧蘭、林蔚芳、洪莉竹（譯）（2019）。專業助人工作倫理（二版）（原作者：Corey, G., Corey, M. S., Corey, C. ）。雙葉書廊。（原著出版年：2019）。陳文玲（1991）。學校輔導教師諮商倫理信念調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。陳志信（1993）。輔導教師專業倫理行為及其倫理判斷傾向之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。陳彥豪（譯）（1999）。非語言傳播（原作者：Knapp, M. L., & Hall, J. A.）。五南。（原著初版年：1992）。許維素（2002）。中學教師焦點解決短期諮商訓練課程方案成效之研究。教育心理學報，33（2），57-77。張勻銘、王智弘、楊淳斐、李佳儒（2012）。當事人和諮商師發展友誼關係之經驗：當事人觀點。中華心理衛生學刊，25（4），633-658。張涵茹（2018）。從《診療椅上的謊言》一書探討違反界線之諮商倫理議題。諮商與輔導，395，42-44。康家華（2009）。中等學校輔導教師對師生諮商雙重關係之經驗探究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學。曾仰如（1991）。十大哲學問題之探微。輔仁大學出版社。畢恆達（2016）。空間就是性別。心靈工坊。黃文俊（2016）。行動心理師生涯轉換與工作型態之敘說研究（未出版之碩士論文）。中國文化大學。黃嘉羚（2019）。當我們碰在一起－從個案角度談諮商中的觸碰（未出版之碩士論文）。淡江大學。楊淳斐（1997）。大專院校輔導教師諮商倫理信念與行為之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。楊添圍、周仁宇（譯）（2021）。人我之間：客體關係理論與治療實務（十一版）（原作者：Hamilton, N. G.）。心靈工坊。（原著出版年：2004）。楊堯翔、黃文俐、蔡佳伶、江佩耘、吳芝儀（2016）。大專院校諮商多重關係之探討。輔導季刊，52（4），39-48。臺灣諮商心理學會（2014）。諮商心理專業倫理守則。取自：http://www.twcpa.org.tw/about.php?id=372劉完利（2013）。社區心理輔導志工倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究：以「張老師」基金會為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。鄭芷昀（2021）。心理師經營社群網站之自我揭露經驗探討（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學。盧怡任、王智弘（2012）。諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究。教育心理學報， 43（4），783-803。謝蕙如（2014）。諮商師面臨雙重關係困境與其因應之道。諮商與輔導，340， 47-50。 英文部分American Counseling Association. (2014). Code of ethics. Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/knowledge-center/ethicsAnderson, S. K., & Kitchener, K. S. (1996). Nonromantic, nonsexual posttherapy relationships between psychologists and former clients: An exploratory study of critical incidents. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 27(1), 59-66.Barr, J. (1971). A comparison between counselor-trainee and practicing counselor awareness of the ethical standards set forth by the APGA. Dissertation Abstracts International, 32, 17-71.Barnett, J. E., Behnke, S. H., Rosenthal, S. L., & Koocher, G. P. (2007). In case of ethical dilemma, break glass: Commentary on ethical decision making in practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(1), 7-12.Blocher, D. H. (1987). The professional counselor. Macmillan Publishing Co, Inc.Borys, D. S., & Pope, K. S. (1989). Dual relationships between therapist and client: A national study of psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 20(5), 283-293.Brownlee, K. (1996). Ethics in community mental health care: The ethics of non-sexual dual relationships: A dilemma for the rural mental health profession. Community Mental Health Journal, 32(5), 497-503.Campbell, C. D., & Gordon, M. C. (2003). Acknowledging the inevitable: Understanding multiple relationships in rural practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34(4), 430-434.Crittenden, G. F. (2010). Beliefs about the ethics of dual relationship dilemmas in rural settings: An investigation of counselors` perspectives (Doctoral dissertation). Retrived from ProQuest Dissertation and theses database. (UMI No. 3426823)Doromal, Q. S., & Creamer, D. G. (1988). An evaluation of the ethical judgement scale. Journal of College Student Development, 29, 151-158.Erikson, E. (1982). The life cycle completed. W.W. Norton & Company.Gabbard, G. O. (1994). Psychotherapists who transgress sexual boundaries with patients. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 58(1), 124-135.Gibson, W. T., & Pope, K. S. (1993). The ethics of counseling: A national survey of certified counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(3), 330-336.Glosoff, H. L. (2015). Multiple relationship issues in private practice. In B. Herlihy & G. Corey (Eds.), Boundary issues in counseling: Multiple roles and responsibilities (pp. 229-237). John Wiley & Sons.Gutheil, T. G., & Gabbard, G. O. (1993). The concept of boundaries in clinical practice: Theoretical and risk-management dimensions. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(2), 188-196.Haas, L. J., Malouf, J. L., & Mayerson, N. H. (1986). Ethical dilemmas in psychological practice: Results of a national survey. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 17(4), 316-321.Herlihy, B., & Corey, G. (2014). Boundary issues in counseling: Multiple roles and responsibilities. John Wiley & Sons.Jehu, D. (1994). Patients as victims: Sexual abuse in psychotherapy and counselling. John Wiley & SonsJones, S. E., & Yarbrough, A. E. (1985). A naturalistic study of meanings of touch. Communication Monographs, 52(1), 19-56.Kitchener, K. S. (1984). Intuition, critical evaluation and ethical principles: The foundation for ethical decisions in counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 12(3), 43-55.Lazarus, A. A. (1994). How certain boundaries and ethics diminish therapeutic effectiveness. Ethics & Behavior, 4(3), 255-261.Lazarus, A. A., & Zur, O. (2002). Dual relationships and psychotherapy. Springer Publishing Co.Moleski, S. M., & Kiselica, M. S. (2005). Dual relationships: A continuum ranging from the destructive to the therapeutic. Journal of Counseling & Development, 83(1), 3-11.O` Laughlin, M. J. (2000). Dr. Strangelove: Therapist-client dual relationship bans and freedom of association, or how I learned to stop worrying and love my clients. UMKC Law Review, 69, 697-733.Paradise, L. V. (1977). Toward a theory on the ethical behavior of counselors. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, 4140-4141.Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist, 42, 993-1006.Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (1998). Ethical and legal codes and complaints. In K. S. Pope & M. J. Vasquez (Eds.), Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling (pp. 19-39). Jossey-Bass.Post, P. (1989). The use of the ethical judgement scale in counselor education. Counselor Education and Supervision, 28, 229-233.Schank, J. A., & Skovholt, T. M. (1997). Dual-relationship dilemmas of rural and small-community psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 28(1), 44-49.Scopelliti, J., Judd, F., Grigg, M., Hodgins, G., Fraser, C., Hulbert, C., Endacott, R., & Wood, A. (2004). Dual relationships in mental health practice: Issues for clinicians in rural settings. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38(11-12), 953-959.Shertzer, B., & Morris, K. (1972). APGA members` ethical discriminatory ability. Counselor Education and Supervision, 11(3), 200-206.Stake, J. E., & Oliver, J. (1991). Sexual contact and touching between therapist and client: A survey of psychologists` attitudes and behavior. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 22(4), 297-307.Sperry, L. (2007). The ethical and professional practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Pearson Education.Vafakas, K. M. (1974). Ethical behavior of community college counselors. Journal of College Student Personnel, 15(2), 101-104.Van Hoose, W. H, & Kottler, J. A. (1977). Ethical and legal issues in counseling and psycho-therapy. Jossey-Bass.Van Hoose, W. H., & Paradise, L. V. (1979). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Perspectives in issues and decision making. Carroll PressWelfel, E. R. (1998). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Standards, research, and emerging issues. Pacific Grove.Wisler, J. A. (1977). Relationship of counselor perception of the ethical standards and response plausibility to rejection of unethical responses. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37(7-A), 4153.Zibert, J. C. (1992). Ethical knowledge of counselors: A survey of the membership of the Texas Association for Counseling and Development. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of North Texas, Denton.Zur, O. (2007). Boundaries in Psychotherapy: Ethical and clinical explorations. American Psychological Association.Zur, O. (2009). Therapist self-disclosure: Standard of care, ethical considerations, and therapeutic context. In A. Bloomgarden & R. B. Mennuti (Eds.), Psychotherapist revealed: Therapists speak about self-disclosure in psychotherapy (pp. 31-51). Taylor & Francis Group.Zur, O., & Nordmarken, N. (2011). To touch or not to touch: Exploring the myth of prohibition on touch in psychotherapy and counseling. Retrieved Sep/20th/2022 from http://www.zurinstitute.com/touchintherapy.html 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
輔導與諮商碩士學位學程
108172007資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108172007 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 陳婉真 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Wan-chen en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 薛喬 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsueh, Chiao en_US dc.creator (作者) 薛喬 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Hsueh, Chiao en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 6-Jul-2023 15:21:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 6-Jul-2023 15:21:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 6-Jul-2023 15:21:02 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108172007 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/145725 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 輔導與諮商碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108172007 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 非性雙重關係是諮商倫理中最為重要、也最具爭議的一環，且隨著諮商市場逐漸自由化，愈來愈多心理師投入社區成為行動心理師，許多新興的非性雙重關係議題跟著浮現，過往的諮商倫理規範，對於現階段的心理治療環境是否足用？本研究旨在了解大專院校與社區機構執業之心理師，在諮商倫理中的「非性雙重關係」方面，其倫理判斷、判斷信心度與倫理行為之現況，以及當中是否存在差異。研究者蒐集執登記於大專院校之心理師82名、執登於社區機構之心理師103名作為研究對象，並以驗證性因素分析考驗改編的「心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷」是否具建構效度。接著，以描述性統計瞭解大專及社區心理師在非性雙重關係上的倫理現況，再近一步以混合設計二因子變異數分析，考驗兩場域心理師在非性雙重關係上的差異情形。最後，以獨立樣本t檢定及單因子變異數分析，考驗在其他背景變項下，對非性雙重關係倫理表現是否有影響。研究結果發現如下：一、 「心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷」具良好信效度。二、 倫理現況：（一） 大專院校心理師：在倫理判斷上，傾向認為社交關係不合倫理、收送禮物的分數接近中間值、在身體觸碰上傾向認為合乎倫理；大專心理師對非性雙重關係倫理判斷的信心度有中上程度；整體而言，大專心理師非性雙重關係的倫理行為頻率偏低。（二） 社區機構心理師：倫理判斷上，傾向認為社交關係不合倫理、收送禮物的分數接近中間值、在身體觸碰上傾向認為合乎倫理；社區心理師對非性雙重關係倫理判斷的信心度有中上程度；整體而言，社區心理師非性雙重關係的倫理行為頻率偏低。三、 倫理差異：大專院校及社區機構心理師，在非性雙重關係之倫理判斷並無差異，且場域及構面之間無交互作用；信心度上，社區心理師在社交關係、收送禮物及身體觸碰上，均顯著高於大專心理師，場域及構面之間無交互作用；倫理行為上，場域及構面間交互作用接近顯著，兩場域心理師在社交關係與收送禮物構面上無差異，在身體觸碰上，差異情形為社區大於大專。四、 不同構面對非性雙重關係之影響：（一） 生理性別：女性在非性雙重關係的倫理判斷上相較於男性更為嚴謹，同時也對於自己的倫理判斷更有信心；不同性別之倫理行為頻率並無顯著差異。（二） 執業年資：不同執業年資在非性雙重關係倫理判斷上並無差異，越資深之心理師對判斷的信心程度愈高，且出現非性雙重關係倫理行為之頻率亦愈高。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) "Non-sexual dual relationships are the most important and controversial part of counseling ethics, and with the gradual liberalization of the counseling market, more and more psycho therapists have entered the community as freelancers, and many emerging issues related to non-sexual dual relationships have emerged. Are the past counseling ethical norms sufficient for the current psychological treatment environment? This study aims to understand the ethical judgments, confidence levels of ethical judgment, and ethical behaviors of psycho therapists practicing at university and in community center in the aspect of "non-sexual dual relationships" in counseling ethics, and whether there are differences among them. The researcher collected a total of 82 psycho therapists registered at university and 103 psycho therapists registered at community center as research subjects, and used confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of the adapted " Non-Sexual Dual Relationship Ethical Judgment and Behavior of Psycho Therapists Questionnaire." Then, descriptive statistics were used to understand the ethical status of university and community psycho therapists in non-sexual dual relationships. Furthermore, a mixed-design two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the differences between the two groups of psycho therapists in non-sexual dual relationships. Finally, independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine the impact of other background variables on the ethical performance of non-sexual dual relationships.The results of the study were as follows:1. The reliability and validity of "Non-sexual Dual Relationship Ethical judgment and Ethical Behavior of Psycho-therapists Questionnaire" were supported.2. Ethical status:(1) Psycho-therapists serviced at university: They tend to believe that social relationships are unethical, their scores of giving and receiving gifts are close to the midpoint, and tend to believe that physical touch is ethical. They have a moderate to high degree of confidence in their ethical judgments regarding non-sexual dual relationships. Overall, the frequency of ethical behavior in non-sexual dual relationships among them is relatively low.(2) Psycho-therapists serviced in community center: hey tend to believe that social relationships are unethical, their scores for giving and receiving gifts are close to the midpoint, and tend to believe that physical touch is ethical. They have a moderate to high degree of confidence in their ethical judgments regarding non-sexual dual relationships. Overall, the frequency of ethical behavior in non-sexual dual relationships among them is relatively low.3. Psycho-therapists serviced at university and in community center have no difference in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationships; psycho-therapists serviced in community center have higher confidence in judgement than the one serviced at universitiy; In terms of ethical behavior, there is no difference between the two fields of psychologists in the dimension of social relationships and giving and receiving gifts, amd psycho-therapists serviced in community center are more likely to engage in physical touch behaviors than the one serviced ay university.4. The impact of different dimensions on non-sexual dual relationships:(1) Sex: Men are looser than women in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationships, and they are also less confident in their ethical judgments; there is no significant difference in the frequency of ethical behaviors between men and women.(2) Years of practice: There is no difference in the ethical judgment of non-sexual dual relationship between different years of practice. The more experienced the psychologist, the higher the confidence in the judgment, and the higher the frequency of non-sexual dual relationship ethical behavior. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機 1第二節 研究目的與研究問題 4第三節 名詞釋義 4第二章 文獻探討 6第一節 諮商倫理中的雙重關係 6第二節 心理師在大專院校與社區機構常見的非性雙重關係倫理議題 18第三節 倫理判斷與倫理行為的實證研究 26第四節 小結與研究假設 34第三章 研究方法 35第一節 研究架構 35第二節 研究對象 35第三節 研究工具 38第四節 研究程序 46第五節 資料處理與分析 48第四章 研究結果 49第一節 心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷之信效度分析 49第二節 大專院校與社區機構心理師在非性雙重關係上的倫理現況及差異 56第三節 其他背景變項下的非性雙重關係倫理現況差異情形 69第五章 討論 74第一節 心理師非性雙重關係倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷 74第二節 大專院校與社區機構心理師在非性雙重關係上的倫理現況及差異 77第三節 其他背景變項下的非性雙重關係倫理現況差異情形 84第六章 研究結論與建議 86第一節 研究結論 86第二節 研究限制 87第三節 研究貢獻與未來建議 88參考文獻 91附件 99 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2851850 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108172007 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 非性雙重關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大專院校心理師 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社區機構心理師 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理判斷 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理判斷信心度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理行為 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Psycho-therapists Serviced at School en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Psycho-therapists Serviced in Community Center en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Non-sexual Dual Relationship en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ethical Judgement en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) the Confidence Degree of Ethical Judgement en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Ethical Behavior en_US dc.title (題名) 大專院校與社區機構心理師在「非性雙重關係」的倫理判斷與倫理行為之差異研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A study on the difference of ethical judgement and ethical behavior in “non-sexual dual relationship” between psycho-therapists serviced at university and in community center. en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分牛格正（1991）。諮商專業倫理。五南。牛格正、王智弘（2008）。助人專業倫理。心靈工坊。中華民國臨床心理師公會全國聯合會（2011）。臨床心理師倫理準則與行為規範。取自：http://www.atcp.org.tw/modules/news/article.php?storyid=52王守珍（2009）。台灣臨床心理師的組織與人力現況。應用心理研究，41，35-42。王金石、朱翠瑾（2003）。職業心理師專業培養與心理診所專業經營之模式研討。諮商與輔導，215，16-20。王智弘（1997）。諮商專業倫理。應用倫理通訊，4，41-48。王智弘（2004年11月）。諮商專業倫理之理念架構與諮商專業倫理機制的運作模式。中國輔導學會2004年年會暨學術研討會發表之論文。台北市國立台灣師範大學。王智弘（2005）。諮商專業倫理之理念與實踐。教育研究月刊，132，87-98。王義德（2017）。諮商關係中發生非性雙重關係之倫理困境。諮商與輔導，377，18-21。台灣心理學會（2013）。心理學專業人員倫理準則。取自：https://www.tpa-tw.org/conduct台灣輔導與諮商學會（2001）。台灣輔導與諮商學會諮商專業倫理守則。取自：http://www.guidance.org.tw/ethic_001.html行政院（2021）。110年醫療與其他醫事機構執業醫事人員數及每萬人口執業醫事人員數。取自：https://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/Dialog/viewplus.asp?ma=HS0203A1A&ti=%C2%E5%C0%F8%BBP%A8%E4%A5L%C2%E5%A8%C6%BE%F7%BAc%B0%F5%B7~%C2%E5%A8%C6%A4H%AD%FB%BC%C6%A4%CE%A8C%B8U%A4H%A4f%B0%F5%B7~%C2%E5%A8%C6%A4H%AD%FB%BC%C6-%A6~&path=../PXfile/Health/&lang=9&strList=L何志平（1990）。國民小學輔導人員專業倫理行為與倫理判斷傾向之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺中師範學院。何金針（譯）（2007）。社區諮商：多元社會的賦能策略（原作者：Lewis, J. A., Lewis, M. D., Daniels, J. A., D’ Andrea, M. J.）。台北：心理出版社。（原著出版年：2003）。何思妤、劉若筠（2018）。校園諮商輔導工作之多重關係探究。諮商與輔導，391，25-29。李佳儒、張勻銘、王智弘、楊純斐（2012）。諮商心理師團體諮商倫理信念與行為之探究。中華輔導與諮商學報，34，53-81。李華璋（2001）。諮商人員專業認同歷程分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。呂羿慧（2009）。從雙重關係談輔導教師在學校諮商中多重角色的困境。諮商與輔導，277，11-14。宋宥賢（2014）。學校輔導人員諮商專業倫理困境與因應：實務現場之省思。諮商與輔導，347，13-17。社團法人中華民國諮商心理師公會全國聯合會（2012）。諮商心理師專業倫理守則。取自：https://www.tcpu.org.tw/legal-and-ethical-complaints/5-professional-ethics-code-for-counseling-psychologists-of-the-national-federation-of-counseling-psychologists-association-of-the-republic-of-china.html吳佩芬（2012）。從實務工作者的角度看國中小兼任輔導教師的諮商倫理議題。諮商與輔導，313，24-28。吳禹廷、何英奇（2017）。諮商心理師的行銷之道。諮商與輔導，374，21-26。林玉珊、顏憶帆（2013）。助人工作者當面對親友尋求諮商時之雙重關係困境。家庭教育雙月刊，43，40-45。林美芳、張馥媛、王智弘（2009）。臨床心理師非性雙重關係倫理態度與行為之調查研究。台灣公共衛生雜誌，28（6），530-540。林星翔（2019）。心智化能力涉入個別諮商情境之研究－以專家與新手諮商心理師為例（未出版之碩士論文）。淡江大學。林家興、謝昀蓁、孫正大（2008）。諮商心理師執業現況調查研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，23，117-145。林家興（2014）。諮商專業倫理臨床應用與案例分析。心理出版社。林家興（2014）。臺灣諮商心理師執業現況與執業意見之調查研究。教育心理學報，45（3），279-302。林慶仁（1997）。學校輔導教師諮商倫理判斷之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。洪莉竹（2016）。實務工作者面對倫理挑戰的考量與經驗－台灣諮商輔導倫理議題研究之探討。臺灣諮商心理學報，4（1），1-16。修慧蘭（2012）。大專院校專任心理諮商輔導人員所需職能之研究。臺灣諮商心理學報，1，89-117。修慧蘭、林蔚芳、洪莉竹（譯）（2019）。專業助人工作倫理（二版）（原作者：Corey, G., Corey, M. S., Corey, C. ）。雙葉書廊。（原著出版年：2019）。陳文玲（1991）。學校輔導教師諮商倫理信念調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。陳志信（1993）。輔導教師專業倫理行為及其倫理判斷傾向之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。陳彥豪（譯）（1999）。非語言傳播（原作者：Knapp, M. L., & Hall, J. A.）。五南。（原著初版年：1992）。許維素（2002）。中學教師焦點解決短期諮商訓練課程方案成效之研究。教育心理學報，33（2），57-77。張勻銘、王智弘、楊淳斐、李佳儒（2012）。當事人和諮商師發展友誼關係之經驗：當事人觀點。中華心理衛生學刊，25（4），633-658。張涵茹（2018）。從《診療椅上的謊言》一書探討違反界線之諮商倫理議題。諮商與輔導，395，42-44。康家華（2009）。中等學校輔導教師對師生諮商雙重關係之經驗探究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學。曾仰如（1991）。十大哲學問題之探微。輔仁大學出版社。畢恆達（2016）。空間就是性別。心靈工坊。黃文俊（2016）。行動心理師生涯轉換與工作型態之敘說研究（未出版之碩士論文）。中國文化大學。黃嘉羚（2019）。當我們碰在一起－從個案角度談諮商中的觸碰（未出版之碩士論文）。淡江大學。楊淳斐（1997）。大專院校輔導教師諮商倫理信念與行為之調查研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。楊添圍、周仁宇（譯）（2021）。人我之間：客體關係理論與治療實務（十一版）（原作者：Hamilton, N. G.）。心靈工坊。（原著出版年：2004）。楊堯翔、黃文俐、蔡佳伶、江佩耘、吳芝儀（2016）。大專院校諮商多重關係之探討。輔導季刊，52（4），39-48。臺灣諮商心理學會（2014）。諮商心理專業倫理守則。取自：http://www.twcpa.org.tw/about.php?id=372劉完利（2013）。社區心理輔導志工倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究：以「張老師」基金會為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學。鄭芷昀（2021）。心理師經營社群網站之自我揭露經驗探討（未出版之碩士論文）。國立政治大學。盧怡任、王智弘（2012）。諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究。教育心理學報， 43（4），783-803。謝蕙如（2014）。諮商師面臨雙重關係困境與其因應之道。諮商與輔導，340， 47-50。 英文部分American Counseling Association. (2014). Code of ethics. Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/knowledge-center/ethicsAnderson, S. K., & Kitchener, K. S. (1996). Nonromantic, nonsexual posttherapy relationships between psychologists and former clients: An exploratory study of critical incidents. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 27(1), 59-66.Barr, J. (1971). A comparison between counselor-trainee and practicing counselor awareness of the ethical standards set forth by the APGA. Dissertation Abstracts International, 32, 17-71.Barnett, J. E., Behnke, S. H., Rosenthal, S. L., & Koocher, G. P. (2007). In case of ethical dilemma, break glass: Commentary on ethical decision making in practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(1), 7-12.Blocher, D. H. (1987). The professional counselor. Macmillan Publishing Co, Inc.Borys, D. S., & Pope, K. S. (1989). Dual relationships between therapist and client: A national study of psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 20(5), 283-293.Brownlee, K. (1996). Ethics in community mental health care: The ethics of non-sexual dual relationships: A dilemma for the rural mental health profession. Community Mental Health Journal, 32(5), 497-503.Campbell, C. D., & Gordon, M. C. (2003). Acknowledging the inevitable: Understanding multiple relationships in rural practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34(4), 430-434.Crittenden, G. F. (2010). Beliefs about the ethics of dual relationship dilemmas in rural settings: An investigation of counselors` perspectives (Doctoral dissertation). Retrived from ProQuest Dissertation and theses database. (UMI No. 3426823)Doromal, Q. S., & Creamer, D. G. (1988). An evaluation of the ethical judgement scale. Journal of College Student Development, 29, 151-158.Erikson, E. (1982). The life cycle completed. W.W. Norton & Company.Gabbard, G. O. (1994). Psychotherapists who transgress sexual boundaries with patients. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 58(1), 124-135.Gibson, W. T., & Pope, K. S. (1993). The ethics of counseling: A national survey of certified counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(3), 330-336.Glosoff, H. L. (2015). Multiple relationship issues in private practice. In B. Herlihy & G. Corey (Eds.), Boundary issues in counseling: Multiple roles and responsibilities (pp. 229-237). John Wiley & Sons.Gutheil, T. G., & Gabbard, G. O. (1993). The concept of boundaries in clinical practice: Theoretical and risk-management dimensions. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(2), 188-196.Haas, L. J., Malouf, J. L., & Mayerson, N. H. (1986). Ethical dilemmas in psychological practice: Results of a national survey. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 17(4), 316-321.Herlihy, B., & Corey, G. (2014). Boundary issues in counseling: Multiple roles and responsibilities. John Wiley & Sons.Jehu, D. (1994). Patients as victims: Sexual abuse in psychotherapy and counselling. John Wiley & SonsJones, S. E., & Yarbrough, A. E. (1985). A naturalistic study of meanings of touch. Communication Monographs, 52(1), 19-56.Kitchener, K. S. (1984). Intuition, critical evaluation and ethical principles: The foundation for ethical decisions in counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 12(3), 43-55.Lazarus, A. A. (1994). How certain boundaries and ethics diminish therapeutic effectiveness. Ethics & Behavior, 4(3), 255-261.Lazarus, A. A., & Zur, O. (2002). Dual relationships and psychotherapy. Springer Publishing Co.Moleski, S. M., & Kiselica, M. S. (2005). Dual relationships: A continuum ranging from the destructive to the therapeutic. Journal of Counseling & Development, 83(1), 3-11.O` Laughlin, M. J. (2000). Dr. Strangelove: Therapist-client dual relationship bans and freedom of association, or how I learned to stop worrying and love my clients. UMKC Law Review, 69, 697-733.Paradise, L. V. (1977). Toward a theory on the ethical behavior of counselors. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, 4140-4141.Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist, 42, 993-1006.Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (1998). Ethical and legal codes and complaints. In K. S. Pope & M. J. Vasquez (Eds.), Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling (pp. 19-39). Jossey-Bass.Post, P. (1989). The use of the ethical judgement scale in counselor education. Counselor Education and Supervision, 28, 229-233.Schank, J. A., & Skovholt, T. M. (1997). Dual-relationship dilemmas of rural and small-community psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 28(1), 44-49.Scopelliti, J., Judd, F., Grigg, M., Hodgins, G., Fraser, C., Hulbert, C., Endacott, R., & Wood, A. (2004). Dual relationships in mental health practice: Issues for clinicians in rural settings. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38(11-12), 953-959.Shertzer, B., & Morris, K. (1972). APGA members` ethical discriminatory ability. Counselor Education and Supervision, 11(3), 200-206.Stake, J. E., & Oliver, J. (1991). Sexual contact and touching between therapist and client: A survey of psychologists` attitudes and behavior. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 22(4), 297-307.Sperry, L. (2007). The ethical and professional practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Pearson Education.Vafakas, K. M. (1974). Ethical behavior of community college counselors. Journal of College Student Personnel, 15(2), 101-104.Van Hoose, W. H, & Kottler, J. A. (1977). Ethical and legal issues in counseling and psycho-therapy. Jossey-Bass.Van Hoose, W. H., & Paradise, L. V. (1979). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Perspectives in issues and decision making. Carroll PressWelfel, E. R. (1998). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Standards, research, and emerging issues. Pacific Grove.Wisler, J. A. (1977). Relationship of counselor perception of the ethical standards and response plausibility to rejection of unethical responses. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37(7-A), 4153.Zibert, J. C. (1992). Ethical knowledge of counselors: A survey of the membership of the Texas Association for Counseling and Development. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of North Texas, Denton.Zur, O. (2007). Boundaries in Psychotherapy: Ethical and clinical explorations. American Psychological Association.Zur, O. (2009). Therapist self-disclosure: Standard of care, ethical considerations, and therapeutic context. In A. Bloomgarden & R. B. Mennuti (Eds.), Psychotherapist revealed: Therapists speak about self-disclosure in psychotherapy (pp. 31-51). Taylor & Francis Group.Zur, O., & Nordmarken, N. (2011). To touch or not to touch: Exploring the myth of prohibition on touch in psychotherapy and counseling. Retrieved Sep/20th/2022 from http://www.zurinstitute.com/touchintherapy.html zh_TW
