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題名 民族主義對中國外交政策的影響-以2019-2022年戰狼外交現象為例
How Nationalism Influence China Foreign Policy: The Case of Warrior Diplomacy in 2019-2022
作者 吳亭儀
Wu, Ting-yi
貢獻者 陳秉逵
吳亭儀
Wu, Ting-yi
關鍵詞 中國民族主義
中國外交政策
戰狼外交
文本分析
民族主義情緒
Chinese nationalism
Chinese foreign policy
Wolf warrior diplomacy
Text analysis
Nationalistic sentiment
日期 2023
上傳時間 6-Jul-2023 16:36:26 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　自習近平上台以來，中國外交戰略帶有鮮明的民族主義色彩，例如「中國夢」和「中華民族偉大復興」等理念。近年來，中國經濟成長趨緩，習近平集中權力的作為也可能促使中國訴諸民族主義以鞏固中共的政權正當性。然而，中共的威權體制和習近平上台以來的民族主義情緒如何影響中國的外交政策仍需進一步探究。2019年末新冠疫情爆發後，中國外交官的強硬措辭和中國網民的民族主義發言引起了國際社會的關注，並被稱為「戰狼外交」。然而，透過蒐集《環球時報》社論的方式來測量中國大眾民族主義情緒，本文發現中國大眾民族主義情緒並未整體上升，因此難以說明戰狼外交是大眾民族主義情緒上升的結果。儘管如此，我們可以透過網路觀察到中國網民的大眾民族主義情緒以及其中對「戰狼外交」的支持，因此本文透過分析中美、中英及中澳等「戰狼外交」案例，發現中共在很大程度上仍能控制中國大眾民族主義，並在需要時加以動員。
Since Xi Jinping came to power, Chinese foreign policy has been marked by distinct nationalism, as seen in concepts such as the "Chinese Dream" and the "Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation." In recent years, China`s economic growth has slowed, and Xi Jinping`s consolidation of power may have prompted the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to rely on nationalism to solidify its legitimacy. However, further exploration is needed to understand how the CCP`s authoritarian regime and the nationalist sentiment under Xi Jinping`s leadership have influenced China`s foreign policy. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, the strong rhetoric from Chinese diplomats and the nationalist comments from Chinese internet users drew international attention and were labeled as "Wolf Warrior Diplomacy." However, by measuring the popular nationalist sentiment through the analysis of editorials from the Global Times, this study found that overall, there was no significant increase in Chinese popular nationalist sentiment. Therefore, it is difficult to attribute "Wolf Warrior Diplomacy" to a rise in popular nationalist sentiment. However, we can observe through the internet the prevailing nationalist sentiment among Chinese netizens and their support for "Wolf Warrior Diplomacy." Therefore, this article examines cases of "Wolf Warrior diplomacy" between China and the United States, China and the United Kingdom, China and Australia, etc., and finds that the CCP still maintains significant control over Chinese public nationalism and can mobilize it when necessary.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
外交學系
106253028
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106253028
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳秉逵zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳亭儀zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Ting-yien_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳亭儀zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Ting-yien_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 6-Jul-2023 16:36:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 6-Jul-2023 16:36:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 6-Jul-2023 16:36:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106253028en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/145816-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 外交學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106253028zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　自習近平上台以來，中國外交戰略帶有鮮明的民族主義色彩，例如「中國夢」和「中華民族偉大復興」等理念。近年來，中國經濟成長趨緩，習近平集中權力的作為也可能促使中國訴諸民族主義以鞏固中共的政權正當性。然而，中共的威權體制和習近平上台以來的民族主義情緒如何影響中國的外交政策仍需進一步探究。2019年末新冠疫情爆發後，中國外交官的強硬措辭和中國網民的民族主義發言引起了國際社會的關注，並被稱為「戰狼外交」。然而，透過蒐集《環球時報》社論的方式來測量中國大眾民族主義情緒，本文發現中國大眾民族主義情緒並未整體上升，因此難以說明戰狼外交是大眾民族主義情緒上升的結果。儘管如此，我們可以透過網路觀察到中國網民的大眾民族主義情緒以及其中對「戰狼外交」的支持，因此本文透過分析中美、中英及中澳等「戰狼外交」案例，發現中共在很大程度上仍能控制中國大眾民族主義，並在需要時加以動員。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since Xi Jinping came to power, Chinese foreign policy has been marked by distinct nationalism, as seen in concepts such as the &quot;Chinese Dream&quot; and the &quot;Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation.&quot; In recent years, China`s economic growth has slowed, and Xi Jinping`s consolidation of power may have prompted the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to rely on nationalism to solidify its legitimacy. However, further exploration is needed to understand how the CCP`s authoritarian regime and the nationalist sentiment under Xi Jinping`s leadership have influenced China`s foreign policy. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, the strong rhetoric from Chinese diplomats and the nationalist comments from Chinese internet users drew international attention and were labeled as &quot;Wolf Warrior Diplomacy.&quot; However, by measuring the popular nationalist sentiment through the analysis of editorials from the Global Times, this study found that overall, there was no significant increase in Chinese popular nationalist sentiment. Therefore, it is difficult to attribute &quot;Wolf Warrior Diplomacy&quot; to a rise in popular nationalist sentiment. However, we can observe through the internet the prevailing nationalist sentiment among Chinese netizens and their support for &quot;Wolf Warrior Diplomacy.&quot; Therefore, this article examines cases of &quot;Wolf Warrior diplomacy&quot; between China and the United States, China and the United Kingdom, China and Australia, etc., and finds that the CCP still maintains significant control over Chinese public nationalism and can mobilize it when necessary.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機與研究目的 1
第二節、民族主義概念界定 4
第三節、研究方法及研究設計 10
第四節、研究限制 12
第二章、文獻回顧 14
第一節、當代中國民族主義發展及其與對外關係 14
第二節、中國民族主義與外交政策之相關性 18
第三節、中國民族主義與外交政策不存在相關性 24
第四節、中國網路民族主義與外交政策 27
第五節、小結 33
第三章、習近平時期中國民族主義與外交政策 35
第一節、習近平具民族主義色彩的外交政策 35
第二節、國際爭端與滋長的民族主義情緒 46
第三節、民族主義情緒測量──分析《環球時報》社評 52
第四節、小結 64
第四章、戰狼外交個案分析──以美國及其盟友對中國科技圍堵為例 66
第一節、美國對中國的科技圍堵 66
第二節、英國及澳洲對中國的科技圍堵 73
第三節、戰狼外交與中國的國際形象 79
第四節、小結 91
第五章、結論 93
第一節、研究發現 93
第二節、未來研究方向 95
參考文獻 96		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2800517 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106253028en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國民族主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國外交政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 戰狼外交zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 文本分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民族主義情緒zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinese nationalismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinese foreign policyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Wolf warrior diplomacyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Text analysisen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nationalistic sentimenten_US
dc.title (題名) 民族主義對中國外交政策的影響-以2019-2022年戰狼外交現象為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) How Nationalism Influence China Foreign Policy: The Case of Warrior Diplomacy in 2019-2022en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文資料與文獻
專書及專書論文
方天賜、張登及，2011。<民族主義與恐怖主義>，張亞中、左正東主編，《國際關係總論》。新北：揚智文化。頁218-250。
王雲東、呂傑華，2021。《社會研究方法》。新北：揚智文化。
王義桅，2015。《＂一帶一路＂：機遇與挑戰》。北京：人民出版社。
何清漣，2019。《紅色滲透：中國媒體全球擴張的真相》。新北市：八旗文化。

期刊與雜誌
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劉曉波，1994/11/1。<家奴的民族自尊──大陸近年民族主義思潮評述>，《開放》，十一月號，頁18-20。

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汪曉東、張煒、吳姍，2021/10/1。<凝聚起中華兒女團結奮鬥的磅礴力量——習近平總書記關於弘揚愛國主義精神重要論述綜述>，《新華網》， 。
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環球網，2021/7/31。<徹查！超2000萬人連署要求調查美國德特裡克堡>，《環球網》， 。
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＃我支持新疆棉花＃，《微博》，訪問日期：2022年10月23日，。
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英文資料與文獻
專書
Alter, Peter, 1985. Nationalism. London: Edward Arnold.
Anderson, Benedict, 1991. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
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Delanty Gerard and O’Mahony, Patrick, 2002. Nationalism and Social Theory: Modernity and the Recalcitrance of the Nation. London: Sage.
Friedman, Edward, 1995. National Identity and Democratic Prospects in Socialist China. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
Gellner, Ernest, 1964. Thought and Change. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
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Guibernau, Montserrat, 1996. Nationalisms: The Nation-State and Nationalism in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Hechter, Michael, 2000. Containing Nationalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hobsbawm, Eric and Ranger, Terence, 1983. The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Huntington, Samuel P., 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Kang, David, 2007. China Rising-Peace, Power and Order in East Asia. New York: Columbia University Press.
Martin, Peter, 2021. China`s Civilian Army: The Inside Story of China`s Quest for Global Power. New York: Oxford University Press.
Nolan, Peter, 2012. Is China Buying the World? Cambridge: Polity Press.
Seton-Watson, Hugh, 1977. Nations and States: An Enquiry into the Origins of Nations and the Politics of Nationalism. London: Methuen.
Smith, Anthony, 1995. Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Wu, Xu, 2007. Chinese Cyber Nationalism: Evolution, Characteristics, and Implications. Lanham: Lexington Books.
Zhao, Suisheng, 2004. A Nation-State by Construction: Dynamics of Modern Chinese Nationalism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Zheng, Yongnian, 1999. Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.

專書論文
Barmé, Geremie R., 1996. “To Screw Foreigners Is Patriotic: China’s Avant-Garde Nationalists,” in Jonathan Unger, ed., Chinese Nationalism. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. pp. 187-208.
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Dahlgren, Peter, 2001. “The Public Sphere and the Net: Structure, Space, and Communication,” in W. Lance Bennett & Robert M. Entman, eds., Mediated Politics: Communication in the Future of Democracy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 33-55.
Ferrero, Mario, 1995. “The Economics of Socialist Nationalism: Evidence and Theory,” in Albert Breton et al., eds., Nationalism and Rationality. Cambridge, England; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 208-226.
Hroch, Miroslav, 1996. “From National Movement to the Fully-Formed Nation: The Nation Building Process in Europe,” in Gopal Balakrishnan & Benedict Anderson, eds., Mapping the Nation. London: Verso. pp. 78–97.
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Pye, Lucian W., 1996. “How China’s Nationalism was Shanghaied,” in Jonathan Unger, ed., Chinese Nationalism. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. pp. 86-112.
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Zhang, Jian, 2007. “The Influence of Chinese Nationalism on Sino-Japanese Relations,” in Michael Healze and Nick Knight eds., China-Japan Relations in the Twenty-First Century: Creating a Future Past? Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 71-84.

期刊與雜誌
“Red Line,” The Economist, Vol. 444, Issue 9307, July 30, 2022, p. 21.
Bernstein, Richard and Munro, Ross H., 1997/3-4. “The Coming Conflict with America,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 76, Issue 2, pp. 18-32.
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Haas, Ernst, 1986/Summer. “What is Nationalism and Why Should We Study it?” International Organization, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 709-710.
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Papastephanou, Marianna, 2001/11. “Modernization, Rationalization, and Education: Responding to the Other,” Sociological Research Online, Vol. 6, Issue 3, pp. 105–115.

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“DHS Cracks Down on Goods Produced by China’s State-Sponsored Forced Labor,” Department of Homeland Security, Release Date: Sep 14, 2020, Last Updated: Feb 5, 2021, .
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“OBOR Trouble: Now, IMF Chief Christine Lagarde Sends This Big Warning to China Over BRI,” Financial Express, April 12, 2018, .
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