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題名 幼兒在視訊情境中的溝通行為
Toddler’s Communicative Behaviors in Video Chat作者 黃雪靖
Huang, Hsueh-Ching貢獻者 黃啟泰
Huang, Chi-Tai
黃雪靖
Huang, Hsueh-Ching關鍵詞 共享式注意力
視訊互動
溝通行為
社會認知
Joint attention
interaction in video chat
Communication behaviors
Social cognition日期 2023 上傳時間 2-Aug-2023 13:48:37 (UTC+8) 摘要 自2019年新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）在全球大流行，為了避免病毒傳播的風險，遠距視訊軟體快速成為人與人間溝通的重要媒介，人們越來越依賴視訊軟體進行遠距互動。視訊被用來作為幼兒與親人聯繫、遠距學習的重要工具。在疫情影響下，了解幼兒在視訊與他人溝通互動的行為表現與心智歷程，是現實環境中的迫切議題。本研究旨在探討幼兒如何與他人分享對方、己身環境中的物件，以及如何回應他人在視訊中的溝通行為。我們採用實驗設計方式，讓2歲幼兒（N = 32）在Google meet視訊會議中與實驗者互動，透過操弄目標物在實驗者和參與者的前方（己側螢幕），或是實驗者和參與者的後方（對側螢幕），紀錄幼兒在不同情境中的溝通行為樣態。結果發現，當目標物出現在實驗者前面與後面時，幼兒會花更多的時間注視螢幕、會做出更多的手指指示和物體命名。然而，當實驗者分享幼兒後方目標物體時，幼兒則是相較起實驗者分享前方物體時更容易出現轉頭的反應，但其中有做出轉頭反應的只有14人。當目標物出現在參與者前方時，資料顯示有6名幼兒會出現展示的行為，其他情境則未出現展示行為。在所有情境中，皆並未出現要求的手勢。然而，鮮少有幼兒在手指指示後伴隨轉頭看照顧者的行為。本研究結果顯示幼兒在各情境中，有不同的溝通行為樣態。幼兒的溝通行為會受到目標物所在的環境位置調節。他們開始有能力解讀在視訊中，他人對於自己後方物體的分享行為。並且，也能理解到視訊中互動的雙方位在不同環境中。這顯示出該年齡幼兒開始嶄露出在視訊中互動的能力。
Since Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a global pandemic in 2019, in order to avoid the risk of virus transmission, video chat have quickly become an important medium for communication, people are increasingly rely on video chat for long-distance interaction. Video chat is used as an important tool for toddlers to contact with relatives and learning remotely. Under the impact of COVID-19, it is an pressing issue to study the behavior and mental process in video chat. This study investigated how toddlers engaging in video chat shared objects in their own or others’ environment and responded to others` communicative behaviors. We adopted an experimental design method, allowing 2-year-old children (N = 32) to interact with the experimenter in a Google meet, by manipulating the target object in front of the experimenter and the participant (within-screen), or the target object behind the experimenter and the participant (across-screen) ,we records children `s communication behaviors in different conditions. Results revealed that when the target object appeared in front of and behind the experimenter, the children not only spent more time looking at the screen, but also were more likely to point and label the objects on the screen. However, when the experimenter shared the target object behind the children, the children was more likely to turn his head than when the experimenter shared the object in front, but only 14 of them turned their head. When the target object was in front of the participants, 6 children exhibited showing gestures, which were not found in other conditions. No children produced request gestures across conditions. Children rarely turned the head to look to their caregiver after pointing. The results show that young children have different communication behavior patterns in each condition. Toddler`s communicative behavior was regulated by the location of the target object. They be able to interpret the sharing behavior of others about objects behind them in the video chat. Moreover, they can comprehend that the two sides of the interaction in the video chat are in different environments. In conclusion, children at this ages have begun to emerge the ability to interact in video chat.參考文獻 台灣幼兒發展調查資料庫（2022年4月1日）：善用3C．陪伴第一：許孩子一個美好未來。國立臺灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系。https://kit.hdfs.ntnu.edu.tw/CN/Media.aspx劉惠美、曹峰銘（2010）華語嬰幼兒溝通發展量表（臺灣版）（MCDI-T）。Adamson, L. B., Bakeman, R., & Deckner, D. F. (2004). The development of symbol‐infused joint engagement. 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國立政治大學
心理學系
108752009資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108752009 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 黃啟泰 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Chi-Tai en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃雪靖 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Hsueh-Ching en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃雪靖 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Huang, Hsueh-Ching en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Aug-2023 13:48:37 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Aug-2023 13:48:37 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Aug-2023 13:48:37 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108752009 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/146508 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 心理學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108752009 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自2019年新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）在全球大流行，為了避免病毒傳播的風險，遠距視訊軟體快速成為人與人間溝通的重要媒介，人們越來越依賴視訊軟體進行遠距互動。視訊被用來作為幼兒與親人聯繫、遠距學習的重要工具。在疫情影響下，了解幼兒在視訊與他人溝通互動的行為表現與心智歷程，是現實環境中的迫切議題。本研究旨在探討幼兒如何與他人分享對方、己身環境中的物件，以及如何回應他人在視訊中的溝通行為。我們採用實驗設計方式，讓2歲幼兒（N = 32）在Google meet視訊會議中與實驗者互動，透過操弄目標物在實驗者和參與者的前方（己側螢幕），或是實驗者和參與者的後方（對側螢幕），紀錄幼兒在不同情境中的溝通行為樣態。結果發現，當目標物出現在實驗者前面與後面時，幼兒會花更多的時間注視螢幕、會做出更多的手指指示和物體命名。然而，當實驗者分享幼兒後方目標物體時，幼兒則是相較起實驗者分享前方物體時更容易出現轉頭的反應，但其中有做出轉頭反應的只有14人。當目標物出現在參與者前方時，資料顯示有6名幼兒會出現展示的行為，其他情境則未出現展示行為。在所有情境中，皆並未出現要求的手勢。然而，鮮少有幼兒在手指指示後伴隨轉頭看照顧者的行為。本研究結果顯示幼兒在各情境中，有不同的溝通行為樣態。幼兒的溝通行為會受到目標物所在的環境位置調節。他們開始有能力解讀在視訊中，他人對於自己後方物體的分享行為。並且，也能理解到視訊中互動的雙方位在不同環境中。這顯示出該年齡幼兒開始嶄露出在視訊中互動的能力。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Since Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a global pandemic in 2019, in order to avoid the risk of virus transmission, video chat have quickly become an important medium for communication, people are increasingly rely on video chat for long-distance interaction. Video chat is used as an important tool for toddlers to contact with relatives and learning remotely. Under the impact of COVID-19, it is an pressing issue to study the behavior and mental process in video chat. This study investigated how toddlers engaging in video chat shared objects in their own or others’ environment and responded to others` communicative behaviors. We adopted an experimental design method, allowing 2-year-old children (N = 32) to interact with the experimenter in a Google meet, by manipulating the target object in front of the experimenter and the participant (within-screen), or the target object behind the experimenter and the participant (across-screen) ,we records children `s communication behaviors in different conditions. Results revealed that when the target object appeared in front of and behind the experimenter, the children not only spent more time looking at the screen, but also were more likely to point and label the objects on the screen. However, when the experimenter shared the target object behind the children, the children was more likely to turn his head than when the experimenter shared the object in front, but only 14 of them turned their head. When the target object was in front of the participants, 6 children exhibited showing gestures, which were not found in other conditions. No children produced request gestures across conditions. Children rarely turned the head to look to their caregiver after pointing. The results show that young children have different communication behavior patterns in each condition. Toddler`s communicative behavior was regulated by the location of the target object. They be able to interpret the sharing behavior of others about objects behind them in the video chat. Moreover, they can comprehend that the two sides of the interaction in the video chat are in different environments. In conclusion, children at this ages have begun to emerge the ability to interact in video chat. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄表目錄 viii圖目錄 ix第一章、緒論 1第一節、研究動機 1第二節、研究目的 3第二章、文獻回顧 4第一節、視訊下的溝通與學習 4一、從螢幕到現實環境的遷移學習（Transfer learning） 4二、影像落差的解釋理論 9三、從螢幕中與他人溝通互動 11四、小結 13第二節、溝通與共享式注意力 13一、共享式注意力的概念定義 14二、共享式注意力的研究範疇 14三、共享式注意力的型態 15四、視訊中的共享式注意力 17五、小結 19第三節、研究問題與假設 20一、研究目的 20二、研究問題與假設 20第三章、研究方法 23第一節、參與者 23第二節、實驗材料 26第三節、實驗程序 32第四節、資料計分 39第四章、結果 43第一節、各情境下的溝通行為 43一、注視螢幕的時間 43二、手指指示行為 45三、轉頭 48四、展示的手勢 49五、要求的手勢 50六、物體命名 50七、伴隨物體命名的手指指示 51八、手指指示行為伴隨轉頭看照顧者 52第二節、補充分析 52一、幼兒與實驗者建立起的社會即時性回饋 52二、過去的視訊使用經驗 53三、幼兒本身的溝通能力發展 54第五章、討論 56第一節、視訊中成功溝通的基本要素 57第二節、對側螢幕溝通行為與己側螢幕溝通行為 58第三節、不同情境中的溝通行為樣態 61第四節、視訊中的溝通線索豐富度 62第五節、幼兒在視訊互動中的基本認識 63第六節、研究貢獻、限制與未來研究方向 63第七節、結論 65參考文獻 67附錄一、3C產品使用狀況調查問卷 77 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3131902 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108752009 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 共享式注意力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 視訊互動 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 溝通行為 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會認知 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Joint attention en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) interaction in video chat en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Communication behaviors en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social cognition en_US dc.title (題名) 幼兒在視訊情境中的溝通行為 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Toddler’s Communicative Behaviors in Video Chat en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣幼兒發展調查資料庫（2022年4月1日）：善用3C．陪伴第一：許孩子一個美好未來。國立臺灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系。https://kit.hdfs.ntnu.edu.tw/CN/Media.aspx劉惠美、曹峰銘（2010）華語嬰幼兒溝通發展量表（臺灣版）（MCDI-T）。Adamson, L. 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