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題名 人身保險給付與實質課稅問題之研究
A Study on Life Insurance Pays and Substantial Taxation
作者 洪秀青
Hung, Hsiu-Ching
貢獻者 黃明聖
Huang, Ming-Sheng
洪秀青
Hung, Hsiu-Ching
關鍵詞 人身保險給付
實質課稅原則
遺產稅
租稅公平
Life Insurance Pays
Substantive Taxation Principle
Inheritance Tax
Tax Fairness
日期 2023
上傳時間 2-Aug-2023 14:17:42 (UTC+8)
摘要 稅捐機關近年來在保險給付課稅,對於早期認為身故保險金可完全不計入遺產總額課稅基礎,漸趨保留態度。為防止納稅義務人利用保單規避稅負,在民國102年公布保險給付8大態樣,以實質課稅原則適用向納稅義務人補單課稅,但因未能明確說明其內涵與審核標準,致納稅義務人與稅捐機關間爭議仍存在,屢屢衍生興訟的問題。
本研究將從人身保險功能與內涵、租稅法律相關原則涵義與公平性、國際間主要國家對人身保險給付課稅方式、國內稅捐機關以8大態樣審核合理性等整體探討。特別是對人身保險死亡給付與遺贈稅爭點情形,就實質課稅原則以行政函釋溯及既往課稅程序適用之妥適性及合理性,歸納稅捐機關102年、109年8大態樣比對,進行相關綜整分析,據以研提相關具體解決方案,期能在現行機制作業下,提供主管機關日後調整檢討修正方向與未來修法之參考。
本研究建議:一、儘速檢討修正8大特徵態樣,訂出日出條款。刪除有爭議態樣如短期投保、密集投保後,再次發布新解釋函令,並於特定的日期後才適用。二、參考國外經驗採用適格保單機制,可防止人民濫用保險給付免稅措施,並可降低徵納雙方在稅收遵從合規成本。三、檢討修正保險法,明定死亡給付免稅額門檻,可做為長期努力規畫方向。明定死亡保險給付金額在一定數額範圍內者免稅,超過部分,應按遺產稅納稅。以避免人民藉由投保規避課稅及誘發道德風險。
In recent years, tax authorities have become more cautious regarding the taxation of insurance payouts, particularly in relation to the previous notion that death benefits should be entirely excluded from the taxable estate. To prevent taxpayers from using insurance policies to evade tax obligations, the tax authorities introduced eight specific patterns for insurance payouts in 2013. These patterns apply the principle of substantive taxation, requiring taxpayers to report and pay taxes on supplementary insurance policies. However, due to a lack of explicit definition and evaluation criteria, disputes between taxpayers and tax authorities continue to exist, leading to recurrent litigation problems.
This study aims to comprehensively explore the functions and nature of life insurance, the principles and fairness of tax laws, the taxation methods applied to life insurance payouts in major countries internationally, and the rationality of the Tax Administration`s application of the eight specific patterns. Special focus will be given to the issues surrounding the taxation of life insurance death benefits and inheritance taxes. The suitability and reasonableness of applying the principle of substantive taxation through administrative interpretations and the application of past taxation procedures will be examined. By conducting a comparative analysis of the Tax Administration`s eight specific patterns in 2013 and 2020, relevant comprehensive analysis will be conducted. Based on this analysis, specific proposed solutions will be presented, aiming to provide the regulatory authorities with guidance for future adjustments, reviews, and legislative amendments within the current operational framework.
This research proposes the following recommendations:
1.Promptly review and revise the eight major characteristic patterns and establish a "sunrise clause." Controversial patterns such as short-term insurance and intensive insurance should be removed. New interpretive guidelines should be issued, and they should only be applicable after a specific date.
2.Referring to foreign experiences, adopting a qualified life insurance policy mechanism can prevent people from abusing tax-exempt insurance benefits and reduce compliance costs for both taxpayers and the tax authority.
3.Review and amend the Insurance Act to set a threshold for tax-exempt death benefits. This can serve as a long-term planning direction. Specify that death insurance benefits within a certain range are tax-exempt, while the portion exceeding the threshold should be subject to inheritance tax. This helps prevent individuals from using insurance policies to evade taxes and avoids inducing moral hazards.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
110921003
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110921003
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃明聖zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Ming-Shengen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪秀青zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hung, Hsiu-Chingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 洪秀青zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hung, Hsiu-Chingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Aug-2023 14:17:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Aug-2023 14:17:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Aug-2023 14:17:42 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0110921003en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/146632-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 行政管理碩士學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 110921003zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 稅捐機關近年來在保險給付課稅,對於早期認為身故保險金可完全不計入遺產總額課稅基礎,漸趨保留態度。為防止納稅義務人利用保單規避稅負,在民國102年公布保險給付8大態樣,以實質課稅原則適用向納稅義務人補單課稅,但因未能明確說明其內涵與審核標準,致納稅義務人與稅捐機關間爭議仍存在,屢屢衍生興訟的問題。
本研究將從人身保險功能與內涵、租稅法律相關原則涵義與公平性、國際間主要國家對人身保險給付課稅方式、國內稅捐機關以8大態樣審核合理性等整體探討。特別是對人身保險死亡給付與遺贈稅爭點情形,就實質課稅原則以行政函釋溯及既往課稅程序適用之妥適性及合理性,歸納稅捐機關102年、109年8大態樣比對,進行相關綜整分析,據以研提相關具體解決方案,期能在現行機制作業下,提供主管機關日後調整檢討修正方向與未來修法之參考。
本研究建議:一、儘速檢討修正8大特徵態樣,訂出日出條款。刪除有爭議態樣如短期投保、密集投保後,再次發布新解釋函令,並於特定的日期後才適用。二、參考國外經驗採用適格保單機制,可防止人民濫用保險給付免稅措施,並可降低徵納雙方在稅收遵從合規成本。三、檢討修正保險法,明定死亡給付免稅額門檻,可做為長期努力規畫方向。明定死亡保險給付金額在一定數額範圍內者免稅,超過部分,應按遺產稅納稅。以避免人民藉由投保規避課稅及誘發道德風險。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In recent years, tax authorities have become more cautious regarding the taxation of insurance payouts, particularly in relation to the previous notion that death benefits should be entirely excluded from the taxable estate. To prevent taxpayers from using insurance policies to evade tax obligations, the tax authorities introduced eight specific patterns for insurance payouts in 2013. These patterns apply the principle of substantive taxation, requiring taxpayers to report and pay taxes on supplementary insurance policies. However, due to a lack of explicit definition and evaluation criteria, disputes between taxpayers and tax authorities continue to exist, leading to recurrent litigation problems.
This study aims to comprehensively explore the functions and nature of life insurance, the principles and fairness of tax laws, the taxation methods applied to life insurance payouts in major countries internationally, and the rationality of the Tax Administration`s application of the eight specific patterns. Special focus will be given to the issues surrounding the taxation of life insurance death benefits and inheritance taxes. The suitability and reasonableness of applying the principle of substantive taxation through administrative interpretations and the application of past taxation procedures will be examined. By conducting a comparative analysis of the Tax Administration`s eight specific patterns in 2013 and 2020, relevant comprehensive analysis will be conducted. Based on this analysis, specific proposed solutions will be presented, aiming to provide the regulatory authorities with guidance for future adjustments, reviews, and legislative amendments within the current operational framework.
This research proposes the following recommendations:
1.Promptly review and revise the eight major characteristic patterns and establish a "sunrise clause." Controversial patterns such as short-term insurance and intensive insurance should be removed. New interpretive guidelines should be issued, and they should only be applicable after a specific date.
2.Referring to foreign experiences, adopting a qualified life insurance policy mechanism can prevent people from abusing tax-exempt insurance benefits and reduce compliance costs for both taxpayers and the tax authority.
3.Review and amend the Insurance Act to set a threshold for tax-exempt death benefits. This can serve as a long-term planning direction. Specify that death insurance benefits within a certain range are tax-exempt, while the portion exceeding the threshold should be subject to inheritance tax. This helps prevent individuals from using insurance policies to evade taxes and avoids inducing moral hazards.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭 i
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目次 vii
圖次 viii
表次 ix
第一章 緒論 1
第1.1節 研究背景與動機 1
第1.2節 研究問題與目的 4
第二章 文獻回顧 7
第2.1節 人身保險之相關文獻 7
第2.2節 課稅之相關文獻 18
第2.3節 保險契約與租稅規劃之關係 27
第三章 研究設計 55
第3.1節 研究架構 55
第3.2節 研究方法 57
第四章 研究結果與發現 67
第4.1節 訪談概況 67
第4.2節 研究結果 68
第五章 結論與建議 87
第5.1節 研究結論與發現 87
第5.2節 研究建議 89
參考文獻 93
中文部分 93
英文部分 96
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 3950062 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110921003en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人身保險給付zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實質課稅原則zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 遺產稅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 租稅公平zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Life Insurance Paysen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Substantive Taxation Principleen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Inheritance Taxen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tax Fairnessen_US
dc.title (題名) 人身保險給付與實質課稅問題之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Study on Life Insurance Pays and Substantial Taxationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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