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題名 性別刻板印象與領導特質之後設分析
A Meta-Analysis of Gender Stereotype and Leader Traits作者 李思菁
Lee, Sze-Ching貢獻者 郭昭佑
Guo, Chao-Yu
李思菁
Lee, Sze-Ching關鍵詞 性別刻板印象
人際關係導向領導
工作導向領導
性別平等
領導特質
Gender stereotypes
Relationship-oriented leadership
Task-oriented leadership
Gender equality
Leadership traits日期 2023 上傳時間 1-Sep-2023 15:27:40 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究旨在了解性別刻板印象對領導的影響，並探討人際關係導向與工作導向領導特質的基本理念。現今社會女性領導人數比男性領導少，這個社會現象甚至不止出現在華人社會。造成這個現象的某部份原因是社會文化以及環境對女性領導有既定刻板印象看法，導致女性領導的領導能力方面普遍未被認同，讓女性領導比男性領導的晉升機會少，而過程較困難，所耗的時間亦較為漫長。就這個層面來說，我們應更重視女性領導所受到性別刻板印象的影響及所帶來的壓力。研究動機包括社會文化改變下的性別平等問題、女性領導者的刻板印象、領導理論的發展等。研究方法包括使用後設分析，探討各研究之影響力、權重及差異。研究目的包括探討性別與領導特質的差異、人際關係導向與工作導向領導特質的基本理念，以及消除刻板印象威脅之方法。在本次的研究中，找到了六篇相關的文獻。研究結果並沒有指出在性別上男性或女性在領導層面上比較優秀，也沒有證據顯示在整體領導表現上有任何明顯的分別。女性領導在「人際關係導向領導特質」中的表現比男性領導更為突出，表示女性領導的確比男性領導更重視人事；而研究假設男性領導在「工作導向領導特質」方面較女性領導更為優勝，統計結果並無顯著差異，表示性別在工作導向領導沒有明顯差異。研究結果可對教育領域中的領導者性別平等問題與領導特質的發展提供參考。
The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of gender stereotypes on leadership and to explore the basic concepts of relationship-oriented and task-oriented leadership traits. Today, there are fewer female leaders than male leaders, and this phenomenon is not limited to Chinese society. One reason for this is the established stereotypes of female leadership in social and cultural environments, which have led to a lack of recognition of women`s leadership abilities, resulting in fewer opportunities for female leaders to advance, a more difficult process, and a longer time spent. In this regard, we should pay more attention to the impact of gender stereotypes on female leadership and the pressure they face. The motivation for this research includes issues of gender equality in the context of social and cultural change, stereotypes of female leaders, and the development of leadership theory.The research method includes meta-analysis to investigate the influence, weight, and differences among various studies. The research objectives include exploring gender differences in leadership traits, the basic concepts of relationship-oriented and task-oriented leadership traits, and methods to eliminate the threat of stereotypes. In this study, six relevant documents were found. The research results did not indicate that males or females are superior in leadership, nor did they provide evidence of any significant differences in overall leadership performance. Female leaders perform better in "relationship-oriented leadership traits" than male leaders, indicating that female leaders do indeed place more emphasis on personnel. The hypothesis that male leaders are better than female leaders in "task-oriented leadership traits" did not show a significant difference in statistical results, indicating that gender does not have a significant difference in task-oriented leadership. 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國立政治大學
教育行政與政策研究所
109171015資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109171015 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郭昭佑 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Guo, Chao-Yu en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李思菁 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lee, Sze-Ching en_US dc.creator (作者) 李思菁 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lee, Sze-Ching en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2023 15:27:40 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Sep-2023 15:27:40 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2023 15:27:40 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0109171015 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147045 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 教育行政與政策研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109171015 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究旨在了解性別刻板印象對領導的影響，並探討人際關係導向與工作導向領導特質的基本理念。現今社會女性領導人數比男性領導少，這個社會現象甚至不止出現在華人社會。造成這個現象的某部份原因是社會文化以及環境對女性領導有既定刻板印象看法，導致女性領導的領導能力方面普遍未被認同，讓女性領導比男性領導的晉升機會少，而過程較困難，所耗的時間亦較為漫長。就這個層面來說，我們應更重視女性領導所受到性別刻板印象的影響及所帶來的壓力。研究動機包括社會文化改變下的性別平等問題、女性領導者的刻板印象、領導理論的發展等。研究方法包括使用後設分析，探討各研究之影響力、權重及差異。研究目的包括探討性別與領導特質的差異、人際關係導向與工作導向領導特質的基本理念，以及消除刻板印象威脅之方法。在本次的研究中，找到了六篇相關的文獻。研究結果並沒有指出在性別上男性或女性在領導層面上比較優秀，也沒有證據顯示在整體領導表現上有任何明顯的分別。女性領導在「人際關係導向領導特質」中的表現比男性領導更為突出，表示女性領導的確比男性領導更重視人事；而研究假設男性領導在「工作導向領導特質」方面較女性領導更為優勝，統計結果並無顯著差異，表示性別在工作導向領導沒有明顯差異。研究結果可對教育領域中的領導者性別平等問題與領導特質的發展提供參考。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of gender stereotypes on leadership and to explore the basic concepts of relationship-oriented and task-oriented leadership traits. Today, there are fewer female leaders than male leaders, and this phenomenon is not limited to Chinese society. One reason for this is the established stereotypes of female leadership in social and cultural environments, which have led to a lack of recognition of women`s leadership abilities, resulting in fewer opportunities for female leaders to advance, a more difficult process, and a longer time spent. In this regard, we should pay more attention to the impact of gender stereotypes on female leadership and the pressure they face. The motivation for this research includes issues of gender equality in the context of social and cultural change, stereotypes of female leaders, and the development of leadership theory.The research method includes meta-analysis to investigate the influence, weight, and differences among various studies. The research objectives include exploring gender differences in leadership traits, the basic concepts of relationship-oriented and task-oriented leadership traits, and methods to eliminate the threat of stereotypes. In this study, six relevant documents were found. The research results did not indicate that males or females are superior in leadership, nor did they provide evidence of any significant differences in overall leadership performance. Female leaders perform better in "relationship-oriented leadership traits" than male leaders, indicating that female leaders do indeed place more emphasis on personnel. The hypothesis that male leaders are better than female leaders in "task-oriented leadership traits" did not show a significant difference in statistical results, indicating that gender does not have a significant difference in task-oriented leadership. The results of this study can provide valuable insights for addressing gender equality issues and developing leadership traits in the education field. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要…………………………………………………………… iAbstract…………………………………………………………… ii目錄…………………………………………………………… iv表目錄………………………………………………………… vi圖目錄………………………………………………………… vii第一章 緒論……………………………………………… 1第一節 研究動機……………………………………… 1第二節 研究目的與待答問題………………………… 3第三節 名詞釋義……………………………………… 4第四節 研究流程……………………………………… 7第五節 研究範圍與限制……………………………… 9第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………… 11第一節 性別刻板印象……………………………… 11第二節 領導特質與相關研究………………………… 40第三節 後設分析方法……………………………… 45第三章 研究設計與實施…………………………………… 56第一節 研究架構…………………………………… 56第二節 研究假設…………………………………… 57第三節 文獻蒐集與篩選…………………………… 57第四節 資料處理…………………………………… 59第四章 研究結果與討論…………………………………… 61第一節 研究文獻樣本基本分析…………………… 61第二節 性別與人際關係導向領導特質之差異分析… 62第三節 性別與工作導向領導特質之差異分析……… 68第五章 結論與建議……………………………………… 74第一節 研究結論……………………………………… 74第二節 研究建議……………………………………… 78參考文獻……………………………………………………… 80 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2623531 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109171015 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 性別刻板印象 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人際關係導向領導 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作導向領導 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 性別平等 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 領導特質 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Gender stereotypes en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Relationship-oriented leadership en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Task-oriented leadership en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Gender equality en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Leadership traits en_US dc.title (題名) 性別刻板印象與領導特質之後設分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Meta-Analysis of Gender Stereotype and Leader Traits en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 加註*號者為納入後設分析之文獻中文部份朱貽莊（1998）。低年級單親兒童性別角色之差異及其相關影響因素之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。靜宜大學。朱經明（2007）。教育及心理統計學。臺北市：五南。何青蓉（1986）。國中生知覺的父母教養態度、性別角色與其個人性別角色的關係（未出版之博士論文）。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所。李美枝（1981）。性別特質問卷的編製及男女大學生四種性別特質在成尌動機、婚姻、事業及性態度上的比較。中華心理學刊，23，23-27。李美枝、鐘秋玉（1996）。性別與性別角色析論。本土心理學研究，6， 260-299 。http://doi.10.6254/1996.6.260林邦傑（1981）。性別角色與自我防衛、生活適應、認知能力的關係。中華心理學刊 ，23 (2)，107-129。林芳玫、張晉芬（1999）。性別。載於王振寰、瞿海源（主編），社會學與臺灣社會（頁199-238）。巨流圖書。*林姿葶、鄭伯壎（2007）。性別與領導角色孰先孰後？主管－部屬性別配對、共事時間及家長式領導。中華心理學刊，49，4。林鶴玲（2002）。新聞報導中的男性形象。載於謝臥龍（主編），性別：解讀與跨越（頁159-171）。五南。https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/430458周育瑩（2004）。刻板印象威脅對於女性領導表現之影響。國立政治大學心理學研究所碩士論文。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/zc594j周曉虹（譯）（1995）。社會學習理論（原作者：Albert Bandura）。桂冠。晏涵文（2003）。兩性關係與性教育。空中大學。陸偉明（2011）。性別教育與生活。雙葉書廊。陳皎眉（1999）。性別角色。江漢聲、晏涵文編，性教育，61-82。性林文化。陳皎眉、胡悅倫、周育瑩（2009）。男性與女性的該與不該、可有與可無，教育與心理研究，32（3），1-24。陳皎眉、孫旻暐（1996）。教育時論—從性別刻板印象威脅談學業表現上的性別差異。教育研究月刊，147，19-30。秦夢群（2021）。教育行政理論與模式（四版）。五南。婦女新知（1988）。兩性平等教育手冊。婦女新知基金會。黃文三（1994）。青少年性別角色發展及其相關因素研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立高雄師範大學。黃文三（1998）。近三十年來我國青少年性別角色研究的回顧與分析。教育學刊，14，231-274。國立高雄師範大學教育學系。黃昆輝（1988）。教育行政學。東華書局。張欣戊（1990）。性別角色的形成。載於賴保禎（主編），發展心理學（ 頁205-231 ）。 國立空中大學。張春興（1989）。張氏心理學辭典。東華。張春興（1991）。現代心理學。東華。詹志禹 (1988)。後設分析：量化的文獻探討法。思與言，26 （4）。劉秀娟、林明寬譯（1996）。兩性關係—性別刻板化與角色。楊智文化。劉秀娟（2003）。兩性教育。揚智。劉泗翰（譯）（2004）。性／別：多元時代的性別角力（原作者：R. 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