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題名 俄中北極戰略之比較研究
A Comparative Study on Russia’s and China’s Arctic Strategies作者 郭大維
Kuo, Ta-Wei貢獻者 林永芳
Lin, Yung-Fang
郭大維
Kuo, Ta-Wei關鍵詞 北極
北極戰略
俄羅斯
中國
地緣政治理論
Arctic
Arctic Strategy
Russia
China
Geopolitical theory日期 2023 上傳時間 1-Sep-2023 16:35:55 (UTC+8) 摘要 隨著溫室效應的加劇,世界正在迎接著前所未有的新氣候。隨著北極海冰的逐年消融,意味著北冰洋將可能在2040至2060年間完全通航,其連帶顯露出的巨大地緣政治價值自然是國家行為者難以忽視的新現實。千禧年後,各國逐漸意識到北極巨大的地緣政治驅動力,不僅北極國家大力地開發北極,非北極國家也試圖參與北極事務,使得北極議題與北極事務的政治重要性逐漸上升。本文之目的,是以地緣政治理論為出發點,深入比較俄羅斯聯邦與中華人民共和國北極戰略的異同。俄羅斯與中國,作為北極與非北極國家,分別頒布了一系列的國家北極政策,並積極地開展實際的北極戰略作為。俄羅斯作為最大的北極國家,在北極坐有得天獨厚的地緣優勢。在2020年發布的《俄羅斯聯邦2035年前及長期遠景的國家北極政策基礎》中,俄方將開發北極資源與維護國家安全列為北極事務中的最優先目標,而俄烏戰爭的發生,卻嚴重影響了俄羅斯的北極戰略,更是促使其重新思考北極戰略走向的一大變因。中國方面,作為最有力的非北極國家之一,在2018年公布的《中國北極政策白皮書中》中,首次將自己定義為「近北極國家」,並強調中國是北極的「重要利益攸關方」,並將以「不越位,不缺位」的態度參與北極事務,復又加深了北極政治的複雜性。俄中同為執國際事務牛耳的大國,在北極的互動淵遠流長,而俄中的北極戰略,更是牽動北極地緣政治走向的影響因子。然而,同受於北極地緣政治驅動力的俄羅斯與中國,卻產生了相異的北極地緣政治觀,而俄中的北極戰略,也進而呈現出相異的戰略目標與地緣政治上的意涵。隨著北極議題的矚目度逐年上升,不僅政策制定者積極尋求北極地緣政治上的機遇,研究者也相當關切北極的國際關係互動與地緣政治走向。
As the intensification of the greenhouse effect continues, the world is facing unprecedented new climates. With the annual melting of Arctic Sea ice, it implies that the Arctic Ocean could become fully navigable between 2040 and 2060, revealing a significant geopolitical value that national actors cannot ignore. After the millennium, countries gradually realized the immense geopolitical impetus of the Arctic. Not only are Arctic nations vigorously developing the region, but non-Arctic countries are also attempting to participate in Arctic affairs, gradually elevating the political significance of Arctic issues and affairs.The purpose of this article is to use geopolitics theory as a starting point to deeply compare the similarities and differences in the Arctic strategies of the Russian Federation and the People`s Republic of China. Russia and China, as Arctic and non-Arctic countries respectively, have each issued a series of national Arctic policies and are actively pursuing practical Arctic strategies. Russia, being the largest Arctic country, holds unique geographical advantages in the region. In its 2020 “Basic Principles of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the Period up to 2035 and Beyond,” Russia prioritizes the development of Arctic resources and the protection of national security in Arctic affairs. However, the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war has significantly impacted Russia`s Arctic strategy, prompting a major reconsideration of its direction. On Chinese side, as one of the most influential non-Arctic countries, China defined itself as a “Near-Arctic State” for the first time in its 2018 “China`s Arctic Policy White Paper.” China emphasizes its status as an “important stakeholder” in the Arctic and commits to participating in Arctic affairs with a “not to interfere, not to absent” attitude, further complicating Arctic geopolitics.Both Russia and China are major global players in international affairs, and their interactions in the Arctic have a long history. Their Arctic strategies also play a role in influencing the geopolitical direction of the region. However, despite being driven by Arctic geopolitical forces, Russia and China have developed distinct geopolitical perspectives on the Arctic, leading to divergent strategic goals and implications. 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國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
110263008資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110263008 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 林永芳 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Yung-Fang en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 郭大維 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Kuo, Ta-Wei en_US dc.creator (作者) 郭大維 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kuo, Ta-Wei en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2023 16:35:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Sep-2023 16:35:55 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2023 16:35:55 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0110263008 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147328 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 俄羅斯研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 110263008 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著溫室效應的加劇,世界正在迎接著前所未有的新氣候。隨著北極海冰的逐年消融,意味著北冰洋將可能在2040至2060年間完全通航,其連帶顯露出的巨大地緣政治價值自然是國家行為者難以忽視的新現實。千禧年後,各國逐漸意識到北極巨大的地緣政治驅動力,不僅北極國家大力地開發北極,非北極國家也試圖參與北極事務,使得北極議題與北極事務的政治重要性逐漸上升。本文之目的,是以地緣政治理論為出發點,深入比較俄羅斯聯邦與中華人民共和國北極戰略的異同。俄羅斯與中國,作為北極與非北極國家,分別頒布了一系列的國家北極政策,並積極地開展實際的北極戰略作為。俄羅斯作為最大的北極國家,在北極坐有得天獨厚的地緣優勢。在2020年發布的《俄羅斯聯邦2035年前及長期遠景的國家北極政策基礎》中,俄方將開發北極資源與維護國家安全列為北極事務中的最優先目標,而俄烏戰爭的發生,卻嚴重影響了俄羅斯的北極戰略,更是促使其重新思考北極戰略走向的一大變因。中國方面,作為最有力的非北極國家之一,在2018年公布的《中國北極政策白皮書中》中,首次將自己定義為「近北極國家」,並強調中國是北極的「重要利益攸關方」,並將以「不越位,不缺位」的態度參與北極事務,復又加深了北極政治的複雜性。俄中同為執國際事務牛耳的大國,在北極的互動淵遠流長,而俄中的北極戰略,更是牽動北極地緣政治走向的影響因子。然而,同受於北極地緣政治驅動力的俄羅斯與中國,卻產生了相異的北極地緣政治觀,而俄中的北極戰略,也進而呈現出相異的戰略目標與地緣政治上的意涵。隨著北極議題的矚目度逐年上升,不僅政策制定者積極尋求北極地緣政治上的機遇,研究者也相當關切北極的國際關係互動與地緣政治走向。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) As the intensification of the greenhouse effect continues, the world is facing unprecedented new climates. With the annual melting of Arctic Sea ice, it implies that the Arctic Ocean could become fully navigable between 2040 and 2060, revealing a significant geopolitical value that national actors cannot ignore. After the millennium, countries gradually realized the immense geopolitical impetus of the Arctic. Not only are Arctic nations vigorously developing the region, but non-Arctic countries are also attempting to participate in Arctic affairs, gradually elevating the political significance of Arctic issues and affairs.The purpose of this article is to use geopolitics theory as a starting point to deeply compare the similarities and differences in the Arctic strategies of the Russian Federation and the People`s Republic of China. Russia and China, as Arctic and non-Arctic countries respectively, have each issued a series of national Arctic policies and are actively pursuing practical Arctic strategies. Russia, being the largest Arctic country, holds unique geographical advantages in the region. In its 2020 “Basic Principles of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the Period up to 2035 and Beyond,” Russia prioritizes the development of Arctic resources and the protection of national security in Arctic affairs. However, the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war has significantly impacted Russia`s Arctic strategy, prompting a major reconsideration of its direction. On Chinese side, as one of the most influential non-Arctic countries, China defined itself as a “Near-Arctic State” for the first time in its 2018 “China`s Arctic Policy White Paper.” China emphasizes its status as an “important stakeholder” in the Arctic and commits to participating in Arctic affairs with a “not to interfere, not to absent” attitude, further complicating Arctic geopolitics.Both Russia and China are major global players in international affairs, and their interactions in the Arctic have a long history. Their Arctic strategies also play a role in influencing the geopolitical direction of the region. However, despite being driven by Arctic geopolitical forces, Russia and China have developed distinct geopolitical perspectives on the Arctic, leading to divergent strategic goals and implications. As the attention on Arctic issues continues to rise, not only policymakers are actively seeking geopolitical opportunities, but researchers are also highly concerned about international interactions and geopolitical trends in the Arctic. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機與目的 1一、 研究動機 1二、 研究目的 4第二節 文獻檢閱 5一、 北極地緣政治 5二、 俄羅斯的北極戰略 7三、 中國的北極戰略 11第三節 研究途徑與方法 16一、 研究途徑 16二、 研究方法 23第四節 研究範圍與限制 25一、 研究範圍 25二、 研究限制 26第五節 章節安排 27第二章 俄羅斯的北極戰略 28第一節 安全層面 29一、 俄羅斯的安全威脅認知 31二、 俄羅斯北極安全學說與法律條文 34三、 俄羅斯北極軍事能力與部署 38第二節 能源層面 43一、 俄羅斯北極能源戰略的現況與挑戰 46二、 俄羅斯北極能源戰略的發展與修正 49第三節 科學研究層面 54一、 俄羅斯北極科學研究的現況與挑戰 56二、 俄羅斯北極科學研究下的生態與環境保護 64三、 俄羅斯北極科學與環境保護戰略官方文件 67第四節 小結 72第三章 中國的北極戰略 73第一節 安全層面 76一、 中國的安全威脅認知77二、 中國北極安全學說與法律條文 81三、 中國北極軍事能力 87第二節 能源層面 90一、 中國北極能源戰略的現況與挑戰 92二、 中國北極能源戰略的發展與修正 98第三節 科學研究層面 101一、 中國北極科學研究的現況與挑戰 103二、 中國北極科研與環保戰略的發展與修正 108第四節 小結 112第四章 俄羅斯與中國的北極戰略比較 113第一節 安全層面 113一、 地緣政治驅動力 113二、 戰略文件 115三、 戰略優先事項 117第二節 能源層面 118一、 地緣政治驅動力118二、 戰略文件 121三、 戰略優先事項 123第三節 科學研究層面 123一、 地緣政治驅動力 124二、 戰略文件 126三、 戰略優先事項 127第四節 小結 129第五章 結論 131第一節 研究發現 131第二節 後續研究建議 134參考文獻 136中文部分 136英文部分 141俄文部分 148 zh_TW dc.format.extent 5019864 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110263008 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 北極 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 北極戰略 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地緣政治理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arctic en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arctic Strategy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russia en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) China en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Geopolitical theory en_US dc.title (題名) 俄中北極戰略之比較研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Comparative Study on Russia’s and China’s Arctic Strategies en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分專書朱柔若譯,Lawrence R. 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