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題名 ⻘少年視障者網路社交之愉悅感及中介機制研究
Visually Impaired Youth’s Enjoyment and the Mediator of Social Communication
作者 趙希婧
貢獻者 黃葳威
趙希婧
關鍵詞 青少年視障者
網路社交
期望價值
內在需求之滿足
愉悅感
日期 2023
上傳時間 1-Sep-2023 16:37:51 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究關注視障者的社交媒體使用情形,尤其是他們在網路社交中所產生的愉悅體驗及內在機制。研究者以中國大陸青少年視障者的微信使用為例,試圖了解他們使用微信之動機原因,以及藉由微信進行網路社交所獲得的愉悅感,探究形成愉悅感的中介機制,以此回應新技術可否賦予視障人士更多媒介之權力。研究者採混合研究方法,以量化與質化結合方式,主要回答兩個問題:
第一,青少年視障者為何使用微信、怎樣使用微信?第二,青少年視障者從微信使用中獲得了怎樣的體驗?促成這般體驗的心理機制為何?
研究發現,首先,關於青少年視障者使用微信之原因動機,在問卷調查部分,研究者引入期望理論,發現「期望價值」之「期望」、「向度」、「工具」三個面向與受訪者之微信使用程度具有正向關聯,其中又以「期望」的正向預測力最強。也就是說,量化研究顯示,如果青少年視障者越喜歡微信、越覺得微信對學習生活有實際幫助,尤其是越覺得微信好學、易用,越會更多頻次的使用微信。
質化研究的結論與此基本相符,只是,在訪談中,受訪者更加強調——「對學習生活有所助力」是青少年視障者使用微信的首要原因,而非問卷調查所顯示的「好學、易用」為首因。「工具」面向為主的使用動機也使得青少年視障者少有微信「上癮」情形。同时,訪談還發現,儘管媒介之霸權在網路世界依然存在,但青少年視障者已經能夠在微信上感受到社交媒體對障礙人士的友好與便利,甚至相比於弱視者,全盲者藉由「讀屏軟體」反而可以更順暢的使用微信,從而解答了量化研究之迷思——為何「視障障礙越大,微信的使用頻率越高」。此外,受訪者還認為,微信之網路社交對於視障者而言亦是一種「賦權」,得以減少「看不見」在媒介實踐中的偏見,甚至能夠在媒介世界中變得如非障礙者一樣。
第二,關於青少年視障者使用微信之心理體驗。在問卷調查中,研究者引入自我決定理論,發現青少年視障者之微信使用行為,與使用微信參與網路社交所產生的自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項「內在需求之滿足」具有正向關聯,與所獲得之愉悅感具有正向關聯,而且,青少年視障者的微信使用行為會透過三項「內在需求之滿足」的中介效果影響愉悅感。也就是說,對於青少年視障者而言,他們越是使用微信,越能從中感受到自主決定、戰勝挑戰、與他人產生聯結之滿足,也越會在網路社交中獲得愉悅體驗。之所以產生愉悅感,其內在機制則是因為滿足了自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項內在需求,但聯結感的中介效應較弱。
深度訪談亦對上述結論予以支持,並延伸闡釋了在青少年視障者微信使用的情境下,自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項「內在需求之滿足」的別樣意涵。與健常人有所不同,在微信中,視障者的自主感源自於他們可以自主完成微信使用的全過程,更重要的是,不用與社交對象「面對面」,可以將視障身份暫時隱藏在手機熒幕之後,自主選擇是否暴露視障身份;而視障者在微信世界的勝任感,不僅源自自己勝任了傳播科技所產生的滿足,也來自於健常人的「讚歎」——認為視障人士使用微信是一件了不起的事情;最後,視障者在微信世界的聯結感,更多是與親朋好友所產生的「強連結」,同時,微信所特有的「朋友圈」功能也是聯結感產生之管道。在訪談中,青少年視障者也對愉悅感進行了更為詳盡的意涵分析,指出所謂「愉悅」並非是簡單的「高興」、「開心」,而是一種滿足的心理狀態,如對自由自在的滿足、對挑戰成功的滿足、對互相聯結的滿足等。只是在談及聯結感之滿足中介下的愉悅感時,部分受訪者表示,由於視障者使用微信更傾向於完成必須之事,這使得他們的聯結感之滿足更多意味著方便聯絡進而解決問題,這種「工具」面向的滿足可否被定義為「愉悅」,還值得商榷,與問卷調查之結論——聯結感對於微信使用產生愉悅感的中介效應最弱保持了一致。
綜上所述,在以微信為載具的網路社交中,青少年視障者使用微信的原因是喜歡微信,而且好學、易用——全盲者藉由「讀屏軟體」也可以順暢使用微信,更重要的是微信對視障者之學習生活有所幫助,此外視障用戶也期待藉由微信享有與健常人一樣的平等的媒介權力;同時,使用微信也可以給他們帶來自主感、勝任感、聯結感的「內在需求之滿足」,在此中介之下獲得愉悅體驗,而在進一步的訪談中,青少年視障者對聯結感的中介作用則有不同意見。
由此可見,新傳播科技之發展,確有助力「訊息無障礙」、賦予視障者更多使用媒介之能力,帶給視障者更多與人、與社會溝通交流之機會,讓他們從中感受到諸多需求之滿足,因此而獲得愉悅。未來,本研究也將進一步關注視障者之新媒介使用議題,並將諸如「讀屏軟體」等支持性科技的研究與實踐拓展應用到銀髮族等更多元的社會族群,更深入觸及無障礙訊息傳播相關領域。
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
傳播學院博士班
103463508
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103463508
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃葳威zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 趙希婧zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 趙希婧zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2023 16:37:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Sep-2023 16:37:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2023 16:37:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103463508en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147334-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 傳播學院博士班zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103463508zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究關注視障者的社交媒體使用情形,尤其是他們在網路社交中所產生的愉悅體驗及內在機制。研究者以中國大陸青少年視障者的微信使用為例,試圖了解他們使用微信之動機原因,以及藉由微信進行網路社交所獲得的愉悅感,探究形成愉悅感的中介機制,以此回應新技術可否賦予視障人士更多媒介之權力。研究者採混合研究方法,以量化與質化結合方式,主要回答兩個問題:
第一,青少年視障者為何使用微信、怎樣使用微信?第二,青少年視障者從微信使用中獲得了怎樣的體驗?促成這般體驗的心理機制為何?
研究發現,首先,關於青少年視障者使用微信之原因動機,在問卷調查部分,研究者引入期望理論,發現「期望價值」之「期望」、「向度」、「工具」三個面向與受訪者之微信使用程度具有正向關聯,其中又以「期望」的正向預測力最強。也就是說,量化研究顯示,如果青少年視障者越喜歡微信、越覺得微信對學習生活有實際幫助,尤其是越覺得微信好學、易用,越會更多頻次的使用微信。
質化研究的結論與此基本相符,只是,在訪談中,受訪者更加強調——「對學習生活有所助力」是青少年視障者使用微信的首要原因,而非問卷調查所顯示的「好學、易用」為首因。「工具」面向為主的使用動機也使得青少年視障者少有微信「上癮」情形。同时,訪談還發現,儘管媒介之霸權在網路世界依然存在,但青少年視障者已經能夠在微信上感受到社交媒體對障礙人士的友好與便利,甚至相比於弱視者,全盲者藉由「讀屏軟體」反而可以更順暢的使用微信,從而解答了量化研究之迷思——為何「視障障礙越大,微信的使用頻率越高」。此外,受訪者還認為,微信之網路社交對於視障者而言亦是一種「賦權」,得以減少「看不見」在媒介實踐中的偏見,甚至能夠在媒介世界中變得如非障礙者一樣。
第二,關於青少年視障者使用微信之心理體驗。在問卷調查中,研究者引入自我決定理論,發現青少年視障者之微信使用行為,與使用微信參與網路社交所產生的自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項「內在需求之滿足」具有正向關聯,與所獲得之愉悅感具有正向關聯,而且,青少年視障者的微信使用行為會透過三項「內在需求之滿足」的中介效果影響愉悅感。也就是說,對於青少年視障者而言,他們越是使用微信,越能從中感受到自主決定、戰勝挑戰、與他人產生聯結之滿足,也越會在網路社交中獲得愉悅體驗。之所以產生愉悅感,其內在機制則是因為滿足了自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項內在需求,但聯結感的中介效應較弱。
深度訪談亦對上述結論予以支持,並延伸闡釋了在青少年視障者微信使用的情境下,自主感、勝任感、聯結感三項「內在需求之滿足」的別樣意涵。與健常人有所不同,在微信中,視障者的自主感源自於他們可以自主完成微信使用的全過程,更重要的是,不用與社交對象「面對面」,可以將視障身份暫時隱藏在手機熒幕之後,自主選擇是否暴露視障身份;而視障者在微信世界的勝任感,不僅源自自己勝任了傳播科技所產生的滿足,也來自於健常人的「讚歎」——認為視障人士使用微信是一件了不起的事情;最後,視障者在微信世界的聯結感,更多是與親朋好友所產生的「強連結」,同時,微信所特有的「朋友圈」功能也是聯結感產生之管道。在訪談中,青少年視障者也對愉悅感進行了更為詳盡的意涵分析,指出所謂「愉悅」並非是簡單的「高興」、「開心」,而是一種滿足的心理狀態,如對自由自在的滿足、對挑戰成功的滿足、對互相聯結的滿足等。只是在談及聯結感之滿足中介下的愉悅感時,部分受訪者表示,由於視障者使用微信更傾向於完成必須之事,這使得他們的聯結感之滿足更多意味著方便聯絡進而解決問題,這種「工具」面向的滿足可否被定義為「愉悅」,還值得商榷,與問卷調查之結論——聯結感對於微信使用產生愉悅感的中介效應最弱保持了一致。
綜上所述,在以微信為載具的網路社交中,青少年視障者使用微信的原因是喜歡微信,而且好學、易用——全盲者藉由「讀屏軟體」也可以順暢使用微信,更重要的是微信對視障者之學習生活有所幫助,此外視障用戶也期待藉由微信享有與健常人一樣的平等的媒介權力;同時,使用微信也可以給他們帶來自主感、勝任感、聯結感的「內在需求之滿足」,在此中介之下獲得愉悅體驗,而在進一步的訪談中,青少年視障者對聯結感的中介作用則有不同意見。
由此可見,新傳播科技之發展,確有助力「訊息無障礙」、賦予視障者更多使用媒介之能力,帶給視障者更多與人、與社會溝通交流之機會,讓他們從中感受到諸多需求之滿足,因此而獲得愉悅。未來,本研究也將進一步關注視障者之新媒介使用議題,並將諸如「讀屏軟體」等支持性科技的研究與實踐拓展應用到銀髮族等更多元的社會族群,更深入觸及無障礙訊息傳播相關領域。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與意義 1
第二節 研究動機與問題 4
第三節 研究範圍與名詞釋義 12
第四節 本章小結 15
第二章 文獻探討 17
第一節 期望理論 17
第二節 自我決定理論 25
第三節 社交媒體及相關研究 34
第四節 本章小結 41
第三章 研究方法 44
第一節 研究流程 44
第二節 研究架構 47
第三節 問卷調查 49
第四節 深度訪談 60
第五節 本章小結 64
第四章 問卷調查資料分析 65
第一節 問卷回收基本情況 65
第二節 假設檢驗 72
第三節 本章小結 97
第五章 深度訪談資料分析 100
第一節 視力障礙與微信使用:越有「障礙」越會使用 100
第二節 青少年視障者為何使用微信:好用、有用、訊息平權為主因 107
第三節 網路社交之愉悅體驗:來自自主、勝任、聯結的滿足感 115
第四節 本章小結 130
第六章 結論 133
第一節 研究發現與意涵 134
第二節 研究限制與建議 140
參考文獻 144
附錄:研究問卷 156
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 13181507 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103463508en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 青少年視障者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網路社交zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 期望價值zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內在需求之滿足zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 愉悅感zh_TW
dc.title (題名) ⻘少年視障者網路社交之愉悅感及中介機制研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Visually Impaired Youth’s Enjoyment and the Mediator of Social Communicationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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