學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

  • No doi shows Citation Infomation
題名 內容創作者會不會被生成式人工智慧取代?
Will Generative AIs replace content creator jobs?
作者 張曼娜
Techalertkamol, Mananya
貢獻者 卞中佩
Pien, Chung-Pei
張曼娜
Mananya Techalertkamol
關鍵詞 內部內容創作者
生成式人工智能的影響
美國
職位廣告分析
職業發展
In-house content creator
Impact of Generative AIs
United States
Job ads analysis
career development
日期 2023
上傳時間 2-Jan-2024 15:32:26 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究 “內容創作者是否被生成式人工智慧取代?” 旨在深入了解當前內部內容創作者就業市場以及生成式人工智慧發展帶來的機會和挑戰。本研究對一千多條內容創作者的招聘廣告進行了文字分析,以提取內容創作者的任務、所需技能和其他就業要求。隨後,本研究根據任務特徵和Gen-AI工具的能力製定了一個評估框架,對Gen-AI的影響進行分類和評估。 根據每項任務的評估,本研究發現生成式人工智能(Gen-AI)工具能改善內容創作者之任務至少50%以上並將其任務約20%自動化。初階職務的內容創作者最有可能受Gen-AI的影響,因為他們的工作與內容創作有關,而這正是Gen-AI的強項。此外,Gen-AI之應用也十分廣泛。這些工具也可以部分地支援策略規劃、研究與發展、行銷及市場銷售以及工作流程優化等各項工作。因此,身負多種職責的資深內容創作者可能會更頻繁接觸到Gen-AI工具。 總體而言,由於許多任務仍需要人工介入以確保其能被有效執行,Gen-AI尚無法直接取代內容創作者的職位。然而Gen-AI工具被預測將成為日常工作中不可或缺的一部分,因其有助於提升生產力、減少成本並提高組織競爭力。在面臨快速職務轉變的情況下,內容創作者應該把握此機會,提升與執行策略性任務所需之技能。此外,主動學習並有效地整合Gen-AI工具和其他先進科技,將其應用在工作中,這將有助於內容創作者在科技快速發展的情況下在勞動市場中保有競爭力。
The project “Will Generative AIs replace content creator jobs?” aims to provide insights into the current in-house content creator job market as well as opportunities and challenges caused by the development of Generative AIs. The project conducted text analysis on over a thousand content creator's job advertisements to extract content creators’ tasks, required skills, and other employment requirements. Subsequently, the project developed a rubric to classify and evaluate impact of Gen-AI, based on task characteristics and Gen-AI tools’ capability. From task-based evaluation, the project found that Gen-AI tools can enhance over half and automate about 20% of a content creator’s tasks. Entry-level content creators will be affected by Gen-AI the most as their works are related to content production, which is Gen-AI’s strength. Furthermore, the application of Gen-AI is very diverse. The tools can also partially support strategy planning, research and development, marketing and sales, and workflow optimization. Thus, higher-level content creators, who respond to a broader range of responsibilities, are likely to engage more with Gen-AI tools. In summary, Gen-AI cannot directly replace content creator jobs since most tasks still need human intervention to be completed effectively. However, the Gen-AI tool is forecasted to become part of daily work because it can increase productivity, reduce costs, and improve organizational competitiveness. Given the context of rapid work role transformation, content creators should take this opportunity to advance the required skills for strategic tasks. In addition, proactively learning and effectively integrating Gen-AI tools and other advanced technologies into work will help content creators stay competitive in the labor market in the rapidly evolving technology context.
參考文獻 Accenture. (2023). A new era of generative AI for everyone. https://www.accenture.com/content/dam/accenture/final/accenture-com/document/Accenture-A-New-Era-of-Generative-AI-for-Everyone.pdf. Adams, M. B. & Lee, N. M. (2021). Analytics in PR Education: Desired Skills for Digital Communicators. Journal of Public Relations Education, Vol.7(2), 44-76. https://aejmc.us/jpre/2021/09/10/analytics-in-pr-education-desired-skills-for-digital-communicators/ Adobe. (2022, August 25). Adobe “Future of Creativity” Study: 165M+ Creators Joined Creator Economy Since 2020. https://news.adobe.com/news/news-details/2022/Adobe-Future-of-Creativity-Study-165M-Creators-Joined-Creator-Economy-Since-2020/. Agrawal, K. P. (2023). Towards Adoption of Generative AI in Organizational Settings. Journal of Computer Information Systems. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2023.2240744. Aha! Labs. (2023). What are the most common marketing job titles?. https://www.aha.io/roadmapping/guide/marketing/marketing-job-titles Ahadi, A., Kitto, K., Rizoiu, M. A. & Musial, K. (2022). Skills Taught vs Skills Sought: Using Skills Analytics to Identify the Gaps between Curriculum and Job Markets. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 538–542. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6853121 Allthingai. (2023). A Curated Directory of AI Tools. https://allthingsai.com/. Anders, G. (2022, July 21). ‘Making it go viral’ is now a career, as creator jobs boom in these 10 fields. LinkedIn Workforce Insights. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/making-go-viral-now-career-creator-jobs-boom-10-fields-george-anders/. Antler. (2023). List of Generative Artificial Intelligence tools and platforms. https://airtable.com/shrBeWpMlxf3e14E8/tblS4TkbJbm0cqT0o. Arntz, M., Gregory, T. & Zierahn, U. (2016). The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis. OECD. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/ 5jlz9h56dvq7-en.pdf?expires=1689987452&id=id&accname= guest&checksum= C24D72DA03B0C3F4D6ABE1B4A0F8C48A Base10. (2023). Generative AI. https://base10.vc/research/generative-ai. Baidoo-Anu, D. & Ansah, L. O. (2023). Education in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): Understanding the Potential Benefits of ChatGPT in Promoting Teaching and Learning. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4337484 BCG. (2023). The CEO’s Roadmap on Generative AI. https://media-publications.bcg.com/BCG-Executive-Perspectives-CEOs-Roadmap-on-Generative-AI.pdf Becker, T. (2021, September 13). The Evolution of Digital Content Creation: Then and Now. Nexa. https://blog.digitalnexa.com/the-evolution-of-digital-content-creation-then-and-now. Beheshti, A., Yang, J., Sheng, Q. Z., Benatallah, B., Casati, F., Dustdar, S., Reza, H., Nezhad, M., Zhang, X. & Xue, S. (2023). ProcessGPT: Transforming Business Process Management with Generative Artificial Intelligence. 2023 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.01771 Berg, J. & Gmyrek, P. (2023). Automation hits the knowledge worker: ChatGPT and the future of work. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=4458221. Bernhard, J. & Russman, U. (2023). Digitalization in public relations—Changing competences: A longitudinal analysis of skills required in PR job ads. Public Relations Review, Vol. 49(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2022.102283. Bhargava, D. & Theunissen, P. (2019). The future of PR is ‘fantastic’, ‘friendly’ and ‘funny’: Occupational stereotypes and symbolic capital in entry-level job advertisements. Public Relations Review, Vol. 45(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2019.101822. Bilan, M. (2023). Statistics of ChatGPT & Generative AI in business: 2023 Report. Master of Code. https://masterofcode.com/blog/statistics-of-chatgpt-generative-ai-in-business-2023-report. Bilgram, V. & Laarmann, F. (2023). Accelerating Innovation With Generative AI: AI-Augmented Digital Prototyping and Innovation Methods. IEEE Engineering Management Review, vol. 51, no. 2, 18-25. doi: 10.1109/EMR.2023.3272799. Bissessur, J., Arabikhan, F. & Bednar, P. (2019). The Illusion of Routine as an Indicator for Job Automation with Artificial Intelligence. Exploring Digital Ecosystems, Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol. 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23665-6_29 Bouton, K. (2015, July 17). Recruiting for Cultural Fit. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2015/07/recruiting-for-cultural-fit Brumberger, E. & Lauer, C. (2015). The Evolution of Technical Communication: An Analysis of Industry Job Postings, Technical Communication, Vol. 62(4), 224-243. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/stc/tc/2015/00000062/00000004/art00002# Brynjolfsson, E., Li, D. & Raymond, L. (2023). Generative AI at Work. National Bureau Of Economic Research. DOI 10.3386/w31161 Bullock, L. (2022, May 3). The 9 most important content marketing skills and tools you need to focus on in 2022. Smart Insights. https://www.smartinsights.com/content-management/content-marketing-strategy/the-9-most-important-content-marketing-skills-you-need-to-focus-on/ Brinker, S. (2023). 2023 Marketing Technology LandscapeSupergraphic: 11,038 solutions searchable on martechmap.com. Chiefmartec. https://chiefmartec.com/2023/05/2023-marketing-technology-landscape-supergraphic-11038-solutions-searchable-on-martechmap-com/ Cao, Y., Liu, Y., Yan, Z., Dai, Y., Yu, P. S., & Sun, L. (2023). A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT. J. ACM 37, 4, Article 111. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.04226. Carnevale, A. P., Jayasundera, T. & Repnikov, D. (2014). Understanding online Job ads data: A Technical Report. Georgetown University. https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/OCLM.Tech_.Web_.pdf Cedefop. (2023). Skills in online job advertisements. https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/skills-intelligence/skills-online-job-advertisements?country=EU27_2020&year=2021#9 Chandra, R. (2023, June 9). The Power of ChatGPT Code Interpreter: Creating Data Visualizations Without Writing a Single Line of Code. Kanaries. https://docs.kanaries.net/en/articles/chatgpt-code-interpreter Chen, L., Chen, X., Wu, S., Yang, Y., Chang, M. & Zhu, H. (2023). The Future of ChatGPT-enabled Labor Market:A Preliminary Study. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.09823. Cheng, M. (2023, October 11). How countries around the world are trying to regulate AI. Quartz. https://qz.com/how-countries-regulate-artificial-intelligence-1850916279. Chui, M., Roberts, R. & Yee, L. (2022, December 20). Generative AI is here: How tools like ChatGPT could change your business. Quantum Black AI by McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/generative-ai-is-here-how-tools-like-chatgpt-could-change-your-business. Chui, M., Roberts, R., Rodchenko, T., Yee, L., Singla, A., Sukharevsky, A. & Zurkiya, D. (2023a, May 12). What every CEO should know about generative AI. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/what-every-ceo-should-know-about-generative-ai. Chui, M., Hazan, E., Roberts, R., Singla, A., Smaje, K., Sukharevsky, A., Yee, L. & Zemmel, R. (2023b). The economic potential of generative AI: The next productivity frontier. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-economic-potential-of-generative-ai-the-next-productivity-frontier#/. Coursera. (2023, August 22). What Is a Social Media Influencer? And How to Become One. https://www.coursera.org/articles/social-media-influencer. Datareportal. (2023). Digital around the world. https://datareportal.com/global-digital-overview. Davenport, T. H. & Mittal, N. (2022, November 14). How Generative AI Is Changing Creative Work. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/11/how-generative-ai-is-changing-creative-work. Davila, D. (2023). ChatGPT Marketing: Create Complete Campaigns w/ Chat GPT AI [Online Course]. Udemy. https://www.udemy.com/course/chatgpt-marketing/ Dawson, N., Molitorisz, S., Rizoiu, M. A. & Fray, P. (2021). Layoffs, inequity and COVID-19: A longitudinal study of the journalism jobs crisis in Australia from 2012 to 2020. Journalism, Vol. 0, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884921996286. Deshpande, S. (2022, September 5). What Is a Content Creator? Here’s How You Can Become One. MUO. https://www.makeuseof.com/what-is-content-creator-how-to-become/. Dickson, B. (2022, November 11). How 2022 became the year of generative AI. VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-2022-became-the-year-of-generative-ai/. Dietrich, G. (2023, January 10). A 2023 PESO Model™ Primer for Communicators. Spinsucks. https://spinsucks.com/communication/pr-pros-must-embrace-the-peso-model/ Durth, S., Hancook, B., Maor, D. & Sukharevsky, A. (2023, September 19). The organization of the future: Enabled by gen AI, driven by people. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/the-organization-of-the-future-enabled-by-gen-ai-driven-by-people. Eapen, T. T., Finkenstadt, D. J., Folk, J. & Venkataswamy, L. (2023). How Generative AI Can Augment Human Creativity. Harvard Business Review July-August 2023. https://hbr.org/2023/07/how-generative-ai-can-augment-human-creativity. EIU. (2023, July 21). How governments are looking to regulate AI. https://www.eiu.com/n/how-governments-are-looking-to-regulate-ai/. Eloundou, T., Manning, S., Mishkin, P. & Rock, D. (2023). GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.10130. Evans, H. (2017, January 30). “Content is King” — Essay by Bill Gates 1996. Medium. https://medium.com/@HeathEvans/content-is-king-essay-by-bill-gates-1996-df74552f80d9. Fawzi, A., Balog, M. Romera-Paredes, B., Hassabis, D. & Kohli, P. (2022, October 5). Discovering novel algorithms with AlphaTensor. Google Deepmind. https://www.deepmind.com/blog/discovering-novel-algorithms-with-alphatensor Fischer, N. A., Moeller, E. V., McNerney, J., Trozzo, A., Farmer, S., Sheng, J. J., Ko, J., Liu, J. Y., Xu, C., Ji, F. & Cai, W. (2023, August 11). Unleashing the AI Imagination: A Global Overview of Generative AI Regulations. Pillsbury. https://www.pillsburylaw.com/en/news-and-insights/ai-regulations-us-eu-uk-china.html. Framzen, C. (2023, July 7). Code Interpreter comes to all ChatGPT Plus users — ‘anyone can be a data analyst now’. VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/ai/code-interpreter-comes-to-all-chatgpt-plus-users-anyone-can-be-a-data-analyst-now/ Future Marketing Insights (2022). Digital content creator market 2022 – 2032. https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/digital-content-creator-market. Futurepedia. (2023). Futurepedia the largest AI tools directory. https://www.futurepedia.io/. Gardiner, A., Aasheim, C., Rutner, P. & Williams, S. (2017). Skill Requirements in Big Data: A Content Analysis of Job Advertisements. Journal of Computer Information Systems, Vol. 58 (4), 374–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2017.1289354 Gartner. (2021, October 18). Gartner Identifies the Top Strategic Technology Trends for 2022. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2021-10-18-gartner-identifies-the-top-strategic-technology-trends-for-2022. Gartner. (2022, November 10). Gartner Survey Finds 58% of Organizations Employ Borderless Technology Talent. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-11-10-gartner-survey-finds-58-percent-of-organizations-employ-borderless-technology-talent. Gartner. (2023). Gartner Experts Answer the Top Generative AI Questions for Your Enterprise. https://www.gartner.com/en/topics/generative-ai. Geyser, W. (2023, March 6). What Is a Creator? (+How to Improve Your Content Creation Skills). Influencer Marketing Hub. https://influencermarketinghub.com/what-is-a-creator/ Glassdoor (2023, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.glassdoor.com/Job/us-content-creator-jobs-SRCH_IL.0,2_IN1_KO3,18.htm. Gmeiner, F., Holstein, K. & Martelaro, N. (2022). Team Learning as a Lens for Designing Human–AI Co-Creative Systems. Generative AI and HCI Workshop – CHI’22. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2207.02996 Goldman Sachs. (2023). The Potentially Large Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Growth. https://www.ansa.it/documents/1680080409454_ert.pdf Goldstein, J., Lobig, B., Fillare, C. & Nowak, C. (2023, August 11). Augmented work for an automated, AI-driven world. IBM. https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/NGAWMXAK Google Cloud. (2023). Generate text, images, code, and more with Google Cloud AI. https://cloud.google.com/use-cases/generative-ai. Gozalo-Brizuela, R. & Garrido-Merchan, E. C. (2023). A survey of Generative AI Applications. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.02781. Gregorio, A. D. et al. (2019). Employability skills for future marketing professionals. European Management Journal, Vol. 37(3), 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.03.004. Growcoot, M. (2022, September 16). Thousands of AI-Generated Images are For Sale on Stock Photo Websites. PetaPixel. https://petapixel.com/2022/09/16/thousands-of-ai-generated-images-are-for-sale-on-stock-photo-websites/ Guo, L. & Volz, Y. (2019). (Re)defining Journalistic Expertise in the Digital Transformation: A Content Analysis of Job Announcements. Journalism Practice, Vol. 13(10), 1294-1315. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2019.1588147. Guo, L. & Volz, Y. (2020). Toward a New Conceptualization of Journalistic Competency: An Analysis of U.S. Broadcasting Job Announcements. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, Vol.76 (1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769582092530. Härlin, T., Rova, G. B., Sokolov, O., Singla, A. & Sukharevsky, A. (2023, April 26). Exploring opportunities in the generative AI value chain. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/exploring-opportunities-in-the-generative-ai-value-chain. Heath, R. (2023, August 8). U.S. public opinion is evenly split on AI. Axios. https://www.axios.com/2023/08/08/ai-divides-america-polls-chatgpt. Heine, A. (2023, July 25). 10 Reasons Why Soft Skills Are Important for Your Career. Indeed Career Guide. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/interviewing/why-are-soft-skills-important Hsu, Y. C. & Ching, Y. H. (2023). Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education, Part One: the Dynamic Frontier. TechTrends Vol. 67, 603–607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00863-9. Hugging Face (2023). Generative AI Models Sorted by Languages, https://huggingface.co/models?sort=trending Iheagwara, I. (2023, June 19). 6 Ways to Use ChatGPT as a Data Analyst. Make Use Of. https://www.makeuseof.com/ways-to-use-chatgpt-data-analyst/. Indeed. (2022, November 10). What Do You Need to Become a Content Creator? (Plus Skills). https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/what-do-you-need-to-become-content-creator. Indeed (2023a, January 5). How To Become a Content Creator in 2023. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/how-to-become-content-creator. Indeed (2023b, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.indeed.com/jobs?q=content%20creator&l=United%20States. Influencer Marketing Factory. (2023). The Creator Economy Report 2023. https://theinfluencermarketingfactory.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/The-Creator-Economy-2023-Report.pdf Kantane, I., Sloka, B., Buligina, I., Tora, G., Busevica, R., Buligina, A., Dzelme, J., & Tora, P. (2015). Expectations by Employers on Skills, Knowledge and Attitudes of Employees. European integration studies, 224-234. DOI:10.5755/J01.EIS.0.9.12809 Khaouja, I., Kassou, I. & Ghogho, M. (2021). A Survey on Skill Identification From Online Job Ads. IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 118134-118153, 2021. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3106120. Klass, Y. (2023). The 3 Essential Phases for an Impactful Content Creation Process. Similarweb Blog. https://www.similarweb.com/blog/marketing/content-marketing/content-creation-process/ Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., Altmann, A., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaite, R., Paliszkiewicz, J., Wach, K. & Ziemba, E. (2023). Generative artificial intelligence as a new context for management theories: analysis of ChatGPT. Central European Management Journal, Vol. 31(1), 3-13. DOI 10.1108/CEMJ-02-2023-0091. Kotler, P., Kartajaya, H. & Setiawan, I. (2016). Marketing 4.0: Moving from Traditional to Digital. Wiley. Kotler, P., Kartajaya, H. & Setiawan, I. (2021). Marketing 5.0: Technology for Humanity. Wiley. Kovac, I. & Zarandne, K. V. (2021). Digital marketing employability skills in job advertisements – must-have soft skills for entry-level workers: a content analysis. Economics and Sociology, Vol.15(1), 178-192. doi:10.14254/2071-789X.2022/15-1/11. Larsen, B. & Narayan, J., (2023, January 9). Generative AI: a game-changer that society and industry need to be ready for. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-generative-ai-a-game-changer-industries-and-society-code-developers/. Laurinavicius, T. (2022). The Complete List of Writer Job Titles With Short Descriptions (2023). Best Writing. https://bestwriting.com/blog/writer-job-titles Lazo, C. M., Aldea, P. G. & Curiel, E. H. (2018). Professional skills and profiles in journalism requested by the companies: Analysis of the jobs offers in Linkedin and Infojobs. Communication & Society, Vol. 31(4), 211-228. doi: 10.15581/003.31.4.211-228. Lazaro, E. & Jorge, G. M. (2019). What Skills and Competencies Are Required of Marketing Graduates in the Spanish Business-to-Business Sector? A Content Analysis of Listings on Online Job Portal. Esic Market Economics and Business Journal, Vol. 50(3), 515-536. DOI: 10.7200/esicm.164.0503.2. Lee, K. F. (2018). How AI can save our humanity [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/kai_fu_lee_how_ai_can_save_our_humanity. Lenkert, E. (2020, September 12). What Is a Content Creator and How To Become One. Adobe Express. https://www.adobe.com/express/learn/blog/content-creator. Leung, F. F., Gu, F. F. & Palmatier, R. W. (2022). Online influencer marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 50, 226 – 251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-021-00829-4. Linden, C. G., Lehtisaari, K., Gronlund, M. & Villi, M. (2021). Journalistic Passion as Commodity: A Managerial Perspective. Journalism Studies, Vol. 22(12), 1701-1719. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2021.1911672. LinkedIn (2023, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.linkedin.com/jobs/search/?currentJobId=3462886559&keywords=content%20creator&refresh=true. LogicLoop (2023). ChatGPT Code Interpreter for Data Analysis. https://www.logicloop.com/posts/chatgpt-code-interpreter-for-data-analysis LiveAbout. (2023). Media Careers: Options, Job Titles, and Descriptions. https://www.liveabout.com/media-job-titles-2061502 Mason, K. (2022, August 11). What is a Content Creator? And How Can You Become One?. Siegemedia. https://www.siegemedia.com/creation/content-creator. Ma, L. & Sun, B. (2020). Machine learning and AI in marketing – Connecting computing power to human insights. International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 37, Issue 3, 481-504. DOI:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.04.005 MarketResearch.biz. (2023). Generative AI In Project Management Market. https://marketresearch.biz/report/generative-ai-in-project-management-market/ Marr, B. (2023, March 22). ChatGPT: What Are Hallucinations And Why Are They A Problem For AI Systems. Barnard Marr & Co. https://bernardmarr.com/chatgpt-what-are-hallucinations-and-why-are-they-a-problem-for-ai-systems/ Mayahi, S. & Vidrih, M. (2022). The Impact of Generative AI on the Future of Visual Content Marketing. arXiv:2211.12660, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.12660. Mckinsey. (2023a, January 19). What is generative AI?. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-generative-ai. Mckinsey. (2023b, April 10). What is influencer marketing?. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-influencer-marketing. McCoy. J. (2023, March 20). 8 important content strategy goals to consider. Search Engine Journal. https://searchengineland.com/content-strategy-goals-394472. Meganck, S., Smith, J. & Guidry, J. P. D. (2020). The skills required for entry-level public relations: An analysis of skills required in 1,000 PR job ads. Public Relat Rev. 2020 Dec;46(5):101973, 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101973. Moutsos, K. (2022, May 16). 4 Content Marketing Goals That Really Matter to the Business. Content Marketing Institute. https://contentmarketinginstitute.com/articles/content-marketing-goals-matter-business Murkherjee, A. & Chang, H. H. (2023). The Creative Frontier of Generative AI: Managing the Novelty-Usefulness Tradeoff. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.03601. Murray, M. (2021, October 25). Content workflow: Why it’s important and how you can create one for yourself. Gather Content. https://gathercontent.com/blog/the-importance-of-content-workflows. Nah, F. F. H., Zheng, R., Cai, J., Siau, K. & Chen, L. (2023). Generative AI and ChatGPT: Applications, challenges, and AI-human collaboration. Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research, Vol. 25(3), 277 – 304. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2023.2233814. Nahigian, T. & Fonseca, L. (2022, November 17). If You’re Not First, You’re Last: How AI Becomes Mission Critical. Base10. https://base10.vc/post/generative-ai-mission-critical/ Neilson, T., Gibson, T. A. & Ortiga, K. (2023). Now Hiring Social Media Editors. Journalism Studies, 1-22. DOI:10.1080/1461670X.2022.2161930. Nguyen, S. J. (2023, April 4). How AI can help you repurpose content for social media. Zapier. https://zapier.com/blog/repurpose-content-for-social-with-ai/ Nicoletti, L. & Bass, D. (2023). Humans are biased. Generative ai is even worse. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2023-generative-ai-bias/. Novet, J. (2023, May 23). Microsoft is bringing an A.I. chatbot to data analysis. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/05/23/microsoft-launches-fabric-including-copilot-for-power-bi.html. Noy, S. & Zhang, W. (2023). Experimental Evidence on the Productivity Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4375283 Panselina, E. (2023, March 15). Survey: AI is the future, but only 14% of employees are being trained on the tools. Talent LMS. https://www.talentlms.com/blog/ai-at-work-chatgpt-survey/. Pejic-Bach, M., Bertoncel, T., Meško, M. & Krstić, Z. (2020). Text mining of industry 4.0 job advertisements. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 50, 416-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.014. Perkel, J. M. (2023). Six tips for better coding with ChatGPT. Nature 618, 422-423. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-01833-0. Permatasari, A. et al. (2021). Digital Public Relations: Trend and Required Skills. Jurnal ASPIKOM, Vol. 6(2), 373-386. DOI:10.24329/aspikom.v6i2.836. Perricone, C. (2023). The Ultimate Guide to Content Creation. Hubspot. https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/content-creation Pharswan, R., Ilavarasan, P. V. & Kar, A. K. (2020). What Makes a Social Media Manager? Insights from the Content Analysis of Job Advertisements in India. In: Sharma, S.K., Dwivedi, Y.K., Metri, B., Rana, N.P. (eds) Re-imagining Diffusion and Adoption of Information Technology and Systems: A Continuing Conversation. TDIT 2020. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 618. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64861-9_34. Polaris Market Research. (2023, January). Generative AI Market Share, Size, Trends, Industry Analysis Report, By Component (Software and Services); By Technology; By End-Use; By Region; Segment Forecast, 2023 – 2032. https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/generative-ai-market. Powers, E. (2021). Seeking “skilled, poised, fluent” verbal communicators: Aesthetic labor and signaling in journalism job advertisements. Newspaper Research Journal, Vol. 42(1), 12-28. DOI: 10.1177/0739532921989884. ProductHunt.com (2023). The Best AI in 2023. https://www.producthunt.com/categories/ai. PWC. (2023, May 16). What’s the future of content in the generative AI age?. https://www.pwc.com/us/en/tech-effect/ai-analytics/future-of-content-in-the-generative-ai-age.html Qadir, J. (2023). Engineering Education in the Era of ChatGPT: Promise and Pitfalls of Generative AI for Education. 2023 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON). Doi: 10.1109/EDUCON54358.2023.10125121 Ramponi, M. (2023, June 27). Recent developments in Generative AI for Audio. AssemblyAI. https://www.assemblyai.com/blog/recent-developments-in-generative-ai-for-audio/ Ratajczak, D., Kropp, M., Palumbo, S., Bellefonds, N. D., Apotheker, J., Willersdorf, S. & Paizanis, G. (2023, June 15). How CMOs Are Succeeding with Generative AI. BCG. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2023/generative-ai-in-marketing. Ritala, P., Ruokonen, M. & Ramaul, L. (2023). Transforming boundaries: how does ChatGPT change knowledge work?, Journal of Business Strategy, DOI 10.1108/JBS-05-2023-0094. Rivas, P. & Zhao, L. (2023). Marketing with ChatGPT: Navigating the Ethical Terrain of GPT-Based Chatbot Technology. AI 2023, 4(2), 375-384. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai4020019. Roose, K. (2022, September 02). An A.I.-Generated Picture Won an Art Prize. Artists Aren’t Happy. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/technology/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html. Royle, J. & Laing, A. (2014). The digital marketing skills gap: Developing a Digital Marketer Model for the communication industries. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 34(2), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.11.008. Salesforce. (2023, September). Top Generative AI Statistics for 2023. https://www.salesforce.com/news/stories/generative-ai-statistics/. Sancar, A. S. (2016). What is Public Relations? An Analysis of Turkish Public Relations Job Advertisements Discourses. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies. https://www.ojcmt.net/download/what-is-public-relations-an-analysis-of-turkish-public-relations-job-advertisements-discourses-5668.pdf. Siddoo, V. & Sawattawee, J. (2020). A Comparative Analysis of Digital Content Marketing Competency in Singapore and Thailand. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/InCIT50588.2020.9310779. Similarweb. (2023). Website traffic for LinkedIn.com, Indeed.com, and Glassdoor.com. https://www.similarweb.com/. Smart Insights (2023, March 24). The Content Marketing Matrix. https://www.smartinsights.com/content-management/content-marketing-strategy/the-content-marketing-matrix-new-infographic/ Smith, A. (2022, October 3). How digital content creators are reshaping brand strategies. Sproutsocial. https://sproutsocial.com/insights/digital-content-creators/. Sodhi, MS & Son, B-G. (2010). Content analysis of OR job advertisements to infer required skills. Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 61, 1315-1327. Doi:10.1057/jors.2009.80 Stadler, C. & Reeves, M. (2023, March 2). Chatting About Strategy. BCG Henderson Institute. https://bcghendersoninstitute.com/chatting-about-strategy/. Stasik, S. & Vrbat, P. (2022, May 26). What is a content creator?. SODP. https://www.stateofdigitalpublishing.com/content-strategy/what-is-a-content-creator/. Su, J. & Yang, W. (2023). Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT: A Framework for Applying Generative AI in Education. ECNU Review of Education, 1-12. DOI: 10.1177/20965311231168423 Survey Money. (2023). Sample size calculator. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/sample-size-calculator/. Tamara. (2023, June 29). HR and recruitment statistics in 2023: numbers, trends and insights. Job search and recruiting process. On Hires. https://www.onhires.com/blog-post/hr-and-recruitment-statistics-job-search-and-recruiting-process U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022, September 8). Occupational Outlook Handbook. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/. Veitch, P. (2023, April 6). Generative AI: Empowering Project Managers in Software Development. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/generative-ai-empowering-project-managers-software-paul-veitch/. Vieira, D.A., Meirinhos, V., Ardions, A., Araújo, M.S. & Carvalho, P. (2019). Soft skills list and Mind map. ULISSE IO2 Soft Skills Report 2. ULISSE Project. https://ulisseproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/ULISSE_Soft_Skills_MindMap_IO2.pdf Verma, A., Frank, P. & Lamsal, K. (2021). An exploratory study of skill requirements for social media positions: A content analysis of job advertisements. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2106.11040. Verma S., Sharma, R., Deb, S. & Maitra, D. (2021). Artificial intelligence in marketing: Systematic review and future research direction. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2020.100002 WARC. (2023). WARC Creative Ranking 100 by countries. https://www.warc.com/creative/rankings/creative-100 Webb, M. (2020). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Labor Market. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3482150. WEF. (2023). Future of Jobs Report 2023. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023/ Wenger, D. & Owens, L. C. (2013). An Examination of Job Skills Required by Top U.S. Broadcast News Companies and Potential Impact on Journalism Curricula. Electronic News, 7(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243113484314. Wenger, D. H., Owens, L. C. & Cain, J. (2018). Help Wanted: Realigning Journalism Education to Meet the Needs of Top U.S. News Companies. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, Vol. 73(1), 18-36. West, C. (2022, January 6). Digital creators vs. influencers: What’s the difference?. Sprout Social. https://sproutsocial.com/insights/digital-creators-vs-influencers/. Wiles, J. (2023, January 26). Beyond ChatGPT: The Future of Generative AI for Enterprises. Gartner. https://www.gartner.com/en/articles/beyond-chatgpt-the-future-of-generative-ai-for-enterprises. Wolfe, A. (2020). Demystifying journalist job titles: A glossary for PR pros. Muck Rack. https://muckrack.com/blog/2020/10/07/journalist-job-titles-glossary Wu, Y., Mou, Y., Li, Z. & Xu, K. (2020). Investigating American and Chinese Subjects’ explicit and implicit perceptions of AI-Generated artistic work. Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.106186. Zarifhonarvar, A. (2023). Economics of ChatGPT: A Labor Market View on the Occupational Impact of Artificial Intelligence. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4350925 Zhang, Y. & Gosline, R. (2023). Human Favoritism, Not AI Aversion: People’s Perceptions (and Bias) Toward Generative AI, Human Experts, and Human-GAI Collaboration in Persuasive Content Generation. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4453958. Zhang, C., Zhang, C., Zhang, M., Kweon, I. S. (2023). Text-to-image Diffusion Models in Generative AI: A Survey. Journal of Latex Class Files, vol. 14, no. 8, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.07909. Zhou, M., Abhishek, V. & Srinivasan, K. (2023). Bias in Generative AI (Work in Progress). Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/ales/cib/bias_in_gen_ai.pdf Zierock, B. (2023). ChatGPT and content creation automation. Researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367559645_ChatGPT_and_content_creation_automation Zippia. (2023). Content creator overview. https://www.zippia.com/content-creator-jobs/
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
全球傳播與創新科技碩士學位學程
111ZM1019
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111ZM1019
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 卞中佩zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Pien, Chung-Peien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張曼娜zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Mananya Techalertkamolen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張曼娜zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Techalertkamol, Mananyaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Jan-2024 15:32:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Jan-2024 15:32:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Jan-2024 15:32:26 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0111ZM1019en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/149050-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 全球傳播與創新科技碩士學位學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 111ZM1019zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究 “內容創作者是否被生成式人工智慧取代?” 旨在深入了解當前內部內容創作者就業市場以及生成式人工智慧發展帶來的機會和挑戰。本研究對一千多條內容創作者的招聘廣告進行了文字分析,以提取內容創作者的任務、所需技能和其他就業要求。隨後,本研究根據任務特徵和Gen-AI工具的能力製定了一個評估框架,對Gen-AI的影響進行分類和評估。 根據每項任務的評估,本研究發現生成式人工智能(Gen-AI)工具能改善內容創作者之任務至少50%以上並將其任務約20%自動化。初階職務的內容創作者最有可能受Gen-AI的影響,因為他們的工作與內容創作有關,而這正是Gen-AI的強項。此外,Gen-AI之應用也十分廣泛。這些工具也可以部分地支援策略規劃、研究與發展、行銷及市場銷售以及工作流程優化等各項工作。因此,身負多種職責的資深內容創作者可能會更頻繁接觸到Gen-AI工具。 總體而言,由於許多任務仍需要人工介入以確保其能被有效執行,Gen-AI尚無法直接取代內容創作者的職位。然而Gen-AI工具被預測將成為日常工作中不可或缺的一部分,因其有助於提升生產力、減少成本並提高組織競爭力。在面臨快速職務轉變的情況下,內容創作者應該把握此機會,提升與執行策略性任務所需之技能。此外,主動學習並有效地整合Gen-AI工具和其他先進科技,將其應用在工作中,這將有助於內容創作者在科技快速發展的情況下在勞動市場中保有競爭力。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The project “Will Generative AIs replace content creator jobs?” aims to provide insights into the current in-house content creator job market as well as opportunities and challenges caused by the development of Generative AIs. The project conducted text analysis on over a thousand content creator's job advertisements to extract content creators’ tasks, required skills, and other employment requirements. Subsequently, the project developed a rubric to classify and evaluate impact of Gen-AI, based on task characteristics and Gen-AI tools’ capability. From task-based evaluation, the project found that Gen-AI tools can enhance over half and automate about 20% of a content creator’s tasks. Entry-level content creators will be affected by Gen-AI the most as their works are related to content production, which is Gen-AI’s strength. Furthermore, the application of Gen-AI is very diverse. The tools can also partially support strategy planning, research and development, marketing and sales, and workflow optimization. Thus, higher-level content creators, who respond to a broader range of responsibilities, are likely to engage more with Gen-AI tools. In summary, Gen-AI cannot directly replace content creator jobs since most tasks still need human intervention to be completed effectively. However, the Gen-AI tool is forecasted to become part of daily work because it can increase productivity, reduce costs, and improve organizational competitiveness. Given the context of rapid work role transformation, content creators should take this opportunity to advance the required skills for strategic tasks. In addition, proactively learning and effectively integrating Gen-AI tools and other advanced technologies into work will help content creators stay competitive in the labor market in the rapidly evolving technology context.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Problem 1 1.2 Research Objectives 2 1.3 Research Questions 2 1.4 Scope of the Study 3 1.5 Capstone Report Layout 4 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 2.1 Content Creators and their Responsibilities 5 2.1.1 Definition of Content Creator 5 2.1.2 Roles of In-house Content Creator 5 2.2 Generative Artificial Intelligence and Its Impacts 8 2.2.1 Introduction to Generative AIs 8 2.2.2 Generative AI Use Cases 13 2.2.3 Generative AI Impacts on Economy and Work 16 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 20 3.1 In-house Content Creator’s Task and Required Skills Analysis 21 3.2 Impact of Gen-AI on Task Analysis 23 3.3 Analyzing Gen-AI Opportunities and Challenges for Content Creators 28 CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS RESULTS 29 4.1 Content Creator’s Main Tasks, Job Characteristics, and Required skills 29 4.1.1 Task and Responsibility Analysis 29 4.1.2 Desired Soft Skills, Attitudes and Personalities 33 4.2 Impact of Generative AIs to Content Creator Jobs 35 4.3 Opportunity and Challenge Analysis 39 4.3.1 Opportunity Analysis 39 4.3.2 Challenge Analysis 39 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSIONS 41 5.1 Practical Implications for In-house Content Creators 41 5.2 Capstone Project Limitations 42 5.2.1 Limitations of Research Methodology 42 5.2.2 Limitations of Applying Analysis Results in Different Contexts 43 5.3 For Future Research 45 REFERENCES 47 APPENDIX 61 Appendix 2.1 Content Marketing Matrix by Smart Insights 61 Appendix 2.2: PESO Model by Gini Dietrich 61 Appendix 3.1 Top 3 Online Job Posting Sites in the U.S. 62 Appendix 3.2 Calculate Online Job Ad Sample Size 62 Appendix 3.3 Custom Dictionary 68 Appendix 4.1: Average Task Calculation by Job Levels 74 Appendix 4.2: Job Posting Analysis for Content Creators’ Tasks 74 Appendix 4.3: Popular Content Types and Formats in Job Postings 78 Appendix 4.4: Top Content Qualities Highly Mentioned in the Job Postings 78 Appendix 4.5: Most Important Communication Platforms and Channels 79 Appendix 4.6: Analysis of Gen-AI Impact on Tasks 80 Appendix 4.7: Gen-AI Tool Experiments 109zh_TW
dc.format.extent 4568272 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111ZM1019en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內部內容創作者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 生成式人工智能的影響zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 職位廣告分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 職業發展zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) In-house content creatoren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Impact of Generative AIsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) United Statesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Job ads analysisen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) career developmenten_US
dc.title (題名) 內容創作者會不會被生成式人工智慧取代?zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Will Generative AIs replace content creator jobs?en_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Accenture. (2023). A new era of generative AI for everyone. https://www.accenture.com/content/dam/accenture/final/accenture-com/document/Accenture-A-New-Era-of-Generative-AI-for-Everyone.pdf. Adams, M. B. & Lee, N. M. (2021). Analytics in PR Education: Desired Skills for Digital Communicators. Journal of Public Relations Education, Vol.7(2), 44-76. https://aejmc.us/jpre/2021/09/10/analytics-in-pr-education-desired-skills-for-digital-communicators/ Adobe. (2022, August 25). Adobe “Future of Creativity” Study: 165M+ Creators Joined Creator Economy Since 2020. https://news.adobe.com/news/news-details/2022/Adobe-Future-of-Creativity-Study-165M-Creators-Joined-Creator-Economy-Since-2020/. Agrawal, K. P. (2023). Towards Adoption of Generative AI in Organizational Settings. Journal of Computer Information Systems. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2023.2240744. Aha! Labs. (2023). What are the most common marketing job titles?. https://www.aha.io/roadmapping/guide/marketing/marketing-job-titles Ahadi, A., Kitto, K., Rizoiu, M. A. & Musial, K. (2022). Skills Taught vs Skills Sought: Using Skills Analytics to Identify the Gaps between Curriculum and Job Markets. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 538–542. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6853121 Allthingai. (2023). A Curated Directory of AI Tools. https://allthingsai.com/. Anders, G. (2022, July 21). ‘Making it go viral’ is now a career, as creator jobs boom in these 10 fields. LinkedIn Workforce Insights. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/making-go-viral-now-career-creator-jobs-boom-10-fields-george-anders/. Antler. (2023). List of Generative Artificial Intelligence tools and platforms. https://airtable.com/shrBeWpMlxf3e14E8/tblS4TkbJbm0cqT0o. Arntz, M., Gregory, T. & Zierahn, U. (2016). The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis. OECD. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/ 5jlz9h56dvq7-en.pdf?expires=1689987452&id=id&accname= guest&checksum= C24D72DA03B0C3F4D6ABE1B4A0F8C48A Base10. (2023). Generative AI. https://base10.vc/research/generative-ai. Baidoo-Anu, D. & Ansah, L. O. (2023). Education in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): Understanding the Potential Benefits of ChatGPT in Promoting Teaching and Learning. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4337484 BCG. (2023). The CEO’s Roadmap on Generative AI. https://media-publications.bcg.com/BCG-Executive-Perspectives-CEOs-Roadmap-on-Generative-AI.pdf Becker, T. (2021, September 13). The Evolution of Digital Content Creation: Then and Now. Nexa. https://blog.digitalnexa.com/the-evolution-of-digital-content-creation-then-and-now. Beheshti, A., Yang, J., Sheng, Q. Z., Benatallah, B., Casati, F., Dustdar, S., Reza, H., Nezhad, M., Zhang, X. & Xue, S. (2023). ProcessGPT: Transforming Business Process Management with Generative Artificial Intelligence. 2023 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.01771 Berg, J. & Gmyrek, P. (2023). Automation hits the knowledge worker: ChatGPT and the future of work. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=4458221. Bernhard, J. & Russman, U. (2023). Digitalization in public relations—Changing competences: A longitudinal analysis of skills required in PR job ads. Public Relations Review, Vol. 49(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2022.102283. Bhargava, D. & Theunissen, P. (2019). The future of PR is ‘fantastic’, ‘friendly’ and ‘funny’: Occupational stereotypes and symbolic capital in entry-level job advertisements. Public Relations Review, Vol. 45(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2019.101822. Bilan, M. (2023). Statistics of ChatGPT & Generative AI in business: 2023 Report. Master of Code. https://masterofcode.com/blog/statistics-of-chatgpt-generative-ai-in-business-2023-report. Bilgram, V. & Laarmann, F. (2023). Accelerating Innovation With Generative AI: AI-Augmented Digital Prototyping and Innovation Methods. IEEE Engineering Management Review, vol. 51, no. 2, 18-25. doi: 10.1109/EMR.2023.3272799. Bissessur, J., Arabikhan, F. & Bednar, P. (2019). The Illusion of Routine as an Indicator for Job Automation with Artificial Intelligence. Exploring Digital Ecosystems, Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol. 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23665-6_29 Bouton, K. (2015, July 17). Recruiting for Cultural Fit. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2015/07/recruiting-for-cultural-fit Brumberger, E. & Lauer, C. (2015). The Evolution of Technical Communication: An Analysis of Industry Job Postings, Technical Communication, Vol. 62(4), 224-243. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/stc/tc/2015/00000062/00000004/art00002# Brynjolfsson, E., Li, D. & Raymond, L. (2023). Generative AI at Work. National Bureau Of Economic Research. DOI 10.3386/w31161 Bullock, L. (2022, May 3). The 9 most important content marketing skills and tools you need to focus on in 2022. Smart Insights. https://www.smartinsights.com/content-management/content-marketing-strategy/the-9-most-important-content-marketing-skills-you-need-to-focus-on/ Brinker, S. (2023). 2023 Marketing Technology LandscapeSupergraphic: 11,038 solutions searchable on martechmap.com. Chiefmartec. https://chiefmartec.com/2023/05/2023-marketing-technology-landscape-supergraphic-11038-solutions-searchable-on-martechmap-com/ Cao, Y., Liu, Y., Yan, Z., Dai, Y., Yu, P. S., & Sun, L. (2023). A Comprehensive Survey of AI-Generated Content (AIGC): A History of Generative AI from GAN to ChatGPT. J. ACM 37, 4, Article 111. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.04226. Carnevale, A. P., Jayasundera, T. & Repnikov, D. (2014). Understanding online Job ads data: A Technical Report. Georgetown University. https://cew.georgetown.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/OCLM.Tech_.Web_.pdf Cedefop. (2023). Skills in online job advertisements. https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/skills-intelligence/skills-online-job-advertisements?country=EU27_2020&year=2021#9 Chandra, R. (2023, June 9). The Power of ChatGPT Code Interpreter: Creating Data Visualizations Without Writing a Single Line of Code. Kanaries. https://docs.kanaries.net/en/articles/chatgpt-code-interpreter Chen, L., Chen, X., Wu, S., Yang, Y., Chang, M. & Zhu, H. (2023). The Future of ChatGPT-enabled Labor Market:A Preliminary Study. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.09823. Cheng, M. (2023, October 11). How countries around the world are trying to regulate AI. Quartz. https://qz.com/how-countries-regulate-artificial-intelligence-1850916279. Chui, M., Roberts, R. & Yee, L. (2022, December 20). Generative AI is here: How tools like ChatGPT could change your business. Quantum Black AI by McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/generative-ai-is-here-how-tools-like-chatgpt-could-change-your-business. Chui, M., Roberts, R., Rodchenko, T., Yee, L., Singla, A., Sukharevsky, A. & Zurkiya, D. (2023a, May 12). What every CEO should know about generative AI. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/what-every-ceo-should-know-about-generative-ai. Chui, M., Hazan, E., Roberts, R., Singla, A., Smaje, K., Sukharevsky, A., Yee, L. & Zemmel, R. (2023b). The economic potential of generative AI: The next productivity frontier. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-economic-potential-of-generative-ai-the-next-productivity-frontier#/. Coursera. (2023, August 22). What Is a Social Media Influencer? And How to Become One. https://www.coursera.org/articles/social-media-influencer. Datareportal. (2023). Digital around the world. https://datareportal.com/global-digital-overview. Davenport, T. H. & Mittal, N. (2022, November 14). How Generative AI Is Changing Creative Work. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2022/11/how-generative-ai-is-changing-creative-work. Davila, D. (2023). ChatGPT Marketing: Create Complete Campaigns w/ Chat GPT AI [Online Course]. Udemy. https://www.udemy.com/course/chatgpt-marketing/ Dawson, N., Molitorisz, S., Rizoiu, M. A. & Fray, P. (2021). Layoffs, inequity and COVID-19: A longitudinal study of the journalism jobs crisis in Australia from 2012 to 2020. Journalism, Vol. 0, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884921996286. Deshpande, S. (2022, September 5). What Is a Content Creator? Here’s How You Can Become One. MUO. https://www.makeuseof.com/what-is-content-creator-how-to-become/. Dickson, B. (2022, November 11). How 2022 became the year of generative AI. VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/ai/how-2022-became-the-year-of-generative-ai/. Dietrich, G. (2023, January 10). A 2023 PESO Model™ Primer for Communicators. Spinsucks. https://spinsucks.com/communication/pr-pros-must-embrace-the-peso-model/ Durth, S., Hancook, B., Maor, D. & Sukharevsky, A. (2023, September 19). The organization of the future: Enabled by gen AI, driven by people. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/the-organization-of-the-future-enabled-by-gen-ai-driven-by-people. Eapen, T. T., Finkenstadt, D. J., Folk, J. & Venkataswamy, L. (2023). How Generative AI Can Augment Human Creativity. Harvard Business Review July-August 2023. https://hbr.org/2023/07/how-generative-ai-can-augment-human-creativity. EIU. (2023, July 21). How governments are looking to regulate AI. https://www.eiu.com/n/how-governments-are-looking-to-regulate-ai/. Eloundou, T., Manning, S., Mishkin, P. & Rock, D. (2023). GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.10130. Evans, H. (2017, January 30). “Content is King” — Essay by Bill Gates 1996. Medium. https://medium.com/@HeathEvans/content-is-king-essay-by-bill-gates-1996-df74552f80d9. Fawzi, A., Balog, M. Romera-Paredes, B., Hassabis, D. & Kohli, P. (2022, October 5). Discovering novel algorithms with AlphaTensor. Google Deepmind. https://www.deepmind.com/blog/discovering-novel-algorithms-with-alphatensor Fischer, N. A., Moeller, E. V., McNerney, J., Trozzo, A., Farmer, S., Sheng, J. J., Ko, J., Liu, J. Y., Xu, C., Ji, F. & Cai, W. (2023, August 11). Unleashing the AI Imagination: A Global Overview of Generative AI Regulations. Pillsbury. https://www.pillsburylaw.com/en/news-and-insights/ai-regulations-us-eu-uk-china.html. Framzen, C. (2023, July 7). Code Interpreter comes to all ChatGPT Plus users — ‘anyone can be a data analyst now’. VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/ai/code-interpreter-comes-to-all-chatgpt-plus-users-anyone-can-be-a-data-analyst-now/ Future Marketing Insights (2022). Digital content creator market 2022 – 2032. https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/digital-content-creator-market. Futurepedia. (2023). Futurepedia the largest AI tools directory. https://www.futurepedia.io/. Gardiner, A., Aasheim, C., Rutner, P. & Williams, S. (2017). Skill Requirements in Big Data: A Content Analysis of Job Advertisements. Journal of Computer Information Systems, Vol. 58 (4), 374–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2017.1289354 Gartner. (2021, October 18). Gartner Identifies the Top Strategic Technology Trends for 2022. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2021-10-18-gartner-identifies-the-top-strategic-technology-trends-for-2022. Gartner. (2022, November 10). Gartner Survey Finds 58% of Organizations Employ Borderless Technology Talent. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-11-10-gartner-survey-finds-58-percent-of-organizations-employ-borderless-technology-talent. Gartner. (2023). Gartner Experts Answer the Top Generative AI Questions for Your Enterprise. https://www.gartner.com/en/topics/generative-ai. Geyser, W. (2023, March 6). What Is a Creator? (+How to Improve Your Content Creation Skills). Influencer Marketing Hub. https://influencermarketinghub.com/what-is-a-creator/ Glassdoor (2023, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.glassdoor.com/Job/us-content-creator-jobs-SRCH_IL.0,2_IN1_KO3,18.htm. Gmeiner, F., Holstein, K. & Martelaro, N. (2022). Team Learning as a Lens for Designing Human–AI Co-Creative Systems. Generative AI and HCI Workshop – CHI’22. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2207.02996 Goldman Sachs. (2023). The Potentially Large Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Growth. https://www.ansa.it/documents/1680080409454_ert.pdf Goldstein, J., Lobig, B., Fillare, C. & Nowak, C. (2023, August 11). Augmented work for an automated, AI-driven world. IBM. https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/NGAWMXAK Google Cloud. (2023). Generate text, images, code, and more with Google Cloud AI. https://cloud.google.com/use-cases/generative-ai. Gozalo-Brizuela, R. & Garrido-Merchan, E. C. (2023). A survey of Generative AI Applications. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.02781. Gregorio, A. D. et al. (2019). Employability skills for future marketing professionals. European Management Journal, Vol. 37(3), 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.03.004. Growcoot, M. (2022, September 16). Thousands of AI-Generated Images are For Sale on Stock Photo Websites. PetaPixel. https://petapixel.com/2022/09/16/thousands-of-ai-generated-images-are-for-sale-on-stock-photo-websites/ Guo, L. & Volz, Y. (2019). (Re)defining Journalistic Expertise in the Digital Transformation: A Content Analysis of Job Announcements. Journalism Practice, Vol. 13(10), 1294-1315. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2019.1588147. Guo, L. & Volz, Y. (2020). Toward a New Conceptualization of Journalistic Competency: An Analysis of U.S. Broadcasting Job Announcements. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, Vol.76 (1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769582092530. Härlin, T., Rova, G. B., Sokolov, O., Singla, A. & Sukharevsky, A. (2023, April 26). Exploring opportunities in the generative AI value chain. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/exploring-opportunities-in-the-generative-ai-value-chain. Heath, R. (2023, August 8). U.S. public opinion is evenly split on AI. Axios. https://www.axios.com/2023/08/08/ai-divides-america-polls-chatgpt. Heine, A. (2023, July 25). 10 Reasons Why Soft Skills Are Important for Your Career. Indeed Career Guide. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/interviewing/why-are-soft-skills-important Hsu, Y. C. & Ching, Y. H. (2023). Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education, Part One: the Dynamic Frontier. TechTrends Vol. 67, 603–607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00863-9. Hugging Face (2023). Generative AI Models Sorted by Languages, https://huggingface.co/models?sort=trending Iheagwara, I. (2023, June 19). 6 Ways to Use ChatGPT as a Data Analyst. Make Use Of. https://www.makeuseof.com/ways-to-use-chatgpt-data-analyst/. Indeed. (2022, November 10). What Do You Need to Become a Content Creator? (Plus Skills). https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/what-do-you-need-to-become-content-creator. Indeed (2023a, January 5). How To Become a Content Creator in 2023. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/how-to-become-content-creator. Indeed (2023b, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.indeed.com/jobs?q=content%20creator&l=United%20States. Influencer Marketing Factory. (2023). The Creator Economy Report 2023. https://theinfluencermarketingfactory.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/The-Creator-Economy-2023-Report.pdf Kantane, I., Sloka, B., Buligina, I., Tora, G., Busevica, R., Buligina, A., Dzelme, J., & Tora, P. (2015). Expectations by Employers on Skills, Knowledge and Attitudes of Employees. European integration studies, 224-234. DOI:10.5755/J01.EIS.0.9.12809 Khaouja, I., Kassou, I. & Ghogho, M. (2021). A Survey on Skill Identification From Online Job Ads. IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 118134-118153, 2021. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3106120. Klass, Y. (2023). The 3 Essential Phases for an Impactful Content Creation Process. Similarweb Blog. https://www.similarweb.com/blog/marketing/content-marketing/content-creation-process/ Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., Altmann, A., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaite, R., Paliszkiewicz, J., Wach, K. & Ziemba, E. (2023). Generative artificial intelligence as a new context for management theories: analysis of ChatGPT. Central European Management Journal, Vol. 31(1), 3-13. DOI 10.1108/CEMJ-02-2023-0091. Kotler, P., Kartajaya, H. & Setiawan, I. (2016). Marketing 4.0: Moving from Traditional to Digital. Wiley. Kotler, P., Kartajaya, H. & Setiawan, I. (2021). Marketing 5.0: Technology for Humanity. Wiley. Kovac, I. & Zarandne, K. V. (2021). Digital marketing employability skills in job advertisements – must-have soft skills for entry-level workers: a content analysis. Economics and Sociology, Vol.15(1), 178-192. doi:10.14254/2071-789X.2022/15-1/11. Larsen, B. & Narayan, J., (2023, January 9). Generative AI: a game-changer that society and industry need to be ready for. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/davos23-generative-ai-a-game-changer-industries-and-society-code-developers/. Laurinavicius, T. (2022). The Complete List of Writer Job Titles With Short Descriptions (2023). Best Writing. https://bestwriting.com/blog/writer-job-titles Lazo, C. M., Aldea, P. G. & Curiel, E. H. (2018). Professional skills and profiles in journalism requested by the companies: Analysis of the jobs offers in Linkedin and Infojobs. Communication & Society, Vol. 31(4), 211-228. doi: 10.15581/003.31.4.211-228. Lazaro, E. & Jorge, G. M. (2019). What Skills and Competencies Are Required of Marketing Graduates in the Spanish Business-to-Business Sector? A Content Analysis of Listings on Online Job Portal. Esic Market Economics and Business Journal, Vol. 50(3), 515-536. DOI: 10.7200/esicm.164.0503.2. Lee, K. F. (2018). How AI can save our humanity [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/kai_fu_lee_how_ai_can_save_our_humanity. Lenkert, E. (2020, September 12). What Is a Content Creator and How To Become One. Adobe Express. https://www.adobe.com/express/learn/blog/content-creator. Leung, F. F., Gu, F. F. & Palmatier, R. W. (2022). Online influencer marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 50, 226 – 251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-021-00829-4. Linden, C. G., Lehtisaari, K., Gronlund, M. & Villi, M. (2021). Journalistic Passion as Commodity: A Managerial Perspective. Journalism Studies, Vol. 22(12), 1701-1719. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2021.1911672. LinkedIn (2023, February 4). Current content creator job posting in the United States. https://www.linkedin.com/jobs/search/?currentJobId=3462886559&keywords=content%20creator&refresh=true. LogicLoop (2023). ChatGPT Code Interpreter for Data Analysis. https://www.logicloop.com/posts/chatgpt-code-interpreter-for-data-analysis LiveAbout. (2023). Media Careers: Options, Job Titles, and Descriptions. https://www.liveabout.com/media-job-titles-2061502 Mason, K. (2022, August 11). What is a Content Creator? And How Can You Become One?. Siegemedia. https://www.siegemedia.com/creation/content-creator. Ma, L. & Sun, B. (2020). Machine learning and AI in marketing – Connecting computing power to human insights. International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 37, Issue 3, 481-504. DOI:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.04.005 MarketResearch.biz. (2023). Generative AI In Project Management Market. https://marketresearch.biz/report/generative-ai-in-project-management-market/ Marr, B. (2023, March 22). ChatGPT: What Are Hallucinations And Why Are They A Problem For AI Systems. Barnard Marr & Co. https://bernardmarr.com/chatgpt-what-are-hallucinations-and-why-are-they-a-problem-for-ai-systems/ Mayahi, S. & Vidrih, M. (2022). The Impact of Generative AI on the Future of Visual Content Marketing. arXiv:2211.12660, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.12660. Mckinsey. (2023a, January 19). What is generative AI?. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-generative-ai. Mckinsey. (2023b, April 10). What is influencer marketing?. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-influencer-marketing. McCoy. J. (2023, March 20). 8 important content strategy goals to consider. Search Engine Journal. https://searchengineland.com/content-strategy-goals-394472. Meganck, S., Smith, J. & Guidry, J. P. D. (2020). The skills required for entry-level public relations: An analysis of skills required in 1,000 PR job ads. Public Relat Rev. 2020 Dec;46(5):101973, 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101973. Moutsos, K. (2022, May 16). 4 Content Marketing Goals That Really Matter to the Business. Content Marketing Institute. https://contentmarketinginstitute.com/articles/content-marketing-goals-matter-business Murkherjee, A. & Chang, H. H. (2023). The Creative Frontier of Generative AI: Managing the Novelty-Usefulness Tradeoff. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.03601. Murray, M. (2021, October 25). Content workflow: Why it’s important and how you can create one for yourself. Gather Content. https://gathercontent.com/blog/the-importance-of-content-workflows. Nah, F. F. H., Zheng, R., Cai, J., Siau, K. & Chen, L. (2023). Generative AI and ChatGPT: Applications, challenges, and AI-human collaboration. Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research, Vol. 25(3), 277 – 304. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2023.2233814. Nahigian, T. & Fonseca, L. (2022, November 17). If You’re Not First, You’re Last: How AI Becomes Mission Critical. Base10. https://base10.vc/post/generative-ai-mission-critical/ Neilson, T., Gibson, T. A. & Ortiga, K. (2023). Now Hiring Social Media Editors. Journalism Studies, 1-22. DOI:10.1080/1461670X.2022.2161930. Nguyen, S. J. (2023, April 4). How AI can help you repurpose content for social media. Zapier. https://zapier.com/blog/repurpose-content-for-social-with-ai/ Nicoletti, L. & Bass, D. (2023). Humans are biased. Generative ai is even worse. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2023-generative-ai-bias/. Novet, J. (2023, May 23). Microsoft is bringing an A.I. chatbot to data analysis. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/05/23/microsoft-launches-fabric-including-copilot-for-power-bi.html. Noy, S. & Zhang, W. (2023). Experimental Evidence on the Productivity Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4375283 Panselina, E. (2023, March 15). Survey: AI is the future, but only 14% of employees are being trained on the tools. Talent LMS. https://www.talentlms.com/blog/ai-at-work-chatgpt-survey/. Pejic-Bach, M., Bertoncel, T., Meško, M. & Krstić, Z. (2020). Text mining of industry 4.0 job advertisements. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 50, 416-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.014. Perkel, J. M. (2023). Six tips for better coding with ChatGPT. Nature 618, 422-423. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-01833-0. Permatasari, A. et al. (2021). Digital Public Relations: Trend and Required Skills. Jurnal ASPIKOM, Vol. 6(2), 373-386. DOI:10.24329/aspikom.v6i2.836. Perricone, C. (2023). The Ultimate Guide to Content Creation. Hubspot. https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/content-creation Pharswan, R., Ilavarasan, P. V. & Kar, A. K. (2020). What Makes a Social Media Manager? Insights from the Content Analysis of Job Advertisements in India. In: Sharma, S.K., Dwivedi, Y.K., Metri, B., Rana, N.P. (eds) Re-imagining Diffusion and Adoption of Information Technology and Systems: A Continuing Conversation. TDIT 2020. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 618. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64861-9_34. Polaris Market Research. (2023, January). Generative AI Market Share, Size, Trends, Industry Analysis Report, By Component (Software and Services); By Technology; By End-Use; By Region; Segment Forecast, 2023 – 2032. https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/generative-ai-market. Powers, E. (2021). Seeking “skilled, poised, fluent” verbal communicators: Aesthetic labor and signaling in journalism job advertisements. Newspaper Research Journal, Vol. 42(1), 12-28. DOI: 10.1177/0739532921989884. ProductHunt.com (2023). The Best AI in 2023. https://www.producthunt.com/categories/ai. PWC. (2023, May 16). What’s the future of content in the generative AI age?. https://www.pwc.com/us/en/tech-effect/ai-analytics/future-of-content-in-the-generative-ai-age.html Qadir, J. (2023). Engineering Education in the Era of ChatGPT: Promise and Pitfalls of Generative AI for Education. 2023 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON). Doi: 10.1109/EDUCON54358.2023.10125121 Ramponi, M. (2023, June 27). Recent developments in Generative AI for Audio. AssemblyAI. https://www.assemblyai.com/blog/recent-developments-in-generative-ai-for-audio/ Ratajczak, D., Kropp, M., Palumbo, S., Bellefonds, N. D., Apotheker, J., Willersdorf, S. & Paizanis, G. (2023, June 15). How CMOs Are Succeeding with Generative AI. BCG. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2023/generative-ai-in-marketing. Ritala, P., Ruokonen, M. & Ramaul, L. (2023). Transforming boundaries: how does ChatGPT change knowledge work?, Journal of Business Strategy, DOI 10.1108/JBS-05-2023-0094. Rivas, P. & Zhao, L. (2023). Marketing with ChatGPT: Navigating the Ethical Terrain of GPT-Based Chatbot Technology. AI 2023, 4(2), 375-384. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai4020019. Roose, K. (2022, September 02). An A.I.-Generated Picture Won an Art Prize. Artists Aren’t Happy. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/technology/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html. Royle, J. & Laing, A. (2014). The digital marketing skills gap: Developing a Digital Marketer Model for the communication industries. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 34(2), 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.11.008. Salesforce. (2023, September). Top Generative AI Statistics for 2023. https://www.salesforce.com/news/stories/generative-ai-statistics/. Sancar, A. S. (2016). What is Public Relations? An Analysis of Turkish Public Relations Job Advertisements Discourses. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies. https://www.ojcmt.net/download/what-is-public-relations-an-analysis-of-turkish-public-relations-job-advertisements-discourses-5668.pdf. Siddoo, V. & Sawattawee, J. (2020). A Comparative Analysis of Digital Content Marketing Competency in Singapore and Thailand. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/InCIT50588.2020.9310779. Similarweb. (2023). Website traffic for LinkedIn.com, Indeed.com, and Glassdoor.com. https://www.similarweb.com/. Smart Insights (2023, March 24). The Content Marketing Matrix. https://www.smartinsights.com/content-management/content-marketing-strategy/the-content-marketing-matrix-new-infographic/ Smith, A. (2022, October 3). How digital content creators are reshaping brand strategies. Sproutsocial. https://sproutsocial.com/insights/digital-content-creators/. Sodhi, MS & Son, B-G. (2010). Content analysis of OR job advertisements to infer required skills. Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 61, 1315-1327. Doi:10.1057/jors.2009.80 Stadler, C. & Reeves, M. (2023, March 2). Chatting About Strategy. BCG Henderson Institute. https://bcghendersoninstitute.com/chatting-about-strategy/. Stasik, S. & Vrbat, P. (2022, May 26). What is a content creator?. SODP. https://www.stateofdigitalpublishing.com/content-strategy/what-is-a-content-creator/. Su, J. & Yang, W. (2023). Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT: A Framework for Applying Generative AI in Education. ECNU Review of Education, 1-12. DOI: 10.1177/20965311231168423 Survey Money. (2023). Sample size calculator. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/sample-size-calculator/. Tamara. (2023, June 29). HR and recruitment statistics in 2023: numbers, trends and insights. Job search and recruiting process. On Hires. https://www.onhires.com/blog-post/hr-and-recruitment-statistics-job-search-and-recruiting-process U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022, September 8). Occupational Outlook Handbook. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/. Veitch, P. (2023, April 6). Generative AI: Empowering Project Managers in Software Development. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/generative-ai-empowering-project-managers-software-paul-veitch/. Vieira, D.A., Meirinhos, V., Ardions, A., Araújo, M.S. & Carvalho, P. (2019). Soft skills list and Mind map. ULISSE IO2 Soft Skills Report 2. ULISSE Project. https://ulisseproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/ULISSE_Soft_Skills_MindMap_IO2.pdf Verma, A., Frank, P. & Lamsal, K. (2021). An exploratory study of skill requirements for social media positions: A content analysis of job advertisements. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2106.11040. Verma S., Sharma, R., Deb, S. & Maitra, D. (2021). Artificial intelligence in marketing: Systematic review and future research direction. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2020.100002 WARC. (2023). WARC Creative Ranking 100 by countries. https://www.warc.com/creative/rankings/creative-100 Webb, M. (2020). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Labor Market. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3482150. WEF. (2023). Future of Jobs Report 2023. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023/ Wenger, D. & Owens, L. C. (2013). An Examination of Job Skills Required by Top U.S. Broadcast News Companies and Potential Impact on Journalism Curricula. Electronic News, 7(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243113484314. Wenger, D. H., Owens, L. C. & Cain, J. (2018). Help Wanted: Realigning Journalism Education to Meet the Needs of Top U.S. News Companies. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, Vol. 73(1), 18-36. West, C. (2022, January 6). Digital creators vs. influencers: What’s the difference?. Sprout Social. https://sproutsocial.com/insights/digital-creators-vs-influencers/. Wiles, J. (2023, January 26). Beyond ChatGPT: The Future of Generative AI for Enterprises. Gartner. https://www.gartner.com/en/articles/beyond-chatgpt-the-future-of-generative-ai-for-enterprises. Wolfe, A. (2020). Demystifying journalist job titles: A glossary for PR pros. Muck Rack. https://muckrack.com/blog/2020/10/07/journalist-job-titles-glossary Wu, Y., Mou, Y., Li, Z. & Xu, K. (2020). Investigating American and Chinese Subjects’ explicit and implicit perceptions of AI-Generated artistic work. Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.106186. Zarifhonarvar, A. (2023). Economics of ChatGPT: A Labor Market View on the Occupational Impact of Artificial Intelligence. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4350925 Zhang, Y. & Gosline, R. (2023). Human Favoritism, Not AI Aversion: People’s Perceptions (and Bias) Toward Generative AI, Human Experts, and Human-GAI Collaboration in Persuasive Content Generation. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4453958. Zhang, C., Zhang, C., Zhang, M., Kweon, I. S. (2023). Text-to-image Diffusion Models in Generative AI: A Survey. Journal of Latex Class Files, vol. 14, no. 8, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.07909. Zhou, M., Abhishek, V. & Srinivasan, K. (2023). Bias in Generative AI (Work in Progress). Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/ales/cib/bias_in_gen_ai.pdf Zierock, B. (2023). ChatGPT and content creation automation. Researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367559645_ChatGPT_and_content_creation_automation Zippia. (2023). Content creator overview. https://www.zippia.com/content-creator-jobs/zh_TW