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題名 臺韓獨立書店營運策略與政府輔導政策之比較
Comparison of Business Strategies and Government Support Policies for Independent Bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea作者 王馨鎂
Wang, Hsin-Mei貢獻者 郭秋雯
Kuo, Chiu-Wen
王馨鎂
Wang, Hsin-Mei關鍵詞 地域書店
獨立書店
複合文化空間
獨立書店政策
地域書店政策
Regional Bookstores
Independent Bookstores
Multifaceted Cultural Spaces
Independent Bookstore Policies
Regional Bookstore Policies日期 2023 上傳時間 2-一月-2024 15:34:25 (UTC+8) 摘要 獨立書店是小眾文化的一種體現,同時也是社會多元文化的發聲管道。進入2000年以後,臺韓兩國的獨立書店,不僅需要與大型連鎖書店、網路書店、電商平台等販售通路互相競爭,且需要在閱讀風氣低落的環境中維持營運。相較於臺灣獨立書店面臨的倒閉潮,韓國在大環境同樣受到衝擊的情況下,獨立書店的開設總數卻逐年增加,這樣的情形值得深究。本論文旨在比較臺韓獨立書店發展歷程及社會角色,及臺韓獨立書店傳統經營課題及營運策略,並探究臺韓政府針對獨立書店的輔導政策及輔導角色為何。 本論文第一章節介紹臺韓相關文獻及兩國獨立書店的定義。從第一章可以得知韓國獨立書店的發展趨勢,以轉型成複合文化空間為主,以提供文化體驗來維繫主要顧客群的顧客關係。臺灣的獨立書店則更著重獨立書店與在地社區的文化互動,政府推動獨立書店作為社區微型文化中心。其核心內容與韓國地域書店的「複合文化空間」功能相似,涵蓋文化交流、教育創作、社群網絡等功能。 第二章討論臺韓獨立書店發展歷程及社會角色。總體來說,韓國及臺灣的獨立書店社會角色差異不大,都具備社會運動基地、深耕地方文化、小農友善的特質。 第三章探討臺韓獨立書店的傳統課題與營運策略。目前臺韓共同的傳統課題包含:議價能力低、訂購及物流問題,以及閱讀型態改變。臺灣還有折扣戰及穩定客源不足等問題。針對現有課題,韓國因應策略如下:討論固定供給率、建構「書店ON」平台、建構獨立書店地圖、轉型成複合文化空間、販售二手書,及改以無人書店方式經營;臺灣的因應策略則包含:串聯獨立書店、轉型成複合文化空間、流通二手書、以無人書店方式經營,以及設立獨書獎。 第四章探討的是臺韓現行獨立書店輔導政策的內容,包含四個部分:書店優惠政策、圖書定價制、獨立書店營運輔導政策,以及臺韓的獨立書店相關活動。 韓國給予獨立書店的優惠措施包括:免除附加價值稅、施行文化費用所得及文化招待費減免制、降低地域書店之信用卡手續費、發行文化興隆卡等等。臺灣則是減免獨立書店之營業稅及娛樂稅,以及施行文化幣政策。 圖書定價制方面,韓國自2003年後開始實施圖書定價制,臺灣則尚未實施。 另外,關於兩國政府的獨立書店營運輔導政策,韓國方面提出的政策有:地域書店認證制、生活文化設施認證制、優先購買制、文化舍廊房,以及希望圖書制度。 臺灣政府則是補助台灣獨立書店文化協會辦理書店學堂。並以創業第一桶金、優惠貸款、推動實體書店發展補助作業要點,給予獨立書店人事、租金上的優惠。 至於兩國獨立書店的獨立書店相關活動,雖非都以獨立書店為主體,不過都能直接或間接推廣獨立書店。韓國方面的相關活動有:書店日、深夜書房、鬼怪書店及青少年圖書兌換券。臺灣則包含:國際書展、保安林書市集、城市博覽會,以及在圖書館引進獨立書店等等。 最後根據研究結果,本論文提出以縣市為單位擬定獨立書店發展策略、評估實施優先購買制及希望圖書制度實施可能性、定期實施獨立書店調查統計、改善獨立書店檢索網站、持續深化獨立書店與圖書館的合作…等5點建議以供參考。
Independent bookstores are a manifestation of niche subcultures and serve as channels for the expression of diverse societal views and opinions. Post-2000, independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea have encountered challenges in competing with large-scale chain bookstores, online book retailers, and e-commerce platforms while operating within a general environment of declining reading culture. Despite both countries being impacted by adverse circumstances, Taiwan has witnessed a wave of closures among independent bookstores, whereas South Korea has seen a gradual revival in their numbers, which warrants further investigation as to its possible causes. This paper aims to compare the developmental trajectories and societal roles of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea, and seeks to explore the traditional operational challenges, strategies for sustainability, and governmental interventions and roles in supporting independent bookstores in both countries. The first chapter covers the relevant literature pertaining to Taiwan and South Korea, along with the definition of independent bookstores in both countries. From this initial chapter, it is evident that the development trajectory of independent bookstores in South Korea primarily revolves around transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, aiming to sustain customer relations by offering profound and engaging cultural experiences. Conversely, independent bookstores in Taiwan place greater emphasis on cultural interactions within local communities, with governmental support directed toward positioning independent bookstores as “micro-cultural” centers within communities. The core essence of these endeavors in Taiwan mirrors the functionality of South Korean regional bookstores as “multifaceted cultural spaces,” encompassing functionalities such as cultural exchange, educational creativity, and social networking. The second chapter delves into the developmental trajectories and societal roles of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea. Generally, there exists minimal disparity in the societal roles of independent bookstores between South Korea and Taiwan. Both exhibit characteristics of serving as bases for social movements, cultivating local cultural heritage, and fostering a friendly environment for smallholder farming endeavors. The third chapter explores conventional issues and operational strategies of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea. Presently, shared conventional issues in both regions encompass low bargaining power, challenges related to ordering goods and logistics, as well as shifts in reading habits. Taiwan additionally grapples with problems such as price wars and stability of customer bases that are less than ideal. In response to these prevailing challenges, South Korea has implemented the following strategies: discussing fixed supply rates, establishing the “Bookstore ON” platform, creating an independent bookstore landscape map, transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, selling second-hand books, and adopting unmanned bookstore operations. Conversely, Taiwan’s strategies include connecting independent bookstores into alliances, transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, facilitating the circulation of second-hand books, implementing unmanned bookstore operations, and establishing Dushu awards (independent bookstore awards). The fourth chapter investigates the current contents of the support policies for independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea, comprising four main sections: bookstore preferential policies, fixed book price agreement, operational support policies for independent bookstores, and independent bookstore-related activities in Taiwan and South Korea. The South Korean government has extended various preferential policies to independent bookstores, encompassing exemptions from value-added tax, implementation of reductions or exemptions in cultural expense-related income and cultural hospitality expenses, reductions in credit card transaction fees for regional bookstores, issuance of cultural revival cards, and more. On the other hand, Taiwan provides reductions or exemptions in business and entertainment taxes for independent bookstores, along with the implementation of Cultural Points policies. In terms of fixed book price agreement, South Korea initiated the implementation of such regulations since 2003, whereas Taiwan has yet to adopt similar measures. Furthermore, concerning the operational support policies for independent bookstores by both governments, South Korea has proposed policies such as regional bookstore certification systems, life and culture facility certifications, priority purchase systems, cultural sarangbangs, and the Desired Books systems. The Taiwanese government, in contrast, subsidizes the Taiwan Association for Independent Bookshop Culture to facilitate the operation of the Independent Bookstore Academy. Additionally, it provides initial capital for entrepreneurship, favorable loan conditions, and subsidies aimed at promoting the development of physical bookstores. These initiatives include offering personnel and rent-related incentives to independent bookstores. As for independent bookstore-related activities in both countries, while not exclusively centered on independent bookstores, these events directly or indirectly promote the independent bookstore culture. In South Korea, relevant campaigns include Bookstore Day, late-night bookstores, pop-up bookstores, and youth book exchange vouchers. Meanwhile, in Taiwan, these activities encompass international book fairs, the Baoan Forest Book Fair, and city expos, as well as introducing independent bookstores within public libraries and other venues. Based on the research findings, this paper recommends the following five points for consideration: 1. Develop independent bookstore development strategies on a county or city basis; 2. Evaluate the feasibility of implementing priority purchase systems and the Desired Book System; 3. Periodically conduct independent bookstore surveys for assessment and statistical purposes; 4. Enhance the functionality of independent bookstore retrieval websites. 5. Continuously deepen collaboration between independent bookstores and libraries.參考文獻 1. 韓文參考文獻 강민정(2018), 「독립서점의 운영방안에 관한 연구 -문화예술을 통한 마케팅을 중심으로」, 동국대학교, 석사논문. 고영선˙허철무(2020), 「복합문화공간의 기능이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향」, 『디지털융복합연구』 제18권 제7호, 한국디지털정책학회. 구동연, 유승호 (2020), 「독립서점의 가치적 전환에 관한 연구- 2010년대를 중심으로」, 『문화경제연구』 제23권 제2호, 한국문화경제학회. 구선아, 장원호(2018), 「독립출판 증가현상의 사회적·심리적 요인」,『지역사회학 』제19권 제1호, 지역사회학회. 권현지(2019), 『복합문화공간으로서의 동네책방 중심 성인 북클럽 연구』, 동아대학교, 석사논문. 글로벌알앤씨(2021), 『지역서점 실태조사 추진을 위한 기초 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 금융위원회(2023), 『2023년 상반기 영세·중소신용카드가맹점 선정 결과 및2022년 하반기 신규 신용카드가맹점에 대한 수수료 환급』, 금융위원회. 김민지(2020), 『미디어생태학적 관점에서 본 독립서점에 관한 연구 : 매클루언의 테트라드 모델을 중심으로』, 전북대학교, 석사논문. 김효선(2014), 「지역서점의 분화 특성 및 커뮤니티 공간으로써의 역할에 대한 분석 연구」, 서울市立大學校, 석사논문. 노미령(2020), 「독립서점 활성화 방안 연구 - 광주광역시를 중심으로 -」, 전남대학교, 석사논문. 대한인쇄문화협회(2006), 「근대식 서점, 가오개혁과 함꼐 등장」, 『프린팅코리아』 제44권, 대한인쇄문화협회. 대한출판문화협회(2020), 『 2019년 출판시장통계』, 대한출판문화협회. _______(2020),「도서공급률의 현황과 쟁점」, 『출판문화』2020년7월호 통권654,대한인쇄문화협회. 동네서점(2020), 『모여봐요, 동네책방 문화사랑방』, 지역문화진흥원. 마상진·박대식·박시현등(2015), 「귀농·귀촌 시기별 귀농·귀촌 과정 및 경제·지역사회활동 실태 변화 분석」, 『農業敎育과 人的資源開發』제47권 제2호, 한국농촌경제연구원. 문화체육관광부(2012), 『도서구입비 세제감면 방안 연구』, 문화체육관광부. _______(2020), 『‘문화가 있는 날 기획사업’, 어디로, 어떻게 가야 하는가?자료집』, 문화채육관광부. 박성호(2019), 「전북지역 독립문화 콘텐츠의 특성 연구」, 원광대학교, 바사논문. ____(2021), 「지역출판문화와 전북지역 동네책방의 역할」, 『차세대융합기술학회논문지』 제5권 제1호, 국제차세대융합기술학회. 박찬수(2018), 「한 일 출판유통 시스템이 지역서점 활성화에 미치는 영향」, 『인문콘텐츠』제50호, 인문콘텐츠학회. 브로드컬리 편집부(2018), 『서울의 3년 이하 서점들: 솔직히 책이 정말 팔릴 거라 생각했나?』, 브로드컬리. 서수경 (2019) ,「에코붐세대의 독립출판문화 소비에 관한 연구」, 홍익대학교, 석사논문. 서승우(2021), 「소비트렌드 변화에 따른 지역서점의 발전방안 연구 : 전라북도 도·내외 지역서점 사례를 중심으로」, 전북대학교 경영대학원, 석사학위논문. 송하원(2017), 「제3서점의 내부 동학에 관한 연구-<퇴근길 책한잔> 사례를 중심으로-」, 성공회대학교, 석사논문. 신종락(2020), 「지역 소형서점 유통의 문제점과 개선 방안 연구」,『한국출판학연구』제46권 제5호, 한국출판학회. 이수진˙오재호˙조성한(2017), 「경기도 지역서점 실태조사 및 발전방안 연구」, 『정책연구』50권, 경기연구원. 이용관(2022), 「지역서점 진흥정책 효과 분석*- 지역서점 진흥조례와 우선구매제도를 중심으로 -」, 『지역개발연구』제54권, 전남대학교 지역개발연구소. 이유진, 오창섭(2019), 「2016년 이후 독립서점의 차별화 전략」, 『한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집』, 한국디자인학회. 임다은(2020), 「생활문화시설로서 지역서점의 커뮤니티 공간 기능에 관한 연구」, 추계예술대학교, 석사논문. 정원옥(2021), 「2019~2020년 도서정가제 논란의 쟁점과 함의」, 『문화과학』, 제104호, 문화과학사. 정윤희(2019), 「책문화생태계 관점에서의 출판정책, 도서관정책, 독서정책 비교 연구」, 『문화콘텐츠연구』 제15호, 건국대학교 글로컬문화전략연구소. 한국서점조합연합회(2019),『경기도 지역서점 실태조사 및 발전방안 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. _________(2019), 『지역서점 현황조사 및 진흥정책 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 한국출판문화산업진흥원(2016), 「개정 도서정가제 영향 평가 및 향후 방향 연구 보고서」, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. ___________(2018), 『2018 출판산업실태조사』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 한상헌(2018), 『대전 독립서점의 문화공동체적 역할과 활성화 방안 연구』, 대전세종연구원. 한주리˙김동혁(2016), 「지역서점 활성화와 지역출판의 연계 가능성에 관한 연구」, 『한국출판학연구』 제42권 제4호, 한국출판학회. 홍지연 (2019), 「독립서점의 복합문화공간으로서의 활성화 방안 역구」, 중앙대학교, 석사논문. 2. 中文參考文獻 文化部,2017,《104年臺灣出版產業調查報告》,臺北,文化部。 ____,2019,《106年臺灣出版產業調查報告-上冊》,臺北,文化部。 ____,2020,《文化部中程施政計畫(106至109年度)》,臺北,文化部。 文化內容策進院,2021,《台灣文化內容產業調查報告 . 2020. I, 圖書、雜 誌、漫畫、原創圖像產業》,臺北,文化內容策進院。 ________,2022,《台灣文化內容產業調查報告 . 2021. I, 圖書、雜 誌、漫畫、原創圖像產業》,臺北,文化內容策進院。 王心妤,2018,《獨立書店之價值與實踐:服務主導邏輯觀點》,碩士論文,輔仁大學。 王乾仁,2018,〈鳥瞰戰後臺灣出版產業變遷:從出版社、經銷發行到書店通路的變化〉,《臺灣出版與閱讀》107年第3期,國家圖書館。 台灣獨立書店文化協會,2014,《聽見書店的聲音Vol.01》,臺中市,台灣獨立書店文化協會。 ____________________,2016,《台灣書店歷史漫步》,臺中市,台灣獨立書店文化協會。 石芳瑜,2015,《就這樣開了一家書店:永楽座的故事》,臺北市,二魚文化。 有限責任台灣友善書業供給合作社,2018,《107年度文化部補助辦理常態性文化論壇計畫──新書售價規範‧公民聚焦論壇》。 吳惠斐,2012,《書店作為一個文化/社會行動的基地:嘉義市洪雅書房/文化協會的行動與限制》,碩士論文,國立中正大學。 呂慈芸,2020,《從個體到地方公共生活的獨立書店: 「嘉義書式生活」的文化政治》,碩士論文,國立中正大學。 李令儀,2015,《文化與商業的雙重邏輯:台灣圖書出版產業的發展與變遷》,博士論文,國立臺灣大學。 李光祥,1998,〈現代連鎖書店的經營策略與傳統獨立書店的因應之道〉,《行政院新聞局中華民國八十七年出版年鑑 》,臺北,行政院新聞局。 李宜芳,2021,〈一件很小很美的事—以新手書店為例兼論獨立書店職人的掙扎與期盼〉,《臺灣出版與閱讀》110年第3期,國家圖書館。 汪世旭,2015,《獨立書店核心能耐與管理機會方格之建構-以羅布森書蟲房為例》,碩士論文,國立中興大學。 沈威廷,2016,《臺灣獨立書店之魅力因子》,碩士論文,大同大學。 岳造宇,2014,《從顧客關係管理探討虛擬社群結合大數據趨勢之研究》,碩士論文,淡江大學國際企業學系。 林宛婷,2015,《臺灣獨立書店作為文化公共領域實踐場域:傳統書院精神的當代轉型》,碩士論文,國立臺灣藝術大學。 林宛萱,2019,《獨立書店小旅行:公民消費與空間體驗》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 林武憲,2015,〈獨立書店的故事風景與聲音:從《聽見書店的聲音》到《書叢中的微光》〉,《全國新書資訊月刊》196期,國家圖書館。 林芳玫,2006,《解讀瓊瑤愛情王國》,臺北市,臺灣商務。 林雅莉,1999,〈非營利組織之募款策略〉,《第三部門: 經營策略與社會參與》,臺北市,智勝文化。 虹風,2017,《開店指「難」:第一次開獨立書店就□□ 》,小小書房,新北市。 高翊展,2017,〈台灣獨立書店文化協會關於臺北國際書展的二三事:書展中的書店,從展場到空間〉,《全國新書資訊月刊》民國 106 年 1 月號第 217 期。 高翊偉,2018,《獨立書店的文創意象、經營特色與社會角色之分析-以虎尾厝沙龍為例》,碩士論文,國立雲林科技大學。 國家圖書館,2021,《110年臺灣圖書出版現況及趨勢報告》,臺北市,國家圖書館。 張軒寧,2009,《獨立書店經營者的生存心態和經營》,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學。 許育典,2006,《文化憲法與文化國》,元照出版,臺北市。 郭怡青,2014,《書店本事—在地圖上閃耀的閱讀星空》,臺北市,遠流出版。 陳文姬ㆍ吳冠婷,2021,〈屏東市獨立書店「繫。本屋」經營模式之研究〉,《發展與前瞻學報》第31期,社團法人台灣對外關係研究暨發展協會。 陳可欣,2005,《重慶南路書店街之變遷研究》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 陳禹伶,2015,《二手書業文化地景的變遷與場所精神的建構─當代臺北溫羅汀與東京神保町地區的比較》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 揭陽,2005,〈誠品知性革命,延伸書市空間〉,《TaiwanNews 財經‧文化周刊》,第191期。 游乃方,2019,《台灣獨立書店發展與文化行動之研究(2013-2018)》,碩士論文,國立東華大學。 賀秋白ㆍ蘇峻弘ㆍ詹書麟,2010,〈獨立書店的商業模式與契機-以公館溫羅汀文化圈為例〉,《圖文傳播藝術學報》,國立臺灣藝術大學。 黃于珊,2019,《從憲法基本原則論我國獨立書店發展扶助機制》,碩士論文,國立臺北教育大學。 黃威傑,2000,《城市文事空間的流變─台北書店空間形貌轉化之探討》,碩士論文,東海大學建築學系研究所。 葉家豪,2016,《在地獨立書店之文化角色與網絡關係》,碩士論文,國立中原大學。 詹宏志,1989,《城市觀察》,臺北市,遠流出版。 趙曉慧,2002,《打造性別認同的基地: 解讀女性主義書店「女書店」之空間意義》,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學。 蔡盛琦,2002,〈日治時期臺灣的中文圖書出版業〉,《國家圖書館館刊》91年第2期。 ______,2003,〈新高堂書店:日治時期臺灣最大的書店〉,《國立中央圖書館臺灣分館館刊》第9卷 第4期。 諶淑婷,2013,《專屬孩子的角落 ──台灣獨立兒童書店的經營難題探究》,碩士論文,國立臺東大學。 簡逸君,2012,《台灣「獨立書店」的社群經營之研究》,碩士論文,國立臺北藝術大學。 簡瑞容,2017,《獨立書店的商業模式──以荒野夢二為例》,碩士論文,國立中央大學。 羅惠瓊ㆍ李麗日,2015,〈獨立書店的生存策略與經營特色〉,《區域與社會發展研究》第六期,臺中市,國立臺中教育大學。 譚綸,2017,〈臺灣獨立書店發展現況之初探〉,《中華印刷科技年報》,中華科技印刷學會。 蘇碩斌ㆍ林月先ㆍ高傳棋ㆍ凌宗魁ㆍ鍾淑敏ㆍ徐明瀚,2019,《臺北城中故事--重慶南路街區歷史散步》,臺北市,左岸文化。 3. 網路資源 (1) 韓文網路資源 BCcard文化興隆卡(https://www.bccard.com/app/card/ContentsLinkActn.do?pgm_id=ind0860) Brunchstory(https://brunch.co.kr/@antiegg/17) Channel Yes(https://ch.yes24.com/Article/View/32311) Indiepub(https://indiepub.net/isbn) KoreaLectureNews(https://www.lecturernews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=84865) KoreanMecenatAssociation(https://www.mecenat.or.kr/ko/research/activation2.php) MBC新聞(https://imnews.imbc.com/replay/2016/nwdesk/article/3930907_30244.html) Newspaper(http://www.news-paper.co.kr) Seoul 50 Plus Foundation(https://50plus.or.kr/ssc/detail.do?id=4903806) 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有河書店店主詹正德個人社群專欄(https://medium.com/@book686/如膠似漆還是格格不入-看獨立書店與社區關係-9e04f00655b2) 行政院農業委員會漁業署(https://www.frs.gov.tw/view.php?theme=farm_fish&subtheme=&id=24209) 明日誌(http://www.mottimes.com/cht/interview_detail.php?serial=550) 唐山書店(https://tonsanbookstore.cyberbiz.co/pages/about-us) 時刻旅行(https://tripmoment.com/Trip/19995?fbclid=IwAR39WAt87erF7G2eudfqwYDLXdFdngZgOSDJgtXBY-Qg-dxN0u1hSKA6xP8) 高雄市政府文化局(https://khcc.kcg.gov.tw/ ) 國立公共資訊圖書館(https://www.nlpi.edu.tw/JournalDetailC003313.aspx?Cond=fbcffb5f-24d9-420f-82af-f4282a096a83) 報導者(https://www.twreporter.org/a/bookreview-bookstores-business-model-3) 經濟部中小企業處(https://incubator.moeasmea.gov.tw/success-stories/casestudy/62-2012-06-21-23-50-15/1840-亮點案例-牛欄河微創文化有限公司.html) 實體書店整合協助資源網(https://www.indiebookshop.org/?p=799) 閱讀誌(https://www.openbook.org.tw/article/p-67412) 獨立書店「邊譜」臉書(https://www.facebook.com/bienbooks/posts/893980984751194) 聯合報(https://sdgs.udn.com/sdgs/story/12844/3693732) 關鍵評論(https://www.thenewslens.com/article/35287) 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
韓國語文學系
109557004資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109557004 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郭秋雯 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Kuo, Chiu-Wen en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 王馨鎂 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Wang, Hsin-Mei en_US dc.creator (作者) 王馨鎂 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Wang, Hsin-Mei en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-一月-2024 15:34:25 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-一月-2024 15:34:25 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-一月-2024 15:34:25 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0109557004 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/149058 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 韓國語文學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 109557004 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 獨立書店是小眾文化的一種體現,同時也是社會多元文化的發聲管道。進入2000年以後,臺韓兩國的獨立書店,不僅需要與大型連鎖書店、網路書店、電商平台等販售通路互相競爭,且需要在閱讀風氣低落的環境中維持營運。相較於臺灣獨立書店面臨的倒閉潮,韓國在大環境同樣受到衝擊的情況下,獨立書店的開設總數卻逐年增加,這樣的情形值得深究。本論文旨在比較臺韓獨立書店發展歷程及社會角色,及臺韓獨立書店傳統經營課題及營運策略,並探究臺韓政府針對獨立書店的輔導政策及輔導角色為何。 本論文第一章節介紹臺韓相關文獻及兩國獨立書店的定義。從第一章可以得知韓國獨立書店的發展趨勢,以轉型成複合文化空間為主,以提供文化體驗來維繫主要顧客群的顧客關係。臺灣的獨立書店則更著重獨立書店與在地社區的文化互動,政府推動獨立書店作為社區微型文化中心。其核心內容與韓國地域書店的「複合文化空間」功能相似,涵蓋文化交流、教育創作、社群網絡等功能。 第二章討論臺韓獨立書店發展歷程及社會角色。總體來說,韓國及臺灣的獨立書店社會角色差異不大,都具備社會運動基地、深耕地方文化、小農友善的特質。 第三章探討臺韓獨立書店的傳統課題與營運策略。目前臺韓共同的傳統課題包含:議價能力低、訂購及物流問題,以及閱讀型態改變。臺灣還有折扣戰及穩定客源不足等問題。針對現有課題,韓國因應策略如下:討論固定供給率、建構「書店ON」平台、建構獨立書店地圖、轉型成複合文化空間、販售二手書,及改以無人書店方式經營;臺灣的因應策略則包含:串聯獨立書店、轉型成複合文化空間、流通二手書、以無人書店方式經營,以及設立獨書獎。 第四章探討的是臺韓現行獨立書店輔導政策的內容,包含四個部分:書店優惠政策、圖書定價制、獨立書店營運輔導政策,以及臺韓的獨立書店相關活動。 韓國給予獨立書店的優惠措施包括:免除附加價值稅、施行文化費用所得及文化招待費減免制、降低地域書店之信用卡手續費、發行文化興隆卡等等。臺灣則是減免獨立書店之營業稅及娛樂稅,以及施行文化幣政策。 圖書定價制方面,韓國自2003年後開始實施圖書定價制,臺灣則尚未實施。 另外,關於兩國政府的獨立書店營運輔導政策,韓國方面提出的政策有:地域書店認證制、生活文化設施認證制、優先購買制、文化舍廊房,以及希望圖書制度。 臺灣政府則是補助台灣獨立書店文化協會辦理書店學堂。並以創業第一桶金、優惠貸款、推動實體書店發展補助作業要點,給予獨立書店人事、租金上的優惠。 至於兩國獨立書店的獨立書店相關活動,雖非都以獨立書店為主體,不過都能直接或間接推廣獨立書店。韓國方面的相關活動有:書店日、深夜書房、鬼怪書店及青少年圖書兌換券。臺灣則包含:國際書展、保安林書市集、城市博覽會,以及在圖書館引進獨立書店等等。 最後根據研究結果,本論文提出以縣市為單位擬定獨立書店發展策略、評估實施優先購買制及希望圖書制度實施可能性、定期實施獨立書店調查統計、改善獨立書店檢索網站、持續深化獨立書店與圖書館的合作…等5點建議以供參考。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Independent bookstores are a manifestation of niche subcultures and serve as channels for the expression of diverse societal views and opinions. Post-2000, independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea have encountered challenges in competing with large-scale chain bookstores, online book retailers, and e-commerce platforms while operating within a general environment of declining reading culture. Despite both countries being impacted by adverse circumstances, Taiwan has witnessed a wave of closures among independent bookstores, whereas South Korea has seen a gradual revival in their numbers, which warrants further investigation as to its possible causes. This paper aims to compare the developmental trajectories and societal roles of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea, and seeks to explore the traditional operational challenges, strategies for sustainability, and governmental interventions and roles in supporting independent bookstores in both countries. The first chapter covers the relevant literature pertaining to Taiwan and South Korea, along with the definition of independent bookstores in both countries. From this initial chapter, it is evident that the development trajectory of independent bookstores in South Korea primarily revolves around transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, aiming to sustain customer relations by offering profound and engaging cultural experiences. Conversely, independent bookstores in Taiwan place greater emphasis on cultural interactions within local communities, with governmental support directed toward positioning independent bookstores as “micro-cultural” centers within communities. The core essence of these endeavors in Taiwan mirrors the functionality of South Korean regional bookstores as “multifaceted cultural spaces,” encompassing functionalities such as cultural exchange, educational creativity, and social networking. The second chapter delves into the developmental trajectories and societal roles of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea. Generally, there exists minimal disparity in the societal roles of independent bookstores between South Korea and Taiwan. Both exhibit characteristics of serving as bases for social movements, cultivating local cultural heritage, and fostering a friendly environment for smallholder farming endeavors. The third chapter explores conventional issues and operational strategies of independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea. Presently, shared conventional issues in both regions encompass low bargaining power, challenges related to ordering goods and logistics, as well as shifts in reading habits. Taiwan additionally grapples with problems such as price wars and stability of customer bases that are less than ideal. In response to these prevailing challenges, South Korea has implemented the following strategies: discussing fixed supply rates, establishing the “Bookstore ON” platform, creating an independent bookstore landscape map, transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, selling second-hand books, and adopting unmanned bookstore operations. Conversely, Taiwan’s strategies include connecting independent bookstores into alliances, transitioning into multifaceted cultural spaces, facilitating the circulation of second-hand books, implementing unmanned bookstore operations, and establishing Dushu awards (independent bookstore awards). The fourth chapter investigates the current contents of the support policies for independent bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea, comprising four main sections: bookstore preferential policies, fixed book price agreement, operational support policies for independent bookstores, and independent bookstore-related activities in Taiwan and South Korea. The South Korean government has extended various preferential policies to independent bookstores, encompassing exemptions from value-added tax, implementation of reductions or exemptions in cultural expense-related income and cultural hospitality expenses, reductions in credit card transaction fees for regional bookstores, issuance of cultural revival cards, and more. On the other hand, Taiwan provides reductions or exemptions in business and entertainment taxes for independent bookstores, along with the implementation of Cultural Points policies. In terms of fixed book price agreement, South Korea initiated the implementation of such regulations since 2003, whereas Taiwan has yet to adopt similar measures. Furthermore, concerning the operational support policies for independent bookstores by both governments, South Korea has proposed policies such as regional bookstore certification systems, life and culture facility certifications, priority purchase systems, cultural sarangbangs, and the Desired Books systems. The Taiwanese government, in contrast, subsidizes the Taiwan Association for Independent Bookshop Culture to facilitate the operation of the Independent Bookstore Academy. Additionally, it provides initial capital for entrepreneurship, favorable loan conditions, and subsidies aimed at promoting the development of physical bookstores. These initiatives include offering personnel and rent-related incentives to independent bookstores. As for independent bookstore-related activities in both countries, while not exclusively centered on independent bookstores, these events directly or indirectly promote the independent bookstore culture. In South Korea, relevant campaigns include Bookstore Day, late-night bookstores, pop-up bookstores, and youth book exchange vouchers. Meanwhile, in Taiwan, these activities encompass international book fairs, the Baoan Forest Book Fair, and city expos, as well as introducing independent bookstores within public libraries and other venues. Based on the research findings, this paper recommends the following five points for consideration: 1. Develop independent bookstore development strategies on a county or city basis; 2. Evaluate the feasibility of implementing priority purchase systems and the Desired Book System; 3. Periodically conduct independent bookstore surveys for assessment and statistical purposes; 4. Enhance the functionality of independent bookstore retrieval websites. 5. Continuously deepen collaboration between independent bookstores and libraries. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents I.緒論 p.12 1.研究動機 p.12 2.研究方法 p.14 3.文獻回顧 p.16 3.1韓國 p.16 3.2臺灣 p.26 4.獨立書店的定義 p.33 4.1韓國 p.33 4.2臺灣 p.36 4.3小結 p.39 II.臺韓獨立書店發展歷程及其社會角色 p.40 1.書店產業發展概況 p.40 1.1韓國 p.40 1.2臺灣 p.42 2.獨立書店發展歷程 p.46 2.1韓國 p.46 2.2臺灣 p.48 3.獨立書店的社會角色 p.50 3.1韓國 p.50 3.2臺灣 p.52 3.3小結 p.55 III.臺韓獨立書店之傳統課題與營運策略 p.57 1.獨立書店之傳統課題 p.57 1.1韓國 p.57 1.2臺灣 p.59 2.獨立書店因應課題之營運策略 p.62 2.1韓國 p.62 2.2臺灣 p.68 2.3小結 p.74 IV. 臺韓現行獨立書店輔導政策之比較 p.76 1.書店優惠政策 p.76 1.1韓國 p.76 1.2臺灣 p.80 2.圖書定價制 p.81 2.1韓國 p.82 2.2臺灣 p.84 3.獨立書店營運輔導 p.85 3.1韓國 p.85 3.2臺灣 p.95 4.獨立書店相關活動 p.99 4.1韓國 p.99 4.2臺灣 p.102 4.3小結 p.105 V.結論 p.108 1.總結 p.108 2.研究建議 p.111 3.研究限制與後續期許 p.112 參考文獻 p.113 1.韓文參考文獻 p.113 2.中文參考文獻 p.115 3.網路資源 p.118 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3855073 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109557004 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地域書店 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 獨立書店 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 複合文化空間 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 獨立書店政策 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地域書店政策 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Regional Bookstores en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Independent Bookstores en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Multifaceted Cultural Spaces en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Independent Bookstore Policies en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Regional Bookstore Policies en_US dc.title (題名) 臺韓獨立書店營運策略與政府輔導政策之比較 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Comparison of Business Strategies and Government Support Policies for Independent Bookstores in Taiwan and South Korea en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 韓文參考文獻 강민정(2018), 「독립서점의 운영방안에 관한 연구 -문화예술을 통한 마케팅을 중심으로」, 동국대학교, 석사논문. 고영선˙허철무(2020), 「복합문화공간의 기능이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향」, 『디지털융복합연구』 제18권 제7호, 한국디지털정책학회. 구동연, 유승호 (2020), 「독립서점의 가치적 전환에 관한 연구- 2010년대를 중심으로」, 『문화경제연구』 제23권 제2호, 한국문화경제학회. 구선아, 장원호(2018), 「독립출판 증가현상의 사회적·심리적 요인」,『지역사회학 』제19권 제1호, 지역사회학회. 권현지(2019), 『복합문화공간으로서의 동네책방 중심 성인 북클럽 연구』, 동아대학교, 석사논문. 글로벌알앤씨(2021), 『지역서점 실태조사 추진을 위한 기초 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 금융위원회(2023), 『2023년 상반기 영세·중소신용카드가맹점 선정 결과 및2022년 하반기 신규 신용카드가맹점에 대한 수수료 환급』, 금융위원회. 김민지(2020), 『미디어생태학적 관점에서 본 독립서점에 관한 연구 : 매클루언의 테트라드 모델을 중심으로』, 전북대학교, 석사논문. 김효선(2014), 「지역서점의 분화 특성 및 커뮤니티 공간으로써의 역할에 대한 분석 연구」, 서울市立大學校, 석사논문. 노미령(2020), 「독립서점 활성화 방안 연구 - 광주광역시를 중심으로 -」, 전남대학교, 석사논문. 대한인쇄문화협회(2006), 「근대식 서점, 가오개혁과 함꼐 등장」, 『프린팅코리아』 제44권, 대한인쇄문화협회. 대한출판문화협회(2020), 『 2019년 출판시장통계』, 대한출판문화협회. _______(2020),「도서공급률의 현황과 쟁점」, 『출판문화』2020년7월호 통권654,대한인쇄문화협회. 동네서점(2020), 『모여봐요, 동네책방 문화사랑방』, 지역문화진흥원. 마상진·박대식·박시현등(2015), 「귀농·귀촌 시기별 귀농·귀촌 과정 및 경제·지역사회활동 실태 변화 분석」, 『農業敎育과 人的資源開發』제47권 제2호, 한국농촌경제연구원. 문화체육관광부(2012), 『도서구입비 세제감면 방안 연구』, 문화체육관광부. _______(2020), 『‘문화가 있는 날 기획사업’, 어디로, 어떻게 가야 하는가?자료집』, 문화채육관광부. 박성호(2019), 「전북지역 독립문화 콘텐츠의 특성 연구」, 원광대학교, 바사논문. ____(2021), 「지역출판문화와 전북지역 동네책방의 역할」, 『차세대융합기술학회논문지』 제5권 제1호, 국제차세대융합기술학회. 박찬수(2018), 「한 일 출판유통 시스템이 지역서점 활성화에 미치는 영향」, 『인문콘텐츠』제50호, 인문콘텐츠학회. 브로드컬리 편집부(2018), 『서울의 3년 이하 서점들: 솔직히 책이 정말 팔릴 거라 생각했나?』, 브로드컬리. 서수경 (2019) ,「에코붐세대의 독립출판문화 소비에 관한 연구」, 홍익대학교, 석사논문. 서승우(2021), 「소비트렌드 변화에 따른 지역서점의 발전방안 연구 : 전라북도 도·내외 지역서점 사례를 중심으로」, 전북대학교 경영대학원, 석사학위논문. 송하원(2017), 「제3서점의 내부 동학에 관한 연구-<퇴근길 책한잔> 사례를 중심으로-」, 성공회대학교, 석사논문. 신종락(2020), 「지역 소형서점 유통의 문제점과 개선 방안 연구」,『한국출판학연구』제46권 제5호, 한국출판학회. 이수진˙오재호˙조성한(2017), 「경기도 지역서점 실태조사 및 발전방안 연구」, 『정책연구』50권, 경기연구원. 이용관(2022), 「지역서점 진흥정책 효과 분석*- 지역서점 진흥조례와 우선구매제도를 중심으로 -」, 『지역개발연구』제54권, 전남대학교 지역개발연구소. 이유진, 오창섭(2019), 「2016년 이후 독립서점의 차별화 전략」, 『한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집』, 한국디자인학회. 임다은(2020), 「생활문화시설로서 지역서점의 커뮤니티 공간 기능에 관한 연구」, 추계예술대학교, 석사논문. 정원옥(2021), 「2019~2020년 도서정가제 논란의 쟁점과 함의」, 『문화과학』, 제104호, 문화과학사. 정윤희(2019), 「책문화생태계 관점에서의 출판정책, 도서관정책, 독서정책 비교 연구」, 『문화콘텐츠연구』 제15호, 건국대학교 글로컬문화전략연구소. 한국서점조합연합회(2019),『경기도 지역서점 실태조사 및 발전방안 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. _________(2019), 『지역서점 현황조사 및 진흥정책 연구』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 한국출판문화산업진흥원(2016), 「개정 도서정가제 영향 평가 및 향후 방향 연구 보고서」, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. ___________(2018), 『2018 출판산업실태조사』, 한국출판문화산업진흥원. 한상헌(2018), 『대전 독립서점의 문화공동체적 역할과 활성화 방안 연구』, 대전세종연구원. 한주리˙김동혁(2016), 「지역서점 활성화와 지역출판의 연계 가능성에 관한 연구」, 『한국출판학연구』 제42권 제4호, 한국출판학회. 홍지연 (2019), 「독립서점의 복합문화공간으로서의 활성화 방안 역구」, 중앙대학교, 석사논문. 2. 中文參考文獻 文化部,2017,《104年臺灣出版產業調查報告》,臺北,文化部。 ____,2019,《106年臺灣出版產業調查報告-上冊》,臺北,文化部。 ____,2020,《文化部中程施政計畫(106至109年度)》,臺北,文化部。 文化內容策進院,2021,《台灣文化內容產業調查報告 . 2020. I, 圖書、雜 誌、漫畫、原創圖像產業》,臺北,文化內容策進院。 ________,2022,《台灣文化內容產業調查報告 . 2021. I, 圖書、雜 誌、漫畫、原創圖像產業》,臺北,文化內容策進院。 王心妤,2018,《獨立書店之價值與實踐:服務主導邏輯觀點》,碩士論文,輔仁大學。 王乾仁,2018,〈鳥瞰戰後臺灣出版產業變遷:從出版社、經銷發行到書店通路的變化〉,《臺灣出版與閱讀》107年第3期,國家圖書館。 台灣獨立書店文化協會,2014,《聽見書店的聲音Vol.01》,臺中市,台灣獨立書店文化協會。 ____________________,2016,《台灣書店歷史漫步》,臺中市,台灣獨立書店文化協會。 石芳瑜,2015,《就這樣開了一家書店:永楽座的故事》,臺北市,二魚文化。 有限責任台灣友善書業供給合作社,2018,《107年度文化部補助辦理常態性文化論壇計畫──新書售價規範‧公民聚焦論壇》。 吳惠斐,2012,《書店作為一個文化/社會行動的基地:嘉義市洪雅書房/文化協會的行動與限制》,碩士論文,國立中正大學。 呂慈芸,2020,《從個體到地方公共生活的獨立書店: 「嘉義書式生活」的文化政治》,碩士論文,國立中正大學。 李令儀,2015,《文化與商業的雙重邏輯:台灣圖書出版產業的發展與變遷》,博士論文,國立臺灣大學。 李光祥,1998,〈現代連鎖書店的經營策略與傳統獨立書店的因應之道〉,《行政院新聞局中華民國八十七年出版年鑑 》,臺北,行政院新聞局。 李宜芳,2021,〈一件很小很美的事—以新手書店為例兼論獨立書店職人的掙扎與期盼〉,《臺灣出版與閱讀》110年第3期,國家圖書館。 汪世旭,2015,《獨立書店核心能耐與管理機會方格之建構-以羅布森書蟲房為例》,碩士論文,國立中興大學。 沈威廷,2016,《臺灣獨立書店之魅力因子》,碩士論文,大同大學。 岳造宇,2014,《從顧客關係管理探討虛擬社群結合大數據趨勢之研究》,碩士論文,淡江大學國際企業學系。 林宛婷,2015,《臺灣獨立書店作為文化公共領域實踐場域:傳統書院精神的當代轉型》,碩士論文,國立臺灣藝術大學。 林宛萱,2019,《獨立書店小旅行:公民消費與空間體驗》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 林武憲,2015,〈獨立書店的故事風景與聲音:從《聽見書店的聲音》到《書叢中的微光》〉,《全國新書資訊月刊》196期,國家圖書館。 林芳玫,2006,《解讀瓊瑤愛情王國》,臺北市,臺灣商務。 林雅莉,1999,〈非營利組織之募款策略〉,《第三部門: 經營策略與社會參與》,臺北市,智勝文化。 虹風,2017,《開店指「難」:第一次開獨立書店就□□ 》,小小書房,新北市。 高翊展,2017,〈台灣獨立書店文化協會關於臺北國際書展的二三事:書展中的書店,從展場到空間〉,《全國新書資訊月刊》民國 106 年 1 月號第 217 期。 高翊偉,2018,《獨立書店的文創意象、經營特色與社會角色之分析-以虎尾厝沙龍為例》,碩士論文,國立雲林科技大學。 國家圖書館,2021,《110年臺灣圖書出版現況及趨勢報告》,臺北市,國家圖書館。 張軒寧,2009,《獨立書店經營者的生存心態和經營》,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學。 許育典,2006,《文化憲法與文化國》,元照出版,臺北市。 郭怡青,2014,《書店本事—在地圖上閃耀的閱讀星空》,臺北市,遠流出版。 陳文姬ㆍ吳冠婷,2021,〈屏東市獨立書店「繫。本屋」經營模式之研究〉,《發展與前瞻學報》第31期,社團法人台灣對外關係研究暨發展協會。 陳可欣,2005,《重慶南路書店街之變遷研究》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 陳禹伶,2015,《二手書業文化地景的變遷與場所精神的建構─當代臺北溫羅汀與東京神保町地區的比較》,碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學。 揭陽,2005,〈誠品知性革命,延伸書市空間〉,《TaiwanNews 財經‧文化周刊》,第191期。 游乃方,2019,《台灣獨立書店發展與文化行動之研究(2013-2018)》,碩士論文,國立東華大學。 賀秋白ㆍ蘇峻弘ㆍ詹書麟,2010,〈獨立書店的商業模式與契機-以公館溫羅汀文化圈為例〉,《圖文傳播藝術學報》,國立臺灣藝術大學。 黃于珊,2019,《從憲法基本原則論我國獨立書店發展扶助機制》,碩士論文,國立臺北教育大學。 黃威傑,2000,《城市文事空間的流變─台北書店空間形貌轉化之探討》,碩士論文,東海大學建築學系研究所。 葉家豪,2016,《在地獨立書店之文化角色與網絡關係》,碩士論文,國立中原大學。 詹宏志,1989,《城市觀察》,臺北市,遠流出版。 趙曉慧,2002,《打造性別認同的基地: 解讀女性主義書店「女書店」之空間意義》,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學。 蔡盛琦,2002,〈日治時期臺灣的中文圖書出版業〉,《國家圖書館館刊》91年第2期。 ______,2003,〈新高堂書店:日治時期臺灣最大的書店〉,《國立中央圖書館臺灣分館館刊》第9卷 第4期。 諶淑婷,2013,《專屬孩子的角落 ──台灣獨立兒童書店的經營難題探究》,碩士論文,國立臺東大學。 簡逸君,2012,《台灣「獨立書店」的社群經營之研究》,碩士論文,國立臺北藝術大學。 簡瑞容,2017,《獨立書店的商業模式──以荒野夢二為例》,碩士論文,國立中央大學。 羅惠瓊ㆍ李麗日,2015,〈獨立書店的生存策略與經營特色〉,《區域與社會發展研究》第六期,臺中市,國立臺中教育大學。 譚綸,2017,〈臺灣獨立書店發展現況之初探〉,《中華印刷科技年報》,中華科技印刷學會。 蘇碩斌ㆍ林月先ㆍ高傳棋ㆍ凌宗魁ㆍ鍾淑敏ㆍ徐明瀚,2019,《臺北城中故事--重慶南路街區歷史散步》,臺北市,左岸文化。 3. 網路資源 (1) 韓文網路資源 BCcard文化興隆卡(https://www.bccard.com/app/card/ContentsLinkActn.do?pgm_id=ind0860) Brunchstory(https://brunch.co.kr/@antiegg/17) Channel Yes(https://ch.yes24.com/Article/View/32311) Indiepub(https://indiepub.net/isbn) KoreaLectureNews(https://www.lecturernews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=84865) KoreanMecenatAssociation(https://www.mecenat.or.kr/ko/research/activation2.php) MBC新聞(https://imnews.imbc.com/replay/2016/nwdesk/article/3930907_30244.html) Newspaper(http://www.news-paper.co.kr) Seoul 50 Plus Foundation(https://50plus.or.kr/ssc/detail.do?id=4903806) SISAIN(https://www.sisain.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=51207) THANKS BOOKS(http://thanksbooks.com) together.kakao(https://together.kakao.com/magazines/472) 建築空間研究院(http://www.aurum.re.kr/Policy/PolicyOffice.aspx?pcode=F09) 京鄉新聞(https://www.khan.co.kr/) 光山區統合圖書館(https://lib.gwangsan.go.kr/main/board/3/7/category0/read/3532?) 國家指標體系(https://www.index.go.kr/unity/potal/indicator/IndexInfo.do?clasCd=10&idxCd=F0164) 國家法令情報中心(https://www.law.go.kr/부가가치세법/제26조) 大邱日報(https://www.idaegu.com/newsView/idg202301300008) 大學之聲In&Out(https://www.unipress.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=3600) 大韓民國政策摘要(https://www.korea.kr/news/reporterView.do?newsId=148830490) 讀書新聞(https://www.readersnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=107916) 獨立書店地圖(https://market.bookshopmap.com/) 東亞商業評論 (dbr.donga.com/article/view/1206/article_no/8433) 文化體育觀光部(https://www.mcst.go.kr/) 文學新聞(http://www.munhaknews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=26319) 文化期刊脈(http://www.themac.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=557) 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韓國出版文化產業振興院(https://www.kpipa.or.kr/info/newsView.do?board_id=1&article_id=136904) 韓國民族文化大百科字典(http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0058089) (2) 中文網路資源 2022城市博覽會官網(https://2022cityexpo.tw/) INSIDE評論(https://www.inside.com.tw/article/21516-momo-book) 上下游新聞(https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/132622/) 小小書房(https://smallbooks.com.tw/2010/09/22/) 中央社(https://www.cna.com.tw/news/acul/202304130020.aspx) 友善書業合作社(https://fribooker.wordpress.com/) 文化內容策進院(https://taiccaissue.taicca.tw/01/02_tw01.html) 文化部(https://newwww.moc.gov.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=167&s=3820) 文化部文化幣官網(https://twcp.moc.gov.tw/prec-u/aboutCp) 文化部出版政策含獨立書店(https://www.moc.gov.tw/information_302_33957.html) 文化部圖書出版品銷售收入免徵營業稅專區(https://www.moc.gov.tw/webarticle_121394.html) 文化部獎補助資訊網(https://grants.moc.gov.tw/) 台灣圖書室(https://zh-tw.facebook.com/taiwanlib/) 台灣獨立書店文化協會(https://www.indiereader.org/archives/271) 甘樂文創:回歸到閱讀的本質,談臺灣友善書業供給合作社(https://www.thecan.com.tw/tw/log/detail/956) 有河書店店主詹正德個人社群專欄(https://medium.com/@book686/如膠似漆還是格格不入-看獨立書店與社區關係-9e04f00655b2) 行政院農業委員會漁業署(https://www.frs.gov.tw/view.php?theme=farm_fish&subtheme=&id=24209) 明日誌(http://www.mottimes.com/cht/interview_detail.php?serial=550) 唐山書店(https://tonsanbookstore.cyberbiz.co/pages/about-us) 時刻旅行(https://tripmoment.com/Trip/19995?fbclid=IwAR39WAt87erF7G2eudfqwYDLXdFdngZgOSDJgtXBY-Qg-dxN0u1hSKA6xP8) 高雄市政府文化局(https://khcc.kcg.gov.tw/ ) 國立公共資訊圖書館(https://www.nlpi.edu.tw/JournalDetailC003313.aspx?Cond=fbcffb5f-24d9-420f-82af-f4282a096a83) 報導者(https://www.twreporter.org/a/bookreview-bookstores-business-model-3) 經濟部中小企業處(https://incubator.moeasmea.gov.tw/success-stories/casestudy/62-2012-06-21-23-50-15/1840-亮點案例-牛欄河微創文化有限公司.html) 實體書店整合協助資源網(https://www.indiebookshop.org/?p=799) 閱讀誌(https://www.openbook.org.tw/article/p-67412) 獨立書店「邊譜」臉書(https://www.facebook.com/bienbooks/posts/893980984751194) 聯合報(https://sdgs.udn.com/sdgs/story/12844/3693732) 關鍵評論(https://www.thenewslens.com/article/35287) zh_TW