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題名 遠距辦公模式對住宅市場之影響
The Impact of Working from Home on the Housing Market作者 林俞均
Lin, Yu-Chun貢獻者 林左裕
Lin, Tso-Yu
林俞均
Lin, Yu-Chun關鍵詞 遠距辦公
房價
特徵價格法
複迴歸模型
空間迴歸模型
Work from home
Housing price
Hedonic price method
Multiple regression model
Spatial regression model日期 2023 上傳時間 1-Mar-2024 13:58:14 (UTC+8) 摘要 隨著2020年COVID-19疫情的大流行，以及科技進步和網路普及化，促使遠距辦公的廣泛實施，並可能成為未來重要的工作模式選擇之一。這種趨勢將可能為住宅市場帶來不同面向之影響，故本研究旨在透過實證分析的方式，釐清遠距辦公模式所帶來的變化，研究面向包括人們對住宅區位選擇的改變，對住宅特徵的偏好轉變，以及疫情不同時間段的選擇變化。 本研究使用美國紐約都會區範圍內之住宅重複交易資料，並以特徵價格理論為基礎，使用複迴歸及空間迴歸的分析方法，探討遠距辦公實施後住宅市場之變化趨勢。實證結果顯示，人們在選擇住宅區位時傾向遠離市中心商業區，並且這種趨勢隨著時間愈趨明顯。此外，透過空間分析發現，在紐約都會區，位於市中心和市郊交界區，距離中心商業區大眾運輸車程約一小時到一個半小時的地區，成為相對熱門的選擇地點。在住宅特徵偏好方面，研究結果顯示人們偏好擁有更多的房間數，即傾向有更多的空間區隔，以區分更多的居家活動。另外，對於交通可及性的需求呈現下降的趨勢，可能是由於前往市中心實體上班的頻率減低之緣故。總體而言，本研究結果表明遠距辦公對住宅市場造成區位及特徵偏好的改變。
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has led to widespread adoption of remote work, which is supported by advancements in technology and improved internet access. This shift towards remote work has significant implications for the housing market. This study aims to examine the effects of remote work on residential location preferences, housing feature preferences, and decision-making patterns during different stages of the pandemic. Using residential repeat transaction data from the New York metropolitan area, this study applies the hedonic price theory and utilizes multiple regression and spatial regression analysis techniques to uncover housing market dynamics following the implementation of remote work. The findings indicate a noticeable trend of individuals choosing residential locations further away from central business districts, with this preference becoming more pronounced over time. Areas located at the periphery of downtown and suburban regions, with a travel time of approximately one to one and a half hours from the central business district, have emerged as relatively popular choices. Regarding housing preferences, the study reveals a desire for larger numbers of rooms and bathroom facilities, reflecting a need for increased spatial separation to accommodate various home-based activities. Additionally, there is a notable decrease in the demand for transportation accessibility, which is likely due to less frequent commutes to downtown areas for work. Overall, this research highlights the transformative impact of remote work on residential location preferences and housing feature preferences in the housing market.參考文獻 一、中文參考文獻 林秋瑾、黃佩玲，1995，「住宅價格與總體經濟變數關係之研究-以向量自我迴歸模式(VAR)進行實證」，『國立政治大學學報』，71(下) 民84.10：143-159。 陳明吉，1989，「房地產價格及其變動因素之研究」，國立政治大學地政研究所碩士論文：台北。 張金鶚、王健安、林秋瑾，1997，「房地產景氣與總體經濟景氣於時間上領先、同時、落後關係之探討」，『人文及社會科學研究彙刊』，7(1)：35-56。 彭建文、張金鶚，2000，「總體經濟對房地產景氣影響之研究」，『國家科學委員會研究彙刊:人文及社會科學』，10(3)：330-343。 二、外文參考文獻 Adams, Z. and Füss, R., 2010, “Macroeconomic determinants of international housing markets”, Journal of Housing Economics, 19(1): 38-50. Adobati, F., and Debernardi, A., 2022, “The breath of the metropolis: Smart working and new urban geographies”, Sustainability, 14(2): 1028. Ahrend, R., Bétin, M., Caldas, M. P., Cournède, B., Ramirez, M. D., Pionnier, P.-A., Sanchez-Serra, D., Veneri, P. and Ziemann, V., 2022, “Changes in the geography housing demand after the onset of COVID-19: First results from large metropolitan areas in 13 OECD countries”,OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 1713. Allen, T. D., Golden, T. D., and Shockley, K. M., 2015, “How effective is telecommuting? Assessing the status of our scientific findings”, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16(2): 40-68. Alonso, W., 1964, Location and land use, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Anselin, L., 2005, Exploring spatial data with GeoDaTM: a workbook, California : Center for spatially integrated social science. Barrero, J. M., Bloom, N. and Davis, S. J., 2021, “Why working from home will stick”, NBER Working Paper, No. w28731, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. Brynjolfsson, E., Horton, J. J., Ozimek, A., Rock, D., Sharma, G., and TuYe, H.-Y., 2020, “COVID-19 and remote work: An early look at US data”, NBER Working Paper, No. w27344, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. Chen, T. and Harding, J. P., 2016, “Changing tastes: Estimating changing attribute prices in hedonic and repeat sales models”, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 52(2): 141-175. D'Lima, W., Lopez, L. A. and Pradhan, A., 2022, “COVID‐19 and housing market effects: Evidence from US shutdown orders”, Real Estate Economics, 50(2): 303-339. Dadashpoor, H. and Yousefi, Z., 2018, “Centralization or decentralization? A review on the effects of information and communication technology on urban spatial structure”, Cities, 78: 194-205. De Beer, A. and Blanc, G., 1985, Le travail à distance: perspectives et enjeux: une synthèse documentaire, Paris: Association internationale Futuribles. Delventhal, M. and Parkhomenko, A., 2020, “Spatial implications of telecommuting”. SSRN, 3746555. Delventhal, M. J., Kwon, E. and Parkhomenko, A., 2022, “JUE Insight: How do cities change when we work from home?”, Journal of Urban Economics, 127: 103331. Dimartino, V. and Wirth, L., 1990, “Telework: A new way of working and living”, International Labour Review, 129(5): 529-554. Dingel, J. I. and Neiman, B., 2020, “How many jobs can be done at home? ”, Journal of Public Economics, 189: 104235. Doling, J. and Arundel, R., 2022, “The home as workplace: a challenge for housing research”, Housing, theory and society, 39(1): 1-20. Florida, R., Rodríguez-Pose, A. and Storper, M., 2021, “Cities in a post-COVID world”, Urban Studies, 0(0). Gupta, A., Mittal, V., Peeters, J. and Van Nieuwerburgh, S., 2022, “Flattening the curve: pandemic-induced revaluation of urban real estate”, Journal of Financial Economics, 146(2): 594-636. Habib, M. A. and Anik, M. A. H., 2021, “Examining the long term impacts of COVID-19 using an integrated transport and land-use modelling system”, International Journal of Urban Sciences, 25(3): 323-346. Hotopp, U., 2002, “Teleworking in the UK”, Labour market trends, 110(6): 311-318. Jacoby, S. and Alonso, L., 2022, “Home use and experience during COVID-19 in London: Problems of housing quality and design”, Sustainability, 14(9): 5355. Kang, B., Won, J. and Kim, E. J., 2021, “COVID-19 impact on residential preferences in the early-stage outbreak in South Korea”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21): 11207. Kocur-Bera, K., 2022, “Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic era on residential property features: Pilot studies in Poland”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9): 5665. Lancaster, K. J., 1966, “A new approach to consumer theory”, Journal of political economy, 74(2): 132-157. Lennox, J., 2020, More working from home will change the shape and size of cities, Melbourne: Centre of Policy Studies. Li, X., & Zhang, C., 2021, “Did the COVID-19 pandemic crisis affect housing prices evenly in the US?”, Sustainability, 13(21): 12277. Liu, S. T. and Su, Y. C., 2021, “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the demand for density: Evidence from the US housing market”, Economics Letters, 207: 110010. Macias, L. H., Ravalet, E. and Rerat, P., 2022, “Potential rebound effects of teleworking on residential and daily mobility”, Geography Compass, 16(9): e12657. Makimoto, T. and Manners, D., 1997, Digital nomad, New Jersey: Wiley. Mateyka, P. J., Rapino, M. and Landivar, L. C., 2012, Home-based workers in the United States: 2010, Suitland: US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau. Messenger, J. C. and Gschwind, L., 2016, “Three generations of telework: New ICTs and the (R)evolution from home office to virtual office”, New Technology Work and Employment, 31(3): 195-208. Mills, E. S., 1967, “An aggregative model of resource allocation in a metropolitan area”, The American Economic Review, 57(2): 197-210. Moeckel, R., 2017, “Working from home: Modeling the impact of telework on transportation and land use”, Transportation Research Procedia, 26: 207-214. Mokhtarian, P. L., 1991, “Defining telecommuting”, Transportation Research Record, 1305: 273-281. Muhammad, S., Ottens, H. F. L., Ettema, D. and de Jong, T., 2007, “Telecommuting and residential locational preferences: a case study of the Netherlands”, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 22(4): 339-358. Muth, R. F., 1969, Cities and housing: The spatial pattern of urban residential land use, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Nilles, J. M., 1976, Telecommunications-transportation tradeoff: Options for tomorrow, New Jersey: Wiley. Nilles, J. M., 1991, “Telecommuting and urban sprawl: mitigator or inciter?”, Transportation, 18(4): 411-432. Ramani, A. and Bloom, N., 2021, “The donut effect of COVID-19 on cities”, NBER Working Paper, No. w28876, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. South Coast Air Quality Management District, 1987, “Regulation XV: Trip Reduction/Indirect Source” In South Coast AQMD Rule Book, https://www.aqmd.gov/home/rules-compliance/rules/scaqmd-rule-book. Rhee, H.-J., 2009, “Telecommuting and urban sprawl”, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 14(7): 453-460. Rosen, S., 1974, “Hedonic prices and implicit markets: product differentiation in pure competition”, Journal of political economy, 82(1): 34-55. Sirmans, S., Macpherson, D. and Zietz, E., 2005, “The composition of hedonic pricing models”, Journal of real estate literature, 13(1): 1-44. U.S. Census Bureau, 2021, “American community survey 1-year estimates” In Census Reporter Profile, http://censusreporter.org/profiles/31000US35620-new-york-newark-jersey-city-ny-nj-pa-metro-area/ (Date visited: September 1, 2022). Zhao, Y., 2020, “US housing market during COVID-19: aggregate and distributional evidence”, SSRN, 3744679. 三、網頁參考文獻 European Trade Union Confederation (2002, Jul. 16). European Framework Agreement on Telework,. Retrieved August 30, 2022 from ETUC on the World Wide Web: https://www.etuc.org/en/framework-agreement-telework Florida, R. (2020, Jul. 2). The forces that will reshape American cities. Bloomberg. Retrieved August 3, 2022 from BLOOMBERG ONLINE database on the World Wide Web: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-07-02/how-coronavirus-will-reshape-u-s-cities Kolko, J.(2015, May 21). How suburban are big American cities? FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved March 2, 2023 from FIVETHIRTYEIGHT ONLINE database on the World Wide Web: https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-suburban-are-big-american-cities/ McGhie, C. (2014, Jul. 22). Could a home office enhance your property’s value? The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved August 3, 2022 from The DAILY TELEGRAPH ONLINE database on the World Wide Web: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/property/buying-sellingmoving/10980734/Could-a-home-office-enhance-your-propertys-value.html Tucker, J. (2020, May 22). Coronavirus not yet driving a surge in suburban home. Zillow. Retrieved August 10, 2022 from ZILLOW ONLINE on the World Wide Web: https://www.zillow.com/research/coronavirus-suburban-searches-27070/ 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政學系
110257008資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110257008 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 林左裕 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Tso-Yu en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林俞均 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Yu-Chun en_US dc.creator (作者) 林俞均 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Yu-Chun en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Mar-2024 13:58:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Mar-2024 13:58:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Mar-2024 13:58:14 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0110257008 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/150220 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 地政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 110257008 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著2020年COVID-19疫情的大流行，以及科技進步和網路普及化，促使遠距辦公的廣泛實施，並可能成為未來重要的工作模式選擇之一。這種趨勢將可能為住宅市場帶來不同面向之影響，故本研究旨在透過實證分析的方式，釐清遠距辦公模式所帶來的變化，研究面向包括人們對住宅區位選擇的改變，對住宅特徵的偏好轉變，以及疫情不同時間段的選擇變化。 本研究使用美國紐約都會區範圍內之住宅重複交易資料，並以特徵價格理論為基礎，使用複迴歸及空間迴歸的分析方法，探討遠距辦公實施後住宅市場之變化趨勢。實證結果顯示，人們在選擇住宅區位時傾向遠離市中心商業區，並且這種趨勢隨著時間愈趨明顯。此外，透過空間分析發現，在紐約都會區，位於市中心和市郊交界區，距離中心商業區大眾運輸車程約一小時到一個半小時的地區，成為相對熱門的選擇地點。在住宅特徵偏好方面，研究結果顯示人們偏好擁有更多的房間數，即傾向有更多的空間區隔，以區分更多的居家活動。另外，對於交通可及性的需求呈現下降的趨勢，可能是由於前往市中心實體上班的頻率減低之緣故。總體而言，本研究結果表明遠距辦公對住宅市場造成區位及特徵偏好的改變。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has led to widespread adoption of remote work, which is supported by advancements in technology and improved internet access. This shift towards remote work has significant implications for the housing market. This study aims to examine the effects of remote work on residential location preferences, housing feature preferences, and decision-making patterns during different stages of the pandemic. Using residential repeat transaction data from the New York metropolitan area, this study applies the hedonic price theory and utilizes multiple regression and spatial regression analysis techniques to uncover housing market dynamics following the implementation of remote work. The findings indicate a noticeable trend of individuals choosing residential locations further away from central business districts, with this preference becoming more pronounced over time. Areas located at the periphery of downtown and suburban regions, with a travel time of approximately one to one and a half hours from the central business district, have emerged as relatively popular choices. Regarding housing preferences, the study reveals a desire for larger numbers of rooms and bathroom facilities, reflecting a need for increased spatial separation to accommodate various home-based activities. Additionally, there is a notable decrease in the demand for transportation accessibility, which is likely due to less frequent commutes to downtown areas for work. Overall, this research highlights the transformative impact of remote work on residential location preferences and housing feature preferences in the housing market. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究範圍與方法 4 第三節 研究架構與流程 7 第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 9 第一節 遠距辦公之定義與發展歷程 9 第二節 遠距辦公與住宅市場之影響關係 13 第三節 影響住宅價格之理論 19 第四節 小結 21 第三章 研究設計與資料說明 23 第一節 研究設計 23 第二節 實證模型之建立 24 第三節 資料說明與變數選取 29 第四節 敘述性統計 36 第四章 實證分析 39 第一節 複迴歸模型 39 第二節 空間迴歸模型 47 第三節 空間分析 50 第五章 結論與建議 53 第一節 結論 53 第二節 建議 55 參考文獻 57 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2459443 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110257008 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 遠距辦公 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 房價 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 特徵價格法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 複迴歸模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 空間迴歸模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Work from home en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Housing price en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Hedonic price method en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Multiple regression model en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Spatial regression model en_US dc.title (題名) 遠距辦公模式對住宅市場之影響 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Impact of Working from Home on the Housing Market en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文參考文獻 林秋瑾、黃佩玲，1995，「住宅價格與總體經濟變數關係之研究-以向量自我迴歸模式(VAR)進行實證」，『國立政治大學學報』，71(下) 民84.10：143-159。 陳明吉，1989，「房地產價格及其變動因素之研究」，國立政治大學地政研究所碩士論文：台北。 張金鶚、王健安、林秋瑾，1997，「房地產景氣與總體經濟景氣於時間上領先、同時、落後關係之探討」，『人文及社會科學研究彙刊』，7(1)：35-56。 彭建文、張金鶚，2000，「總體經濟對房地產景氣影響之研究」，『國家科學委員會研究彙刊:人文及社會科學』，10(3)：330-343。 二、外文參考文獻 Adams, Z. and Füss, R., 2010, “Macroeconomic determinants of international housing markets”, Journal of Housing Economics, 19(1): 38-50. Adobati, F., and Debernardi, A., 2022, “The breath of the metropolis: Smart working and new urban geographies”, Sustainability, 14(2): 1028. Ahrend, R., Bétin, M., Caldas, M. P., Cournède, B., Ramirez, M. D., Pionnier, P.-A., Sanchez-Serra, D., Veneri, P. and Ziemann, V., 2022, “Changes in the geography housing demand after the onset of COVID-19: First results from large metropolitan areas in 13 OECD countries”,OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 1713. Allen, T. D., Golden, T. D., and Shockley, K. M., 2015, “How effective is telecommuting? Assessing the status of our scientific findings”, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16(2): 40-68. Alonso, W., 1964, Location and land use, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Anselin, L., 2005, Exploring spatial data with GeoDaTM: a workbook, California : Center for spatially integrated social science. Barrero, J. M., Bloom, N. and Davis, S. J., 2021, “Why working from home will stick”, NBER Working Paper, No. w28731, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. Brynjolfsson, E., Horton, J. J., Ozimek, A., Rock, D., Sharma, G., and TuYe, H.-Y., 2020, “COVID-19 and remote work: An early look at US data”, NBER Working Paper, No. w27344, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. Chen, T. and Harding, J. P., 2016, “Changing tastes: Estimating changing attribute prices in hedonic and repeat sales models”, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 52(2): 141-175. D'Lima, W., Lopez, L. A. and Pradhan, A., 2022, “COVID‐19 and housing market effects: Evidence from US shutdown orders”, Real Estate Economics, 50(2): 303-339. Dadashpoor, H. and Yousefi, Z., 2018, “Centralization or decentralization? A review on the effects of information and communication technology on urban spatial structure”, Cities, 78: 194-205. De Beer, A. and Blanc, G., 1985, Le travail à distance: perspectives et enjeux: une synthèse documentaire, Paris: Association internationale Futuribles. Delventhal, M. and Parkhomenko, A., 2020, “Spatial implications of telecommuting”. SSRN, 3746555. Delventhal, M. J., Kwon, E. and Parkhomenko, A., 2022, “JUE Insight: How do cities change when we work from home?”, Journal of Urban Economics, 127: 103331. Dimartino, V. and Wirth, L., 1990, “Telework: A new way of working and living”, International Labour Review, 129(5): 529-554. Dingel, J. I. and Neiman, B., 2020, “How many jobs can be done at home? ”, Journal of Public Economics, 189: 104235. Doling, J. and Arundel, R., 2022, “The home as workplace: a challenge for housing research”, Housing, theory and society, 39(1): 1-20. Florida, R., Rodríguez-Pose, A. and Storper, M., 2021, “Cities in a post-COVID world”, Urban Studies, 0(0). Gupta, A., Mittal, V., Peeters, J. and Van Nieuwerburgh, S., 2022, “Flattening the curve: pandemic-induced revaluation of urban real estate”, Journal of Financial Economics, 146(2): 594-636. Habib, M. A. and Anik, M. A. H., 2021, “Examining the long term impacts of COVID-19 using an integrated transport and land-use modelling system”, International Journal of Urban Sciences, 25(3): 323-346. Hotopp, U., 2002, “Teleworking in the UK”, Labour market trends, 110(6): 311-318. Jacoby, S. and Alonso, L., 2022, “Home use and experience during COVID-19 in London: Problems of housing quality and design”, Sustainability, 14(9): 5355. Kang, B., Won, J. and Kim, E. J., 2021, “COVID-19 impact on residential preferences in the early-stage outbreak in South Korea”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21): 11207. Kocur-Bera, K., 2022, “Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic era on residential property features: Pilot studies in Poland”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9): 5665. Lancaster, K. J., 1966, “A new approach to consumer theory”, Journal of political economy, 74(2): 132-157. Lennox, J., 2020, More working from home will change the shape and size of cities, Melbourne: Centre of Policy Studies. Li, X., & Zhang, C., 2021, “Did the COVID-19 pandemic crisis affect housing prices evenly in the US?”, Sustainability, 13(21): 12277. Liu, S. T. and Su, Y. C., 2021, “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the demand for density: Evidence from the US housing market”, Economics Letters, 207: 110010. Macias, L. H., Ravalet, E. and Rerat, P., 2022, “Potential rebound effects of teleworking on residential and daily mobility”, Geography Compass, 16(9): e12657. Makimoto, T. and Manners, D., 1997, Digital nomad, New Jersey: Wiley. Mateyka, P. J., Rapino, M. and Landivar, L. C., 2012, Home-based workers in the United States: 2010, Suitland: US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau. Messenger, J. C. and Gschwind, L., 2016, “Three generations of telework: New ICTs and the (R)evolution from home office to virtual office”, New Technology Work and Employment, 31(3): 195-208. Mills, E. S., 1967, “An aggregative model of resource allocation in a metropolitan area”, The American Economic Review, 57(2): 197-210. Moeckel, R., 2017, “Working from home: Modeling the impact of telework on transportation and land use”, Transportation Research Procedia, 26: 207-214. Mokhtarian, P. L., 1991, “Defining telecommuting”, Transportation Research Record, 1305: 273-281. Muhammad, S., Ottens, H. F. L., Ettema, D. and de Jong, T., 2007, “Telecommuting and residential locational preferences: a case study of the Netherlands”, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 22(4): 339-358. Muth, R. 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