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題名 探討馬來西亞人在第 15 屆大選(PRU15)期間的事實核查行為
Are Malaysians fact-checking? Exploring Malaysians’ Fact-checking Behaviour during the General Election 15 (PRU15)作者 邱潓珊
Hiew, Hui-San貢獻者 施琮仁
Shih, Tsung-Jen
邱潓珊
Hiew, Hui-San關鍵詞 錯誤資訊
馬來西亞
大選
事實查核
計劃行為理論
Misinformation
Malaysia
general election
fact-checking
theory of planned behavior日期 2024 上傳時間 1-Jul-2024 12:27:36 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究探討馬來西亞人在選舉期間如何看待和應對錯誤資訊，主要關注其事實查核的 動機。基於計劃行為理論(TPB)，我們探討社會壓力(主觀規範)和信息評估的自 信(自我效能)對事實查核意圖的影響。選舉期間在線信息的激增挑戰選民分辨真偽 的能力。本研究通過探討在東南亞多元文化國家馬來西亞的背景下對錯誤資訊的反應， 填補了這一關鍵空白。 本研究通過線上問卷調查了 431 名馬來西亞參與者，測量他們對錯誤資訊的接觸程度、 主觀規範、自我效能和事實查核意圖。研究發現，接觸錯誤資訊與事實查核意圖之間 存在正相關，這表明馬來西亞人意識到這一問題並在遇到錯誤資訊時有動機驗證信息。 此外，根據 TPB 框架，研究發現主觀規範和自我效能是影響事實查核意圖的重要因素。 值得注意的是，華人在主觀規範和自我效能之間的關係上具有調節作用。 本研究有助於理解多元文化社會如馬來西亞的事實查核行為。它揭示了選舉期間社會 壓力、自我效能和事實查核之間的相互作用。這些知識可用於制定應對錯誤資訊的策 略，通過解決社會規範和增強公眾對信息來源評估的信心來對抗錯誤資訊。此外，本 研究對於探索自我效能作為主觀規範和事實查核意圖之間的中介作用也為 TPB 文獻提 供了寶貴的貢獻。本研究為進一步探索奠定了基礎。未來的研究可以調查馬來西亞人 遇到的錯誤資訊及其首選的事實查核方法。同時，研究信息素養教育和旨在增強信息 評估自我效能的干預措施的作用也可能是有意義的。
This study investigates how Malaysians perceive and respond to misinformation during elections, primarily focusing on their motivations to fact-check. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we explore the influence of social pressure (subjective norms) and confidence in information evaluation (self-efficacy) on fact-checking intentions. The proliferation of online information, particularly during elections, challenges voters to discern truth from falsehood. This study addresses this critical gap by examining responses to misinformation in the under-researched context of Malaysia, a multicultural Southeast Asian nation. An online survey was conducted among 431 Malaysian participants, measuring exposure to misinformation, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and fact-checking intentions. The research revealed a positive correlation between exposure to misinformation and the intention to fact-check, suggesting that Malaysians are aware of the issue and motivated to verify information when encountering misinformation. Additionally, the study identified subjective norms and self-efficacy as significant factors influencing fact-checking intentions according to the TPB framework. Notably, Chinese ethnicity moderates the relationship between subjective norms and self-efficacy. This research contributes to understanding fact-checking behaviour in multicultural societies like Malaysia. It sheds light on the interplay between social pressure, self-efficacy, and fact-checking during elections. This knowledge can inform strategies to combat misinformation by addressing social norms and building public confidence in evaluating information sources. Furthermore, the study's exploration of self-efficacy as a mediator between subjective norms and fact-checking intention offers a valuable contribution to the TPB literature. This research lays the groundwork for further exploration. Future studies could examine the misinformation Malaysians encounter and their preferred fact-checking methods. Additionally, it could be insightful to investigate the role of media literacy education and interventions designed to enhance self-efficacy in information evaluation.參考文獻 Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314-324. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195 Albury, N. J. (2019). Between public perception and government intent in national language policy. 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國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
111461033資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111461033 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 施琮仁 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Shih, Tsung-Jen en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 邱潓珊 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hiew, Hui-San en_US dc.creator (作者) 邱潓珊 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Hiew, Hui-San en_US dc.date (日期) 2024 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2024 12:27:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Jul-2024 12:27:36 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2024 12:27:36 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0111461033 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/152027 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 111461033 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究探討馬來西亞人在選舉期間如何看待和應對錯誤資訊，主要關注其事實查核的 動機。基於計劃行為理論(TPB)，我們探討社會壓力(主觀規範)和信息評估的自 信(自我效能)對事實查核意圖的影響。選舉期間在線信息的激增挑戰選民分辨真偽 的能力。本研究通過探討在東南亞多元文化國家馬來西亞的背景下對錯誤資訊的反應， 填補了這一關鍵空白。 本研究通過線上問卷調查了 431 名馬來西亞參與者，測量他們對錯誤資訊的接觸程度、 主觀規範、自我效能和事實查核意圖。研究發現，接觸錯誤資訊與事實查核意圖之間 存在正相關，這表明馬來西亞人意識到這一問題並在遇到錯誤資訊時有動機驗證信息。 此外，根據 TPB 框架，研究發現主觀規範和自我效能是影響事實查核意圖的重要因素。 值得注意的是，華人在主觀規範和自我效能之間的關係上具有調節作用。 本研究有助於理解多元文化社會如馬來西亞的事實查核行為。它揭示了選舉期間社會 壓力、自我效能和事實查核之間的相互作用。這些知識可用於制定應對錯誤資訊的策 略，通過解決社會規範和增強公眾對信息來源評估的信心來對抗錯誤資訊。此外，本 研究對於探索自我效能作為主觀規範和事實查核意圖之間的中介作用也為 TPB 文獻提 供了寶貴的貢獻。本研究為進一步探索奠定了基礎。未來的研究可以調查馬來西亞人 遇到的錯誤資訊及其首選的事實查核方法。同時，研究信息素養教育和旨在增強信息 評估自我效能的干預措施的作用也可能是有意義的。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study investigates how Malaysians perceive and respond to misinformation during elections, primarily focusing on their motivations to fact-check. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we explore the influence of social pressure (subjective norms) and confidence in information evaluation (self-efficacy) on fact-checking intentions. The proliferation of online information, particularly during elections, challenges voters to discern truth from falsehood. This study addresses this critical gap by examining responses to misinformation in the under-researched context of Malaysia, a multicultural Southeast Asian nation. An online survey was conducted among 431 Malaysian participants, measuring exposure to misinformation, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and fact-checking intentions. The research revealed a positive correlation between exposure to misinformation and the intention to fact-check, suggesting that Malaysians are aware of the issue and motivated to verify information when encountering misinformation. Additionally, the study identified subjective norms and self-efficacy as significant factors influencing fact-checking intentions according to the TPB framework. Notably, Chinese ethnicity moderates the relationship between subjective norms and self-efficacy. This research contributes to understanding fact-checking behaviour in multicultural societies like Malaysia. It sheds light on the interplay between social pressure, self-efficacy, and fact-checking during elections. This knowledge can inform strategies to combat misinformation by addressing social norms and building public confidence in evaluating information sources. Furthermore, the study's exploration of self-efficacy as a mediator between subjective norms and fact-checking intention offers a valuable contribution to the TPB literature. This research lays the groundwork for further exploration. Future studies could examine the misinformation Malaysians encounter and their preferred fact-checking methods. Additionally, it could be insightful to investigate the role of media literacy education and interventions designed to enhance self-efficacy in information evaluation. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgement 3 Abstract 4 摘要 6 Table Of Contents 7 List Of Tables And Figures 10 Chapter 1 Introduction 11 Chapter 2 Literature Review 16 2.1 General Election 15th In Malaysia 16 2.2 Fake News In Malaysia 19 2.3 Theory Of Planned Behaviour (TPB) 22 2.3.1 Attitude Toward Behaviour 23 2.3.2 Misinformation Familiarity And Attitudes 24 2.3.3 Subjective Norms 26 2.3.4 Exposure And Subjective Norms 26 2.3.5 Self-Efficacy 27 2.3.6 Exposure And Efficacy 28 2.3.7 Role Of Ethnicity 29 2.4 Proposed Framework 32 Chapter 3 Methodology 33 3.1 Sampling Design 33 3.2 Questionnaire Design 34 3.3 Sample Recruitment 35 3.4 Instruments And Measures 36 3.4.1 Misinformation Familiarity 36 3.4.2 Attitude Toward The Fact-Checking 37 3.4.3 Subjective Norm 37 3.4.4 Self-Efficacy 38 3.4.5 Intention To Fact-Checking 38 3.4.6 Demographic 39 3.5 Pilot Test 39 Chapter 4 Results 41 4.1 Data Analysis 41 4.2 Respondent’s Characteristics 42 4.3 Bivariate Correlation Analysis 43 4.4 Association Between Misinformation Familiarity And Intention To Fact-Checking (H1) 44 4.5 Association Of Tpb Constructs To Fact-Check After Being Exposed To Misinformation (H2-H4) 44 4.6 Ethnicity Constructs As A Moderator (RQ1) 45 Chapter 5 Discussion 50 5.1 Limitations And Future Research 56 5.2 Theoretical And Practical Implications 57 Chapter 6 Conclusion 59 Reference 61 Appendix 77 Appendix A - Questionnaire 77 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1023383 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111461033 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 錯誤資訊 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬來西亞 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大選 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 事實查核 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 計劃行為理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Misinformation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Malaysia en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) general election en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) fact-checking en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) theory of planned behavior en_US dc.title (題名) 探討馬來西亞人在第 15 屆大選(PRU15)期間的事實核查行為 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Are Malaysians fact-checking? 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