Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 礦業公司的環境與社會檢核要件: 以加拿大和歐亞國家為探討個案
Inform Plan for Mining Companies: Case Studies from Canada and Eurasian Countries
作者 石雪櫻
Shelby, Page
貢獻者 魏百谷
Wei, Bai-Ku
石雪櫻
Shelby, Page
關鍵詞 礦業
採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引
企業社會責任
社會許可
加拿大
歐亞國家
採礦公司
mining
Inform Plan
education program
community engagement
social license to operate
Eurasia
Canada
日期 2024
上傳時間 1-Jul-2024 13:33:14 (UTC+8)
摘要 2035年之前,由於全球人口增長、綠色能源的轉型和地緣政治考量,需要開發超過400個礦場以滿足日益增長的礦物和金屬需求。礦業公司面臨的一個重大挑戰是落實由國際、國內機構及學術界制定的利害關係人參與標準,其中國際及國內機構包含聯合國、全球報告倡議組織、 國際金融公司及 國際礦業金屬協會。而為符合政府環境影響評估、維護利害關係人理論、企業社會責任和 社會許可、將特別具挑戰性。 本研究表明,提升社區對礦業的認識可以幫助公司滿足利害關係人參與標準。儘管這些機構呼籲公司與社區交流其運營情況,但並無提供教育工具和策略來滿足這個標準。此外,還有證據顯示公司需要開發有效的方法來揭露其公司的採礦相關資訊。因此,本論文將開發一個「 採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引」,這是一種教育工具,旨在幫助公司提高利害相關人對採礦場營運和礦業的認識。 為實現此目標,提出了兩個主要研究問題。第一個研究問題探討礦業產業是否需要這種教育工具。通過文獻分析法、歐亞和加拿大礦業案例研究的比較分析、文獻差距分析以及定量調查,研究證實了對該工具的需求。第二個研究問題確定採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引應包含的內容。利用扎根理論、主題分析、編碼和調查,開發了四個主要「可衡量性元素」這些可衡量性元素旨在幫助礦業從業者創建有關礦業項目和礦業的教育內容。 未來的研究將利用這些可衡量性元素完成採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引的四個研究設計。研究結果顯示採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引可以提升社區對礦業的認識,從而使社區能夠有意識地參與決策過程。對於公司來說,這個教育工具可以幫助公司滿足利害關係人參與標準並得到社會許可.
By 2035, more than 400 mines will need to be developed to meet growing demand for minerals and metals due to global population growth, the green energy transition, and geopolitics. A major challenge for mining companies is the implementation of stakeholder engagement standards set by international and domestic institutions, including the United Nations, the Global Reporting Initiative, the International Finance Corporation and the International Mining and Metals Association, as well as academia. Complying with government environmental impact assessments, maintaining stakeholder theory, corporate social responsibility (SLO) and social license will be particularly challenging. This research suggests that enhancing community mining literacy can help companies meet engagement standards. Although these agencies call on companies to communicate with the community about their operations, they do not provide educational compressive tools to meet this standard. Additionally, there is evidence that companies need to develop effective ways to disclose mining-related information about their companies. Therefore, this paper will develop an Inform Plan, an educational tool designed to help companies increase stakeholder awareness of mining site operations and mining. To achieve this aim, two main research questions have been formulated. The first question examines whether there is a need for such an educational tool in the mining industry. Through qualitative methods such as document analysis, comparative analysis of mining case studies in Eurasia and Canada, gap analysis in the literature, and a survey, the research confirms the need for this tool. The second question identifies the content requirements that should be included in the Inform Plan. Grounded theory, thematic analysis, coding, and a survey was used to develop four key deliverables: Topics of Concern, Context Topics, Topic Filters, and Case Study Research. These deliverables are designed to help mining practitioners create educational content about mining projects and the industry. Further research will utilize these deliverables to complete the Inform Plan's four research designs. The research suggests that the Inform Plan can enhance community mining literacy, thereby enabling communities to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes. For companies, this educational tool can facilitate meeting engagement requirements and gaining SLO.
參考文獻 Corporate Communication. (2015). Stakes and Stakeholders. Retrieved from http://accorpcomm.weebly.com/readings/stakes-and-stakeholders Early Warning Systems. (n.d.). Oyu Tolgoi LLC (IFC-29007). Retrieved from https://ewsdata.rightsindevelopment.org/projects/IFC-29007/ Government of Kyrgyz Republic. (n.d.). National action plan to reduce the use of mercury in artisanal and small-scale gold mining in the Kyrgyz Republic in accordance with the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Retrieved from https://minamataconvention.org/sites/default/files/documents/national_action_plan/Kyrgyzstan-ASGM-NAP-2021-EN.pdf OyuTolgoi . (n.d.). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A2: Policy and Legal Framework. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A2_Policy_EN.pdf 03 Mining. (n.d.). ESG Investing and the Mining Sector. Retrieved from https://o3mining.com/articles/esg-investing-and-the-mining-sector/ 03 Mining. (n.d.). Pre-feasibility Studies (PFS) and What They Mean for Gold Investors. Retrieved from https://o3mining.com/articles/pre-feasibility-study-mining/ Accountability Counsel. (n.d.). Mongolia: South Gobi Mining. Retrieved from https://www.accountabilitycounsel.org/client-case/mongolia-south-gobi-mining/#case-story Ahearn, A. (2022, February 11). Mining fractures land and community in Mongolia. Retrieved from East Asia Forum: https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2022/02/11/mining-fractures-land-and-community-in-mongolia/#:~:text=As%20herders%20are%20not%20considered,are%20not%20a%20legal%20requirement Ahmed, K., Mercier, J., & Verheem, R. (2005). Strategic Environmental Assessment — Concept and Practice. Retrieved from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/922351468139198880/pdf/379530ESN140SEA.pdf Anggadol, K. (2024). An overview of Canada’s mines and minerals acts. Retrieved from Lexpert : https://www.lexpert.ca/legal-faq/an-overview-of-canadas-mines-and-minerals-acts/384354 Anthony, C. (2023). 10 Countries With the Most Natural Resources. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets-economy/090516/10-countries-most-natural-resources.asp Apiday. (2024). Why is ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) important for a business. Retrieved from https://www.apiday.com/blog-posts/why-is-esg-environmental-social-and-governance-important-for-a-business#:~:text=ESG%20and%20CSR-,The%20importance%20of%20ESG%20for%20businesses%20and%20investors,a%20company%27s%20risks%20and%20practices. Arab Today. (2011). Mongolia mining success brings booming sex trade. Retrieved from https://www.arabstoday.net/en/337/mongolia-mining-success-brings-booming-sex-trade Armstrong, A. (2020). Ethics and ESG. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2107&context=aabfj Arnold, L., & Hanna, K. (2017). Best Practices in Environmental Assessment: Case Studies and Application to Mining Retrieved from https://ok-cear.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2018/01/Best-Practices-in-Environmental-Assessment.pdf Austin, R. (2019). 'An example to all': the Mongolian herders who took on a corporate behemoth – and won. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/apr/08/mongolian-herders-corporate-behemoth Australian Government. (2016). Community Engagement and Development. Retrieved from https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-04/lpsdp-community-engagement-and-development-handbook-english.pdf Balt, K., & Goosen, R. (2020). MSAHP: An approach to mining method selection. Retrieved from https://scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2225-62532020000800003 Bazardorj, S.-E., & Purevsuren, U. (2019). Undai river diversion project in Oyu Tolgoi. Retrieved from https://www.imwa.info/docs/imwa_2019/IMWA2019_Bazardorj_295.pdf Boris, V. (2017). What Makes Storytelling So Effective For Learning? Retrieved from https://www.harvardbusiness.org/what-makes-storytelling-so-effective-for-learning/ Boutilier, R. (n.d.). A Measure of the Social License to Operate for Infrastructure and Extractive Projects.Retrieved from https://socialicense.com/publications/A%20dozen%20statement%20for%20measuring%20the%20social%20license.pdf Brightest. (2024). The Top 7 Sustainability Reporting Standards in 2024. Retrieved from https://www.brightest.io/sustainability-reporting-standards#:~:text=Today%20there%20are%20more%20than,%2Dheavy%2C%20and%20repetitive%20process. Burdon, E. (2023). Does ESG Improve Performance? Retrieved from https://www.knowesg.com/featured-article/does-esg-improve-performance Byambaaand, B., & de Vrie, W. T. (2019, July 8). Evaluating the effectiveness of the environmental impact assessment process in Mongolia for nomadic-pastoral land users. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/14615517.2019.1643629?needAccess=true Byrne, D. (n.d.). What’s the difference between ESG reporting standards and frameworks. Retrieved from Corporate Governance Institute: https://www.thecorporategovernanceinstitute.com/insights/guides/whats-the-difference-between-esg-reporting-standards-and-frameworks/#:~:text=ESG%20reporting%20frameworks%20provide%20guiding,tandem%20for%20full%20ESG%20transparency. Cameco. (2017). Cameco Corporation’s Detailed Comments on the Building Common Ground: a New Vision for Impact Assessment in Canada. Retrieved from https://ehq-production-canada.s3.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com/documents/attachments/08b21c18ad165f49690c8191d2a42392b4607632/000/006/525/original/Cameco_Corporation_redacted_Redacted.pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA4KKNQAKIOR7VAOP4 Cameco. (2022). ESG Report 2022. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/media/media-library/documents/esg-reporting Cameco Corporation. (2022, December ). Annual Public Opinion Survey Results – Situation Summary. Retrieved from https://www.cameconorth.com/uploads/downloads/CCO-Polling-Summary-2022.pdf Cameco. (n.d.). McArthur River/Key Lake. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/businesses/uranium-operations/canada/mcarthur-river-key-lake Cameco. (n.d.). Inkai. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120531191059/http://www.cameco.com/mining/inkai/ Cameco. (n.d.). Our Operations. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/sustainable_development/2016/about-cameco/our-operations/ CAO. (n.d.). Mongolia: Oyu Tolgoi-01/Khanbogd. Retrieved from https://www.cao-ombudsman.org/cases/mongolia-oyu-tolgoi-01khanbogd Centerra Gold. (2022). 2022 Environmental, Social and Governance Report. Retrieved from https://sustainability.centerragold.com/_doc/2023/Centerra%20Gold%202022%20ESG%20Report.pdf Centerra Gold Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.centerragold.com Century. (n.d.). What is dual coding theory and how can it help teaching? Retrieved from https://www.century.tech/news/what-is-dual-coding-theory-and-how-can-it-help-teaching/ Cesar, S. (2019). Earning a social license to operate in mining: A case study from Peru. Retrieved from https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271807/1-s2.0-S0301420719X00057/1-s2.0-S0301420717305780/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIHgOs1d9m4w68A5DgygbFM99bjukDOOfB1NublwqOOTeAiEAyvX8kOrl1UNwHqMo8BZS78dJabR%2F2sRWGxiQ8qWBUh Cherry, K. (2024). What Is a Schema in Psychology? Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-schema-2795873 Chung, J. (2022). Mongolia2017–2018 Minerals Yearbook . Retrieved from USGS: https://pubs.usgs.gov/myb/vol3/2017-18/myb3-2017-18-mongolia.pdf Coates, K., Holroyd, C., & Baumann, B. (2023). Indigenous Peoples and the uranium mining sector in northern Saskatchewan. Retrieved from Local Communities and the Mining Industry: https://www-taylorfrancis-com.proxy.queensu.ca/chapters/oa-edit/10.4324/9781003182375-10/indigenous-peoples-uranium-mining-sector-northern-saskatchewan-ken-coates-carin-holroyd-britt-baumann?context=ubx&refId=727ecdc9-2757-473f-b3f5-41a4e4b2da57 Compliance Advisor Ombudsman. (n.d.). Our Mandate. Retrieved from https://www.cao-ombudsman.org/about-us#:~:text=CAO%20was%20established%20in%201999,of%20IFC%20and%20MIGA%20projects Constable, T. (2018, November 21). India’s rapid rise and growing middle class creates hunger for commodities. Retrieved from Financial Review.: https://www.afr.com/policy/indias-rapid-rise-and-growing-middle-class-creates-hunger-for-commodities-20181121-h185w Conway, K. (2023). What is ESG? Why Should Healthcare and Supply Chain Leaders Care? Retrieved from https://www.hpnonline.com/sourcing-logistics/article/53065142/what-is-esg-and-why-should-healthcare-and-supply-chain-leaders-care Curran, G. (2017). Social licence, corporate social responsibility and coal seam gas: framing the new political dynamics of contestation. Energy Policy, 427–435. Daato. (n.d.). What is GRI Standard and how to use it. Retrieved from https://www.daato.net/articles/what-is-gri-and-how-to-use-it Dashwood, H. (2012). The rise of global corporate social responsibility: Mining and the spread of global norms. Cambridge University Press. de la Mata, G. (2014). Do you know your stakeholders? Tool to undertake a Stakeholder analysis. Retrieved from https://innovationforsocialchange.org/en/do-you-know-your-stakeholders-tool-to-undertake-a-stakeholder-analysis/ Deepki. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.deepki.com/blog/greenwashing-esg-reporting/ Denina, C. (2023, January 27). Mongolia calls on Rio Tinto to keep budget for giant copper mine in check. Retrieved from Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/mongolia-calls-rio-tinto-keep-budget-giant-copper-mine-check-2023-01-26/ D’Souza, K. (2023 ). Five ‘good practices’ for integrating ESG in mining. Retrieved from https://www.mining.com/five-good-practices-for-integrating-esg-in-mining/ Doucin, M. (2011). Corporate Social Responsibility: Private Self-Regulation is Not Enough. Retrieved from IFC: https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/mgrt/pso24.pdf D'Souza, K. (2024, January 19). How miners can pass their ESG exams. Retrieved from Northern Miner: https://www.northernminer.com/commentary/how-miners-can-pass-their-esg-exams/1003862991/ EBRD. (n.d.). Performance Requirements and Guidance. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/who-we-are/our-values/environmental-and-social-policy/performance-requirements.html Equator Principles. (n.d.). About the Equator Principles.Retrieved from https://equator-principles.com/about-the-equator-principles/ ESFC Investment Group. (n.d.). Mine construction cost: how much does it cost to build a mine or quarry? Retrieved from https://esfccompany.com/en/articles/construction/mine-construction-cost-how-much-does-it-cost-to-build-a-mine-or-quarry/ Eshalieva, K. (2021, June 22). Kumtor: the gold mine that could make or break Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from Open Democracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/kumtor-gold-mine-could-make-or-break-kyrgyzstan/ Eskerod, P., & Lund, J. A. (2013). Project stakeholder management. Taylor & Francis Group. Euromines. (2016). A Quick Guide to Community Development. Retrieved from https://www.euromines.org/files/quick_guide_community_development.pdf Fernando, J. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Explained With Examples. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corp-social-responsibility.asp#:~:text=Corporate%20social%20responsibility%20is%20a,positive%20brand%20image%20for%20companies. Freedom House. (2024). Kazakhastan. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/country/kazakhstan/freedom-world/2024 Freedom House. (2024). Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/country/kyrgyzstan/freedom-world/2024 Freeman, E., & Dmytriyev, S. (2017). Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Theory: Learning From Each Other. Retrieved from https://symphonya.unicusano.it/article/view/2017.1.02freeman.dmytriyev/11574 Furstenberg, S., & Toktomushev, K. (2021). Understanding Gold Mining and Social Conflicts in Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from University of Central Asia: https://ucentralasia.org/media/ssmbkbyb/uca-ippa-wp63-understanding-gold-mining-and-social-conflicts-in-kyrgyzstan.pdf Giles, D. (2022). Cameco to restart McArthur River uranium mine. Retrieved from https://globalnews.ca/news/8606834/cameco-mcarthur-river-uranium-mine/ Giovanella, F. (2017). Chapter 1: The thorny issue of balancing rights. Retrieved from https://www.elgaronline.com/display/9781785369353/08_chapter1.xhtml GIS & RS Solution. (2022). How to determine Project Influence/Impact Zone in ArcGIS. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpPyFgoEeoE Global Organized Crime Index. (2021). Mongolia. Retrieved from https://ocindex.net/2021/country/mongolia GlobalData. (n.d.). Rio Tinto: Premium Databases. Retrieved from https://www.globaldata.com/company-profile/rio-tinto/premium-data/mines-and-projects/ Government of Canad. (n.d.). Impact Assessment Act and CEAA 2012 Comparison. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/impact-assessment-act-and-ceaa-2012-comparison.html Government of Canada . (n.d.). Framework: Public Participation Under the Impact Assessment Act. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/practitioners-guide-impact-assessment-act/framework-public-participation.html Government of Canada . (n.d.). Roles and Responsibilities. Retrieved from https://elearning.iaac-aeic.gc.ca/mod01/mod01_08_01-en.html?wbdisable=true#i3 Government of Canada. (n.d.). Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Retrieved from https://www.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca/eng/ Government of Canada. (n.d.). Government of Canada and the duty to consult. Retrieved from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1331832510888/1609421255810# Government of Canada. (n.d.). Impact Assessment Process Overview. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/impact-assessment-process-overview.html Government of Canada. (n.d.). Milestones in the history of assessments. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/corporate/mandate/milestones-history-assessments.html Government of Canada. (n.d.). Port Radium. Retrieved from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1445630103716/1618401563211# Government of Canada. (n.d.). Radon in Canada's Uranium Industry. Retrieved from https://www.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca/eng/resources/fact-sheets/radon-fact-sheet/ Grad Coach. (2023). Research Paradigms & Philosophy: Positivism, Interpretivism and Pragmatism Explained. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEf5sGFXmUE GRI. (2023). GRI 2: General Disclosures 2021. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiXksqe--uEAxVJja8BHWXoBXkQFnoECBkQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalreporting.org%2Fpdf.ashx%3Fid%3D12358&usg=AOvVaw2bytJlrKWp3ZRfYgLE0g8m&opi=89978449 GRI. (n.d.). A Short Introduction to the GRI Standards. Retrieved from https://www.globalreporting.org/media/wtaf14tw/a-short-introduction-to-the-gri-standards.pdf GRI. (n.d.). Our mission and history. Retrieved from https://www.globalreporting.org/about-gri/mission-history/ Grimmer, P., & Stretesky, P. (2020). Shale gas development and crime: A review of the literature. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214790X2030188X Groot, K. d. (2022, January 10). Kazakhstan unrest, explained. Retrieved from https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/kazakhstan-unrest-explained Hall, J., & Vredenburg, H. (2005). Managing stakeholder ambiguity: companies increasingly need to engage a wide range of stakeholders, but managers often underestimate the complexity of the task. Retrieved from MIT Sloan Management Review: Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A139260566/AONE?u=queensulaw&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=24bff896. Hammond, D. R., & Brady, T. F. (2022). Critical minerals for green energy transition: A United States perspective. Retrieved from International Journal of Mining: https://business.ucdenver.edu/jpmorgancenter/sites/default/files/attached-files/critical_minerals_for_green_energy_transition_a_united_states_perspective.pdf Harari, Y. N. (2015). Sapiens. New York: Harper. Hatcher, P. (2016). The politics of artisanal and small-scale mining in Mongolia. Retrieved from https://doi-org.proxy.queensu.ca/10.1080/23802014.2016.1231592 Hatcher, P., & Lander, J. (2020). Searching for New Political Spaces: Negotiating Citizenship and Transnational Identities on Mongolia’s Mining Frontier. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00472336.2022.2032278 Hohnen, P. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility An Implementation Guide for Business. Retrieved from iisd: https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/csr_guide.pdf Holzman, J. (2020). Mining sector's reputation at growing risk from human rights issues, report says. Retrieved from https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/mining-sector-s-reputation-at-growing-risk-from-human-rights-issues-report-says-59561326 Hope, N. (n.d.). Week 2: What Is a SLO? MINE 881: Mining Systems. Queen's University. Hruschka, F. (2022). Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from http://artisanalmining.org/InventoryData/doku.php/country:kyrgyzstan IBM. (n.d.). What is the SASB? . Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/topics/sasb ICMM . (2015). Indigenous Peoples and Mining: Good Practice Guide . Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/guidance/social-performance/2015/indigenous-peoples-mining#page=20 ICMM. (2015). Stakeholder Research Toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/guidance/social-performance/2015/stakeholder-research-toolkit ICMM. (2020). A new ESG mining standard will help drive responsible production. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/stories/2020/a-new-esg-mining-standard ICMM. (2023). ICMM publishes updated guidance to support the mining industry to proactively manage human rights impacts. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/news/2023/guidance-manage-human-rights-impacts ICMM. (n.d.). Assessing Salient Human Rights Issues. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/website/publications/pdfs/social-performance/2023/guidance_hrdd_3-assessing-hr-issues.pdf?cb=56909 ICMM. (n.d.). ICMM Guidance . Retrieved from https://guidance.miningwithprinciples.com ICMM. (n.d.). Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/our-work/supporting-the-sustainable-development-goals ICMM. (n.d.). Who We Are. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/our-story/who-we-are IEA. (n.d). The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. Retrieved from https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ffd2a83b-8c30-4e9d-980a-52b6d9a86fdc/TheRoleofCriticalMineralsinCleanEnergyTransitions.pdf IFC. (2001). Investing in People: Sustaining Communities through Improved Business Practice. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/mgrt/communityguide.pdf IFC. (2012). Guidance Notes to Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability - 2012 Edition. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/insights-reports/2012/publications-policy-gn-2012 IFC. (2013). Changing the Game: Communications and Sustainability in the Mining Industry. Retrieved from http://commdev.org/publications/changing-the-game-communications-and-sustainability-in-the-mining-industry/ IFC. (n.d.). IFC Project Cycle. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/what-we-do/products-and-services/ifc-project-cycle#:~:text=Commitment%3A%20IFC%20and%20the%20company,to%20provide%20regular%20monitoring%20reports IFC. (n.d.). Metals and Mining. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/what-we-do/sector-expertise/infrastructure/metals-and-mining IFC. (n.d.). Who are we. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/about Initiative, E. I. (2022). 16th EITI Reconciliation Report 2021. Retrieved from https://eiti.org/sites/default/files/2023-01/ENG_EITI_Report_16_2022_Final.pdf Investopedia. (2024). What Is Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Investing? Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/environmental-social-and-governance-esg-criteria.asp IOM. (n.d.). Protecting the rights of migrant women and victims of human trafficking in Mongolia (2013-2015). Retrieved from https://www.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl486/files/country/docs/mongolia/IOM-Mongolia-EIDHR-Project-Factsheet-2013-2015.pdf IRENA. (2023). Investment Needs of USD 35 trillion by 2030 for Successful Energy Transition. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2023/Mar/Investment-Needs-of-USD-35-trillion-by-2030-for-Successful-Energy-Transition#:~:text=Although global investment in energy, the 1.5°C pathway. ITC. (n.d.). Standard profile for International Council on Mining and Metals. Retrieved from https://standardsmap.org/en/factsheet/41/overview Jamali, D. (2008). A Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility: A Fresh Perspective into Theory and Practice. Retrieved from Journal of Business Ethics: https://link-springer-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/article/10.1007/s10551-007-9572-4 Jamasmie, C. (2020, October 7). Centerra Gold Kyrgyzstan office hit by protests. Retrieved from https://www.mining.com/centerra-golds-offices-in-kyrgyzstan-victim-of-political-turmoil/ Jan, E. (n.d.). Professor Ed Freeman – The New Story of Business: Towards a More Responsible Capitalism.Retrieved from Darden Blogs: https://blogs.darden.virginia.edu/ibis/2017/12/15/professor-ed-freeman-the-new-story-of-business-towards-a-more-responsible-capitalism/ Jawahar, I. M., & McLaughlin, G. L. (2001). Toward a Descriptive Stakeholder Theory : An Organizational Life Cycle Approach. Retrieved from https://web-p-ebscohost-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=edc5c09e-a76b-4c57-a820-9baaa68200d8%40redis Joffe, P. (2018). "Veto" and "Consent" – Significant Differences. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_1951#:~:text=Definitions,exercise%20of%20the%20other%20right Johnson, A. (n.d.). Lecture: Stakeholder Engagement - Identifying Stakeholders. MINE 904- Mining and Indigenous Peoples. Queens University: The Robert M, Buchan Department of Mining. Johnson, A. (n.d.). Stakeholder Engagement - Identifying Stakeholders. MINE 904- Mining and Indigenous Peoples. Queens University: The Robert M, Buchan Department of Mining. JV Inkai LLP. (2022). 2021-1⁄22022 Sustainability Report. Retrieved from https://inkai.kazatomprom.kz/sites/default/files/inkai_our_2021-22_en.pdf Kaliszewski, M. (2024). The Mining Industry and Addiction. Retrieved from American Addiction Centers: https://americanaddictioncenters.org/workforce-addiction/blue-collar/miners# Kazatomprom National Atomic Company. (n.d.). Company. Retrieved from https://inkai.kazatomprom.kz/en/subsection/kompaniya Kazatomprom National Atomic Company. (n.d.). Shareholder Structure. Retrieved from https://www.kazatomprom.kz/en/page/struktura_aktsionerov Khamidov, A. (2022, July 28). Kyrgyzstan’s mining sector wilts as authorities seek total control. Retrieved from Eurasianet: https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstans-mining-sector-wilts-as-authorities-seek-total-control Klently. (2023). The Average Cold Email Response Rate in 2024. Retrieved from https://www.klenty.com/blog/cold-email-response-rate/#:~:text=The%20average%20cold%20email%20response%20rate%20is%208.5%25%2C%20according%20to,cold%20emails%20is%20only%2023.9%25 Kluth, A. ( 2023, January 9). China’s Got the Dysprosium. That’s a Problem. Retrieved from The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/chinas-got-the-dysprosium-thats-a-problem/2023/01/09/acb01e22-8fe3-11ed-90f8-53661ac5d9b9_story.html Knowledge Quest. (2021). Constructivism as a Philosophy of Research. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbaOR8ahoSM Koyuncu, A. (n.d.). Legal Balancing of Conflicting Rights. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_1951#:~:text=Definitions,exercise%20of%20the%20other%20right KPMG. (n.d.). Get ready for the next wave of ESG reporting. Retrieved from https://kpmg.com/xx/en/home/insights/2023/01/get-ready-for-the-next-wave-of-esg-reporting.html Krieken, K., & Jose, S. (2019). What is Narrative Journalism? A Systematic Review and an Empirical Agenda. Retrieved from DOI:10.1177/1464884919862056 Kriukow. (2021). What is constructivism? (Definitions, examples, ontology and epistemology of constructivism). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hR5LSwr6MFI Kumtor. (n.d.). History. Retrieved from https://www.kumtor.kg/en/deposit/history/ Kumtor. (n.d.). Waste Rock and Ice. Retrieved from https://www.kumtor.kg/en/waste-rock-and-ice/ Lütge, C., & Uhl, M. (2021). Basic Concepts of Business Ethics. Retrieved from Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351053117_Basic_Concepts_of_Business_Ethics Langfitt, F. ( 2012, May 21). Mineral-Rich Mongolia Rapidly Becoming 'Mine-golia'. Retrieved from npr: https://www.npr.org/2012/05/21/152683549/mineral-rich-mongolia-rapidly-becoming-minegolia Latapí Agudelo, M., Jóhannsdóttir, L., & Davídsdóttir, B. (2019). A literature review of the history and evolution of corporate social responsibility. Retrieved from https://jcsr.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40991-018-0039-y Law Of Mongolia on Environmental Impact Assessments. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://admin.theiguides.org/Media/Documents/LawEnvironmentalImpactAssessments.pdf Leighton, M. (2024). Top Mining Countries in the World 2024. Retrieved from Crux Investor: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/top-mining-countries-in-the-world-2024 Littlemore, J. (2016). Metaphor use in educational contexts. Retrieved from https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/61298426/20._Littlemore_Functions_of_and_variation_in_metaphor_use_in_educational_contexts_with_comments.pdf Lohrey, J. (2022). CHRON. Retrieved from The Importance of Identifying Stakeholders in a Project: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/deciphering-needs-project-stakeholders-clients-34843.html MAC. (n.d.). Indigenous and Community Relationships. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/towards-sustainable-mining/protocols-frameworks/indigenous-and-community-relationships/ MAC. (n.d.). Our Members. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/members-partners/our-members/ MAC. (n.d.). Our Partners. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/members-partners/our-partners/ MAC. (n.d.). Welcome to the Mining Association of Canada. Retrieved from https://mining.ca Mansour, A. (2022). Narrative Nonfiction. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUn0Wq3FnJI Mar, R. A., Li, J., Nguyen, A. T., & Ta, C. P. (2021). Memory and comprehension of narrative versus expository texts: A meta-analysis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8219577/ Marais, L., Ndaguba, E., Mmbadi, E., Cloete, J., & Lenka, M. (2022). Mine closure, social disruption, and crime in South Africa. Retrieved from https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/geoj.12430 Matikainen, L. (2022). Addressing Sustainability in the Mining Industry Through Stakeholder Engagement. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/22779779221078673 McAbee, J. (2022). Understanding Stakeholder Theory. Retrieved from Wrike: https://www.wrike.com/blog/understanding-stakeholder-theory/#:~:text=Critics%20of%20stakeholder%20theory%20have,some%20point%20in%20the%20process McCulloch, E. M. ( 2021, June). Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: A Struggling International Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: A Struggling International Principle . Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1744&context=plrlr MDO. (n.d.). Kumtor Mine. Retrieved from https://miningdataonline.com/property/1029/Kumtor-Mine.aspx#Overview Mining . (2015). Top 10 Associations raising awareness for the mining industry. Retrieved from https://miningdigital.com/top10/top-10-associations-raising-awareness-mining-industry Mining Data Solutions. (n.d.). Inkai Mine. Retrieved from https://miningdataonline.com/property/3464/Inkai-Mine.aspx#Production Mirza, R., Vodden, K., & Collins, G. (2012). Developing Innovative Approaches for Community Engagement In the Grand Falls-Windsor - Baie Verte - Harbour Breton Region. Retrieved from https://www.videa.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Developing-Innovative-Approaches-for-community-engagement.pdf Monday.com. (2021). Project management How to build an effective stakeholders engagement assessment matrix. Retrieved from https://monday.com/blog/project-management/stakeholders-engagement-assessment-matrix/ Nations, U. (n.d.). Human Rughts. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/human-rights#:~:text=Human%20rights%20are%20rights%20inherent,and%20education%2C%20and%20many%20more Norman, P. (2020). Constructivism - Research Paradigm. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDEXXvpbOIM Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee. (2018). Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee (NSEQC) 2018 Report to Communities. Retrieved from https://publications.saskatchewan.ca/#/products/108610 Nuclear Energy Agency. (2014). Managing Environmental and Health Impacts of Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://www-oecd-ilibrary-org.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/nuclear-energy/managing-environmental-and-health-impacts-of-uranium-mining_9789264216044-en;jsessionid=slpWlx4wcVGVermA0xZf02sspJ_-d1aK3HpAIrDY.ip-10-240-5-53 Organizing Engagement. (n.d.). Spectrum of Public Participation. Retrieved from https://organizingengagement.org/models/spectrum-of-public-participation/ OT Watch. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.accountabilitycounsel.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/OyuTolgoiCAOComplaint_Oct122012_Redacted.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2012). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A1: Introduction Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A1_Introduction_EN.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2012). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A3: Methodology. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A3_Methodology_EN.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2013, July 9). Press release: Oyu Tolgoi begins concentrate shipments - Significant milestone for company and Mongolia. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20130831001122/http:/ot.mn/en/media/press-release/090713 Oyu Tolgoi LLC. (n.d.). Our Company. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/our-company-en/ Oyu Tolgoi. (n.d.). ESIA Management. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/environmental-social-impact-assessment/ Oyu Tolgoi Watch; Accountability Counsel; Urgewald; CEE Bankwatch Network; London Mining Network; and Bank Information Center. (2012, December ). A Useless Sham. Retrieved from https://bankwatch.org/sites/default/files/a-useless-sham-OT-ESIA-review-14Dec2012.pdf Pact. (n.d.). Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining.Retrieved from https://www.pactworld.org/our-expertise/mining Pannier, B. (2020). Even Two Decades After Massive Cyanide Spill, Kyrgyz Poisoning Victims Get Scant Compensation. Retrieved from Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty: https://www.rferl.org/a/qishloq-ovozi-kumtor-cyanide-spill-compensation-gold-mining/30797137.html Papillon, M., Leclair, J., & Leydet, D. (2020). Free, Prior and Informed Consent: Between Legal Ambiguity and Political Agency. Retrieved from Brill: https://brill.com/view/journals/ijgr/27/2/article-p223_223.xml?language=en PDAC. (n.d.). e3 Plus. Retrieved from https://www.pdac.ca/programs-and-advocacy/driving-responsible-exploration/toolkits/principles/introduction Peck, A. E. (2004). Economic development in kazakhstan : the role of large enterprises and foreign investment. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4324/978020356342 Pérez, L., Hunt, D., Samandari, H., Nuttall, R., & Biniek.Krysta. (2021). Does ESG really matter—and why? Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/sustainability/our-insights/does-esg-really-matter-and-why Phillips, R., Freeman, E., & Wicks, A. (2003). What Stakeholder Theory Is Not. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3857968 Pistilli, M. (2023, May 10). Uranium Reserves: Top 5 Countries (Updated 2023). Retrieved from https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/energy-investing/uranium-investing/top-uranium-countries-by-reserves/ Pressbooks. (n.d.). Introduction. Retrieved from https://oer.pressbooks.pub/narrativejournalism/front-matter/introduction/ pwc. (2024). ESG Reporting Insights: Mining. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com/ca/en/today-s-issues/environmental-social-and-governance/esg-reporting-insights/mining.html Quantive. (n.d.). ESG Reporting Guide: 6 Essential Steps. Retrieved from https://quantive.com/resources/articles/esg-reporting# Ranängen, H. (n.d.). Stakeholder management theory meets CSR practice in Swedish mining. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13563-016-0098-z Reuters. (2022, December 16). Rio Tinto completes $3.3 bln Turquoise Hill deal for larger share in Mongolia project. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/rio-tinto-completes-33-bln-acquisition-canadas-turquoise-hill-2022-12-16/ Rimm. (2023). Unlocking the Power of ESG Benchmarking: A Short Guide. Retrieved from https://rimm.io/blog/unlocking-the-power-of-esg-benchmarking-a-short-guide/#:~:text=ESG%20benchmarking%20is%20the%20process,it%20promotes%20transparency%20and%20accountability. Rio Tinto. (n.d.). Sustainability reporting. Retrieved from https://www.riotinto.com/en/invest/reports/sustainability-report Rogalsky, A. (2019, May ). Report on Classification of Energy and Mineral Resources and its Management in the Kyrgyz Republic. Retrieved from https://unece.org/DAM/energy/se/pdfs/UNFC/proj/unfc_ca/Report_Class_EMR_KG_Arkady_Rogalsky.pdf Sahtú Renewable Resources Board. (n.d.). Minerals and mining, Port Radium. Retrieved from https://www.srrb.nt.ca/people-and-places/sahtu-atlas/102-sahtu-atlas/resources-and-development/201-uranium-and-the-sahtuot-ine Sandberg, J. (2008). Understanding the Separation Thesis. Retrieved from Business Ethics Quarterly: https://web-p-ebscohost-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=202fbf4e-5880-48f4-814a-bf7de896ef75%40redis Saskatchewan Environmental Society . (2015, March). The Legacy of Uranium Mining in Saskatchewan: The Unacceptable Environmental Impacts of Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://environmentalsociety.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/The-Legacy-of-Uranium-Mining-in-Saskatchewan-FINAL.pdf Satke, R. (2016). Conflict continues at Kyrgyzstan’s massive gold mine. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/2/19/conflict-continues-at-kyrgyzstans-massive-gold-mine Sayer, B., Dumay, J., Guthrie, J., & Corazza, L. (2023). Making Sense of Stakeholder Management . Taylor and Francis. Sherman III, J. F. (2020). Beyond CSR: The Story of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Retrieved from Harvard Kennedy School: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/centers/mrcbg/files/CRI_AWP_71.pdf SMA. (2017). Uranium in Saskatchewan Facts on the Industry for 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/uploads/downloads/2017_Uranium_Fact_Sheet.pdf Smaguca, T. (2022). Comparison of Normative, Instrumental and Descriptive Approaches to Stakeholder Theory . Retrieved from https://rsepconferences.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/10_TAMARA.pdf SociaLicense. (n.d.). Measuring the Social License. Retrieved from https://socialicense.com/measure.html Sordi, A. D. (2016). Legitimation and the Party of Power in Kazakhstan. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137489449_4 Sowell, T. (2015). Basic Economics: A Common Sense Guide to the Economy. New York : Basic Books. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy . (2002). The Definition of Morality. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/ENTRIES/morality-definition/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2013). The Concept of Evil. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/concept-evil/#KanTheEvi Stein, Z. (2024). What Is Sustainable Investing. Retrieved from https://www.carboncollective.co/sustainable-investing/what-is-sustainable-investing Stevens, R. (2010). Mineral Exploration and Mining Essentials. Canada: Library and Archives Canda Cataloguing in Publication. Study. (n.d.). What is the purpose of expository writing? Retrieved from https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-is-the-purpose-of-expository-writing.html#:~:text=The%20purpose%20of%20expository%20writing%20is%20to%20teach%20or%20help,it%20with%20descriptions%20and%20examples Study Smarter. (n.d.). Limitations of human rights. Retrieved from https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/law/human-rights-law/limitations-of-human-rights/#:~:text=Enforcing%20limitations%20on%20human%20rights,political%20influences%2C%20and%20cultural%20contexts Tech Informed. (2022, September 27). Almost 400 new mines needed to meet future EV battery demand, data finds. Retrieved from https://techinformed.com/almost-400-new-mines-needed-to-meet-future-ev-battery-demand-data-finds/ The Canadian Encyclopidia . (2011). Environmental Impact Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/environmental-impact-assessment#:~:text=EIA%20was%20formally%20introduced%20in,came%20into%20force%20in%201995 The Community Tool Box. (n.d.). Section 8. Identifying and Analyzing Stakeholders and Their Interests. Retrieved from https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/participation/encouraging-involvement/identify-stakeholders/main The Danish Institute for Human Rights. (n.d.). Signatories for United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://sdg.humanrights.dk/en/instrument/signees/28 The Human Rights Guide. (n.d.). Absolute rights. Retrieved from https://www.cilvektiesibugids.lv/en/themes/human-rights-restrictions/absolute-rights The Jordon B Peterson Podcast. (2023). 12 Rules for the Good of the Planet | Bjørn Lomborg | EP 345. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9m_6TVJysI Thomas, D. (n.d.). Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee. Retrieved from Saskatchewan Ministry of Government Relations: https://natural-resources.canada.ca/sites/nrcan/files/mineralsmetals/files/pdf/rmd-rrm/Northern%20Saskatchewan%20Environmental%20Quality%20Committee.pdf Torys. (2023). Guide to mining regulatory and legal regimes in Canada. Retrieved from https://www.torys.com/our-latest-thinking/publications/2023/12/guide-to-mining-regulatory-and-legal-regimes-in-canada TPT. (n.d.). Report VS Narrative Writing. Retrieved from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Report-VS-Narrative-Writing-4940633 Trafigura Foundation. (n.d.). Artisanal and Small Scale Mining National Federation (ASM-NF), Mongolia. Retrieved from https://www.trafigurafoundation.org/programmes/artisanal-and-small-scale-mining-national-federation-mongolia/ Trilling, D. (2013, October 21). Kyrgyzstan: Another Gold Mine Attacked as Kumtor Protests Continue. Retrieved from Eurasia: https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstan-another-gold-mine-attacked-as-kumtor-protests-continue U.S. Department of Energy. (n.d.). Uranium Mines. Retrieved from https://www.osti.gov/opennet/manhattan-project-history/Places/Other/uranium-mines.html UNDP. (2018). Managing Mining for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https://www.undp.org/publications/managing-mining-sustainable-development United Nations. (n.d.). Free Prior and Informed Consent An indigenous peoples’ right and a good practice for local communities. Retrieved from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/57fdec864.pdf United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. (2013). Free, Prior and Informed Consent of Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/FreePriorandInformedConsent.pdf United Nations. (n.d). Population. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population#:~:text=The%20world%20in%202100,surrounding%20these%20latest%20population%20projections. United Nations. (n.d.). Who are Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/5session_factsheet1.pdf United States Department of State. (2017). The Link Between Extractive Industries and Sex Trafficking. Retrieved from https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/272964.pdf Vancouver Sun. (2016, June 30). UN declaration doesn't give Canadian First Nations a veto: minister. Retrieved from https://vancouversun.com/news/politics/un-declaration-doesnt-give-canadian-first-nations-a-veto-minister Venditti, B. (2022 , January 23). Visualizing China’s Dominance in Clean Energy Metals. Retrieved from https://www.visualcapitalist.com/chinas-dominance-in-clean-energy-metals/ Wharton. (n.d.). When Engaging with Your Stakeholders Is Worth Its Weight in Gold. Retrieved from https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/podcast/knowledge-at-wharton-podcast/when-engaging-with-your-stakeholders-is-worth-its-weight-in-gold/ Wise Uranium. (2005, September 7). Impacts of Uranium Mining at Port Radium, NWT, Canada. Retrieved from http://www.wise-uranium.org/uippra.html Woźniak, J., & Jurczyk, W. (2022). SLO in CSR perspective—a comparative case study from poland (2018–2020). Retrieved from Resources Policy: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102654 World Gold Council. (n.d.). What We Do. Retrieved from https://www.gold.org/what-we-do World Nuclear Association. (2020). Occupational Safety in Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/radiation-and-health/occupational-safety-in-uranium-mining.aspx worldfavor. (n.d.). 5 sustainability reporting frameworks to help your organization set priorities. Retrieved from https://blog.worldfavor.com/5-sustainability-reporting-frameworks-to-help-your-organization-set-priorities#:~:text=The%20main%20aim%20of%20sustainability,planet%2C%20society%20and%20the%20economy. Worldflavor. (n.d.). What are the GRI standards? Retrieved from https://blog.worldfavor.com/what-are-the-gri-standards
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
110263013
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110263013
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 魏百谷zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wei, Bai-Kuen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 石雪櫻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Shelby, Pageen_US
dc.creator (作者) 石雪櫻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Shelby, Pageen_US
dc.date (日期) 2024en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2024 13:33:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Jul-2024 13:33:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2024 13:33:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0110263013en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/152142-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 俄羅斯研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 110263013zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 2035年之前,由於全球人口增長、綠色能源的轉型和地緣政治考量,需要開發超過400個礦場以滿足日益增長的礦物和金屬需求。礦業公司面臨的一個重大挑戰是落實由國際、國內機構及學術界制定的利害關係人參與標準,其中國際及國內機構包含聯合國、全球報告倡議組織、 國際金融公司及 國際礦業金屬協會。而為符合政府環境影響評估、維護利害關係人理論、企業社會責任和 社會許可、將特別具挑戰性。 本研究表明,提升社區對礦業的認識可以幫助公司滿足利害關係人參與標準。儘管這些機構呼籲公司與社區交流其運營情況,但並無提供教育工具和策略來滿足這個標準。此外,還有證據顯示公司需要開發有效的方法來揭露其公司的採礦相關資訊。因此,本論文將開發一個「 採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引」,這是一種教育工具,旨在幫助公司提高利害相關人對採礦場營運和礦業的認識。 為實現此目標,提出了兩個主要研究問題。第一個研究問題探討礦業產業是否需要這種教育工具。通過文獻分析法、歐亞和加拿大礦業案例研究的比較分析、文獻差距分析以及定量調查,研究證實了對該工具的需求。第二個研究問題確定採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引應包含的內容。利用扎根理論、主題分析、編碼和調查,開發了四個主要「可衡量性元素」這些可衡量性元素旨在幫助礦業從業者創建有關礦業項目和礦業的教育內容。 未來的研究將利用這些可衡量性元素完成採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引的四個研究設計。研究結果顯示採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引可以提升社區對礦業的認識,從而使社區能夠有意識地參與決策過程。對於公司來說,這個教育工具可以幫助公司滿足利害關係人參與標準並得到社會許可.zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) By 2035, more than 400 mines will need to be developed to meet growing demand for minerals and metals due to global population growth, the green energy transition, and geopolitics. A major challenge for mining companies is the implementation of stakeholder engagement standards set by international and domestic institutions, including the United Nations, the Global Reporting Initiative, the International Finance Corporation and the International Mining and Metals Association, as well as academia. Complying with government environmental impact assessments, maintaining stakeholder theory, corporate social responsibility (SLO) and social license will be particularly challenging. This research suggests that enhancing community mining literacy can help companies meet engagement standards. Although these agencies call on companies to communicate with the community about their operations, they do not provide educational compressive tools to meet this standard. Additionally, there is evidence that companies need to develop effective ways to disclose mining-related information about their companies. Therefore, this paper will develop an Inform Plan, an educational tool designed to help companies increase stakeholder awareness of mining site operations and mining. To achieve this aim, two main research questions have been formulated. The first question examines whether there is a need for such an educational tool in the mining industry. Through qualitative methods such as document analysis, comparative analysis of mining case studies in Eurasia and Canada, gap analysis in the literature, and a survey, the research confirms the need for this tool. The second question identifies the content requirements that should be included in the Inform Plan. Grounded theory, thematic analysis, coding, and a survey was used to develop four key deliverables: Topics of Concern, Context Topics, Topic Filters, and Case Study Research. These deliverables are designed to help mining practitioners create educational content about mining projects and the industry. Further research will utilize these deliverables to complete the Inform Plan's four research designs. The research suggests that the Inform Plan can enhance community mining literacy, thereby enabling communities to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes. For companies, this educational tool can facilitate meeting engagement requirements and gaining SLO.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Table of Contents 摘要 i Abstract ii Table of Contents iii List of Figures vii List of Tables xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 2 1.2 Background 3 1.3 Research Problem 6 1.4 Research Aim, Objectives, and Questions 7 1.5 Scope of Research 10 1.6 Significance 10 1.7 Limitations 11 1.8 Thesis Structure 12 2 Literature Review 15 2.1 Literature Review: Part A - Theories and Concepts 15 2.2 Literature Review: Part B - Stakeholder Management Strategies 59 2.3 Literature Review: Part C – International and Domestic Engagement Requirements 76 2.4 Summary of Connections Between Literature Review and Curriculum 125 3 Inform Plan 128 3.1 Research Design for the Curriculum 128 3.2 Research Design for Visual Communication Templates 136 3.3 Research Design for Impact Severity Assessment Mechanism 138 3.4 Research Design for Community Understanding Assessment Tools 139 3.5 Implementation of the Inform Plan 140 3.6 Inform Narrative Concept 148 4 Methodology 154 4.1 Introduction 154 4.2 Research Philosophy 155 4.3 Introduction: Deliverable Research Methodology 157 4.4 First Deliverable Research Methods: Topics of Concern 158 4.5 Second Deliverable Research Methods: Context Topics 162 4.6 Third Deliverable Research Methods: Topic Filters 163 4.7 Fourth Deliverable Research Methods: Case Study Research 166 4.8 Survey 168 5 Deliverables and Survey Results and Discussion 172 5.1 Introduction 172 5.2 Deliverable 1: Topics of Concern 172 5.3 Deliverable 2: Context Topics 176 5.4 Deliverable 3: Topic Filters 177 5.5 Deliverable 4: Case Study Research 180 5.6 Survey 232 6 Conclusion 259 6.1 Key Findings 259 6.2 Aim and Objectives 260 6.3 Research Questions 260 6.4 Limitations 264 6.5 Further Research 265 Bibliography 267zh_TW
dc.format.extent 11054098 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110263013en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 礦業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 採礦計畫利害關係人參與指引zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業社會責任zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會許可zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 加拿大zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 歐亞國家zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 採礦公司zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) miningen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Inform Planen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) education programen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) community engagementen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) social license to operateen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Eurasiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Canadaen_US
dc.title (題名) 礦業公司的環境與社會檢核要件: 以加拿大和歐亞國家為探討個案zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Inform Plan for Mining Companies: Case Studies from Canada and Eurasian Countriesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Corporate Communication. (2015). Stakes and Stakeholders. Retrieved from http://accorpcomm.weebly.com/readings/stakes-and-stakeholders Early Warning Systems. (n.d.). Oyu Tolgoi LLC (IFC-29007). Retrieved from https://ewsdata.rightsindevelopment.org/projects/IFC-29007/ Government of Kyrgyz Republic. (n.d.). National action plan to reduce the use of mercury in artisanal and small-scale gold mining in the Kyrgyz Republic in accordance with the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Retrieved from https://minamataconvention.org/sites/default/files/documents/national_action_plan/Kyrgyzstan-ASGM-NAP-2021-EN.pdf OyuTolgoi . (n.d.). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A2: Policy and Legal Framework. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A2_Policy_EN.pdf 03 Mining. (n.d.). ESG Investing and the Mining Sector. Retrieved from https://o3mining.com/articles/esg-investing-and-the-mining-sector/ 03 Mining. (n.d.). Pre-feasibility Studies (PFS) and What They Mean for Gold Investors. Retrieved from https://o3mining.com/articles/pre-feasibility-study-mining/ Accountability Counsel. (n.d.). Mongolia: South Gobi Mining. Retrieved from https://www.accountabilitycounsel.org/client-case/mongolia-south-gobi-mining/#case-story Ahearn, A. (2022, February 11). Mining fractures land and community in Mongolia. Retrieved from East Asia Forum: https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2022/02/11/mining-fractures-land-and-community-in-mongolia/#:~:text=As%20herders%20are%20not%20considered,are%20not%20a%20legal%20requirement Ahmed, K., Mercier, J., & Verheem, R. (2005). Strategic Environmental Assessment — Concept and Practice. Retrieved from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/922351468139198880/pdf/379530ESN140SEA.pdf Anggadol, K. (2024). An overview of Canada’s mines and minerals acts. Retrieved from Lexpert : https://www.lexpert.ca/legal-faq/an-overview-of-canadas-mines-and-minerals-acts/384354 Anthony, C. (2023). 10 Countries With the Most Natural Resources. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets-economy/090516/10-countries-most-natural-resources.asp Apiday. (2024). Why is ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) important for a business. Retrieved from https://www.apiday.com/blog-posts/why-is-esg-environmental-social-and-governance-important-for-a-business#:~:text=ESG%20and%20CSR-,The%20importance%20of%20ESG%20for%20businesses%20and%20investors,a%20company%27s%20risks%20and%20practices. Arab Today. (2011). Mongolia mining success brings booming sex trade. Retrieved from https://www.arabstoday.net/en/337/mongolia-mining-success-brings-booming-sex-trade Armstrong, A. (2020). Ethics and ESG. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2107&context=aabfj Arnold, L., & Hanna, K. (2017). Best Practices in Environmental Assessment: Case Studies and Application to Mining Retrieved from https://ok-cear.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2018/01/Best-Practices-in-Environmental-Assessment.pdf Austin, R. (2019). 'An example to all': the Mongolian herders who took on a corporate behemoth – and won. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/apr/08/mongolian-herders-corporate-behemoth Australian Government. (2016). Community Engagement and Development. Retrieved from https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-04/lpsdp-community-engagement-and-development-handbook-english.pdf Balt, K., & Goosen, R. (2020). MSAHP: An approach to mining method selection. Retrieved from https://scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2225-62532020000800003 Bazardorj, S.-E., & Purevsuren, U. (2019). Undai river diversion project in Oyu Tolgoi. Retrieved from https://www.imwa.info/docs/imwa_2019/IMWA2019_Bazardorj_295.pdf Boris, V. (2017). What Makes Storytelling So Effective For Learning? Retrieved from https://www.harvardbusiness.org/what-makes-storytelling-so-effective-for-learning/ Boutilier, R. (n.d.). A Measure of the Social License to Operate for Infrastructure and Extractive Projects.Retrieved from https://socialicense.com/publications/A%20dozen%20statement%20for%20measuring%20the%20social%20license.pdf Brightest. (2024). The Top 7 Sustainability Reporting Standards in 2024. Retrieved from https://www.brightest.io/sustainability-reporting-standards#:~:text=Today%20there%20are%20more%20than,%2Dheavy%2C%20and%20repetitive%20process. Burdon, E. (2023). Does ESG Improve Performance? Retrieved from https://www.knowesg.com/featured-article/does-esg-improve-performance Byambaaand, B., & de Vrie, W. T. (2019, July 8). Evaluating the effectiveness of the environmental impact assessment process in Mongolia for nomadic-pastoral land users. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/14615517.2019.1643629?needAccess=true Byrne, D. (n.d.). What’s the difference between ESG reporting standards and frameworks. Retrieved from Corporate Governance Institute: https://www.thecorporategovernanceinstitute.com/insights/guides/whats-the-difference-between-esg-reporting-standards-and-frameworks/#:~:text=ESG%20reporting%20frameworks%20provide%20guiding,tandem%20for%20full%20ESG%20transparency. Cameco. (2017). Cameco Corporation’s Detailed Comments on the Building Common Ground: a New Vision for Impact Assessment in Canada. Retrieved from https://ehq-production-canada.s3.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com/documents/attachments/08b21c18ad165f49690c8191d2a42392b4607632/000/006/525/original/Cameco_Corporation_redacted_Redacted.pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA4KKNQAKIOR7VAOP4 Cameco. (2022). ESG Report 2022. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/media/media-library/documents/esg-reporting Cameco Corporation. (2022, December ). Annual Public Opinion Survey Results – Situation Summary. Retrieved from https://www.cameconorth.com/uploads/downloads/CCO-Polling-Summary-2022.pdf Cameco. (n.d.). McArthur River/Key Lake. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/businesses/uranium-operations/canada/mcarthur-river-key-lake Cameco. (n.d.). Inkai. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120531191059/http://www.cameco.com/mining/inkai/ Cameco. (n.d.). Our Operations. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/sustainable_development/2016/about-cameco/our-operations/ CAO. (n.d.). Mongolia: Oyu Tolgoi-01/Khanbogd. Retrieved from https://www.cao-ombudsman.org/cases/mongolia-oyu-tolgoi-01khanbogd Centerra Gold. (2022). 2022 Environmental, Social and Governance Report. Retrieved from https://sustainability.centerragold.com/_doc/2023/Centerra%20Gold%202022%20ESG%20Report.pdf Centerra Gold Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.centerragold.com Century. (n.d.). What is dual coding theory and how can it help teaching? Retrieved from https://www.century.tech/news/what-is-dual-coding-theory-and-how-can-it-help-teaching/ Cesar, S. (2019). Earning a social license to operate in mining: A case study from Peru. Retrieved from https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271807/1-s2.0-S0301420719X00057/1-s2.0-S0301420717305780/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIHgOs1d9m4w68A5DgygbFM99bjukDOOfB1NublwqOOTeAiEAyvX8kOrl1UNwHqMo8BZS78dJabR%2F2sRWGxiQ8qWBUh Cherry, K. (2024). What Is a Schema in Psychology? Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-schema-2795873 Chung, J. (2022). Mongolia2017–2018 Minerals Yearbook . Retrieved from USGS: https://pubs.usgs.gov/myb/vol3/2017-18/myb3-2017-18-mongolia.pdf Coates, K., Holroyd, C., & Baumann, B. (2023). Indigenous Peoples and the uranium mining sector in northern Saskatchewan. Retrieved from Local Communities and the Mining Industry: https://www-taylorfrancis-com.proxy.queensu.ca/chapters/oa-edit/10.4324/9781003182375-10/indigenous-peoples-uranium-mining-sector-northern-saskatchewan-ken-coates-carin-holroyd-britt-baumann?context=ubx&refId=727ecdc9-2757-473f-b3f5-41a4e4b2da57 Compliance Advisor Ombudsman. (n.d.). Our Mandate. Retrieved from https://www.cao-ombudsman.org/about-us#:~:text=CAO%20was%20established%20in%201999,of%20IFC%20and%20MIGA%20projects Constable, T. (2018, November 21). India’s rapid rise and growing middle class creates hunger for commodities. Retrieved from Financial Review.: https://www.afr.com/policy/indias-rapid-rise-and-growing-middle-class-creates-hunger-for-commodities-20181121-h185w Conway, K. (2023). What is ESG? Why Should Healthcare and Supply Chain Leaders Care? Retrieved from https://www.hpnonline.com/sourcing-logistics/article/53065142/what-is-esg-and-why-should-healthcare-and-supply-chain-leaders-care Curran, G. (2017). Social licence, corporate social responsibility and coal seam gas: framing the new political dynamics of contestation. Energy Policy, 427–435. Daato. (n.d.). What is GRI Standard and how to use it. Retrieved from https://www.daato.net/articles/what-is-gri-and-how-to-use-it Dashwood, H. (2012). The rise of global corporate social responsibility: Mining and the spread of global norms. Cambridge University Press. de la Mata, G. (2014). Do you know your stakeholders? Tool to undertake a Stakeholder analysis. Retrieved from https://innovationforsocialchange.org/en/do-you-know-your-stakeholders-tool-to-undertake-a-stakeholder-analysis/ Deepki. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.deepki.com/blog/greenwashing-esg-reporting/ Denina, C. (2023, January 27). Mongolia calls on Rio Tinto to keep budget for giant copper mine in check. Retrieved from Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/mongolia-calls-rio-tinto-keep-budget-giant-copper-mine-check-2023-01-26/ D’Souza, K. (2023 ). Five ‘good practices’ for integrating ESG in mining. Retrieved from https://www.mining.com/five-good-practices-for-integrating-esg-in-mining/ Doucin, M. (2011). Corporate Social Responsibility: Private Self-Regulation is Not Enough. Retrieved from IFC: https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/mgrt/pso24.pdf D'Souza, K. (2024, January 19). How miners can pass their ESG exams. Retrieved from Northern Miner: https://www.northernminer.com/commentary/how-miners-can-pass-their-esg-exams/1003862991/ EBRD. (n.d.). Performance Requirements and Guidance. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/who-we-are/our-values/environmental-and-social-policy/performance-requirements.html Equator Principles. (n.d.). About the Equator Principles.Retrieved from https://equator-principles.com/about-the-equator-principles/ ESFC Investment Group. (n.d.). Mine construction cost: how much does it cost to build a mine or quarry? Retrieved from https://esfccompany.com/en/articles/construction/mine-construction-cost-how-much-does-it-cost-to-build-a-mine-or-quarry/ Eshalieva, K. (2021, June 22). Kumtor: the gold mine that could make or break Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from Open Democracy: https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/kumtor-gold-mine-could-make-or-break-kyrgyzstan/ Eskerod, P., & Lund, J. A. (2013). Project stakeholder management. Taylor & Francis Group. Euromines. (2016). A Quick Guide to Community Development. Retrieved from https://www.euromines.org/files/quick_guide_community_development.pdf Fernando, J. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Explained With Examples. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corp-social-responsibility.asp#:~:text=Corporate%20social%20responsibility%20is%20a,positive%20brand%20image%20for%20companies. Freedom House. (2024). Kazakhastan. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/country/kazakhstan/freedom-world/2024 Freedom House. (2024). Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/country/kyrgyzstan/freedom-world/2024 Freeman, E., & Dmytriyev, S. (2017). Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Theory: Learning From Each Other. Retrieved from https://symphonya.unicusano.it/article/view/2017.1.02freeman.dmytriyev/11574 Furstenberg, S., & Toktomushev, K. (2021). Understanding Gold Mining and Social Conflicts in Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from University of Central Asia: https://ucentralasia.org/media/ssmbkbyb/uca-ippa-wp63-understanding-gold-mining-and-social-conflicts-in-kyrgyzstan.pdf Giles, D. (2022). Cameco to restart McArthur River uranium mine. Retrieved from https://globalnews.ca/news/8606834/cameco-mcarthur-river-uranium-mine/ Giovanella, F. (2017). Chapter 1: The thorny issue of balancing rights. Retrieved from https://www.elgaronline.com/display/9781785369353/08_chapter1.xhtml GIS & RS Solution. (2022). How to determine Project Influence/Impact Zone in ArcGIS. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpPyFgoEeoE Global Organized Crime Index. (2021). Mongolia. Retrieved from https://ocindex.net/2021/country/mongolia GlobalData. (n.d.). Rio Tinto: Premium Databases. Retrieved from https://www.globaldata.com/company-profile/rio-tinto/premium-data/mines-and-projects/ Government of Canad. (n.d.). Impact Assessment Act and CEAA 2012 Comparison. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/impact-assessment-act-and-ceaa-2012-comparison.html Government of Canada . (n.d.). Framework: Public Participation Under the Impact Assessment Act. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/practitioners-guide-impact-assessment-act/framework-public-participation.html Government of Canada . (n.d.). Roles and Responsibilities. Retrieved from https://elearning.iaac-aeic.gc.ca/mod01/mod01_08_01-en.html?wbdisable=true#i3 Government of Canada. (n.d.). Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Retrieved from https://www.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca/eng/ Government of Canada. (n.d.). Government of Canada and the duty to consult. Retrieved from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1331832510888/1609421255810# Government of Canada. (n.d.). Impact Assessment Process Overview. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/impact-assessment-process-overview.html Government of Canada. (n.d.). Milestones in the history of assessments. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/corporate/mandate/milestones-history-assessments.html Government of Canada. (n.d.). Port Radium. Retrieved from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1445630103716/1618401563211# Government of Canada. (n.d.). Radon in Canada's Uranium Industry. Retrieved from https://www.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca/eng/resources/fact-sheets/radon-fact-sheet/ Grad Coach. (2023). Research Paradigms & Philosophy: Positivism, Interpretivism and Pragmatism Explained. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEf5sGFXmUE GRI. (2023). GRI 2: General Disclosures 2021. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiXksqe--uEAxVJja8BHWXoBXkQFnoECBkQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalreporting.org%2Fpdf.ashx%3Fid%3D12358&usg=AOvVaw2bytJlrKWp3ZRfYgLE0g8m&opi=89978449 GRI. (n.d.). A Short Introduction to the GRI Standards. Retrieved from https://www.globalreporting.org/media/wtaf14tw/a-short-introduction-to-the-gri-standards.pdf GRI. (n.d.). Our mission and history. Retrieved from https://www.globalreporting.org/about-gri/mission-history/ Grimmer, P., & Stretesky, P. (2020). Shale gas development and crime: A review of the literature. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214790X2030188X Groot, K. d. (2022, January 10). Kazakhstan unrest, explained. Retrieved from https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/kazakhstan-unrest-explained Hall, J., & Vredenburg, H. (2005). Managing stakeholder ambiguity: companies increasingly need to engage a wide range of stakeholders, but managers often underestimate the complexity of the task. Retrieved from MIT Sloan Management Review: Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A139260566/AONE?u=queensulaw&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=24bff896. Hammond, D. R., & Brady, T. F. (2022). Critical minerals for green energy transition: A United States perspective. Retrieved from International Journal of Mining: https://business.ucdenver.edu/jpmorgancenter/sites/default/files/attached-files/critical_minerals_for_green_energy_transition_a_united_states_perspective.pdf Harari, Y. N. (2015). Sapiens. New York: Harper. Hatcher, P. (2016). The politics of artisanal and small-scale mining in Mongolia. Retrieved from https://doi-org.proxy.queensu.ca/10.1080/23802014.2016.1231592 Hatcher, P., & Lander, J. (2020). Searching for New Political Spaces: Negotiating Citizenship and Transnational Identities on Mongolia’s Mining Frontier. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00472336.2022.2032278 Hohnen, P. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility An Implementation Guide for Business. Retrieved from iisd: https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/csr_guide.pdf Holzman, J. (2020). Mining sector's reputation at growing risk from human rights issues, report says. Retrieved from https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/mining-sector-s-reputation-at-growing-risk-from-human-rights-issues-report-says-59561326 Hope, N. (n.d.). Week 2: What Is a SLO? MINE 881: Mining Systems. Queen's University. Hruschka, F. (2022). Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from http://artisanalmining.org/InventoryData/doku.php/country:kyrgyzstan IBM. (n.d.). What is the SASB? . Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/topics/sasb ICMM . (2015). Indigenous Peoples and Mining: Good Practice Guide . Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/guidance/social-performance/2015/indigenous-peoples-mining#page=20 ICMM. (2015). Stakeholder Research Toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/guidance/social-performance/2015/stakeholder-research-toolkit ICMM. (2020). A new ESG mining standard will help drive responsible production. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/stories/2020/a-new-esg-mining-standard ICMM. (2023). ICMM publishes updated guidance to support the mining industry to proactively manage human rights impacts. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/news/2023/guidance-manage-human-rights-impacts ICMM. (n.d.). Assessing Salient Human Rights Issues. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/website/publications/pdfs/social-performance/2023/guidance_hrdd_3-assessing-hr-issues.pdf?cb=56909 ICMM. (n.d.). ICMM Guidance . Retrieved from https://guidance.miningwithprinciples.com ICMM. (n.d.). Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/our-work/supporting-the-sustainable-development-goals ICMM. (n.d.). Who We Are. Retrieved from https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/our-story/who-we-are IEA. (n.d). The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. Retrieved from https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ffd2a83b-8c30-4e9d-980a-52b6d9a86fdc/TheRoleofCriticalMineralsinCleanEnergyTransitions.pdf IFC. (2001). Investing in People: Sustaining Communities through Improved Business Practice. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/mgrt/communityguide.pdf IFC. (2012). Guidance Notes to Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability - 2012 Edition. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/insights-reports/2012/publications-policy-gn-2012 IFC. (2013). Changing the Game: Communications and Sustainability in the Mining Industry. Retrieved from http://commdev.org/publications/changing-the-game-communications-and-sustainability-in-the-mining-industry/ IFC. (n.d.). IFC Project Cycle. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/what-we-do/products-and-services/ifc-project-cycle#:~:text=Commitment%3A%20IFC%20and%20the%20company,to%20provide%20regular%20monitoring%20reports IFC. (n.d.). Metals and Mining. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/what-we-do/sector-expertise/infrastructure/metals-and-mining IFC. (n.d.). Who are we. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/about Initiative, E. I. (2022). 16th EITI Reconciliation Report 2021. Retrieved from https://eiti.org/sites/default/files/2023-01/ENG_EITI_Report_16_2022_Final.pdf Investopedia. (2024). What Is Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Investing? Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/environmental-social-and-governance-esg-criteria.asp IOM. (n.d.). Protecting the rights of migrant women and victims of human trafficking in Mongolia (2013-2015). Retrieved from https://www.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl486/files/country/docs/mongolia/IOM-Mongolia-EIDHR-Project-Factsheet-2013-2015.pdf IRENA. (2023). Investment Needs of USD 35 trillion by 2030 for Successful Energy Transition. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2023/Mar/Investment-Needs-of-USD-35-trillion-by-2030-for-Successful-Energy-Transition#:~:text=Although global investment in energy, the 1.5°C pathway. ITC. (n.d.). Standard profile for International Council on Mining and Metals. Retrieved from https://standardsmap.org/en/factsheet/41/overview Jamali, D. (2008). A Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility: A Fresh Perspective into Theory and Practice. Retrieved from Journal of Business Ethics: https://link-springer-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/article/10.1007/s10551-007-9572-4 Jamasmie, C. (2020, October 7). Centerra Gold Kyrgyzstan office hit by protests. Retrieved from https://www.mining.com/centerra-golds-offices-in-kyrgyzstan-victim-of-political-turmoil/ Jan, E. (n.d.). Professor Ed Freeman – The New Story of Business: Towards a More Responsible Capitalism.Retrieved from Darden Blogs: https://blogs.darden.virginia.edu/ibis/2017/12/15/professor-ed-freeman-the-new-story-of-business-towards-a-more-responsible-capitalism/ Jawahar, I. M., & McLaughlin, G. L. (2001). Toward a Descriptive Stakeholder Theory : An Organizational Life Cycle Approach. Retrieved from https://web-p-ebscohost-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=edc5c09e-a76b-4c57-a820-9baaa68200d8%40redis Joffe, P. (2018). "Veto" and "Consent" – Significant Differences. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_1951#:~:text=Definitions,exercise%20of%20the%20other%20right Johnson, A. (n.d.). Lecture: Stakeholder Engagement - Identifying Stakeholders. MINE 904- Mining and Indigenous Peoples. Queens University: The Robert M, Buchan Department of Mining. Johnson, A. (n.d.). Stakeholder Engagement - Identifying Stakeholders. MINE 904- Mining and Indigenous Peoples. Queens University: The Robert M, Buchan Department of Mining. JV Inkai LLP. (2022). 2021-1⁄22022 Sustainability Report. Retrieved from https://inkai.kazatomprom.kz/sites/default/files/inkai_our_2021-22_en.pdf Kaliszewski, M. (2024). The Mining Industry and Addiction. Retrieved from American Addiction Centers: https://americanaddictioncenters.org/workforce-addiction/blue-collar/miners# Kazatomprom National Atomic Company. (n.d.). Company. Retrieved from https://inkai.kazatomprom.kz/en/subsection/kompaniya Kazatomprom National Atomic Company. (n.d.). Shareholder Structure. Retrieved from https://www.kazatomprom.kz/en/page/struktura_aktsionerov Khamidov, A. (2022, July 28). Kyrgyzstan’s mining sector wilts as authorities seek total control. Retrieved from Eurasianet: https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstans-mining-sector-wilts-as-authorities-seek-total-control Klently. (2023). The Average Cold Email Response Rate in 2024. Retrieved from https://www.klenty.com/blog/cold-email-response-rate/#:~:text=The%20average%20cold%20email%20response%20rate%20is%208.5%25%2C%20according%20to,cold%20emails%20is%20only%2023.9%25 Kluth, A. ( 2023, January 9). China’s Got the Dysprosium. That’s a Problem. Retrieved from The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/chinas-got-the-dysprosium-thats-a-problem/2023/01/09/acb01e22-8fe3-11ed-90f8-53661ac5d9b9_story.html Knowledge Quest. (2021). Constructivism as a Philosophy of Research. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbaOR8ahoSM Koyuncu, A. (n.d.). Legal Balancing of Conflicting Rights. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7_1951#:~:text=Definitions,exercise%20of%20the%20other%20right KPMG. (n.d.). Get ready for the next wave of ESG reporting. Retrieved from https://kpmg.com/xx/en/home/insights/2023/01/get-ready-for-the-next-wave-of-esg-reporting.html Krieken, K., & Jose, S. (2019). What is Narrative Journalism? A Systematic Review and an Empirical Agenda. Retrieved from DOI:10.1177/1464884919862056 Kriukow. (2021). What is constructivism? (Definitions, examples, ontology and epistemology of constructivism). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hR5LSwr6MFI Kumtor. (n.d.). History. Retrieved from https://www.kumtor.kg/en/deposit/history/ Kumtor. (n.d.). Waste Rock and Ice. Retrieved from https://www.kumtor.kg/en/waste-rock-and-ice/ Lütge, C., & Uhl, M. (2021). Basic Concepts of Business Ethics. Retrieved from Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351053117_Basic_Concepts_of_Business_Ethics Langfitt, F. ( 2012, May 21). Mineral-Rich Mongolia Rapidly Becoming 'Mine-golia'. Retrieved from npr: https://www.npr.org/2012/05/21/152683549/mineral-rich-mongolia-rapidly-becoming-minegolia Latapí Agudelo, M., Jóhannsdóttir, L., & Davídsdóttir, B. (2019). A literature review of the history and evolution of corporate social responsibility. Retrieved from https://jcsr.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40991-018-0039-y Law Of Mongolia on Environmental Impact Assessments. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://admin.theiguides.org/Media/Documents/LawEnvironmentalImpactAssessments.pdf Leighton, M. (2024). Top Mining Countries in the World 2024. Retrieved from Crux Investor: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/top-mining-countries-in-the-world-2024 Littlemore, J. (2016). Metaphor use in educational contexts. Retrieved from https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/61298426/20._Littlemore_Functions_of_and_variation_in_metaphor_use_in_educational_contexts_with_comments.pdf Lohrey, J. (2022). CHRON. Retrieved from The Importance of Identifying Stakeholders in a Project: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/deciphering-needs-project-stakeholders-clients-34843.html MAC. (n.d.). Indigenous and Community Relationships. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/towards-sustainable-mining/protocols-frameworks/indigenous-and-community-relationships/ MAC. (n.d.). Our Members. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/members-partners/our-members/ MAC. (n.d.). Our Partners. Retrieved from https://mining.ca/members-partners/our-partners/ MAC. (n.d.). Welcome to the Mining Association of Canada. Retrieved from https://mining.ca Mansour, A. (2022). Narrative Nonfiction. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUn0Wq3FnJI Mar, R. A., Li, J., Nguyen, A. T., & Ta, C. P. (2021). Memory and comprehension of narrative versus expository texts: A meta-analysis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8219577/ Marais, L., Ndaguba, E., Mmbadi, E., Cloete, J., & Lenka, M. (2022). Mine closure, social disruption, and crime in South Africa. Retrieved from https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/geoj.12430 Matikainen, L. (2022). Addressing Sustainability in the Mining Industry Through Stakeholder Engagement. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/22779779221078673 McAbee, J. (2022). Understanding Stakeholder Theory. Retrieved from Wrike: https://www.wrike.com/blog/understanding-stakeholder-theory/#:~:text=Critics%20of%20stakeholder%20theory%20have,some%20point%20in%20the%20process McCulloch, E. M. ( 2021, June). Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: A Struggling International Free, Prior, and Informed Consent: A Struggling International Principle . Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1744&context=plrlr MDO. (n.d.). Kumtor Mine. Retrieved from https://miningdataonline.com/property/1029/Kumtor-Mine.aspx#Overview Mining . (2015). Top 10 Associations raising awareness for the mining industry. Retrieved from https://miningdigital.com/top10/top-10-associations-raising-awareness-mining-industry Mining Data Solutions. (n.d.). Inkai Mine. Retrieved from https://miningdataonline.com/property/3464/Inkai-Mine.aspx#Production Mirza, R., Vodden, K., & Collins, G. (2012). Developing Innovative Approaches for Community Engagement In the Grand Falls-Windsor - Baie Verte - Harbour Breton Region. Retrieved from https://www.videa.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Developing-Innovative-Approaches-for-community-engagement.pdf Monday.com. (2021). Project management How to build an effective stakeholders engagement assessment matrix. Retrieved from https://monday.com/blog/project-management/stakeholders-engagement-assessment-matrix/ Nations, U. (n.d.). Human Rughts. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/human-rights#:~:text=Human%20rights%20are%20rights%20inherent,and%20education%2C%20and%20many%20more Norman, P. (2020). Constructivism - Research Paradigm. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDEXXvpbOIM Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee. (2018). Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee (NSEQC) 2018 Report to Communities. Retrieved from https://publications.saskatchewan.ca/#/products/108610 Nuclear Energy Agency. (2014). Managing Environmental and Health Impacts of Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://www-oecd-ilibrary-org.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/nuclear-energy/managing-environmental-and-health-impacts-of-uranium-mining_9789264216044-en;jsessionid=slpWlx4wcVGVermA0xZf02sspJ_-d1aK3HpAIrDY.ip-10-240-5-53 Organizing Engagement. (n.d.). Spectrum of Public Participation. Retrieved from https://organizingengagement.org/models/spectrum-of-public-participation/ OT Watch. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.accountabilitycounsel.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/OyuTolgoiCAOComplaint_Oct122012_Redacted.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2012). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A1: Introduction Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A1_Introduction_EN.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2012). Section A: Introduction and Background Chapter A3: Methodology. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/media/ot/content/page_content/commitments/ESIA/1_ESIA/Introduction/ESIA_OT_A3_Methodology_EN.pdf Oyu Tolgoi. (2013, July 9). Press release: Oyu Tolgoi begins concentrate shipments - Significant milestone for company and Mongolia. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20130831001122/http:/ot.mn/en/media/press-release/090713 Oyu Tolgoi LLC. (n.d.). Our Company. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/our-company-en/ Oyu Tolgoi. (n.d.). ESIA Management. Retrieved from https://www.ot.mn/environmental-social-impact-assessment/ Oyu Tolgoi Watch; Accountability Counsel; Urgewald; CEE Bankwatch Network; London Mining Network; and Bank Information Center. (2012, December ). A Useless Sham. Retrieved from https://bankwatch.org/sites/default/files/a-useless-sham-OT-ESIA-review-14Dec2012.pdf Pact. (n.d.). Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining.Retrieved from https://www.pactworld.org/our-expertise/mining Pannier, B. (2020). Even Two Decades After Massive Cyanide Spill, Kyrgyz Poisoning Victims Get Scant Compensation. Retrieved from Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty: https://www.rferl.org/a/qishloq-ovozi-kumtor-cyanide-spill-compensation-gold-mining/30797137.html Papillon, M., Leclair, J., & Leydet, D. (2020). Free, Prior and Informed Consent: Between Legal Ambiguity and Political Agency. Retrieved from Brill: https://brill.com/view/journals/ijgr/27/2/article-p223_223.xml?language=en PDAC. (n.d.). e3 Plus. Retrieved from https://www.pdac.ca/programs-and-advocacy/driving-responsible-exploration/toolkits/principles/introduction Peck, A. E. (2004). Economic development in kazakhstan : the role of large enterprises and foreign investment. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4324/978020356342 Pérez, L., Hunt, D., Samandari, H., Nuttall, R., & Biniek.Krysta. (2021). Does ESG really matter—and why? Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/sustainability/our-insights/does-esg-really-matter-and-why Phillips, R., Freeman, E., & Wicks, A. (2003). What Stakeholder Theory Is Not. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3857968 Pistilli, M. (2023, May 10). Uranium Reserves: Top 5 Countries (Updated 2023). Retrieved from https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/energy-investing/uranium-investing/top-uranium-countries-by-reserves/ Pressbooks. (n.d.). Introduction. Retrieved from https://oer.pressbooks.pub/narrativejournalism/front-matter/introduction/ pwc. (2024). ESG Reporting Insights: Mining. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com/ca/en/today-s-issues/environmental-social-and-governance/esg-reporting-insights/mining.html Quantive. (n.d.). ESG Reporting Guide: 6 Essential Steps. Retrieved from https://quantive.com/resources/articles/esg-reporting# Ranängen, H. (n.d.). Stakeholder management theory meets CSR practice in Swedish mining. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13563-016-0098-z Reuters. (2022, December 16). Rio Tinto completes $3.3 bln Turquoise Hill deal for larger share in Mongolia project. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/rio-tinto-completes-33-bln-acquisition-canadas-turquoise-hill-2022-12-16/ Rimm. (2023). Unlocking the Power of ESG Benchmarking: A Short Guide. Retrieved from https://rimm.io/blog/unlocking-the-power-of-esg-benchmarking-a-short-guide/#:~:text=ESG%20benchmarking%20is%20the%20process,it%20promotes%20transparency%20and%20accountability. Rio Tinto. (n.d.). Sustainability reporting. Retrieved from https://www.riotinto.com/en/invest/reports/sustainability-report Rogalsky, A. (2019, May ). Report on Classification of Energy and Mineral Resources and its Management in the Kyrgyz Republic. Retrieved from https://unece.org/DAM/energy/se/pdfs/UNFC/proj/unfc_ca/Report_Class_EMR_KG_Arkady_Rogalsky.pdf Sahtú Renewable Resources Board. (n.d.). Minerals and mining, Port Radium. Retrieved from https://www.srrb.nt.ca/people-and-places/sahtu-atlas/102-sahtu-atlas/resources-and-development/201-uranium-and-the-sahtuot-ine Sandberg, J. (2008). Understanding the Separation Thesis. Retrieved from Business Ethics Quarterly: https://web-p-ebscohost-com.proxy.ubishops.ca:2443/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=202fbf4e-5880-48f4-814a-bf7de896ef75%40redis Saskatchewan Environmental Society . (2015, March). The Legacy of Uranium Mining in Saskatchewan: The Unacceptable Environmental Impacts of Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://environmentalsociety.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/The-Legacy-of-Uranium-Mining-in-Saskatchewan-FINAL.pdf Satke, R. (2016). Conflict continues at Kyrgyzstan’s massive gold mine. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/2/19/conflict-continues-at-kyrgyzstans-massive-gold-mine Sayer, B., Dumay, J., Guthrie, J., & Corazza, L. (2023). Making Sense of Stakeholder Management . Taylor and Francis. Sherman III, J. F. (2020). Beyond CSR: The Story of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Retrieved from Harvard Kennedy School: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/centers/mrcbg/files/CRI_AWP_71.pdf SMA. (2017). Uranium in Saskatchewan Facts on the Industry for 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cameco.com/uploads/downloads/2017_Uranium_Fact_Sheet.pdf Smaguca, T. (2022). Comparison of Normative, Instrumental and Descriptive Approaches to Stakeholder Theory . Retrieved from https://rsepconferences.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/10_TAMARA.pdf SociaLicense. (n.d.). Measuring the Social License. Retrieved from https://socialicense.com/measure.html Sordi, A. D. (2016). Legitimation and the Party of Power in Kazakhstan. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137489449_4 Sowell, T. (2015). Basic Economics: A Common Sense Guide to the Economy. New York : Basic Books. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy . (2002). The Definition of Morality. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/ENTRIES/morality-definition/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2013). The Concept of Evil. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/concept-evil/#KanTheEvi Stein, Z. (2024). What Is Sustainable Investing. Retrieved from https://www.carboncollective.co/sustainable-investing/what-is-sustainable-investing Stevens, R. (2010). Mineral Exploration and Mining Essentials. Canada: Library and Archives Canda Cataloguing in Publication. Study. (n.d.). What is the purpose of expository writing? Retrieved from https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-is-the-purpose-of-expository-writing.html#:~:text=The%20purpose%20of%20expository%20writing%20is%20to%20teach%20or%20help,it%20with%20descriptions%20and%20examples Study Smarter. (n.d.). Limitations of human rights. Retrieved from https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/law/human-rights-law/limitations-of-human-rights/#:~:text=Enforcing%20limitations%20on%20human%20rights,political%20influences%2C%20and%20cultural%20contexts Tech Informed. (2022, September 27). Almost 400 new mines needed to meet future EV battery demand, data finds. Retrieved from https://techinformed.com/almost-400-new-mines-needed-to-meet-future-ev-battery-demand-data-finds/ The Canadian Encyclopidia . (2011). Environmental Impact Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/environmental-impact-assessment#:~:text=EIA%20was%20formally%20introduced%20in,came%20into%20force%20in%201995 The Community Tool Box. (n.d.). Section 8. Identifying and Analyzing Stakeholders and Their Interests. Retrieved from https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/participation/encouraging-involvement/identify-stakeholders/main The Danish Institute for Human Rights. (n.d.). Signatories for United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://sdg.humanrights.dk/en/instrument/signees/28 The Human Rights Guide. (n.d.). Absolute rights. Retrieved from https://www.cilvektiesibugids.lv/en/themes/human-rights-restrictions/absolute-rights The Jordon B Peterson Podcast. (2023). 12 Rules for the Good of the Planet | Bjørn Lomborg | EP 345. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9m_6TVJysI Thomas, D. (n.d.). Northern Saskatchewan Environmental Quality Committee. Retrieved from Saskatchewan Ministry of Government Relations: https://natural-resources.canada.ca/sites/nrcan/files/mineralsmetals/files/pdf/rmd-rrm/Northern%20Saskatchewan%20Environmental%20Quality%20Committee.pdf Torys. (2023). Guide to mining regulatory and legal regimes in Canada. Retrieved from https://www.torys.com/our-latest-thinking/publications/2023/12/guide-to-mining-regulatory-and-legal-regimes-in-canada TPT. (n.d.). Report VS Narrative Writing. Retrieved from https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Report-VS-Narrative-Writing-4940633 Trafigura Foundation. (n.d.). Artisanal and Small Scale Mining National Federation (ASM-NF), Mongolia. Retrieved from https://www.trafigurafoundation.org/programmes/artisanal-and-small-scale-mining-national-federation-mongolia/ Trilling, D. (2013, October 21). Kyrgyzstan: Another Gold Mine Attacked as Kumtor Protests Continue. Retrieved from Eurasia: https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstan-another-gold-mine-attacked-as-kumtor-protests-continue U.S. Department of Energy. (n.d.). Uranium Mines. Retrieved from https://www.osti.gov/opennet/manhattan-project-history/Places/Other/uranium-mines.html UNDP. (2018). Managing Mining for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https://www.undp.org/publications/managing-mining-sustainable-development United Nations. (n.d.). Free Prior and Informed Consent An indigenous peoples’ right and a good practice for local communities. Retrieved from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/57fdec864.pdf United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. (2013). Free, Prior and Informed Consent of Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/FreePriorandInformedConsent.pdf United Nations. (n.d). Population. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population#:~:text=The%20world%20in%202100,surrounding%20these%20latest%20population%20projections. United Nations. (n.d.). Who are Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/5session_factsheet1.pdf United States Department of State. (2017). The Link Between Extractive Industries and Sex Trafficking. Retrieved from https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/272964.pdf Vancouver Sun. (2016, June 30). UN declaration doesn't give Canadian First Nations a veto: minister. Retrieved from https://vancouversun.com/news/politics/un-declaration-doesnt-give-canadian-first-nations-a-veto-minister Venditti, B. (2022 , January 23). Visualizing China’s Dominance in Clean Energy Metals. Retrieved from https://www.visualcapitalist.com/chinas-dominance-in-clean-energy-metals/ Wharton. (n.d.). When Engaging with Your Stakeholders Is Worth Its Weight in Gold. Retrieved from https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/podcast/knowledge-at-wharton-podcast/when-engaging-with-your-stakeholders-is-worth-its-weight-in-gold/ Wise Uranium. (2005, September 7). Impacts of Uranium Mining at Port Radium, NWT, Canada. Retrieved from http://www.wise-uranium.org/uippra.html Woźniak, J., & Jurczyk, W. (2022). SLO in CSR perspective—a comparative case study from poland (2018–2020). Retrieved from Resources Policy: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102654 World Gold Council. (n.d.). What We Do. Retrieved from https://www.gold.org/what-we-do World Nuclear Association. (2020). Occupational Safety in Uranium Mining. Retrieved from https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/radiation-and-health/occupational-safety-in-uranium-mining.aspx worldfavor. (n.d.). 5 sustainability reporting frameworks to help your organization set priorities. Retrieved from https://blog.worldfavor.com/5-sustainability-reporting-frameworks-to-help-your-organization-set-priorities#:~:text=The%20main%20aim%20of%20sustainability,planet%2C%20society%20and%20the%20economy. Worldflavor. (n.d.). What are the GRI standards? Retrieved from https://blog.worldfavor.com/what-are-the-gri-standardszh_TW