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題名 自用住宅優惠稅率對台灣房屋市場的影響
The Impact of Owner-occupied Housing Preferential Tax Rates on Taiwan’s Housing Market
作者 湯子萱
Tang, Tzu-Hsuan
貢獻者 朱琇妍
湯子萱
Tang, Tzu-Hsuan
關鍵詞 動態隨機一般均衡模型
自用住宅
房屋稅
移轉稅
房價
DSGE model
Owner-occupied housing
House tax
Transfer tax
Housing prices
日期 2024
上傳時間 4-Sep-2024 14:45:28 (UTC+8)
摘要 我國政府為抑制房價,打擊短期炒作交易,在進行施政考量時,多以調高非自用住宅之持有成本與交易條件作為政策手段,差別租稅待遇亦促使家計單位針對不動產購置標的與使用目的做出差異化決策。本研究使用動態隨機一般均衡模型分析政策變動,包含:自用與非自用住宅之相關稅率、利率及可貸成數,對台灣房屋市場的影響。結果顯示,調高非自住房屋稅與非自用房地移轉稅稅率會推升房價和租金價格,恐將背離政府欲以調高囤房稅稅率或房地合一短期交易的稅率來抑制房價之預期目標。調升自住房屋稅、自用房地移轉稅稅率及利率,或調降購屋借款利息扣除比例及可貸成數,則有助於修正房價和租金價格。然而,可抑制房價之政策變動中,除調升自用房地移轉稅稅率及利率外,皆會降低剛性自住需求者(借款者)之購屋意願,升息政策雖不直接打擊借款者之置產動機,但平抑房價之效果相對不彰。故經比較,調高自用房地移轉稅稅率除可有效抑制房價,維持剛性自住需求者的購屋意願,亦可促使儲蓄者購買並釋出非自用房產以供租賃,解決租屋市場供需失衡的問題,應是上述政策中較理想之政策工具。
To stabilize housing prices and curb short-term speculation, the government often increases holding costs and transaction conditions for non-owner-occupied properties. These differentiated treatments prompt households to make distinct real estate decisions. This study employs a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model to analyze the impact of policy changes in tax rates, interest rates, and Loan-to-Value (LTV) ratios for owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied housing on Taiwan's housing market. The results indicate that raising house and transfer taxes on non-owner-occupied properties can increase housing and rental prices, potentially conflicting with the goal of controlling housing prices through higher taxes on house hoarding and short-term transactions. Increasing the house and transfer tax rates for owner-occupied housing, as well as interest rates, or decreasing the mortgage interest deduction ratio and LTV ratios, can moderate housing and rental prices. However, among the policy changes aimed at restraining housing prices, only raising the transfer tax rate for owner-occupied housing and interest rates will not reduce home-buying willingness of rigid demand homebuyers (borrowers). Although raising interest rates does not directly affect borrowers’ purchase intentions, its impact on price depression is limited. In summary, increasing the transfer tax rate on owner-occupied properties effectively curbs housing prices, maintains the purchasing motivation of borrowers, and encourages savers to purchase and release non-owner-occupied properties for rental, addressing the rental market imbalances. This makes it a more ideal policy instrument among the options considered.
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(2016), “Housing and Tax Tolicy.” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 48(2-3), 485-512. Alpanda, S., and Zubairy, S. (2017), “Addressing Household Indebtedness: Monetary, Fiscal or Macroprudential Policy?.” European Economic Review, 92, 47-73. Akinci, O., and Olmstead-Rumsey, J. (2018), “How Effective are Macroprudential Policies? An Empirical Investigation.” Journal of Financial Intermediation, 33, 33-57. Ater, I., Elster, Y., and Hoffmann, E. (2021), “Real-estate Investors, House Prices and Rents: Evidence from Capital-gains Tax Changes.” Maurice Falk Institute for Economic Research in Israel. Discussion paper series., (1), 1-33. Cho, S. -W., and Francis, J. (2011), “Tax Treatment of Owner Occupied Housing and Wealth Inequality.” Journal of Macroeconomics, 33(1), 42-60. Chu, S. -Y. (2018), “Macroeconomic Policies and Housing Market in Taiwan.” International Review of Economics & Finance, 58, 404-421. Chu, S. -Y. (2022), “What Affects the Fraction of Collateral-constrained Households in the Housing Market? The Case of Taiwan.” Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 1-28. Ghiaie, H., and Rouillard, J. -F. (2022), “Housing Tax Expenditures and Financial Intermediation.” Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 55(2), 937-970. He, Y., and Xia, F. (2020), “Heterogeneous Traders, House Prices and Healthy Urban Housing Market: A DSGE Model Based on Behavioral Economics.” Habitat International, 96, 102085. Hwang, Y. -N., and Ho, P. -Y. (2012), “Optimal Monetary Policy for Taiwan: A Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Framework.” Academia Economic Papers, 40(4), 447. Iacoviello, M., and Neri, S. (2010), “Housing Market Spillovers: Evidence from an Estimated DSGE Model.” American economic journal: macroeconomics, 2(2), 125-164. Kuttner, K. N., and Shim, I. (2016), “Can Non-interest Rate Policies Stabilize Housing Markets? Evidence from a Panel of 57 Economies.” Journal of Financial Stability, 26, 31-44. Kuttner, K., and Shim, I. (2012), “Taming the Real Estate Beast: The Effects of Monetary and Macroprudential Policies on Housing Prices and Credit.” Reserve bank of Australia conference. Lin, S. -H., Li, J. -H., Hsieh, J. -C., Huang, X., and Chen, J. -T. (2018), “Impact of Property Tax on Housing-market Disequilibrium in Different Regions: Evidence from Taiwan for the Period 1982–2016.” Sustainability, 10(11), 4318. Miller, N., Pennington-Cross, A., and Sklarz, M. (2020), “Property Tax Rates and House Prices: The Impact of Relatively High and Low Property Tax Rates.” Journal of Property Tax Assessment & Administration, 17(1), 4. Singh, B. (2023), “Housing Prices and Macroprudential Policies: Evidence from Microdata.” Economic Systems, 47(1), 101008. Song, X. (2015), “Housing Boom-bust and Price-rent Dynamics over the Business Cycle.” Available at SSRN 2565488. Sun, X., and Tsang, K. -P. (2017), “What Drives the Owner‐occupied and Rental Housing Markets? Evidence from an Estimated DSGE Model.” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 49(2-3), 443-468. Teo, W. -L. (2009), “Estimated Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model of the Taiwanese Economy.” Pacific Economic Review, 14(2), 194-231. Wang, P. -Y. (2021), “Does Taiwan Need a Macro-prudential Policy? How to Do It? How to Coordinate with Monetary Policy?.” Academia Economic Papers, 49(1), 1- 40.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系
111255029
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111255029
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 朱琇妍zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 湯子萱zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tang, Tzu-Hsuanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 湯子萱zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tang, Tzu-Hsuanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2024en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-Sep-2024 14:45:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-Sep-2024 14:45:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Sep-2024 14:45:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0111255029en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153325-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財政學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 111255029zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 我國政府為抑制房價,打擊短期炒作交易,在進行施政考量時,多以調高非自用住宅之持有成本與交易條件作為政策手段,差別租稅待遇亦促使家計單位針對不動產購置標的與使用目的做出差異化決策。本研究使用動態隨機一般均衡模型分析政策變動,包含:自用與非自用住宅之相關稅率、利率及可貸成數,對台灣房屋市場的影響。結果顯示,調高非自住房屋稅與非自用房地移轉稅稅率會推升房價和租金價格,恐將背離政府欲以調高囤房稅稅率或房地合一短期交易的稅率來抑制房價之預期目標。調升自住房屋稅、自用房地移轉稅稅率及利率,或調降購屋借款利息扣除比例及可貸成數,則有助於修正房價和租金價格。然而,可抑制房價之政策變動中,除調升自用房地移轉稅稅率及利率外,皆會降低剛性自住需求者(借款者)之購屋意願,升息政策雖不直接打擊借款者之置產動機,但平抑房價之效果相對不彰。故經比較,調高自用房地移轉稅稅率除可有效抑制房價,維持剛性自住需求者的購屋意願,亦可促使儲蓄者購買並釋出非自用房產以供租賃,解決租屋市場供需失衡的問題,應是上述政策中較理想之政策工具。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) To stabilize housing prices and curb short-term speculation, the government often increases holding costs and transaction conditions for non-owner-occupied properties. These differentiated treatments prompt households to make distinct real estate decisions. This study employs a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model to analyze the impact of policy changes in tax rates, interest rates, and Loan-to-Value (LTV) ratios for owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied housing on Taiwan's housing market. The results indicate that raising house and transfer taxes on non-owner-occupied properties can increase housing and rental prices, potentially conflicting with the goal of controlling housing prices through higher taxes on house hoarding and short-term transactions. Increasing the house and transfer tax rates for owner-occupied housing, as well as interest rates, or decreasing the mortgage interest deduction ratio and LTV ratios, can moderate housing and rental prices. However, among the policy changes aimed at restraining housing prices, only raising the transfer tax rate for owner-occupied housing and interest rates will not reduce home-buying willingness of rigid demand homebuyers (borrowers). Although raising interest rates does not directly affect borrowers’ purchase intentions, its impact on price depression is limited. In summary, increasing the transfer tax rate on owner-occupied properties effectively curbs housing prices, maintains the purchasing motivation of borrowers, and encourages savers to purchase and release non-owner-occupied properties for rental, addressing the rental market imbalances. This makes it a more ideal policy instrument among the options considered.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻回顧 7 第一節 自用住宅優惠之相關文獻 7 第二節 房屋政策之相關文獻 9 第三章 模型設立 13 第一節 家計部門 16 第二節 廠商 22 第三節 政府與中央銀行 26 第四節 市場結清條件 28 第五節 外生衝擊 28 第四章 參數設定與模型校正 31 第一節 參數設定 31 第二節 恆定值計算 32 第五章 結果分析 39 第一節 自住房屋稅稅率衝擊 40 第二節 非自住房屋稅稅率衝擊 42 第三節 自用房地移轉稅稅率衝擊 44 第四節 非自用房地移轉稅稅率衝擊 46 第五節 購屋借款利息扣除比例衝擊 48 第六節 可貸成數衝擊 50 第七節 利率衝擊 52 第八節 小結 54 第六章 結論 56 第一節 研究發現 56 第二節 研究限制與未來研究方向 59 參考文獻 60 第一節 中文文獻 60 第二節 英文文獻 63 附錄 66 第一節 家計部門 66 第二節 廠商 78 第三節 政府與中央銀行 83 第四節 市場結清條件 86 第五節 外生衝擊 87zh_TW
dc.format.extent 5360494 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111255029en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動態隨機一般均衡模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自用住宅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 房屋稅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移轉稅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 房價zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) DSGE modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Owner-occupied housingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) House taxen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transfer taxen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Housing pricesen_US
dc.title (題名) 自用住宅優惠稅率對台灣房屋市場的影響zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Impact of Owner-occupied Housing Preferential Tax Rates on Taiwan’s Housing Marketen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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