Publications-學位論文
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
Google ScholarTM
NCCU Library
Citation Infomation
Related Publications in TAIR
題名 發展型國家與台灣半導體產業之研究：以台積電為例
The Developmental State and Taiwan’s Semiconductor Industry: A Case Study of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company作者 路博思
Polat, Busenur貢獻者 冷則剛
Leng, Tse-Kang
路博思
Busenur Polat關鍵詞 發展國家模型
TSMC
半導體產業
地緣政治
經濟安全
美台中關係
供應鏈
developmental state paradigm
TSMC
semiconductor industry
geopolitics
economic security
US-Taiwan-China relations
supply chain日期 2025 上傳時間 1-Jul-2025 14:30:32 (UTC+8) 摘要 這篇論文批判性地檢視了發展國家模型，並聚焦於台灣積體電路製造公司（TSMC）及其在中國與美國關係及日益加劇的地緣政治緊張局勢中的獨特地位。傳統上，發展國家模型以政府主導的經濟增長與發展為目標，但本研究認為TSMC對這一框架構成挑戰。雖然TSMC是在台灣國家主導的工業政策中誕生，但它已經發展成為一家領先的企業，其企業策略更多由市場力量與國際商業利益驅動，而非政府指令。事實上，TSMC的成功使其處於一種情況，即台灣政府經常追隨TSMC的領導，這與傳統發展國家模型強調的情形相反。本論文著重於TSMC的全球商業策略之間的張力，包括它在半導體供應鏈中的關鍵角色，以及來自中國和美國等國家關係所引發的地緣政治風險。儘管台灣政府不再對TSMC行使重大權力，但美國對該公司的影響突顯了全球秩序中的錯綜複雜動態。透過與商業界人士的質性訪談，本研究探討他們對TSMC利益如何偏離傳統發展國家模型的看法，以及這對台灣經濟與安全環境的意涵。總結來說，TSMC的案例突顯了傳統發展國家模型在當前全球舞台上的局限性與不足，特別是在自由與市場導向原則主導，且地緣政治緊張關係正在重新定義國家與企業在經濟增長中的角色之際。
This thesis critically examines the developmental state paradigm, focusing on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) and its unique position, particularly in the context of China-US relations and growing geopolitical tensions. Traditionally, the developmental state model aims for government-led economic growth and development, but this study argues that TSMC poses a challenge to this framework. While TSMC was born within Taiwan's state-sponsored industrial policies, it has evolved into a leading company whose corporate strategies are driven by market forces and international business interests rather than government directives. In fact, TSMC's success has positioned it in such a way that the Taiwanese government often follows TSMC's lead, contrary to what the traditional developmental state model emphasizes. This thesis focuses on the tension between TSMC's global business strategies, including its critical role in the semiconductor supply chain, and the geopolitical risks arising from its relations with China and the US in particular. While the Taiwanese government no longer exercises significant authority over TSMC, US influence over the company highlights the intricate dynamics in the global order. Through qualitative interviews with business figures, this research explores their perspectives on how TSMC's interests have shifted away from the traditional developmental state model and what this means for Taiwan's economic and security environment. To sum up, the case of TSMC highlights the limits and shortcomings of the traditional developmental state paradigm in the current global stage where liberal and market-oriented principles dominate and geopolitical tensions are redefining the roles of state and business in economic growth.參考文獻 REFERENCES: Amsden, A. H. 1989. Asia's next giant: South Korea and late industrialization. Oxford University Press. Areej. (2024, March 2). NVIDIA Expanded its TSMC Foundry Share to 11% in 2023, Beating AMD with GPUs Alone. Hardware Times. https://hardwaretimes.com/nvidia-tsmc foundry-share-2023/ Baldwin, D. A. (1997). The concept of security. Review of International Studies, 23(1), 5–26. doi:10.1017/S0260210597000053 Blanchard, B., & Lee, W.-Y. (2025, April 10). TSMC’s fourth-quarter revenue handily beats market forecast on Ai Demand | Reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/tsmcs fourth-quarter-revenue-handily-beats-market-forecast-2025-01-10/ Block, F., 2008. Swimming against the current: the rise of a hidden developmental state in the United States. Politics and society, 36 (2), 169–206. doi:10.1177/0032329208318731. Chang, H., & Tseng, J. (2025, March 12). TSMC pitching Nvidia, AMD to join takeover of Intel Fabs: Reuters. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/taiwan-news/business/250312017/tsmc-pitching-nvidia-amd-to-join-takeover-of-intel-fabs-reuters Chen, J., Lin, H., & Lien, Y. (2021, July 30). Taiwan’s Shifting Role in the Global Supply Chain in the U.S.- China Trade War. Keia. https://keia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/KEI_JointUS-Korea_2021_3_14.pdf Chen, M. (2023, May 5). TSMC growing presence in EV sector. DIGITIMES ASIA. https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20230504PD211/tsmc-ic-manufacturing-electric-vehicles-automotive-ic.html Chiang, M.-H. (2023). Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company: A key chip in the global political economy. East Asian Policy, 15(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179393052300003X Chen, J. H., & T. S. Jan. (2005). A System Dynamics Model of the Semiconductor Industry Development in Taiwan. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 56(10), 1141 1150. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4102231 Chu, Y. wah. (2021). Democratization, globalization, and institutional adaptation: the developmental states of South Korea and Taiwan. Review of International Political Economy, 28(1), 59–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2019.1652671 Criekemans, David. (2023). Grounding World Politics Anew. Reflections on the continued relevance of Geopolitics to the study of today’s international relations. Doner, R. F. (1992). Limits of State Strength: Toward an Institutionalist View of Economic Development. World Politics, 44(3), 398–431. EETimes. (2006, August 3). Smic Down, chartered up in Foundry Rankings. EE Times. https://www.eetimes.com/smic-down-chartered-up-in-foundry-rankings/ Evans, P.B., 1995. Embedded autonomy: states and industrial transformation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Evans, P. (2014). The Developmental State: Divergent Responses to Modern Economic Theory and the Twenty-First-Century Economy. Executive Yuan of ROC. (2016). New Southbound Policy Promotion Plan (online). Available at: http://english.ey.gov.tw/News_Hot_Topic.aspx?n=614 7D180AD652D77&sms=B5449820D7077391. Accessed on 15 November 2016. Freifeld, K., & Potkin, F. (2024, November 10). Exclusive: US ordered TSMC to halt shipments to China of chips used in AI Applications | Reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-ordered-tsmc-halt-shipments-china-chips-used ai-applications-source-says-2024-11-10/ Fuller, Douglas. (2007). Globalization for Nation-Building: Taiwan’s Industrial and Technology Policies for High-Technology Sectors. Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics. 18. 203 224. 10.1177/02601079X07001800205. Fuller, Douglas. (2021). The increasing irrelevance of industrial policy in Taiwan, 2016–2020. 10.4324/9781003206323-6. Focus Taiwan. (2023, June 16). Taiwan ranked no. 1 semiconductor material buyer in 2022: English news. 僑務電子報. https://ocacnews.net/article/342674 Garreffa, A. (2024, April 19). TSMC’s top 3 customers in 2023: Apple with 25%, Nvidia with 11%, and AMD with 7%. TweakTown. https://www.tweaktown.com/news/97457/tsmcs-top-3-customers-in-2023-apple-with-25-nvidia-11-and-amd-7/index.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Gold, T. (1986). State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe. Graham , J. (n.d.). Military power vs economic power in history. Military Power vs Economic Power - On This Day. Retrieved April 25. (2025). https://www.onthisday.com/world/power.php Haggard, Stephan & Wade, Robert & Gereffi, Gary & Wyman, Donald. (1992). Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. The American Political Science Review. 86. 280. 10.2307/1964105. Hamrin, O. (2024, August 27). The Silicon Empire: TSMC’s revolution and Morris Chang’s legacy. Quartr. https://quartr.com/insights/company-research/the-silicon-empire-tsmcs revolution-and-morris-changs-legacy He, T. (2021). The Political Economy of developmental states in East Asia: South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. Palgrave Macmillan. Hung, Shih-Chang & Whittington, Richard, 2000. "Playing by the Rules: Institutional Foundations of Success and Failure in the Taiwanese IT Industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 47-53, January. Hsueh, L.-M., Hsu, C.-K., & Perkins, D. (2003). Industrialization and the State: The Changing Role of The Taiwan Government in the Economy, 1945–1998. Harvard Studies in International Development. Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). (2024). Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry Hall of Fame. https://50th.itri.org.tw/en/history/semiconductors/2/ Khan, S. M., Mann, A., & Peterson, D. (2021, January). The Semiconductor Supply Chain: Assessing National Competitiveness. GSET. https://gwern.net/doc/cs/hardware/2021-khan.pdf Kim, E. M. (1993). Contradictions and Limits of a Developmental State: With Illustrations from the South Korean Case. Social Problems, 40(2), 228–249. Lee, K. (2025a, March 20). How Russia-US talks on Ukraine shake Taiwanese confidence in America’s commitment. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/how-russia-us-talks-on-ukraine-shake-taiwanese-confidence-in-americas-commitment/ Lee, W.-Y. (2025b, April 15). AMD set to produce its CPU chip at TSMC plant in Arizona | reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/amd-ceo-says-ready-start-chip-production-arizona-make-more-ai-servers-us-2025-04-15/ Lim, H. (2009). Democratisation and the Transformation Process in East Asian Developmental States: Financial Reform in Korea and Taiwan. Asian Perspective, 33(1), 75–110. Lim, H. (2010). The Transformation of the Developmental State and Economic Reform in Korea. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 40(2), 188–210. Lim, L. (2025, March 12). TSMC’s $100 billion U.S. investment won’t shake up the supply chain: “most of TSMC’s capacity is still in Taiwan.” Fortune Asia. https://fortune.com/asia/2025/03/12/tsmc-us-investment-change-chip-supply-chain taiwan/?utm_source=chatgpt.com Making Taiwan a high-end production hub for Asia and an Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Center. Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan). (2022, August 30). https://english.ey.gov.tw/News3/9E5540D592A5FECD/22199706-ce66-4e61-943c-1dc82d5be6ff Mazzucato, M., 2013. The entrepreneurial state: debunking public vs. private sector myths. Vol. 1. London: Anthem Press. McFarlane, G. (2024, November 13). How taiwan semiconductor manufacturing company makes money. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/012716/how-taiwan-semiconductor-manufacturing-makes-money-tsm.asp#:~:text=There%20were%20several%20contributing%20factors,for%20the%20most%20advanced%20chips Meaney, C. (1994). State policy and the development of Taiwan’s semiconductor industry. In Aberbach, J., Dollar, D., & Sokoloff, K. (Eds.) The role of the state in Taiwan’s development Miller, C. (2022). Chip war: The fight for the world’s most critical technology. Scribner. Minns, John. (2001). Of miracles and models: The rise and decline of the developmental state in South Korea. Third World Quarterly - THIRD WORLD Q. 22. 1025-1043. 10.1080/01436590120099777. Mody, S. (2024, October 28). Trump accuses Taiwan of stealing U.S. chip industry. here’s what the election could bring. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2024/10/28/trump-accuses-taiwan-of stealing-us-chip-business-on-joe-rogan-podcast.html Momoko, K. (2022). Taiwan’s TSMC as a Focal Point of US-China High-Tech Conflict. Asia Pacific Review, 29, 5 - 12. Moon, C., & Prasad, B. (1998). Network, Politics, and Institutions. In S. Chan, C. Clark, & D. Lam (Eds.), Beyond the Developmental State: East Asia’s Political Economies Reconsidered (pp. 9–24). New York: St. Martin’s Press. National Academies Press. (2013). Taiwan’s Industrial Technology Research Institute: A cradle of future industries (Appendix A3). In 21st Century Manufacturing: The Role of the Manufacturing Extension Partnership Program. The National Academies Press https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/18448/chapter/14 Nenni, D. (2023a, August 14). How Taiwan saved the Semiconductor Industry. Semiwiki. https://semiwiki.com/semiconductor-manufacturers/332977-how-taiwan-saved-the-semiconductor-industry/ Nenni, D. (2023b, August 15). Morris Chang’s journey to Taiwan and TSMC. Semiwiki. https://semiwiki.com/semiconductor-manufacturers/333296-morris-changs-journey-to-taiwan/ Nesadurai, Helen. (2009). Conceptualising economic security in an era of globalisation: what does the East Asian experience reveal?. Nguyen, B. (2024, May 7). The rise of TSMC: How one chipmaker started making everyone’s chips. Quartz. https://qz.com/taiwan-semiconductor-manufacturing-company-tsmc -chips-1851455264 Olga Hrynkiv, 'Export Controls and Securitization of Economic Policy: Comparative Analysis of the Practice of the United States, the European Union, China, and Russia', (2022), 56, Journal of World Trade, Issue 4, pp. 633-656, https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/Journal+of+World+Trade/56.4/TRAD2022026 O’Riain, S., 2004. The politics of high-tech growth: developmental network states in the global economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Overview on Taiwan Semiconductor Industry (2022 Edition). TSIA. (2022). https://www.tsia.org.tw/api/DownloadOverview?ID=1 Page, J. 1994. "The East Asian Miracle: Building a Basis for Growth. " In The east asian miracle: Building a basis for Growth. International Monetary Fund. Perkel, S., & Cosgrove, E. (2025, April 14). Nvidia dips its toes further into the “American-made” waters. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/nvidia-us-manufacturing-blackwell-arizona-ai-supercomputer-texas-2025-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com Radice, H. (2008). The developmental state under global neoliberalism. Third World Quarterly, 29(6), 1153–1174. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590802201121 Robertson, S. (2024, September 6). Is the “silicon shield” real? Domino Theory. https://dominotheory.com/is-the-silicon-shield-real/ Sanghvi, P. (2025, February 23). API documentation. Nvidia to Match Apple’s Spending on TSMC as AI Dri... https://site.financialmodelingprep.com/market-news/nvidia-to-match-apples-spending-on-tsmc-as-ai-drives-growth?utm_source=chatgpt.com Sharif As-Saber & Charmine Härtel (2023) Cocktail Geopolitics and the Changing Nature of Governance, International Journal of Public Administration, 46:5, 373-388, DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2021.2001009 Schumpeter. (2023, January 19). TSMC is making the best of a bad geopolitical situation. The Economist. https://www.economist.com/business/2023/01/19/tsmc-is-making-the-best-of a-bad-geopolitical-situation Shilov, A. (2024, March 1). Analyst estimates Nvidia is now TSMC’s second largest customer accounting for 11% of revenue in 2023. Tom’s Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/analyst-estimates-nvidia-is-now-tsmcs second-largest-customer-accounting-for-11-of-revenue-in-2023 Shivakumar, S., & Wessner, C. (2022, June 8). Semiconductors and national defense: What are the stakes?.CSIS.https://www.csis.org/analysis/semiconductors-and-national-defense-what -are-stakes Staahl, D. (2024, November 15). Ex-employee claims TSMC holds American workers to stricter standards than Taiwanese at Arizona plant. Arizona’s Family. https://www.azfamily.com/2024/11/15/ex-tsmc-worker-americans-held-higher-standard -than-taiwan-workers/ Taipei Times. (2014, March 25). TSMC eyes 50% global market share. Taipei Times. https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2014/03/26/2003586522 TaiwanPlus. (2023, August 23). How TSMC became Taiwan’s Silicon Shield and the future of semiconductors. https://www.taiwanplus.com/shows/tech/taiwan keywords/230823010/how-tsmc-became-taiwans-silicon-shield-and-the-future-of semiconductors TaiwanPlus. (2025a, March 5). TSMC announces additional US$100B investment in U.S. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/live-news/2/tsmc-announces additional-us100b investment-in-us TaiwanPlus. (2025b, March 19). TSMC Mega Deal, Taiwan on Ukraine, & China’s two sessions. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/news shows/correspondents/250319022/tsmc-mega-deal-taiwan-on-ukraine-and-chinas-two-sessions Teng, P. (2025, March 6). TSMC chair joins Lai for impromptu press event, in bid to dispel concerns - focus Taiwan. TSMC chair joins Lai for impromptu press event, in bid to dispel concerns. https://focustaiwan.tw/business/202503060023 Tung, An-Chi. (2001). Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry: What the State Did and Did Not. Review of Development Economics. 5. 266-88. 10.1111/1467-9361.00123. Tung, A.-C. (2001), Taiwan’s Semiconductor Industry: What the State Did and Did Not. Review of Development Economics, 5: 266-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9361.00123 Tung, C.-Y. (2023, August). Taiwan and the Global Semiconductor Supply Chain. https://www.roc-taiwan.org/uploads/sites/86/2023/08/20230824-TAIWAN-AND-THE-GLOBAL-SEMICONDUCTOR-SUPPLY-CHAIN.pdf TSMC’s 5NM and 3NM production lines fully booked until 2025, driven by AI chip demand. THEOUTPOST. (2024, November 13). https://theoutpost.ai/news-story/tsmc-s-5nm-and-3nm-production-lines-fully-booked-until-2025-driven-by-ai-chip-demand-8187/?utm_source=chatgpt.com TSMC. (2024, March 12). TSMC - Annual Report 2023 (I). https://investor.tsmc.com/sites/ir/annual-report/2023/2023%20Annual%20Report_E.pdf Odake, Nobutaka & Tokumaru, Norio. (2012). Model of innovation system in public research institutions: The cases of IMEC from Belgium and ITRI from Taiwan. 1601-1607. Walt, Stephen M. (1991) ‘The Renaissance of Security Studies’, International Studies Quarterly, 35 (2): 211-39. Weiss, L., 1995. Governed interdependence: rethinking the government-business relationship in East Asia. The Pacific review, 8 (4), 589–616. Weiss, L. (1998). The Myth of the Powerless State: Governing the Economy in a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press. Weiss, L., & Thurbon, E. (2021). Developmental state or economic statecraft? where, why and how the Difference Matters. New Political Economy, 26(3), 472–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2020.1766431 Wikipedia. (n.d.). Morris Chang. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Chang Wikipedia. (2025, June). Industrial Technology Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Technology_Research_Institute Williams, M. (Ed.). (2014). The End of the Developmental State? (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315884363 Wong, Chan-Yuan & Lee, Keun. (2021). Evolution of innovation systems of two industrial districts in East Asia: transformation and upgrade from a peripheral system and the role of the core firms, Samsung and TSMC. Journal of Evolutionary Economics. 32. 10.1007/s00191-021 00755-2. Wu, C. H. (2024). Taiwan's Economic Security in the Shadow of Chips Nationalism (August 01, 2024). Journal of World Trade, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4913668 Vuu, C. (2024). Taiwan’s semiconductor strategy: A developmental state model for economic growth. Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. https://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/sip/72/ Wu, S. (2023, July 28). TSMC says it is “rooted in Taiwan” even as it expands abroad | reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/tsmc-says-it-remains-rooted-taiwan company-ramps-up-global-expansion-2023-07-28/ Wu, Y. (2004). Rethinking the Taiwanese Developmental State. The China Quarterly, 177, 91 114. doi:10.1017/S0305741004000062 Y, J. (2022, June 28). How Taiwan created TSMC｜Meet Global. Meet Global. https://meet-global.bnext.com.tw/articles/view/47727 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
112926017資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112926017 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 冷則剛 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Leng, Tse-Kang en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 路博思 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Busenur Polat en_US dc.creator (作者) 路博思 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Polat, Busenur en_US dc.date (日期) 2025 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2025 14:30:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Jul-2025 14:30:32 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2025 14:30:32 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0112926017 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/157714 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 112926017 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 這篇論文批判性地檢視了發展國家模型，並聚焦於台灣積體電路製造公司（TSMC）及其在中國與美國關係及日益加劇的地緣政治緊張局勢中的獨特地位。傳統上，發展國家模型以政府主導的經濟增長與發展為目標，但本研究認為TSMC對這一框架構成挑戰。雖然TSMC是在台灣國家主導的工業政策中誕生，但它已經發展成為一家領先的企業，其企業策略更多由市場力量與國際商業利益驅動，而非政府指令。事實上，TSMC的成功使其處於一種情況，即台灣政府經常追隨TSMC的領導，這與傳統發展國家模型強調的情形相反。本論文著重於TSMC的全球商業策略之間的張力，包括它在半導體供應鏈中的關鍵角色，以及來自中國和美國等國家關係所引發的地緣政治風險。儘管台灣政府不再對TSMC行使重大權力，但美國對該公司的影響突顯了全球秩序中的錯綜複雜動態。透過與商業界人士的質性訪談，本研究探討他們對TSMC利益如何偏離傳統發展國家模型的看法，以及這對台灣經濟與安全環境的意涵。總結來說，TSMC的案例突顯了傳統發展國家模型在當前全球舞台上的局限性與不足，特別是在自由與市場導向原則主導，且地緣政治緊張關係正在重新定義國家與企業在經濟增長中的角色之際。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis critically examines the developmental state paradigm, focusing on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) and its unique position, particularly in the context of China-US relations and growing geopolitical tensions. Traditionally, the developmental state model aims for government-led economic growth and development, but this study argues that TSMC poses a challenge to this framework. While TSMC was born within Taiwan's state-sponsored industrial policies, it has evolved into a leading company whose corporate strategies are driven by market forces and international business interests rather than government directives. In fact, TSMC's success has positioned it in such a way that the Taiwanese government often follows TSMC's lead, contrary to what the traditional developmental state model emphasizes. This thesis focuses on the tension between TSMC's global business strategies, including its critical role in the semiconductor supply chain, and the geopolitical risks arising from its relations with China and the US in particular. While the Taiwanese government no longer exercises significant authority over TSMC, US influence over the company highlights the intricate dynamics in the global order. Through qualitative interviews with business figures, this research explores their perspectives on how TSMC's interests have shifted away from the traditional developmental state model and what this means for Taiwan's economic and security environment. To sum up, the case of TSMC highlights the limits and shortcomings of the traditional developmental state paradigm in the current global stage where liberal and market-oriented principles dominate and geopolitical tensions are redefining the roles of state and business in economic growth. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents ABSTRACS…………………………………………………2 TABLE OF CONTENT………………………………………………………………4 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………6 1. LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………….......9 1.1. Taiwan’s Semiconductor Industry………………………9 1.2. The Developmental State Paradigm…………………………………………..16 1.2.1. Origins and Key Concepts………………………..16 1.2.2. Key Characteristics of the DS Model and Examples from cases…….18 1.3. Challenges to the Developmental State in the Global Economy and Neoliberal Order………………………..22 1.4. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………......27 2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND METHODOLOGY…………….......30 2.1. Research Questions……………………………..30 2.2. Data Collection………………………………….32 2.2.1. Available Data Sets: Articles and Newspaper Reports…………32 2.2.2. Interviews with Former TSMC Employees……………………33 2.2.2.1. Participant Selection………………………………….33 2.2.2.2. Interview Process and Ethical Considerations……….34 2.2.3. Data Analysis…………………………………………..34 2.3. Justification of Approach………………………………………35 2.4. Conclusion…………………………………………35 3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…………………………....37 3.1. Developmental State Paradigm as a Framework………37 3.2. Application of the Developmental State Paradigm……….38 3.2.1. The Role Of the Government and Industrial Policies…..38 3.2.2. Bureaucratic Autonomy and the Limits of Government Influence….39 3.2.3. Public-Private Relations and Institutional Autonomy…………..39 3.3. Conceptual Framework………………………………………………40 3.3.1. Economic Security……………………………..….40 3.3.2. Geopolitics………………………………………..42 3.3.3. The Diagram………………………………………45 3.4. Conclusion……………………………………………….46 4. THE TSMC CASE……....…………………………………………….47 4.1. The Erosion of the Developmental State Paradigm…………….47 4.2. State-Business Relations………………………………………………49 4.3. Technology and Innovation…………………………………………..55 4.3.1. AI Acceleration and Market Driven Innovation……………..57 4.3.2. Innovation Beyond the Developmental State……………59 4.4. TSMC and the Global Supply Chain……………………………60 4.5. Impacts of Geopolitics………………………………………64 5. CONCLUSION……………………………………………73 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………..79 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1930637 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112926017 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 發展國家模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) TSMC zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 半導體產業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地緣政治 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 經濟安全 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美台中關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應鏈 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) developmental state paradigm en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) TSMC en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) semiconductor industry en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) geopolitics en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) economic security en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) US-Taiwan-China relations en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) supply chain en_US dc.title (題名) 發展型國家與台灣半導體產業之研究：以台積電為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Developmental State and Taiwan’s Semiconductor Industry: A Case Study of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) REFERENCES: Amsden, A. H. 1989. Asia's next giant: South Korea and late industrialization. Oxford University Press. Areej. (2024, March 2). NVIDIA Expanded its TSMC Foundry Share to 11% in 2023, Beating AMD with GPUs Alone. Hardware Times. https://hardwaretimes.com/nvidia-tsmc foundry-share-2023/ Baldwin, D. A. (1997). The concept of security. Review of International Studies, 23(1), 5–26. doi:10.1017/S0260210597000053 Blanchard, B., & Lee, W.-Y. (2025, April 10). TSMC’s fourth-quarter revenue handily beats market forecast on Ai Demand | Reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/tsmcs fourth-quarter-revenue-handily-beats-market-forecast-2025-01-10/ Block, F., 2008. Swimming against the current: the rise of a hidden developmental state in the United States. Politics and society, 36 (2), 169–206. doi:10.1177/0032329208318731. Chang, H., & Tseng, J. (2025, March 12). TSMC pitching Nvidia, AMD to join takeover of Intel Fabs: Reuters. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/taiwan-news/business/250312017/tsmc-pitching-nvidia-amd-to-join-takeover-of-intel-fabs-reuters Chen, J., Lin, H., & Lien, Y. (2021, July 30). Taiwan’s Shifting Role in the Global Supply Chain in the U.S.- China Trade War. Keia. https://keia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/KEI_JointUS-Korea_2021_3_14.pdf Chen, M. (2023, May 5). TSMC growing presence in EV sector. DIGITIMES ASIA. https://www.digitimes.com/news/a20230504PD211/tsmc-ic-manufacturing-electric-vehicles-automotive-ic.html Chiang, M.-H. (2023). Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company: A key chip in the global political economy. East Asian Policy, 15(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179393052300003X Chen, J. H., & T. S. Jan. (2005). A System Dynamics Model of the Semiconductor Industry Development in Taiwan. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 56(10), 1141 1150. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4102231 Chu, Y. wah. (2021). Democratization, globalization, and institutional adaptation: the developmental states of South Korea and Taiwan. Review of International Political Economy, 28(1), 59–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2019.1652671 Criekemans, David. (2023). Grounding World Politics Anew. Reflections on the continued relevance of Geopolitics to the study of today’s international relations. Doner, R. F. (1992). Limits of State Strength: Toward an Institutionalist View of Economic Development. World Politics, 44(3), 398–431. EETimes. (2006, August 3). Smic Down, chartered up in Foundry Rankings. EE Times. https://www.eetimes.com/smic-down-chartered-up-in-foundry-rankings/ Evans, P.B., 1995. Embedded autonomy: states and industrial transformation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Evans, P. (2014). The Developmental State: Divergent Responses to Modern Economic Theory and the Twenty-First-Century Economy. Executive Yuan of ROC. (2016). New Southbound Policy Promotion Plan (online). Available at: http://english.ey.gov.tw/News_Hot_Topic.aspx?n=614 7D180AD652D77&sms=B5449820D7077391. Accessed on 15 November 2016. Freifeld, K., & Potkin, F. (2024, November 10). Exclusive: US ordered TSMC to halt shipments to China of chips used in AI Applications | Reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-ordered-tsmc-halt-shipments-china-chips-used ai-applications-source-says-2024-11-10/ Fuller, Douglas. (2007). Globalization for Nation-Building: Taiwan’s Industrial and Technology Policies for High-Technology Sectors. Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics. 18. 203 224. 10.1177/02601079X07001800205. Fuller, Douglas. (2021). The increasing irrelevance of industrial policy in Taiwan, 2016–2020. 10.4324/9781003206323-6. Focus Taiwan. (2023, June 16). Taiwan ranked no. 1 semiconductor material buyer in 2022: English news. 僑務電子報. https://ocacnews.net/article/342674 Garreffa, A. (2024, April 19). TSMC’s top 3 customers in 2023: Apple with 25%, Nvidia with 11%, and AMD with 7%. TweakTown. https://www.tweaktown.com/news/97457/tsmcs-top-3-customers-in-2023-apple-with-25-nvidia-11-and-amd-7/index.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Gold, T. (1986). State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe. Graham , J. (n.d.). Military power vs economic power in history. Military Power vs Economic Power - On This Day. Retrieved April 25. (2025). https://www.onthisday.com/world/power.php Haggard, Stephan & Wade, Robert & Gereffi, Gary & Wyman, Donald. (1992). Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. The American Political Science Review. 86. 280. 10.2307/1964105. Hamrin, O. (2024, August 27). The Silicon Empire: TSMC’s revolution and Morris Chang’s legacy. Quartr. https://quartr.com/insights/company-research/the-silicon-empire-tsmcs revolution-and-morris-changs-legacy He, T. (2021). The Political Economy of developmental states in East Asia: South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. Palgrave Macmillan. Hung, Shih-Chang & Whittington, Richard, 2000. "Playing by the Rules: Institutional Foundations of Success and Failure in the Taiwanese IT Industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 47-53, January. Hsueh, L.-M., Hsu, C.-K., & Perkins, D. (2003). Industrialization and the State: The Changing Role of The Taiwan Government in the Economy, 1945–1998. Harvard Studies in International Development. Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). (2024). Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry Hall of Fame. https://50th.itri.org.tw/en/history/semiconductors/2/ Khan, S. M., Mann, A., & Peterson, D. (2021, January). The Semiconductor Supply Chain: Assessing National Competitiveness. GSET. https://gwern.net/doc/cs/hardware/2021-khan.pdf Kim, E. M. (1993). Contradictions and Limits of a Developmental State: With Illustrations from the South Korean Case. Social Problems, 40(2), 228–249. Lee, K. (2025a, March 20). How Russia-US talks on Ukraine shake Taiwanese confidence in America’s commitment. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/how-russia-us-talks-on-ukraine-shake-taiwanese-confidence-in-americas-commitment/ Lee, W.-Y. (2025b, April 15). AMD set to produce its CPU chip at TSMC plant in Arizona | reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/amd-ceo-says-ready-start-chip-production-arizona-make-more-ai-servers-us-2025-04-15/ Lim, H. (2009). Democratisation and the Transformation Process in East Asian Developmental States: Financial Reform in Korea and Taiwan. Asian Perspective, 33(1), 75–110. Lim, H. (2010). The Transformation of the Developmental State and Economic Reform in Korea. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 40(2), 188–210. Lim, L. (2025, March 12). TSMC’s $100 billion U.S. investment won’t shake up the supply chain: “most of TSMC’s capacity is still in Taiwan.” Fortune Asia. https://fortune.com/asia/2025/03/12/tsmc-us-investment-change-chip-supply-chain taiwan/?utm_source=chatgpt.com Making Taiwan a high-end production hub for Asia and an Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Center. Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan). (2022, August 30). https://english.ey.gov.tw/News3/9E5540D592A5FECD/22199706-ce66-4e61-943c-1dc82d5be6ff Mazzucato, M., 2013. The entrepreneurial state: debunking public vs. private sector myths. Vol. 1. London: Anthem Press. McFarlane, G. (2024, November 13). How taiwan semiconductor manufacturing company makes money. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/012716/how-taiwan-semiconductor-manufacturing-makes-money-tsm.asp#:~:text=There%20were%20several%20contributing%20factors,for%20the%20most%20advanced%20chips Meaney, C. (1994). State policy and the development of Taiwan’s semiconductor industry. In Aberbach, J., Dollar, D., & Sokoloff, K. (Eds.) The role of the state in Taiwan’s development Miller, C. (2022). Chip war: The fight for the world’s most critical technology. Scribner. Minns, John. (2001). Of miracles and models: The rise and decline of the developmental state in South Korea. Third World Quarterly - THIRD WORLD Q. 22. 1025-1043. 10.1080/01436590120099777. Mody, S. (2024, October 28). Trump accuses Taiwan of stealing U.S. chip industry. here’s what the election could bring. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2024/10/28/trump-accuses-taiwan-of stealing-us-chip-business-on-joe-rogan-podcast.html Momoko, K. (2022). Taiwan’s TSMC as a Focal Point of US-China High-Tech Conflict. Asia Pacific Review, 29, 5 - 12. Moon, C., & Prasad, B. (1998). Network, Politics, and Institutions. In S. Chan, C. Clark, & D. Lam (Eds.), Beyond the Developmental State: East Asia’s Political Economies Reconsidered (pp. 9–24). New York: St. Martin’s Press. National Academies Press. (2013). Taiwan’s Industrial Technology Research Institute: A cradle of future industries (Appendix A3). In 21st Century Manufacturing: The Role of the Manufacturing Extension Partnership Program. The National Academies Press https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/18448/chapter/14 Nenni, D. (2023a, August 14). How Taiwan saved the Semiconductor Industry. Semiwiki. https://semiwiki.com/semiconductor-manufacturers/332977-how-taiwan-saved-the-semiconductor-industry/ Nenni, D. (2023b, August 15). Morris Chang’s journey to Taiwan and TSMC. Semiwiki. https://semiwiki.com/semiconductor-manufacturers/333296-morris-changs-journey-to-taiwan/ Nesadurai, Helen. (2009). Conceptualising economic security in an era of globalisation: what does the East Asian experience reveal?. Nguyen, B. (2024, May 7). The rise of TSMC: How one chipmaker started making everyone’s chips. Quartz. https://qz.com/taiwan-semiconductor-manufacturing-company-tsmc -chips-1851455264 Olga Hrynkiv, 'Export Controls and Securitization of Economic Policy: Comparative Analysis of the Practice of the United States, the European Union, China, and Russia', (2022), 56, Journal of World Trade, Issue 4, pp. 633-656, https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/Journal+of+World+Trade/56.4/TRAD2022026 O’Riain, S., 2004. The politics of high-tech growth: developmental network states in the global economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Overview on Taiwan Semiconductor Industry (2022 Edition). TSIA. (2022). https://www.tsia.org.tw/api/DownloadOverview?ID=1 Page, J. 1994. "The East Asian Miracle: Building a Basis for Growth. " In The east asian miracle: Building a basis for Growth. International Monetary Fund. Perkel, S., & Cosgrove, E. (2025, April 14). Nvidia dips its toes further into the “American-made” waters. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/nvidia-us-manufacturing-blackwell-arizona-ai-supercomputer-texas-2025-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com Radice, H. (2008). The developmental state under global neoliberalism. Third World Quarterly, 29(6), 1153–1174. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590802201121 Robertson, S. (2024, September 6). Is the “silicon shield” real? Domino Theory. https://dominotheory.com/is-the-silicon-shield-real/ Sanghvi, P. (2025, February 23). API documentation. Nvidia to Match Apple’s Spending on TSMC as AI Dri... https://site.financialmodelingprep.com/market-news/nvidia-to-match-apples-spending-on-tsmc-as-ai-drives-growth?utm_source=chatgpt.com Sharif As-Saber & Charmine Härtel (2023) Cocktail Geopolitics and the Changing Nature of Governance, International Journal of Public Administration, 46:5, 373-388, DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2021.2001009 Schumpeter. (2023, January 19). TSMC is making the best of a bad geopolitical situation. The Economist. https://www.economist.com/business/2023/01/19/tsmc-is-making-the-best-of a-bad-geopolitical-situation Shilov, A. (2024, March 1). Analyst estimates Nvidia is now TSMC’s second largest customer accounting for 11% of revenue in 2023. Tom’s Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/analyst-estimates-nvidia-is-now-tsmcs second-largest-customer-accounting-for-11-of-revenue-in-2023 Shivakumar, S., & Wessner, C. (2022, June 8). Semiconductors and national defense: What are the stakes?.CSIS.https://www.csis.org/analysis/semiconductors-and-national-defense-what -are-stakes Staahl, D. (2024, November 15). Ex-employee claims TSMC holds American workers to stricter standards than Taiwanese at Arizona plant. Arizona’s Family. https://www.azfamily.com/2024/11/15/ex-tsmc-worker-americans-held-higher-standard -than-taiwan-workers/ Taipei Times. (2014, March 25). TSMC eyes 50% global market share. Taipei Times. https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2014/03/26/2003586522 TaiwanPlus. (2023, August 23). How TSMC became Taiwan’s Silicon Shield and the future of semiconductors. https://www.taiwanplus.com/shows/tech/taiwan keywords/230823010/how-tsmc-became-taiwans-silicon-shield-and-the-future-of semiconductors TaiwanPlus. (2025a, March 5). TSMC announces additional US$100B investment in U.S. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/live-news/2/tsmc-announces additional-us100b investment-in-us TaiwanPlus. (2025b, March 19). TSMC Mega Deal, Taiwan on Ukraine, & China’s two sessions. TaiwanPlus. https://www.taiwanplus.com/news/news shows/correspondents/250319022/tsmc-mega-deal-taiwan-on-ukraine-and-chinas-two-sessions Teng, P. (2025, March 6). TSMC chair joins Lai for impromptu press event, in bid to dispel concerns - focus Taiwan. TSMC chair joins Lai for impromptu press event, in bid to dispel concerns. https://focustaiwan.tw/business/202503060023 Tung, An-Chi. (2001). Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry: What the State Did and Did Not. Review of Development Economics. 5. 266-88. 10.1111/1467-9361.00123. Tung, A.-C. (2001), Taiwan’s Semiconductor Industry: What the State Did and Did Not. Review of Development Economics, 5: 266-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9361.00123 Tung, C.-Y. (2023, August). Taiwan and the Global Semiconductor Supply Chain. https://www.roc-taiwan.org/uploads/sites/86/2023/08/20230824-TAIWAN-AND-THE-GLOBAL-SEMICONDUCTOR-SUPPLY-CHAIN.pdf TSMC’s 5NM and 3NM production lines fully booked until 2025, driven by AI chip demand. THEOUTPOST. (2024, November 13). https://theoutpost.ai/news-story/tsmc-s-5nm-and-3nm-production-lines-fully-booked-until-2025-driven-by-ai-chip-demand-8187/?utm_source=chatgpt.com TSMC. (2024, March 12). TSMC - Annual Report 2023 (I). https://investor.tsmc.com/sites/ir/annual-report/2023/2023%20Annual%20Report_E.pdf Odake, Nobutaka & Tokumaru, Norio. (2012). Model of innovation system in public research institutions: The cases of IMEC from Belgium and ITRI from Taiwan. 1601-1607. Walt, Stephen M. (1991) ‘The Renaissance of Security Studies’, International Studies Quarterly, 35 (2): 211-39. Weiss, L., 1995. Governed interdependence: rethinking the government-business relationship in East Asia. The Pacific review, 8 (4), 589–616. Weiss, L. (1998). The Myth of the Powerless State: Governing the Economy in a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press. Weiss, L., & Thurbon, E. (2021). Developmental state or economic statecraft? where, why and how the Difference Matters. New Political Economy, 26(3), 472–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2020.1766431 Wikipedia. (n.d.). Morris Chang. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Chang Wikipedia. (2025, June). Industrial Technology Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Technology_Research_Institute Williams, M. (Ed.). (2014). The End of the Developmental State? (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315884363 Wong, Chan-Yuan & Lee, Keun. (2021). Evolution of innovation systems of two industrial districts in East Asia: transformation and upgrade from a peripheral system and the role of the core firms, Samsung and TSMC. Journal of Evolutionary Economics. 32. 10.1007/s00191-021 00755-2. Wu, C. H. (2024). Taiwan's Economic Security in the Shadow of Chips Nationalism (August 01, 2024). Journal of World Trade, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4913668 Vuu, C. (2024). Taiwan’s semiconductor strategy: A developmental state model for economic growth. Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. https://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/sip/72/ Wu, S. (2023, July 28). TSMC says it is “rooted in Taiwan” even as it expands abroad | reuters. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/tsmc-says-it-remains-rooted-taiwan company-ramps-up-global-expansion-2023-07-28/ Wu, Y. (2004). Rethinking the Taiwanese Developmental State. The China Quarterly, 177, 91 114. doi:10.1017/S0305741004000062 Y, J. (2022, June 28). How Taiwan created TSMC｜Meet Global. Meet Global. https://meet-global.bnext.com.tw/articles/view/47727 zh_TW
