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題名 法國與中國:他們各自的核能策略是生態轉型的動力還是障礙?
France vs China: Is their respective nuclear energy strategy a driver or a barrier to their ecological transition?作者 韋格恬
Vial, Gaëtan貢獻者 林月雲
Carol Lin, Yeh-Yun
韋格恬
Vial, Gaëtan關鍵詞 核能
碳中和
法國
中國
能源策略
社會技術轉型
國有企業
可再生能源
綠色技術
Nuclear energy
Carbon neutrality
France
China
Energy strategy
Socio-technical transition
State-owned enterprises
Renewable energy
Green technologies日期 2025 上傳時間 1-Jul-2025 15:00:51 (UTC+8) 摘要 這篇論文通過對法國和中國能源戰略的比較分析，探討核能在實現碳中和過渡過程中所扮演的催化劑或障礙角色。儘管兩國均將核能視為低碳的替代方案，但由於制度、政治和社會技術背景的不同，兩國的發展道路存在顯著差異。法國長期依賴核電，其特點是中央集权管理、制度惰性和日益增加的公眾阻力，使人擔心其能否有效地擴大可再生能源的規模。與此形成對比的是，中國的做法具有技術樂觀、快速創新的特點，並且不斷努力重新集中其分散的治理結構。然而，中國的電網限制、透明度問題和地方反對顯示了可再生能源整合的結構性障礙。本研究利用多層次觀點（MLP）和過渡路徑框架，評估了國家背景如何影響核能在更廣泛的去碳化目標中的有效性。本研究的結論是，單靠核能或可再生能源都無法確保有效的過渡；相反地，解決制度協調、公眾參與及需求端改革的整合策略才是關鍵。本論文提供了政策建議，供各國在設計面向未來的低碳能源系統時進行類似的取捨。
This thesis investigates the role of nuclear energy as a catalyst or barrier to transitioning towards carbon neutrality, through a comparative analysis of France and China’s energy strategies. While both nations present nuclear power as a low-carbon alternative, their paths diverge significantly due to distinct institutional, political, and socio-technical contexts. France’s long-standing reliance on nuclear power is marked by centralized governance, institutional inertia, and increasing public resistance, raising concerns over its ability to scale up renewables effectively. In contrast, China’s approach is characterized by techno-optimism, rapid innovation, and growing efforts to recentralize its fragmented governance structures. However, China's grid limitations, transparency issues, and local opposition reveal structural barriers to the integration of renewables. Drawing on the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and transition pathway frameworks, this study evaluates how national contexts influence the effectiveness of nuclear energy within broader decarbonization goals. It concludes that neither nuclear nor renewables alone can ensure an effective transition; instead, integrated strategies that address institutional coordination, public engagement, and demand-side reforms are crucial. The thesis offers policy recommendations for countries navigating similar trade-offs in designing future-proof, low-carbon energy systems.參考文獻 Adamantiades, A., & Kessides, I. (2009). Nuclear power for sustainable development: Current status and future prospects. Energy Policy, 37(12), 5149–5166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.052 Aghahosseini, A., Solomon, A. A., Breyer, C., Pregger, T., Simon, S., Strachan, P., et al. (2023). Energy system transition pathways to meet the global electricity demand for ambitious climate targets and cost competitiveness. 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國立政治大學
國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
113933053資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0113933053 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 林月雲 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Carol Lin, Yeh-Yun en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 韋格恬 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Vial, Gaëtan en_US dc.creator (作者) 韋格恬 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Vial, Gaëtan en_US dc.date (日期) 2025 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2025 15:00:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Jul-2025 15:00:51 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2025 15:00:51 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0113933053 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/157805 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 113933053 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 這篇論文通過對法國和中國能源戰略的比較分析，探討核能在實現碳中和過渡過程中所扮演的催化劑或障礙角色。儘管兩國均將核能視為低碳的替代方案，但由於制度、政治和社會技術背景的不同，兩國的發展道路存在顯著差異。法國長期依賴核電，其特點是中央集权管理、制度惰性和日益增加的公眾阻力，使人擔心其能否有效地擴大可再生能源的規模。與此形成對比的是，中國的做法具有技術樂觀、快速創新的特點，並且不斷努力重新集中其分散的治理結構。然而，中國的電網限制、透明度問題和地方反對顯示了可再生能源整合的結構性障礙。本研究利用多層次觀點（MLP）和過渡路徑框架，評估了國家背景如何影響核能在更廣泛的去碳化目標中的有效性。本研究的結論是，單靠核能或可再生能源都無法確保有效的過渡；相反地，解決制度協調、公眾參與及需求端改革的整合策略才是關鍵。本論文提供了政策建議，供各國在設計面向未來的低碳能源系統時進行類似的取捨。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis investigates the role of nuclear energy as a catalyst or barrier to transitioning towards carbon neutrality, through a comparative analysis of France and China’s energy strategies. While both nations present nuclear power as a low-carbon alternative, their paths diverge significantly due to distinct institutional, political, and socio-technical contexts. France’s long-standing reliance on nuclear power is marked by centralized governance, institutional inertia, and increasing public resistance, raising concerns over its ability to scale up renewables effectively. In contrast, China’s approach is characterized by techno-optimism, rapid innovation, and growing efforts to recentralize its fragmented governance structures. However, China's grid limitations, transparency issues, and local opposition reveal structural barriers to the integration of renewables. Drawing on the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and transition pathway frameworks, this study evaluates how national contexts influence the effectiveness of nuclear energy within broader decarbonization goals. It concludes that neither nuclear nor renewables alone can ensure an effective transition; instead, integrated strategies that address institutional coordination, public engagement, and demand-side reforms are crucial. The thesis offers policy recommendations for countries navigating similar trade-offs in designing future-proof, low-carbon energy systems. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 2. Background 3 2.1. Historical background for each country’s nuclear energy strategy 3 2.2. Overview of the French energy mix and nuclear production market 6 2.3. Overview of the Chinese energy mix and nuclear production market 7 3. Literature Review 8 3.1. Contextual logics behind each national energy transition 8 3.1.1. Geel’s Socio-Technical Perspective of the Dynamics of Transition 8 3.1.2. France’s specificity: Between institutional lock-ins and public tensions 10 3.1.3. China’s specificity: Innovation-driven strategy that faces fragmentation 12 3.2. How ‘green’ is nuclear energy? 14 3.2.1. Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions and environmental trade-offs 15 3.2.2. Risks and sustainability in the long term 16 3.2.3. Comparing the impact of nuclear energy vs. other sources of electricity 17 3.3. Models and Limits of Nuclear–Renewable Hybrid Futures 18 3.3.1. Nuclear and Renewables are complementary for a Low-Carbon Future 18 3.3.2. Are Nuclear and Renewables Structurally Incompatible? 21 3.3.3. Shifting the focus from production to consumption 23 4. Case analysis 26 4.1. Analytical framework 26 4.1.1. Case studies addressed 26 4.1.2. Summary of the points of comparison 27 4.2. The case of Flamanville 3 and the French energy transition strategy 30 4.2.1. Case presentation: a poorly managed construction 30 4.2.2. A project that betrays a general lack of citizen support for nuclear 32 4.2.3. One ambition: Strengthening nuclear energy in the production mix 33 4.2.4. The private interests of public nuclear companies 34 4.2.5. Is nuclear energy “green enough” to achieve 2050 carbon neutrality goals? 39 4.2.6. France’s strategy (1): an inflated importance given to nuclear reactor 43 4.2.7. France’s strategy (2): a difficult renewables integration 47 4.2.8. Conclusion 51 4.3. The case of Fuqing-5 and the Chinese energy transition strategy 54 4.3.1. Case presentation: a showcase of China’s energy prowess 54 4.3.2. A grappling attempt to harness a nuclear sector that is out of control 55 4.3.3. China’s corporate regrouping through innovation 59 4.3.4. China’s strategy (1): A clear vision for its goals that seems achievable 63 4.3.5. China’s strategy (2): Barriers to its nuclear energy policy 65 4.3.6. China’s strategy (3): Can it truly rely on renewables to reach its 2060 goal? 68 4.3.7. Conclusion 71 5. Discussion and conclusion 73 5.1.1. Discussion on the case studies 73 5.1.2. Conclusion and final implications 77 6. Glossary / List of abbreviations 79 References 81 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1413804 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0113933053 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 核能 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 碳中和 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 法國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 能源策略 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會技術轉型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國有企業 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 可再生能源 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 綠色技術 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Nuclear energy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Carbon neutrality en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) France en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) China en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Energy strategy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Socio-technical transition en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) State-owned enterprises en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Renewable energy en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Green technologies en_US dc.title (題名) 法國與中國:他們各自的核能策略是生態轉型的動力還是障礙? zh_TW dc.title (題名) France vs China: Is their respective nuclear energy strategy a driver or a barrier to their ecological transition? en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adamantiades, A., & Kessides, I. 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