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題名 電動車產業的標準化轉折點：從封閉競爭到開放平台的變革與創新機會
The Standardization Inflection Point of the Electric Vehicle Industry: Transformation and Innovation Opportunities from Closed Competition to Open Platforms作者 董政哲
Tung, Cheng-Che貢獻者 張瑜倩
Chang, Yu-Chien
董政哲
Tung, Cheng-Che關鍵詞 電動車
標準化
模組化
開放平台
軟體定義車輛
產業生態系統
Electric Vehicles
Standardization
Modularization
Open Platform
Software-Defined Vehicle
Industrial Ecosystem日期 2025 上傳時間 4-Aug-2025 13:02:44 (UTC+8) 摘要 近年來，電動車（EV）快速崛起，推動全球汽車產業從傳統燃油車的封閉式競爭模式，進化到高度軟體化、平台化的發展路徑。這場百年變革不僅挑戰既有產業規則，也重塑產業價值分配。本研究聚焦於「電動車產業的標準化轉折點」，探討標準化開放平台如何扮演產業競局重組的樞紐角色，並指出在技術、商業與治理層面所開啟的新機會。 過去汽車產業以內燃機為核心，各車廠擁有獨特設計與供應鏈體系，形成難以整合的生態結構。但隨著電動化、軟體定義車輛（SDV）與自動駕駛技術的融合，加上全球碳中和與淨零排放政策推動，汽車技術架構已從封閉走向開放，從零件供應走向模組協作。平台標準化需求日益明確，類似資訊產業iOS或Android的開放協作模式逐步浮現於汽車領域。 在此背景下，鴻海科技集團董事長劉揚偉提出的「電動車開放平台」概念具有前瞻性。標準化開放平台透過制定共通的硬體介面標準、軟體開發框架、通訊協定等，可大幅降低造車門檻，讓不同領域企業基於同一平台進行創新，在產業鏈重構、技術模組化、市場準入與新創孵化上展現潛力。 本研究採用理論分析與產業案例研究方法，探討產業鏈各環節如何協同制定標準、參與平台建設。透過歷史脈絡梳理與產業個案解析的研究指出：標準化開放平台不僅是成本控制與開發效率的手段，更是促進創新與開啟新價值鏈的關鍵槓桿。 本文主張，電動車產業下一階段競爭將轉向平台治理、開發生態、數據主權與SDK控制權的系統性競爭。掌握標準化話語權將有機會重新定義「造車」產業的核心邏輯。本研究為全球電動車產業鏈中找到可能的最佳定位提供理論基礎與實務建議，並為傳統車企轉型﹑產業可持續發展與新創機會等提供策略方向。
The rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs) has driven the global automotive industry from traditional closed competition models to highly software-driven and platform-based development paths. This centennial transformation challenges existing industry rules and reshapes value distribution. This study focuses on the "standardization inflection point of the EV industry," examining how standardized open platforms serve as pivotal roles in reorganizing industrial competition while identifying new opportunities in technology, business, and governance. The traditional automotive industry, centered on internal combustion engines, featured unique designs and supply chain systems for each automaker, creating fragmented ecosystems. However, with the convergence of electrification, Software-Defined Vehicles (SDV), and autonomous driving technologies, alongside global carbon neutrality and net-zero policies, automotive architecture has shifted from closed to open, from component supply to modular collaboration. The need for platform standardization has become evident, with open collaboration models similar to iOS or Android gradually emerging in the automotive sector. Against this backdrop, Foxconn Chairman Young Liu's "EV Open Platform" concept demonstrates foresight. By establishing common hardware interface standards, software development frameworks, and communication protocols, standardized open platforms significantly lower barriers to vehicle manufacturing, enabling cross-industry innovation and showing potential in supply chain restructuring, technology modularization, market access, and startup incubation. This study employs theoretical analysis and industrial case studies to explore how stakeholders collaborate in standard-setting and platform development. Through historical context and case analysis, the research reveals that standardized open platforms serve not only as tools for cost control and development efficiency but as key levers for innovation and new value chain creation. This paper argues that next-phase competition in the EV industry will shift toward systemic competition in platform governance, development ecosystems, data sovereignty, and SDK control. Those controlling standardization discourse will have opportunities to redefine the core logic of automotive manufacturing. This study provides theoretical foundations and practical recommendations for optimal positioning in the global EV value chain, while offering strategic directions for traditional automaker transformation, sustainable industrial development, and startup opportunities.參考文獻 AmpUp（2024）. 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國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
112932073資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112932073 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 張瑜倩 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chang, Yu-Chien en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 董政哲 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tung, Cheng-Che en_US dc.creator (作者) 董政哲 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tung, Cheng-Che en_US dc.date (日期) 2025 en_US dc.date.accessioned 4-Aug-2025 13:02:44 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 4-Aug-2025 13:02:44 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-Aug-2025 13:02:44 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0112932073 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/158335 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 112932073 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年來，電動車（EV）快速崛起，推動全球汽車產業從傳統燃油車的封閉式競爭模式，進化到高度軟體化、平台化的發展路徑。這場百年變革不僅挑戰既有產業規則，也重塑產業價值分配。本研究聚焦於「電動車產業的標準化轉折點」，探討標準化開放平台如何扮演產業競局重組的樞紐角色，並指出在技術、商業與治理層面所開啟的新機會。 過去汽車產業以內燃機為核心，各車廠擁有獨特設計與供應鏈體系，形成難以整合的生態結構。但隨著電動化、軟體定義車輛（SDV）與自動駕駛技術的融合，加上全球碳中和與淨零排放政策推動，汽車技術架構已從封閉走向開放，從零件供應走向模組協作。平台標準化需求日益明確，類似資訊產業iOS或Android的開放協作模式逐步浮現於汽車領域。 在此背景下，鴻海科技集團董事長劉揚偉提出的「電動車開放平台」概念具有前瞻性。標準化開放平台透過制定共通的硬體介面標準、軟體開發框架、通訊協定等，可大幅降低造車門檻，讓不同領域企業基於同一平台進行創新，在產業鏈重構、技術模組化、市場準入與新創孵化上展現潛力。 本研究採用理論分析與產業案例研究方法，探討產業鏈各環節如何協同制定標準、參與平台建設。透過歷史脈絡梳理與產業個案解析的研究指出：標準化開放平台不僅是成本控制與開發效率的手段，更是促進創新與開啟新價值鏈的關鍵槓桿。 本文主張，電動車產業下一階段競爭將轉向平台治理、開發生態、數據主權與SDK控制權的系統性競爭。掌握標準化話語權將有機會重新定義「造車」產業的核心邏輯。本研究為全球電動車產業鏈中找到可能的最佳定位提供理論基礎與實務建議，並為傳統車企轉型﹑產業可持續發展與新創機會等提供策略方向。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs) has driven the global automotive industry from traditional closed competition models to highly software-driven and platform-based development paths. This centennial transformation challenges existing industry rules and reshapes value distribution. This study focuses on the "standardization inflection point of the EV industry," examining how standardized open platforms serve as pivotal roles in reorganizing industrial competition while identifying new opportunities in technology, business, and governance. The traditional automotive industry, centered on internal combustion engines, featured unique designs and supply chain systems for each automaker, creating fragmented ecosystems. However, with the convergence of electrification, Software-Defined Vehicles (SDV), and autonomous driving technologies, alongside global carbon neutrality and net-zero policies, automotive architecture has shifted from closed to open, from component supply to modular collaboration. The need for platform standardization has become evident, with open collaboration models similar to iOS or Android gradually emerging in the automotive sector. Against this backdrop, Foxconn Chairman Young Liu's "EV Open Platform" concept demonstrates foresight. By establishing common hardware interface standards, software development frameworks, and communication protocols, standardized open platforms significantly lower barriers to vehicle manufacturing, enabling cross-industry innovation and showing potential in supply chain restructuring, technology modularization, market access, and startup incubation. This study employs theoretical analysis and industrial case studies to explore how stakeholders collaborate in standard-setting and platform development. Through historical context and case analysis, the research reveals that standardized open platforms serve not only as tools for cost control and development efficiency but as key levers for innovation and new value chain creation. This paper argues that next-phase competition in the EV industry will shift toward systemic competition in platform governance, development ecosystems, data sovereignty, and SDK control. Those controlling standardization discourse will have opportunities to redefine the core logic of automotive manufacturing. This study provides theoretical foundations and practical recommendations for optimal positioning in the global EV value chain, while offering strategic directions for traditional automaker transformation, sustainable industrial development, and startup opportunities. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 研究背景與動機 ... 1 第一節 前言 1 第二節 全球電動車產業成長演進趨勢回顧（2014–2024） 4 第三節 政策驅動與平台崛起的結構性變革 10 第四節 個人實務經驗與參與視角（NIO、Ford、MIH） 11 第五節 研究動機：從參與者視角看見未來機會 12 第二章 標準化與平台策略 ... 13 第一節 標準化與模組化的產業理論 13 第二節 平台策略與 Winner Takes Most 14 第三節 類比PC與智慧型手機產業的標準化歷程 15 第四節 技術演進背景：SDV, EEA, C-V2X 對標準化的推進 17 第五節 MIH, SOAFEE, COVESA與SAE平台之比較 19 第六節 小結 23 第三章 電動車產業趨勢與平台戰略分析 ... 24 第一節 產業核心變化：從硬體競爭到軟體定義 24 第二節 初期：Tesla 自研架構的產業啟動與後繼模仿者 25 第三節 成長期：中國 EV 產業的爆發與平台化轉向 26 第四節 Legacy OEM 的轉型困難與新創的量產焦慮 28 第五節 車廠角色轉變：從整車製造商到平台營運者 30 第六節 SDV的競爭重構：SDK與App Store的主導權之爭 33 第四章 標準化轉型下的機會與挑戰分析 ... 36 第一節 標準化對 EV 產業的潛在效益 36 第二節 現階段的限制與技術碎片化問題 38 第三節 MIH 的機會與局限 40 第四節 SDV 作為推動標準化的催化劑 44 第五節 標準化趨勢下的新創與創新入場機會 46 第五章 新創機會實證分析：以「電動車數據歸屬與碳權交換平台」為例 ... 50 第一節 創業構想簡介與市場背景 50 第二節 商業模式與技術架構 51 第三節 競品與類比案例對照分析 57 第四節 優勢與可能風險分析 60 第五節 小結：標準化平台下的價值展望 63 第六章 結論與建議 ... 65 第一節 電動車標準化的預測與策略意涵 65 第二節 平台戰略下的新創者角色再定位 66 第三節 創業計畫的實踐行動與落地 67 第四節 研究限制與未來研究方向 69 參考文獻 ... 72 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1820730 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112932073 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電動車 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 標準化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 模組化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 開放平台 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軟體定義車輛 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 產業生態系統 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Electric Vehicles en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Standardization en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Modularization en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Open Platform en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Software-Defined Vehicle en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Industrial Ecosystem en_US dc.title (題名) 電動車產業的標準化轉折點：從封閉競爭到開放平台的變革與創新機會 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Standardization Inflection Point of the Electric Vehicle Industry: Transformation and Innovation Opportunities from Closed Competition to Open Platforms en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) AmpUp（2024）. 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