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題名 全球危機下實現韌性：特斯拉個案分析
Achieving Resilience Amid Global Crises: A Case Study of Tesla作者 龍韌凱
Ballan, Scott貢獻者 羅明琇
Lo, Sonia
龍韌凱
Ballan, Scott關鍵詞 特斯拉
電動車
資源依賴理論
交易成本經濟學
風險管理
企業韌性
策略韌性
全球危機
供應鏈管理
美中貿易戰
COVID-19疫情
Tesla
Electric vehicles (EVs)
Resource Dependence Theory (RDT)
Transaction Cost Economics (TCE)
Risk management
Corporate resilience
Strategic resilience
Global crises
Supply chain management
U.S.-China trade war
COVID-19 pandemic日期 2025 上傳時間 1-Sep-2025 15:10:59 (UTC+8) 摘要 在日益動盪的全球商業環境中，企業面臨生存與維持競爭力的重大挑戰。本研究探討特斯拉公司（以下簡稱「Tesla Inc.」或「Tesla」）如何在2018–2019年美中貿易戰及2020–2022年COVID-19疫情期間，透過策略性應對而躍升為全球電動車製造領導者。本研究展示企業能運用資源依賴理論（Resource Dependence Theory, 簡稱RDT）辨識風險，並利用交易成本經濟學（Transaction Cost Economics, 簡稱TCE）進行成本優化，藉此增強企業韌性並維持競爭優勢。透過質性個案研究的分析，本研究提出一個結構式的風險管理框架，將RDT與TCE整合為形成完整的策略韌性指引。此多理論框架引導讀者運用成熟的經濟理論分析現代商業挑戰，並從資源基礎與交易成本的綜合視角來全面理解企業的市場定位及其抵禦微觀與宏觀經濟衝擊的能力。研究發現指出，Tesla在2018–2019年美中貿易戰與2020–2022年COVID-19疫情期間透過降低對 Panasonic電池及中國來源原物料的依賴、重新調整與 Panasonic的合作關係，以及執行整合、自動化與多角化策略，從而強化企業韌性。依據RDT辨識資源依賴（例如過度依賴Panasonic及中國來源稀土礦物），並依據TCE優化交易治理結構（例如與Panasonic合作製造電池及建立本地化與垂直整合工廠），Tesla確保了生產連續性，而持續在國內外維持並擴大電動車市場份額。本研究提出的RDT-TCE框架，透過五階段流程與六步驟指南，提供寶貴洞察，說明明智決策如何創造韌性以減輕依賴風險，確保企業生存並強化競爭力。
In an increasingly volatile global business environment, firms face significant challenges to survive and remain competitive. This research examines how Tesla Incorporated (henceforth “Tesla Inc.” or “Tesla”) strategically navigated the 2018–2019 U.S.-China trade war and 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic to emerge as a global leader in electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing. By utilizing Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) to identify risks and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to optimize costs, firms can bolster resilience and maintain competitiveness. Illustrated through a qualitative case study analysis, a structured risk management framework is proposed, integrating RDT and TCE into a comprehensive strategic resilience guide. This multi-theory framework guides readers in analyzing modern business challenges using proven economic theories, enabling them to leverage a comprehensive resource-based and transaction cost-based perspective to holistically understand a subject firm’s position and how it can withstand micro- and macro-economic shocks. Findings show Tesla reduced dependencies on Panasonic batteries and raw materials sourced from China, restructured its relationship with Panasonic, and executed integration, automation, and diversification strategies to achieve resilience through the 2018–2019 U.S.-China trade war and 2020–2022 COVID 19 pandemic. By identifying resource dependencies in accordance with RDT (i.e., overreliance on Panasonic and China-sourced rare-earth minerals), and optimizing transaction governance structures in accordance with TCE (i.e., collaborating with Panasonic for battery production and building localized and vertically integrated factories), Tesla ensured production continuity and continued to maintain and increase EV market share domestically and globally. The proposed RDT-TCE framework, illustrated through a five-phase process and a six-step guide, provides valuable insights on how informed decision-making can create resilience to mitigate dependency risks, ensuring firm survival and bolstering competitiveness.參考文獻 BHP Group. (2021, July 28). BHP enters into nickel supply agreement with Tesla Inc. https://www.bhp.com/news/media-centre/releases/2021/07/bhp-enters-into-nickel-supply-agreement-with-tesla-inc Bradsher, K. (2010, September 22). China’s rare earth export limits stir supply chain concerns. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/23/business/global/23rare.html# Burton, M., & Trompiz, G. (2021, October 13). Prony Resources says Tesla has agreed multi-year nickel purchasing deal. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/prony-resources-says-tesla-has-agreed-multi-year-nickel-purchasing-deal-2021-10-13/ Casciaro, T., & Piskorski, M. J. (2005). Power imbalance, mutual dependence, and constraint absorption: A closer look at resource dependence theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(2), 167-199. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.2.167 Chopra, S., & Sodhi, M. S. (2014). Reducing the risk of supply chain disruptions. MIT Sloan Management Review, 55(3), 73-80. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/reducing-the-risk-of-supply-chain-disruptions/ Christopher, M., & Peck, H. (2004). Building the resilient supply chain. International Journal of Logistics Management, 15(2), 1-13. Daly, T. (2020, December 30). Tesla signs five-year lithium supply deal with China’s Sichuan Yahua. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN293131/ Domm, P. (2019, May 28). China makes veiled threat about withholding rare earth minerals from U.S. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/28/china-makes-veiled-threat-about-withholding-rare-earth-minerals.html Global Times. (2021, June 28). Tesla secures supply deal in China. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202106/1227312.shtml Hayes, A. (2025, April 25). Tesla: The True Untold Story. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/061915/story-behind-teslas-success.asp He, H., Jin, L., Cui, H., & Zhou, H. (2018, October). Assessment of electric car promotion policies in Chinese cities. International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/China_city_NEV_assessment_20181018.pdf Hillman, A. J., Withers, M. C., & Collins, B. J. (2009). Resource dependence theory: A review. Journal of Management, 35(6), 1404-1427. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0149206309343469 International Council on Clean Transportation. (2021, June). China’s New Energy Vehicle Industrial Development Plan for 2021 to 2035. https://theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/China-new-vehicle-industrial-dev-plan-jun2021.pdf Jin, L., & He, H. (2019, May). Comparison of the electric car market in China and the United States (Working Paper 2019-10). International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ICCT_US-China_EV-mkt-comp_20190523.pdf Klein, B., Crawford, R. G., & Alchain, A. A. (1978). Vertical integration, appropriable rents, and the competitive contracting process. Journal of Law and Economics, 21(2), 297-326. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/466922 Lambert, F. (2019, August 23). Tesla lands battery supply deal with LG Chem for Gigafactory 3 in China. Electrek. https://electrek.co/2019/08/23/tesla-battery-supply-deal-lg-chem-gigafactory-3/ Lambert, F. (2022, August 1). Tesla secures battery material supply deals with Chinese companies. Electrek. https://electrek.co/2022/08/01/tesla-secures-battery-material-supply-deals-chinese-companies/ Lambert, F. (2024a, April 24). Tesla now plans electric semi truck volume production in ‘late 2025’. Electrek. https://electrek.co/2024/04/24/tesla-plans-electric-semi-truck-volume-production-late-2025/ Lambert, F. (2024b, October 10). Tesla unveils Cybercab electric robotaxi. Electrek. https://electrek.co/2024/10/10/tesla-unveils-cybercab-electric-robotaxi/ Levkowitz, L., & Beauchamp-Mustafaga, N. (2010). China’s rare earths industry and its role in the international market U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Staff Backgrounder). https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/RareEarthsBackgrounderFINAL.pdf Mearian, L. (2016, January 19). Panasonic to invest $1.6B in Tesla’s Gigafactory. Computerworld. https://www.computerworld.com/article/1630433/panasonic-to-invest-16b-in-teslas-gigafactory.html Miles, T., & Hughes, K. (2014, March 26). China loses trade dispute over rare earth exports. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/business/china-loses-trade-dispute-over-rare-earth-exports-idUSBREA2P0ZM/ O'Neill, S. (2024, July 26). Why was the Tesla Roadster discontinued in 2012 (and when will the new one be released)? SlashGear. https://www.slashgear.com/1626662/why-was-tesla-roadster-discontinued-when-will-we-get-new-one/ Panasonic Corporation. (2014, July 31). Panasonic and Tesla sign agreement for the Gigafactory. https://news.panasonic.com/global/press/en140731-3 Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. (2003). The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective. Stanford Business Books. (Original work published 1978) Reuters. (2020, September 28). Australia’s Piedmont signs lithium ore supply deal with Tesla, shares surge. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/piedmont-lithium-deal-tesla-int/australias-piedmont-signs-lithium-ore-supply-deal-with-tesla-shares-surge-idUSKBN26J03J/ Reuters. (2021, November 1). China’s Ganfeng Lithium inks lithium battery supply contract with Tesla. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/chinas-ganfeng-lithium-inks-lithium-battery-supply-contract-with-tesla-2021-11-01/ Reuters. (2022, February 16). Australia’s Liontown signs 5-year lithium supply deal with Tesla. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/australias-liontown-signs-5-year-lithium-supply-deal-with-tesla-2022-02-15/ Reuters. (2023, January 3). Piedmont Lithium amends supply deal with Tesla, shares rise. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/piedmont-lithium-deal-tesla/piedmont-lithium-amends-supply-deal-with-tesla-shares-rise-idUSL4N33O1ST/ Saldanha, A. (2018, May 17). Australia’s Kidman Resources to supply lithium for Tesla cars. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/markets/currencies/australias-kidman-resources-to-supply-lithium-for-tesla-cars-idUSKCN1IH37Z/ Sheffi, Y., & Rice, J. B., Jr. (2005). A supply chain view of the resilient enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(1), 41-48. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255599289_A_Supply_Chain_View_of_the_Resilient_Enterprise Scheyder, E. (2022, January 11). Tesla signs deal for first U.S. supply of nickel with Talon Metals. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-signs-deal-first-us-supply-nickel-with-talon-metals-2022-01-10/ Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. (2020, June 19). Tesla strikes deal to source cobalt directly from Glencore. https://me.smenet.org/telsa-strikes-deal-to-source-cobalt-directly-from-glencore/ Tesla Motors, Inc. (2010, January 27). Supply agreement with Panasonic Industrial Company (SEC Filing No. 0001193125-10-017054). U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312510017054/dex1033.htm Tesla Motors, Inc. (2015). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459015001031/tsla-10k_20141231.htm Tesla Motors, Inc. (2016). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 21, 2015. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Tesla Motors, Inc., & Panasonic Corporation. (2010, January 25). Supply agreement (Exhibit 10.33). U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000119312510017054/dex1033.htm Tesla, Inc. (2017). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459017003118/tsla-10k_20161231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2018). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459018002956/tsla-10k_20171231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2019a). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459019003165/tsla-10k_20181231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2019b). Impact report 2018. https://www.tesla.com/ns_videos/2018-tesla-impact-report.pdf Tesla, Inc. (2020a). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459020004475/tsla-10k_20191231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2020b, September 22). 2020 annual meeting of stockholders and Battery Day presentation [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6T9xIeZTds Tesla, Inc. (2020c, September 22). Tesla 2020 Battery Day transcript. Rev.com. https://www.rev.com/transcripts/tesla-2020-battery-day-transcript-september-22 Tesla, Inc. (2021a). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459021004599/tsla-10k_20201231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2021b). Impact report 2020. https://www.tesla.com/ns_videos/2020-tesla-impact-report.pdf Tesla, Inc. (2022). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017022000796/tsla-20211231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2023). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000095017023001409/tsla-20221231.htm Tesla, Inc. (2024). Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000162828024002390/tsla-20231231.htm Tesla, Inc. (n.d.). Vehicles. https://www.tesla.com/ Williamson, O. E. (1985). The economic institutions of capitalism: Firms, markets, relational contracting. The Free Press. Yahoo Finance. (n.d.). Tesla Inc. (TSLA) stock historical prices & data. Retrieved April 14, 2025, from https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/TSLA/history/?guccounter=1&period1=1483228800&period2=1485907200 Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1318605/000156459016013195/tsla-10k_20151231.htm 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
110363109資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110363109 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 羅明琇 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lo, Sonia en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 龍韌凱 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Ballan, Scott en_US dc.creator (作者) 龍韌凱 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Ballan, Scott en_US dc.date (日期) 2025 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2025 15:10:59 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Sep-2025 15:10:59 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2025 15:10:59 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0110363109 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159111 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 110363109 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在日益動盪的全球商業環境中，企業面臨生存與維持競爭力的重大挑戰。本研究探討特斯拉公司（以下簡稱「Tesla Inc.」或「Tesla」）如何在2018–2019年美中貿易戰及2020–2022年COVID-19疫情期間，透過策略性應對而躍升為全球電動車製造領導者。本研究展示企業能運用資源依賴理論（Resource Dependence Theory, 簡稱RDT）辨識風險，並利用交易成本經濟學（Transaction Cost Economics, 簡稱TCE）進行成本優化，藉此增強企業韌性並維持競爭優勢。透過質性個案研究的分析，本研究提出一個結構式的風險管理框架，將RDT與TCE整合為形成完整的策略韌性指引。此多理論框架引導讀者運用成熟的經濟理論分析現代商業挑戰，並從資源基礎與交易成本的綜合視角來全面理解企業的市場定位及其抵禦微觀與宏觀經濟衝擊的能力。研究發現指出，Tesla在2018–2019年美中貿易戰與2020–2022年COVID-19疫情期間透過降低對 Panasonic電池及中國來源原物料的依賴、重新調整與 Panasonic的合作關係，以及執行整合、自動化與多角化策略，從而強化企業韌性。依據RDT辨識資源依賴（例如過度依賴Panasonic及中國來源稀土礦物），並依據TCE優化交易治理結構（例如與Panasonic合作製造電池及建立本地化與垂直整合工廠），Tesla確保了生產連續性，而持續在國內外維持並擴大電動車市場份額。本研究提出的RDT-TCE框架，透過五階段流程與六步驟指南，提供寶貴洞察，說明明智決策如何創造韌性以減輕依賴風險，確保企業生存並強化競爭力。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In an increasingly volatile global business environment, firms face significant challenges to survive and remain competitive. This research examines how Tesla Incorporated (henceforth “Tesla Inc.” or “Tesla”) strategically navigated the 2018–2019 U.S.-China trade war and 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic to emerge as a global leader in electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing. By utilizing Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) to identify risks and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) to optimize costs, firms can bolster resilience and maintain competitiveness. Illustrated through a qualitative case study analysis, a structured risk management framework is proposed, integrating RDT and TCE into a comprehensive strategic resilience guide. This multi-theory framework guides readers in analyzing modern business challenges using proven economic theories, enabling them to leverage a comprehensive resource-based and transaction cost-based perspective to holistically understand a subject firm’s position and how it can withstand micro- and macro-economic shocks. Findings show Tesla reduced dependencies on Panasonic batteries and raw materials sourced from China, restructured its relationship with Panasonic, and executed integration, automation, and diversification strategies to achieve resilience through the 2018–2019 U.S.-China trade war and 2020–2022 COVID 19 pandemic. By identifying resource dependencies in accordance with RDT (i.e., overreliance on Panasonic and China-sourced rare-earth minerals), and optimizing transaction governance structures in accordance with TCE (i.e., collaborating with Panasonic for battery production and building localized and vertically integrated factories), Tesla ensured production continuity and continued to maintain and increase EV market share domestically and globally. The proposed RDT-TCE framework, illustrated through a five-phase process and a six-step guide, provides valuable insights on how informed decision-making can create resilience to mitigate dependency risks, ensuring firm survival and bolstering competitiveness. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Context and Significance 1 1.2 Research Problem 2 1.3 Research Objective 3 1.3.1 Defining Resilience 4 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Methodology and Scope 6 1.6 Contribution to Knowledge 8 Chapter 2: Literature Review 9 2.1 Pfeffer and Salancik’s Core Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) 9 2.2 Williamson’s Core Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) 11 2.3 Gaps in Literature and Research Contributions 19 2.4 Looking Forward 20 2.5 RDT and TCE Complementarity 22 2.6 RDT-TCE Framework Sequence 23 Chapter 3: Research Methodology 25 3.1 Research Design (Proposed Framework) 25 3.2 Data Collection 26 3.3 Selection of Tesla Incorporated 28 Chapter 4: Tesla Case Study 30 4.1 Tesla Incorporated Company Overview 30 4.2 Using RDT to Identify Tesla’s Risks 31 4.3 Using TCE to Justify Tesla’s Actions 42 Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations 57 5.1 Findings 57 5.1.1 Key Challenges Addressed 69 5.2 Future Studies 69 References 73 zh_TW dc.format.extent 2353118 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110363109 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 特斯拉 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電動車 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資源依賴理論 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 交易成本經濟學 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 風險管理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業韌性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 策略韌性 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 全球危機 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應鏈管理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美中貿易戰 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) COVID-19疫情 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tesla en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Electric vehicles (EVs) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Risk management en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Corporate resilience en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Strategic resilience en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Global crises en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Supply chain management en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) U.S.-China trade war en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) COVID-19 pandemic en_US dc.title (題名) 全球危機下實現韌性：特斯拉個案分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Achieving Resilience Amid Global Crises: A Case Study of Tesla en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) BHP Group. (2021, July 28). BHP enters into nickel supply agreement with Tesla Inc. https://www.bhp.com/news/media-centre/releases/2021/07/bhp-enters-into-nickel-supply-agreement-with-tesla-inc Bradsher, K. (2010, September 22). China’s rare earth export limits stir supply chain concerns. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/23/business/global/23rare.html# Burton, M., & Trompiz, G. (2021, October 13). Prony Resources says Tesla has agreed multi-year nickel purchasing deal. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/prony-resources-says-tesla-has-agreed-multi-year-nickel-purchasing-deal-2021-10-13/ Casciaro, T., & Piskorski, M. J. (2005). Power imbalance, mutual dependence, and constraint absorption: A closer look at resource dependence theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(2), 167-199. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.2.167 Chopra, S., & Sodhi, M. S. (2014). Reducing the risk of supply chain disruptions. 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