Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 重購退稅制度對於房屋重購決定之影響-以房地合一稅為例
The impact of Tax Refunds for Property Repurchase on Property Repurchasing Decisions: Evidence from House and Land Transactions Income Tax
作者 湯于萱
Tang, Yu-Shiuan
貢獻者 吳文傑<br>傅健豪
Wu, Wen-Chieh<br>Fu, Chien-Hao
湯于萱
Tang, Yu-Shiuan
關鍵詞 房地合一稅
重購退稅
Heckman兩階段模型
房地交易
自住房地
Integrated house and land taxation
Repurchase tax refund
Heckman Two-Step Model
Real estate transaction
Owner-occupied property
日期 2025
上傳時間 1-Sep-2025 16:31:53 (UTC+8)
摘要 近年來房市價格不斷上漲,我國政府為抑制房市炒作,訂定了相關稅法。政府為避免在抑制房市炒作時,減少對自住者的影響,在規定房地合一稅之制度的情況下,搭配了自住者重購退稅的優惠。 本研究使用2016年至2021年財政部財政資訊中心提供之相關房地合一稅及綜合所得稅申報相關資料,探討影響出售房地重購退稅行為之因素。本研究採用Heckman兩階段模型(Heckman Two-Step Model),以解決樣本選擇偏誤(sample selection bias)之情形,第一階段為Probit模型,第二階段為普通最小平方法(OLS)模型,分別於控制年齡變數與未控制年齡變數之情境下,探討制度規定因素、個人因素及房地因素對於重購退稅行為之影響。 研究結果顯示,出售房地面臨之房地合一稅稅率對重購行為影響不顯著,可以推測重購退稅之設置能夠使自住者的換屋需求不受房地合一稅的高稅率影響。出售房地賺取之資本利得越高,重購更高價房地之機率會降低;而在重購更高價房地的樣本中,資本利得越高,重購房地之價格會越高,顯示可能有投資者利用自住房地來賺取資本利得。年齡會直接或間接影響重購房地之行為,因此導致部分因素之迴歸結果在控制年齡的情況下不顯著。 最後,本研究給予稅制部分修正之建議,主要有延長出售與重購之期限、增加重購退稅次數之限制以及給予一定年齡以上或房地之所在縣市有更多的退稅優惠。
In recent years, housing prices in Taiwan have continued to rise. To curb speculation, the government implemented tax reforms including the Integrated House and Land Tax, along with a tax refund mechanism for owner-occupiers replacing their homes. This study uses 2016–2021 data from Taiwan’s Ministry of Finance to examine factors influencing property sellers’ decisions to apply for tax refunds through home replacement. The Heckman Two-Step Model is adopted to address sample selection bias. The first stage applies a Probit model to estimate the probability of repurchase, and the second stage uses OLS to analyze factors affecting repurchase amounts, under scenarios with and without age control. Results show that tax rates do not significantly affect repurchase decisions. It can be inferred that the implementation of the tax refund mechanism allows owner-occupiers’ housing mobility needs to remain unaffected by the high tax rates imposed under the Integrated House and Land Tax. Higher capital gains reduce the probability of purchasing a higher-value property, but for those who do repurchase, capital gains are positively related to the value of the new property, suggesting some investors may misuse the refund policy. Age is a key factor affecting repurchase behavior and influences regression outcomes. This study recommends extending the replacement deadline, limiting refund application frequency, and offering enhanced benefits for elderly taxpayers or properties located in specific regions.
參考文獻 謝淑芬 (2007),「家計單位的旅遊消費支出之研究-Heckman Two-stage 估計法」,《餐旅暨家政學刊》,4(1),1-20。 李彗綾 (2008),「土地增值稅自用住宅用地優惠稅率與重購退稅規定並存之探討」,《商業現代化學刊》,4(4),121-133。 余俊賢與莊蕎安 (2015),「房地合一稅之解析與因應」,《會計研究月刊》,(357),102-110。 黃曉薇 (2015),「以量能課稅原則檢驗自用住宅房屋稅」,《財產法暨經濟法》,(42),1-37。 陳明燦 (2015),「我國房地合一課徵交易所得稅之法制分析 —兼論所得稅法修正內容」,《財稅研究》,44(6) 陳勇勝 (2016) ,「實施房地合一課徵所得稅之探討」,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學經濟學研究所。 林雅真 (2018),「我國自用住宅土地重購退稅之研究」,碩士論文,國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程。 林俊宏、陳雪貞 (2020) ,「探討土地增值稅與房地合一所得稅之稅額計算立法」,《中正財經法學》,(20),123-159。 余俊賢、莊蕎安 (2021) ,「房地合一2.0之所得稅法修正重點解析」,《會計研究月刊》,(427),38-43。 陳麗玲 (2021) ,「房地合一稅實行後對於不同型態之房地產移轉稅負影響」,碩士論文,國立臺北商業大學財政稅務研究所。 余俊賢、莊蕎安 (2022),「重購退稅5年內未設戶籍三情形免追繳稅款」,《會計研究月刊》,(443),48-50。 湯子萱(2024),「自用住宅優惠稅率對台灣房屋市場的影響」,碩士論文,國立政治大學財政學研究所。 財政部。「政府實施房地合一稅及是否推動囤房稅之政策評估」專案報告。立法院第 10屆第 3 會期財政委員會第 8 次全體委員會議(2021 年 3 月 24 日)。財政部全球資訊網,https://www.mof.gov.tw/。 全國法規資料料庫,https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=G0340003&kw=%e6%89%80%e5%be%97%e7%a8%85%e6%b3%95。 James J. Heckman (1979), “Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error” Econometrica, 47(1), 153-161 Thomas Bier, Ivan Maric and Winifred Weizer (2000), “A Preliminary Assessment of the New Home Seller Capital Gains Law” Housing Policy Debate, 11(3), 645-673. Christopher R. Cunningham and Gary V. Engelhardt (2008), “Housing capital-gains taxation and homeowner mobility: Evidence from the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997” Journal of Urban Economics, 63(3), 803-815 David C. Ling and Milena Petrova (2008), “Avoiding Taxes at Any Cost: The Economics of Tax-Deferred Real Estate Exchanges” The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 36(4), 367-404. Hui Shan (2011), “The Effect of Capital Gains Taxation on Home Sales : Evidence from the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997” Journal of Public Economics, 95(1-2), 177-188. William A. V. Clark (2013), “Life course events and residential change: unpacking age effects on the probability of moving” Journal of Population Research, 30(4), 319-334. Paul Goldsmith-Pinkham and Kelly Shue (2020), “The Gender Gap in Housing Returns” Working Papers 2020-003, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group. Kelly Bishop, Jakob Dowling, Nicolai V. Kuminoff, and Alvin Murphy (2023), “Tax Policy and the Heterogeneous Costs of Homeownership” NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138. Jinyhup Kim (2024), “Aging, housing prices, and young adults’ homeownership” Cities, 149, 104914.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系
112255001
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112255001
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳文傑<br>傅健豪zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wu, Wen-Chieh<br>Fu, Chien-Haoen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 湯于萱zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tang, Yu-Shiuanen_US
dc.creator (作者) 湯于萱zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tang, Yu-Shiuanen_US
dc.date (日期) 2025en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2025 16:31:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Sep-2025 16:31:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2025 16:31:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0112255001en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159323-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財政學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 112255001zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年來房市價格不斷上漲,我國政府為抑制房市炒作,訂定了相關稅法。政府為避免在抑制房市炒作時,減少對自住者的影響,在規定房地合一稅之制度的情況下,搭配了自住者重購退稅的優惠。 本研究使用2016年至2021年財政部財政資訊中心提供之相關房地合一稅及綜合所得稅申報相關資料,探討影響出售房地重購退稅行為之因素。本研究採用Heckman兩階段模型(Heckman Two-Step Model),以解決樣本選擇偏誤(sample selection bias)之情形,第一階段為Probit模型,第二階段為普通最小平方法(OLS)模型,分別於控制年齡變數與未控制年齡變數之情境下,探討制度規定因素、個人因素及房地因素對於重購退稅行為之影響。 研究結果顯示,出售房地面臨之房地合一稅稅率對重購行為影響不顯著,可以推測重購退稅之設置能夠使自住者的換屋需求不受房地合一稅的高稅率影響。出售房地賺取之資本利得越高,重購更高價房地之機率會降低;而在重購更高價房地的樣本中,資本利得越高,重購房地之價格會越高,顯示可能有投資者利用自住房地來賺取資本利得。年齡會直接或間接影響重購房地之行為,因此導致部分因素之迴歸結果在控制年齡的情況下不顯著。 最後,本研究給予稅制部分修正之建議,主要有延長出售與重購之期限、增加重購退稅次數之限制以及給予一定年齡以上或房地之所在縣市有更多的退稅優惠。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In recent years, housing prices in Taiwan have continued to rise. To curb speculation, the government implemented tax reforms including the Integrated House and Land Tax, along with a tax refund mechanism for owner-occupiers replacing their homes. This study uses 2016–2021 data from Taiwan’s Ministry of Finance to examine factors influencing property sellers’ decisions to apply for tax refunds through home replacement. The Heckman Two-Step Model is adopted to address sample selection bias. The first stage applies a Probit model to estimate the probability of repurchase, and the second stage uses OLS to analyze factors affecting repurchase amounts, under scenarios with and without age control. Results show that tax rates do not significantly affect repurchase decisions. It can be inferred that the implementation of the tax refund mechanism allows owner-occupiers’ housing mobility needs to remain unaffected by the high tax rates imposed under the Integrated House and Land Tax. Higher capital gains reduce the probability of purchasing a higher-value property, but for those who do repurchase, capital gains are positively related to the value of the new property, suggesting some investors may misuse the refund policy. Age is a key factor affecting repurchase behavior and influences regression outcomes. This study recommends extending the replacement deadline, limiting refund application frequency, and offering enhanced benefits for elderly taxpayers or properties located in specific regions.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究問題與方法 3 第三節 研究架構 5 第貳章 我國房地合一稅重購退稅現制 7 第一節 房地合一稅重購退稅 7 第二節 房地合一稅重購退稅追繳 11 第三節 房地合一稅重購退稅現制探討 12 第四節 文獻回顧 14 第參章 研究方法 18 第一節 模型設定 18 第二節 變數選取與資料來源 20 第肆章 實證結果與分析 28 第一節 敘述性統計分析 28 第二節 實證結果分析 39 第伍章 結論與建議 53 參考資料 55 附錄 58zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1781784 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112255001en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 房地合一稅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 重購退稅zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Heckman兩階段模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 房地交易zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自住房地zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Integrated house and land taxationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Repurchase tax refunden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Heckman Two-Step Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Real estate transactionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Owner-occupied propertyen_US
dc.title (題名) 重購退稅制度對於房屋重購決定之影響-以房地合一稅為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The impact of Tax Refunds for Property Repurchase on Property Repurchasing Decisions: Evidence from House and Land Transactions Income Taxen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 謝淑芬 (2007),「家計單位的旅遊消費支出之研究-Heckman Two-stage 估計法」,《餐旅暨家政學刊》,4(1),1-20。 李彗綾 (2008),「土地增值稅自用住宅用地優惠稅率與重購退稅規定並存之探討」,《商業現代化學刊》,4(4),121-133。 余俊賢與莊蕎安 (2015),「房地合一稅之解析與因應」,《會計研究月刊》,(357),102-110。 黃曉薇 (2015),「以量能課稅原則檢驗自用住宅房屋稅」,《財產法暨經濟法》,(42),1-37。 陳明燦 (2015),「我國房地合一課徵交易所得稅之法制分析 —兼論所得稅法修正內容」,《財稅研究》,44(6) 陳勇勝 (2016) ,「實施房地合一課徵所得稅之探討」,碩士論文,國立臺灣大學經濟學研究所。 林雅真 (2018),「我國自用住宅土地重購退稅之研究」,碩士論文,國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程。 林俊宏、陳雪貞 (2020) ,「探討土地增值稅與房地合一所得稅之稅額計算立法」,《中正財經法學》,(20),123-159。 余俊賢、莊蕎安 (2021) ,「房地合一2.0之所得稅法修正重點解析」,《會計研究月刊》,(427),38-43。 陳麗玲 (2021) ,「房地合一稅實行後對於不同型態之房地產移轉稅負影響」,碩士論文,國立臺北商業大學財政稅務研究所。 余俊賢、莊蕎安 (2022),「重購退稅5年內未設戶籍三情形免追繳稅款」,《會計研究月刊》,(443),48-50。 湯子萱(2024),「自用住宅優惠稅率對台灣房屋市場的影響」,碩士論文,國立政治大學財政學研究所。 財政部。「政府實施房地合一稅及是否推動囤房稅之政策評估」專案報告。立法院第 10屆第 3 會期財政委員會第 8 次全體委員會議(2021 年 3 月 24 日)。財政部全球資訊網,https://www.mof.gov.tw/。 全國法規資料料庫,https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=G0340003&kw=%e6%89%80%e5%be%97%e7%a8%85%e6%b3%95。 James J. Heckman (1979), “Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error” Econometrica, 47(1), 153-161 Thomas Bier, Ivan Maric and Winifred Weizer (2000), “A Preliminary Assessment of the New Home Seller Capital Gains Law” Housing Policy Debate, 11(3), 645-673. Christopher R. Cunningham and Gary V. Engelhardt (2008), “Housing capital-gains taxation and homeowner mobility: Evidence from the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997” Journal of Urban Economics, 63(3), 803-815 David C. Ling and Milena Petrova (2008), “Avoiding Taxes at Any Cost: The Economics of Tax-Deferred Real Estate Exchanges” The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 36(4), 367-404. Hui Shan (2011), “The Effect of Capital Gains Taxation on Home Sales : Evidence from the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997” Journal of Public Economics, 95(1-2), 177-188. William A. V. Clark (2013), “Life course events and residential change: unpacking age effects on the probability of moving” Journal of Population Research, 30(4), 319-334. Paul Goldsmith-Pinkham and Kelly Shue (2020), “The Gender Gap in Housing Returns” Working Papers 2020-003, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group. Kelly Bishop, Jakob Dowling, Nicolai V. Kuminoff, and Alvin Murphy (2023), “Tax Policy and the Heterogeneous Costs of Homeownership” NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138. Jinyhup Kim (2024), “Aging, housing prices, and young adults’ homeownership” Cities, 149, 104914.zh_TW