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題名 議員選民服務與違章建築存續之關聯
The Relationship Between Constituent Services and the Persistence of Illegal Buildings作者 李靜如
Lee, Ching-Ju貢獻者 林子欽<br>江穎慧
Lin, Tzu-Chin<br>Chiang, Ying-Hui
李靜如
Lee, Ching-Ju關鍵詞 違章建築
違章建築協調
民意代表
選區服務
選民服務
固定效果模型
illegal buildings
political intervention
local councilors
constituency services
constituent services
fixed-effects model日期 2025 上傳時間 2-Oct-2025 11:09:15 (UTC+8) 摘要 我國之違章建築問題長期存在,違章建築本質上屬於違法之使用,應依法拆除處理。然而在實際執行過程中,部分案件卻因執行不力或地方議員介入而延後處理,顯示若僅以「依法拆除」作為治理手段,未必總能有效回應社會的期待。有鑑於此,本研究聚焦於臺北市違建拆除過程中,地方民意代表干預之現象,結合政治學中有關民意代表進行選區服務之觀點,拓展現有文獻對於地方政治在違建治理過程中所扮演角色的理解,並試圖藉由實證分析地方政治與違建處理間的關聯,呈現制度規範在實際運作中,可能受到地方政治條件與社會因素的調整與影響。 本研究以臺北市建築管理工程處2010年至2019年之已查報違建資料為基礎,透過空間分析檢視地方議員協調違建之行為是否存在區域間與區域內差異;並進一步利用固定效果迴歸模型進行實證分析。研究結果顯示,違建協調行為具明顯的空間分布不均現象,且即使控制違建協調之需求方因素與供給方因素後,其發生仍受到難以觀測或量化之因素影響。此結果可能反映,政策執行之統一性與公平性在地方議員的選區服務策略與選民請託壓力之下產生調整,導致原本應一致的法令執行在不同地區呈現差異;亦揭示了正是因為政府對於違建治理之重視程度不足,才提供了地方議員介入協調違建的空間。
Illegal buildings have long been a persistent issue in Taiwan. In essence, illegal buildings constitute unlawful use and are legally subject to demolition. However, in practice, some cases have been postponed due to weak enforcement or intervention by local councilors. In light of this, this study focuses on the phenomenon of local representatives’ intervention in the demolition process of illegal buildings in Taipei City. By incorporating perspectives from political science on constituency services, it expands the existing literature on the role of local politics in the governance of illegal buildings, showing how institutional regulations in practice may be adjusted or influenced by local political conditions and social factors. This study is based on records of reported illegal buildings from 2010 to 2019, which were obtained from the Taipei City Construction Management Office. Spatial analysis is employed to examine whether interventions display inter- and intra-regional variation, followed by fixed-effects regression models for empirical testing. The results reveal significant spatial unevenness in intervention behavior. Even after controlling for demand-side and supply-side factors, interventions remain influenced by unobservable conditions. These findings suggest that the uniformity and fairness of policy enforcement are reshaped by councilors’ service strategies and constituent pressures, leading to uneven implementation of legal enforcement. They also imply that the limited governmental emphasis on illegal building governance may have provided space for councilors’ intervention.參考文獻 一、中文參考文獻 1. 王業立(2008),『比較選舉制度』,臺北:五南圖書出版社。 2. 何宗武(2014),『追蹤資料分析:原理與R程式實務=Panel data analysis with R』,臺北:雙葉書廊。 3. 李思婷(2022),固樁或擴張?市議員地方建設建議事項的運用策略,選舉研究,29(1),31-67。 4. 吳重禮(2002),SNTV的省思:弊端肇因或是代罪羔羊?,問題與研究,41(3):45-60。 5. 邱啟新(2015),「朗讀違章」與「建構蘭花屋」:當代臺灣違建論述之公共空間觀點與公共性詮釋,建築與規劃學報,16(1):21-39。 6. 林子欽、朱永恩、吳文傑(2021),臺北市違章建築查報及後續處理決策因素,住宅學報,30(2):47-66。 7. 孫晉英(2020),違章建築問題與修法方向之研析(立法院法制局專題研究報告編號:1530),臺北市:立法院法制局。 8. 陳小紅、周鳳(1987),臺北市路邊洗車業之研究:以非正式部門觀,國立臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報,(3):167-178。 9. 盛杏湲(1999),立法問政與選區服務:第三屆立法委員代表行為的探討,選舉研究,6(2):89-120。 10. 盛杏湲(2014),再探選區服務與立法問政:選制改革前後的比較,東吳政治學報,32(2):65-116。 11. 張福建、劉義周(2002),代表的理論與實際,政治與社會哲學評論,(1):117-149。 12. 張福建(2007),代表與議會政治—一個政治思想史的探索與反,行政暨政策學報,(45):1-34。 13. 湯京平(2002),環境保護與地方政治:北高兩市環保官員對於影響執法因素的認知調查,台灣政治學刊,(6),138-183。 14. 曾鵬光、江哲銘、陳肇堯(2010),違章建築現象分類與其對外部環境衝擊之研究以臺南市為例。住宅學報,19(2):59-80。 15. 曾鵬光、陳佳欣(2012),建蔽率與容積率管制誘發開發商建築違建現象之探討─台南市新建透天住宅之實證分析,住宅學報,21(1):19-36。 16. 游國鑫(2012),地方民意代表選區經營之研究,國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程碩士論文:臺北。 17. 黃秀端(1994),『選區服務:立法委員心目中連任之基礎』,臺北:唐山出版社。 18. Hill, R. C., Griffiths, W. E., & Lim, G. C. (2012),計量經濟學(黃智聰、梁儀盈譯),臺北:雙葉書廊。(原著出版年:2008) 19. 黃聖賓(2010),地方民意代表進行選民服務內容分析之研究-以第8屆、第9屆臺北市議會為例,國立臺北大學公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班論文:新北。 20. 黃麗玲(2015),「違章建築社區」的再思考,全國律師,19(1):18-27。 21. 黃楷聞(2021),人情與面子交換下之違章建築,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:臺北。 22. 楊友仁(1998),循環的債務:對臺北市違章建築與都市規劃的歷史觀察,城市與設計學報,4:301-314。 23. 楊景程、楊詩弘(2017),遏止新違建措施現況調查研究-以臺北市為例,臺灣物業管理學會論文集,95-105。 24. 趙家涓(2019),臺北市非正式住宅之成因與對策,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文:臺北。 25. 蔡佳泓(1996),立法委員的選民服務之個案研究,國立政治大學政治學系碩士論文:臺北。 26. 謝崑滄(2006),都市違章建築問題之探討-以高雄市為例,國立中山大學中山學術研究所碩士論文:高雄。 27. 羅清俊、郭益玟(2012),管制政策的分配政治特質:臺灣環境保護訴願決定的實證分析,行政暨政策學報,1-40。 28. 蘇子喬(2020),我國直轄市與縣市議員選舉制度的檢討,國會季刊,48(2):1-15。 二、英文參考文獻 1. Arter, D. (2017). The What, Why’s and How’s of Constituency Service. Representation, 54(1), 5–21. 2. Baltagi, B.H. (2021). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. Springer Texts in Business and Economics. Springer, Cham. 3. Bayat, A. (2000). From Dangerous Classes' to Quiet Rebels' Politics of the Urban Subaltern in the Global South. International sociology, 15(3), 533-557. 4. Bunnell, T., & Harris, A. (2012). Re-viewing informality: perspectives from urban Asia. International Development Planning Review, 34(4), 339-348. 5. Bussell, J. (2019). Clients and constituents: Political responsiveness in patronage democracies. Modern South Asia. 6. Butler, D. M., Karpowitz, C. F., & Pope, J. C. (2012). A field experiment on legislators’ home styles: service versus policy. The Journal of Politics, 74(2), 474-486. 7. Bromley, R. (1978). Introduction-the urban informal sector: why is it worth discussing?. World development, 6(9-10), 1033-1039. 8. Castells, M., & Portes, A. (1989). World underneath: The origins, dynamics, and effects of the informal economy. The informal economy: Studies in advanced and less developed countries, 12. 9. Cain, B. E., Ferejohn, J. A., & Fiorina, M. P. (1984). The Constituency Service Basis of the Personal Vote for U.S. Representatives and British Members of Parliament. American Political Science Review, 78(1), 110–125. 10. Calor, I., & Alterman, R. (2017). When enforcement fails: Comparative analysis of the legal and planning responses to non-compliant development in two advanced-economy countries. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 9(3), 207-239. 11. Cover, A. D. (1980). Contacting Congressional Constituents: Some Patterns of Perquisite Use. American Journal of Political Science, 24(1), 125–135. 12. Daniels, P. W. (2004). Urban challenges: the formal and informal economies in mega-cities. Cities, 21(6), 501-511. 13. de Soto, H. (2000). The mystery of capital: Why capitalism triumphs in the West and fails everywhere else. Basic books. 14. Dovi, S.(2015). Hanna Pitkin, The Concept of Representation. In J. T. Levy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Classics in Contemporary Political Theory. Oxford University Press. 15. Ellis, C. (2012). Understanding economic biases in representation: Income, resources, and policy representation in the 110th House. Political Research Quarterly, 65(4), 938-951. 16. Eulau, H., & Karps, P. D. (1977). The puzzle of representation: Specifying components of responsiveness. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 233-254. 17. Fenno, R. F. (1978). Home style: House members in their districts. Little & Brown. 18. Ferejohn, J. (1986). Incumbent Performance and Electoral Control. Public Choice, 50(1/3), 5–25. 19. Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric analysis (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. 20. Habel, P., & Birch, S. (2019). A field experiment on the effects of ethnicity and socioeconomic status on the quality of representation. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 44(3), 389-420. 21. Hamilton, L. H. (1992). Constituent service and representation. The Public Manager: The New Bureaucrat, 21(2), 12+. 22. Hart, K. (1973). Informal income opportunities and urban employment in Ghana. The journal of modern African studies, 11(1), 61-89. 23. Hayes, T. J. (2013). Responsiveness in an era of inequality: The case of the US Senate. Political Research Quarterly, 66(3), 585-599. 24. International Labour Organisation. Director-General., & International Labour Organisation. Director-General. (1991). The dilemma of the informal sector. ILO. 25. Johannes, J. R. (1980). The Distribution of Casework in the U. S. Congress: An Uneven Burden. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 5(4), 517–544. 26. Kuklinski, J. H. (1978). Representativeness and Elections: A Policy Analysis. American Political Science Review, 72(1), 165–177. 27. Mendez, M. S., & Grose, C. R. (2018). Doubling down: Inequality in responsiveness and the policy preferences of elected officials. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 43(3), 457-491. 28. Mezey, M. L. (1983). The Functions of Legislatures in the Third World. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 8(4), 511–550. 29. Miler, K. C. (2007). “The View from the Hill: Legislative Perceptions of the District.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 597–628. 30. Neiman, J. (2017). The impact of education on legislative responsiveness in three field experiments. Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1). 31. Petersen, R. E. & Eckman, S. J. (2021). Casework in a congressional office: background, rules, laws, and resources. Washington: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. 32. Reed, S. R. (1994). Democracy and the personal vote: A cautionary tale from Japan. Electoral Studies, 13(1), 17-28. 33. Roy, A. (2005). Urban Informality: Toward an Epistemology of Planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 71(2), 147–158. 34. Roy, A. (2009). Why India cannot plan its cities: Informality, insurgence and the idiom of urbanization. Planning theory, 8(1), 76-87. 35. Sanches, E. R., Conduto, J., Marinha, A., & Espírito-Santo, A. (2024). What do we mean when we talk about constituency service? A scoping literature review of four decades of research. Political Research Exchange, 6(1). 36. Snyder, R., Judge-Lord, D., Powell, E. N., & Grimmer, J. (2022). Who gets constituent service. Journal of Politics, 84, 227-243. 37. Thomsen, D. M., & Sanders, B. K. (2020). Gender differences in legislator responsiveness. Perspectives on Politics, 18(4), 10 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政學系
112257014資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112257014 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 林子欽<br>江穎慧 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Tzu-Chin<br>Chiang, Ying-Hui en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李靜如 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lee, Ching-Ju en_US dc.creator (作者) 李靜如 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lee, Ching-Ju en_US dc.date (日期) 2025 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Oct-2025 11:09:15 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Oct-2025 11:09:15 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Oct-2025 11:09:15 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0112257014 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159697 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 地政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 112257014 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 我國之違章建築問題長期存在,違章建築本質上屬於違法之使用,應依法拆除處理。然而在實際執行過程中,部分案件卻因執行不力或地方議員介入而延後處理,顯示若僅以「依法拆除」作為治理手段,未必總能有效回應社會的期待。有鑑於此,本研究聚焦於臺北市違建拆除過程中,地方民意代表干預之現象,結合政治學中有關民意代表進行選區服務之觀點,拓展現有文獻對於地方政治在違建治理過程中所扮演角色的理解,並試圖藉由實證分析地方政治與違建處理間的關聯,呈現制度規範在實際運作中,可能受到地方政治條件與社會因素的調整與影響。 本研究以臺北市建築管理工程處2010年至2019年之已查報違建資料為基礎,透過空間分析檢視地方議員協調違建之行為是否存在區域間與區域內差異;並進一步利用固定效果迴歸模型進行實證分析。研究結果顯示,違建協調行為具明顯的空間分布不均現象,且即使控制違建協調之需求方因素與供給方因素後,其發生仍受到難以觀測或量化之因素影響。此結果可能反映,政策執行之統一性與公平性在地方議員的選區服務策略與選民請託壓力之下產生調整,導致原本應一致的法令執行在不同地區呈現差異;亦揭示了正是因為政府對於違建治理之重視程度不足,才提供了地方議員介入協調違建的空間。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Illegal buildings have long been a persistent issue in Taiwan. In essence, illegal buildings constitute unlawful use and are legally subject to demolition. However, in practice, some cases have been postponed due to weak enforcement or intervention by local councilors. In light of this, this study focuses on the phenomenon of local representatives’ intervention in the demolition process of illegal buildings in Taipei City. By incorporating perspectives from political science on constituency services, it expands the existing literature on the role of local politics in the governance of illegal buildings, showing how institutional regulations in practice may be adjusted or influenced by local political conditions and social factors. This study is based on records of reported illegal buildings from 2010 to 2019, which were obtained from the Taipei City Construction Management Office. Spatial analysis is employed to examine whether interventions display inter- and intra-regional variation, followed by fixed-effects regression models for empirical testing. The results reveal significant spatial unevenness in intervention behavior. Even after controlling for demand-side and supply-side factors, interventions remain influenced by unobservable conditions. These findings suggest that the uniformity and fairness of policy enforcement are reshaped by councilors’ service strategies and constituent pressures, leading to uneven implementation of legal enforcement. They also imply that the limited governmental emphasis on illegal building governance may have provided space for councilors’ intervention. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究範圍與方法 4 第三節 研究架構與流程 6 第二章 文獻回顧 9 第一節 非正式住宅與違章建築 9 第二節 我國違章建築之發展 14 第三節 民意代表角色與選區服務 25 第四節 地方民意代表之選區服務與違章建築協調 33 第三章 研究設計 37 第一節 資料來源與限制 37 第二節 模型建構 39 第三節 資料說明與模型設定 43 第四章 實證分析 59 第一節 共線性診斷 59 第二節 追蹤資料模型實證結果 61 第五章 結論與建議 73 第一節 研究結論 73 第二節 研究建議 76 參考文獻 79 附錄 85 zh_TW dc.format.extent 4310571 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112257014 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 違章建築 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 違章建築協調 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民意代表 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 選區服務 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 選民服務 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 固定效果模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) illegal buildings en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) political intervention en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) local councilors en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) constituency services en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) constituent services en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) fixed-effects model en_US dc.title (題名) 議員選民服務與違章建築存續之關聯 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Relationship Between Constituent Services and the Persistence of Illegal Buildings en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文參考文獻 1. 王業立(2008),『比較選舉制度』,臺北:五南圖書出版社。 2. 何宗武(2014),『追蹤資料分析:原理與R程式實務=Panel data analysis with R』,臺北:雙葉書廊。 3. 李思婷(2022),固樁或擴張?市議員地方建設建議事項的運用策略,選舉研究,29(1),31-67。 4. 吳重禮(2002),SNTV的省思:弊端肇因或是代罪羔羊?,問題與研究,41(3):45-60。 5. 邱啟新(2015),「朗讀違章」與「建構蘭花屋」:當代臺灣違建論述之公共空間觀點與公共性詮釋,建築與規劃學報,16(1):21-39。 6. 林子欽、朱永恩、吳文傑(2021),臺北市違章建築查報及後續處理決策因素,住宅學報,30(2):47-66。 7. 孫晉英(2020),違章建築問題與修法方向之研析(立法院法制局專題研究報告編號:1530),臺北市:立法院法制局。 8. 陳小紅、周鳳(1987),臺北市路邊洗車業之研究:以非正式部門觀,國立臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報,(3):167-178。 9. 盛杏湲(1999),立法問政與選區服務:第三屆立法委員代表行為的探討,選舉研究,6(2):89-120。 10. 盛杏湲(2014),再探選區服務與立法問政:選制改革前後的比較,東吳政治學報,32(2):65-116。 11. 張福建、劉義周(2002),代表的理論與實際,政治與社會哲學評論,(1):117-149。 12. 張福建(2007),代表與議會政治—一個政治思想史的探索與反,行政暨政策學報,(45):1-34。 13. 湯京平(2002),環境保護與地方政治:北高兩市環保官員對於影響執法因素的認知調查,台灣政治學刊,(6),138-183。 14. 曾鵬光、江哲銘、陳肇堯(2010),違章建築現象分類與其對外部環境衝擊之研究以臺南市為例。住宅學報,19(2):59-80。 15. 曾鵬光、陳佳欣(2012),建蔽率與容積率管制誘發開發商建築違建現象之探討─台南市新建透天住宅之實證分析,住宅學報,21(1):19-36。 16. 游國鑫(2012),地方民意代表選區經營之研究,國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程碩士論文:臺北。 17. 黃秀端(1994),『選區服務:立法委員心目中連任之基礎』,臺北:唐山出版社。 18. 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