Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 跨國運動商品企業網站傳播策略之內容分析—美國、中國與台灣之比較
作者 黃啟鈞
貢獻者 賴建都
黃啟鈞
關鍵詞 內容分析法
傳播策略
跨國企業
運動商品
網站
Communication strategies
Content analysis method
Multinational corporations (MNCs)
Sports Commodity
Website
日期 2003
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:11:33 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究以網際網路做為企業行銷溝通之互動性媒介為觀點,以內容分析法進行兩部分之研究。第一部份以分析跨國運動商品企業網站首頁為題;第二部分則測度傳播策略呈現在跨文化運動商品網頁中的標準化程度,以期對跨國運動商品企業建置各國家地區網站與網頁之現況有一概括性的瞭解。
     第一部份將運動商品企業網站首頁劃分為「內容」與「設計」兩項架構,分析12家跨國運動商品企業在美國、中國與台灣共計33個首頁樣本,發現中國與台灣併計為大中華地區所列載之內容項目與功能設計,與美國運動商品網站首頁之差異不大;但在線上購物機制上則仍未有成熟的環境與建置,此結果可呼應於其他跨文化行銷傳播研究的相關論述。
     第二部分研究植基於傳統廣告內容的分析技術,變項涵括:「資訊內容」、「文化價值」與「創意策略」等三面向,檢測跨國運動商品企業設置於美國、中國與台灣地區共計211個網頁樣本。結果發現運動商品網頁確實是涉入度高、資訊承載量大的互動性媒體,偏向使用「獨立性文化價值」以傳達個體性而非集體性的文化概念。然而大中華區在廣告運用與網路媒體的開放性,複雜紛呈的文化價值表現,亦造成運動商品網頁的跨文化差異化。創意策略則使用商品的論點與細節,結合象徵性聯想與品牌熟悉度的方式,同時傳達品牌名稱、商標符號與名人代言的情境,以行銷每一季推陳出新的運動商品。
This study regards the Internet as an interactive medium of corporate marketing communication, engages in two parts of studies by content analysis method. The first part analyzes sports-commodity multinational corporations’ home pages; the second part evaluates the degree of standardizations’ online communication strategies across differing cultures. And to comprehend summarized about how the sports-commodity MNCs set up regional websites.
     Divides into two frames of “content” and “design” categories, the first part analyzes 33 home-page samples in 12 sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan. So that sports-commodity home pages’ content items and design functions have no remarkable difference. But the systems of online shopping environment are not mature in China and Taiwan. The result is coherent with past cross-cultural studies that compared marketing communications.
     On the basis of traditional advertising content study techniques, three explanatory variables are conducted, i.e. “information content”, “culture value” and “creative strategies”. Examining the 211 web-page samples in sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan, the finding suggests that the high involvement nature of interactive medium is closely related to the informative web pages. And the predominant usage of “independent culture value” conveys individualism but collectivism cultural concepts. However, the liberalization of the Internet media and advertising usage; representation of complicated culture values, are the reasons to cause the cross-cultural diversity between localized sports-commodity MNCs’ web pages. To weed through the old to bring forth the new sports commodity every season, the MNCs have adapted their web creative strategies by products’ arguments and specifics, and integrating symbolic association and brand familiarization, with context of brand name, trademark and celebrity endorsers.
參考文獻 王石番(民80):《傳播內容分析法:理論與實證》(二版)。臺北:幼獅。
王宗吉、洪煌佳(民91):〈論運動產業發展的社會變遷〉。《國民體育季刊》,第31卷第4期,頁17-22。
任永貞(民90):《企業網站首頁之公共關係目標公眾、企業形象與功能分析研究—以國內前五百大企業為例》。國立中山大學傳播管理研究所碩士論文。
江志浩(民91):〈2002年我國企業連網及資訊應用程度調查報告〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=47
江志浩(民93):〈解析臺灣在世界經濟論壇網路整備指標評比中的表現〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/trend/0105_trend_disp.asp?trend_id=1246
吳吟姝(民92):《動態圖像應用於網路媒體設計之研究—以Macromedia Flash為例》。國立臺灣師範大學設計研究所碩士論文。
李雅萍(民93):〈2003年第四季臺灣網際網路連線頻寬調查〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=71
周育全(民89):《企業網站互動性功能之研究》。東吳大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
季延平譯(民89),Ward, H.(1999)原著:《網際網路行銷》(初版),臺北:華泰。
居延安等譯(1988),Hall, E.T. (1976)原著:《超越文化》,上海:新華。
林婷婷(民92):《臺灣、香港、中國大陸三地華文網路廣告型態與訊息特性研究》。國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文。
林朝賢、賴香菊(民84):〈全球資訊網(WWW)企業應用現狀分析〉。《資訊經理人》,頁8-20。
林豪鏘、曹修源、Ian Phau(民91):《網路行銷》(初版)。臺北:旗標。
昝家騏、劉榮聰(民89):〈運動產業的市場結構與其對運動行銷的涵意〉。《大專體育》,第50期,頁165-171。
張依真(民91):《片頭動畫首頁構成要素內容分析之研究》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。
蔡淑如(民89):《新聞網站互動性功能設計與使用者感知行為之初探—以聯合新聞網為例》。國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文。
孫思源、賴香菊、董和昇(民88):〈以廣告觀點分析企業網頁內容之研究〉。《中華管理評論》,第2卷第7期,頁61-68。
孫昱譯(民85),Sterne,J.(1995)原著:《商業行銷的明日之星-全球資訊網WWW》,臺北:松崗。
徐揚(民88):〈正視運動行銷功能—談運動從業人員的運動行銷正確觀〉。《大專體育》,第44期,頁67-73。
張依真(民91):《片頭動畫首頁構成要素內容分析之研究》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。
陳俊憲(民85):《企業於全球資訊網上設置首頁採用過程與採用狀況之研究》。國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
陶蓓麗、廖則峻(民90):〈台灣企業全球資訊網建置情況之研究〉。《淡江人文社會學刊》,第7期,頁109-129。
程紹同(民93):〈新世紀商戰的魔法師:運動行銷策略之重裝上陣—2004年運動行銷趨勢分析〉。《廣告》,第153期,頁38-42。
黃煜(民89a):〈21世紀運動產業的未來—談運動行銷趨勢〉。《動腦》,第294期,頁56-59。
黃煜(民89b):〈非實體性運動產品特性與行銷應用之討論〉。《國民體育季刊》,第29卷第3期,頁52-60。
黃錦華(民91):《國際企業公司網站之內容分析—以跨國消費品公司為例》。朝陽科技大學企業管理系碩士論文。
楊忠川(民89):〈網路族群對廣播電視網站態度調查〉。《資訊與電腦》,第237期,頁134-141。
劉先翔,李慶章(民88):〈以廣告資訊準則分析國內運動性企業網站之內容研究〉。《體育學報》,第28期,頁243-250。
歐上晉(民92):《網站首頁視覺設計要素與使用者滿意度之相關分析研究—以汽車製造業首頁為例》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。
鄭志富等譯(民89),Pitts, B. G. & Stotlar D. K.原著:《運動行銷學》。臺北:華泰。
謝一睿(民87):〈由運動行銷之觀點談「運動市場」及「運動產品」之特性〉。《大專體育》,第38期,頁110-114。
Abernethy, A. M. & Franke, G. R. (1996). The Information Content of Advertising: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Advertising, 25(2), pp. 1-17.
Albers-Miller, N. D., & Gelb, B. D. (1996). Business Advertising Appeal as A Mirror of Cultural Dimensions: A Study of Eleven Counties. Journal of Advertising, 25(4), pp. 57-70.
Baecker, R. & Small, I. (1990). Animation at the Interface. The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, pp.251-267.
Chaung, P. C. (2001). The Creative Strategy Approach in Political Spot Advertising: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of The 1996 Presidential Campaigns in Taiwan and the United States. (Doctoral Dissertation, Wayne State University, 2000)( ISBN: 0-599-99855-5).
Cheng, H. & Schweitzer, J. C. (1996). Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and U.S. Television Commercials. Journal of Advertising Research,36(3), pp. 27-45.
Ching, H., & Huarng, K. (1998). Using The Internet as A Catalyst for Asia-Pacific Regional Economic Cooperation: An Example of New Chinese Network. Technology In Society, 20, pp. 131-139.
Cronin, M. J. (1995). Doing More Business on the Internet: How The Electronic Highway Is Transforming American Companies (2nd ed.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Esrock, S. L., & Leichty, G. B. (1998). Social Responsibility and Corporate Web Pages: Self-Presentation or Agenda-Setting?. Public Relations Reviews, 24(3), pp. 305-319.
Esrock, S. L., & Leichty, G. B. (2000). Organization of Corporate Web Pages: Publics and Functions. Public Relations Review 26(3), pp. 327-344.
Frith, K. T., & Tsao, J. (1998). Advertising and Cultural China: Challenges and Opportunities in Asia. Asian Journal of Communication, 8(2), pp. 14.
Ghose, S. & Dou W. (1998). Interactive Functions and Their Impact on The Appeal of Internet Presence Site. Journal of Advertising Research, 38(2), pp. 29-43.
Hoffman, D. L. & Novak, T. P. (1996). Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations. Journal of Marketing, 60(July), pp. 50-68.
Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s Consequences, International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and Organizations: Software of The Mind. London: McGraw-Hill.
Huizingh, E. K.R.E. (2000). The Content and Design of Web Sites: An Empirical Study. Information & Management, 37, pp. 123-134.
Lin, C. A. (2001). Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and American Television Advertising. Journal of Advertising, 30(4), pp. 83-94.
Liu, C. et al. (1997). Web Sites of The Fortune 500 Companies: Facing Customers Through Home Pages. Information & Management, 31.pp335-345
Martenson, R. (1987). Advertising Strategies and Information Content in American and Swedish Advertising. International Journal of Advertising,6(2).
Massey, B. L. & Levy, M. R. (1999). Interactivity, Online Journalism, and English-Language Web Newspapers in Asia. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 76(Spring), pp. 143
McBridge, N. (1997). Business Use of The Internet: Strategic Decision or Another Bandwagon. European Management Journal,15(1), pp. 58-67.
McMillan, S.J. (2000). The Microscope and The Moving Target: The Challenge of Applying Content Analysis to The World Wide Web. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(1), pp. 80-98.
Mueller, B. (1987). Reflections of Culture: An Analysis of Japanese and American Advertising Appeals. Journal of advertising research,27( June-July), pp. 51-59.
Mueller, B. (1992). Standardization vs Specialization: An Examination of Westernization in Japanese Advertising. Journal of advertising research, 32(1), pp. 15-24.
Okazaki, S. & Rivas, J. A.(2002). A Content Analysis of Multinationals’ Web Communication Strategies: Cross-cultural Research Framework and pre-testing. Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy,12(Nov 5), pp.380-390.
Pollay, R. W. (1983). Measuring the Cultural Values Manifest in Advertising. Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 6, pp. 71-92.
Quelch, J. A., & Klein, L. R. (1996). The Internet and International Marketing. Sloan Management Review, 37(3), pp. 60-75.
Reid, L. N., Lane, W. R., Wenthe, L. S. & Smith, O. W. (1985). Creative Strategies in Highly Creative Domestic and International Television Advertising. International Journal of Advertising, 4(1), pp. 11-18.
Resnik, A., & Stern, B.L.(1977). An Analysis of Information Content in Television Advertising. Journal of Marketing,41, pp. 50-53.
Simon, J. L. (1971). The Management of Advertising. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Stern, B. L., Krugman, D. M., & Resnik, A. (1981). Magazine Advertising: An Analysis of Its Information Content. Journal of Advertising Research, 21(2), pp. 39-44.
Zandpour, F., Chang, C. & Catalano, J. (1992). Stories, Symbols and Straight talk: A Comparative analysis of French, Taiwanese, and US TV Commercials. Journal of Advertising, Jan/Feb, pp. 25-38.
Zandpour, F. et al. (1994). Global Reach and Local Touch: Achieving Culture Fitness in TV Advertising. Journal of Advertising Research.(Sept./Oct.).
Zhang, Y., & Gelb, B. D. (1996). Matching Advertising Appeals to Culture: The Influence of Products’ Use Conditions. Journal of Advertising, 25, pp. 29–46.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
廣告研究所
90452010
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090452010
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 賴建都zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃啟鈞zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 黃啟鈞zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:11:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:11:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:11:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0090452010en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29725-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 廣告研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 90452010zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究以網際網路做為企業行銷溝通之互動性媒介為觀點,以內容分析法進行兩部分之研究。第一部份以分析跨國運動商品企業網站首頁為題;第二部分則測度傳播策略呈現在跨文化運動商品網頁中的標準化程度,以期對跨國運動商品企業建置各國家地區網站與網頁之現況有一概括性的瞭解。
     第一部份將運動商品企業網站首頁劃分為「內容」與「設計」兩項架構,分析12家跨國運動商品企業在美國、中國與台灣共計33個首頁樣本,發現中國與台灣併計為大中華地區所列載之內容項目與功能設計,與美國運動商品網站首頁之差異不大;但在線上購物機制上則仍未有成熟的環境與建置,此結果可呼應於其他跨文化行銷傳播研究的相關論述。
     第二部分研究植基於傳統廣告內容的分析技術,變項涵括:「資訊內容」、「文化價值」與「創意策略」等三面向,檢測跨國運動商品企業設置於美國、中國與台灣地區共計211個網頁樣本。結果發現運動商品網頁確實是涉入度高、資訊承載量大的互動性媒體,偏向使用「獨立性文化價值」以傳達個體性而非集體性的文化概念。然而大中華區在廣告運用與網路媒體的開放性,複雜紛呈的文化價值表現,亦造成運動商品網頁的跨文化差異化。創意策略則使用商品的論點與細節,結合象徵性聯想與品牌熟悉度的方式,同時傳達品牌名稱、商標符號與名人代言的情境,以行銷每一季推陳出新的運動商品。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study regards the Internet as an interactive medium of corporate marketing communication, engages in two parts of studies by content analysis method. The first part analyzes sports-commodity multinational corporations’ home pages; the second part evaluates the degree of standardizations’ online communication strategies across differing cultures. And to comprehend summarized about how the sports-commodity MNCs set up regional websites.
     Divides into two frames of “content” and “design” categories, the first part analyzes 33 home-page samples in 12 sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan. So that sports-commodity home pages’ content items and design functions have no remarkable difference. But the systems of online shopping environment are not mature in China and Taiwan. The result is coherent with past cross-cultural studies that compared marketing communications.
     On the basis of traditional advertising content study techniques, three explanatory variables are conducted, i.e. “information content”, “culture value” and “creative strategies”. Examining the 211 web-page samples in sports-commodity MNCs among USA, China, and Taiwan, the finding suggests that the high involvement nature of interactive medium is closely related to the informative web pages. And the predominant usage of “independent culture value” conveys individualism but collectivism cultural concepts. However, the liberalization of the Internet media and advertising usage; representation of complicated culture values, are the reasons to cause the cross-cultural diversity between localized sports-commodity MNCs’ web pages. To weed through the old to bring forth the new sports commodity every season, the MNCs have adapted their web creative strategies by products’ arguments and specifics, and integrating symbolic association and brand familiarization, with context of brand name, trademark and celebrity endorsers.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 論文中文摘要………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
     論文英文摘要………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
     謝辭…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
     目次…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅳ
     圖次…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅴ
     表次…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅵ
     第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………… 1
     第一節 研究背景………………………………………………………… 1
     第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………… 7
     第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………… 9
     第一節 企業的網際網路行銷…………………………………………… 9
     第二節 企業網站首頁內容之分析取向………………………………… 20
     第三節 跨國企業網站之傳播策略…………………………………… 35
     第四節 運動商品………………………………………………………… 50
     第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………………… 55
     第一節 研究設計………………………………………………………… 55
     第二節 內容分析法……………………………………………………… 60
     第三節 研究範圍………………………………………………………… 62
     第四節 類目建構………………………………………………………… 68
     第五節 編碼……………………………………………………………… 80
     第六節 信度……………………………………………………………… 81
     第四章 資料分析…………………………………………………………… 83
     第一節 運動商品企業網站首頁………………………………………… 83
     第二節 運動商品網站網頁之傳播策略………………………………… 119
     第三節 研究結果與發現………………………………………………… 160
     第五章 結論………………………………………………………………… 169
     第一節 研究結論………………………………………………………… 168
     第二節 研究限制………………………………………………………… 178
     第三節 後續研究建議…………………………………………………… 179
     參考書目……………………………………………………………………… 181
     附錄:編碼表………………………………………………………………… 187
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0090452010en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內容分析法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 傳播策略zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 跨國企業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 運動商品zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網站zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Communication strategiesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Content analysis methoden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Multinational corporations (MNCs)en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sports Commodityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Websiteen_US
dc.title (題名) 跨國運動商品企業網站傳播策略之內容分析—美國、中國與台灣之比較zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王石番(民80):《傳播內容分析法:理論與實證》(二版)。臺北:幼獅。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王宗吉、洪煌佳(民91):〈論運動產業發展的社會變遷〉。《國民體育季刊》,第31卷第4期,頁17-22。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 任永貞(民90):《企業網站首頁之公共關係目標公眾、企業形象與功能分析研究—以國內前五百大企業為例》。國立中山大學傳播管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 江志浩(民91):〈2002年我國企業連網及資訊應用程度調查報告〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=47zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 江志浩(民93):〈解析臺灣在世界經濟論壇網路整備指標評比中的表現〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/trend/0105_trend_disp.asp?trend_id=1246zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳吟姝(民92):《動態圖像應用於網路媒體設計之研究—以Macromedia Flash為例》。國立臺灣師範大學設計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李雅萍(民93):〈2003年第四季臺灣網際網路連線頻寬調查〉【線上查詢】。資策會ECRC-FIND,http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=71zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 周育全(民89):《企業網站互動性功能之研究》。東吳大學企業管理學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 季延平譯(民89),Ward, H.(1999)原著:《網際網路行銷》(初版),臺北:華泰。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 居延安等譯(1988),Hall, E.T. (1976)原著:《超越文化》,上海:新華。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林婷婷(民92):《臺灣、香港、中國大陸三地華文網路廣告型態與訊息特性研究》。國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林朝賢、賴香菊(民84):〈全球資訊網(WWW)企業應用現狀分析〉。《資訊經理人》,頁8-20。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林豪鏘、曹修源、Ian Phau(民91):《網路行銷》(初版)。臺北:旗標。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 昝家騏、劉榮聰(民89):〈運動產業的市場結構與其對運動行銷的涵意〉。《大專體育》,第50期,頁165-171。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張依真(民91):《片頭動畫首頁構成要素內容分析之研究》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡淑如(民89):《新聞網站互動性功能設計與使用者感知行為之初探—以聯合新聞網為例》。國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 孫思源、賴香菊、董和昇(民88):〈以廣告觀點分析企業網頁內容之研究〉。《中華管理評論》,第2卷第7期,頁61-68。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 孫昱譯(民85),Sterne,J.(1995)原著:《商業行銷的明日之星-全球資訊網WWW》,臺北:松崗。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 徐揚(民88):〈正視運動行銷功能—談運動從業人員的運動行銷正確觀〉。《大專體育》,第44期,頁67-73。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張依真(民91):《片頭動畫首頁構成要素內容分析之研究》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陳俊憲(民85):《企業於全球資訊網上設置首頁採用過程與採用狀況之研究》。國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 陶蓓麗、廖則峻(民90):〈台灣企業全球資訊網建置情況之研究〉。《淡江人文社會學刊》,第7期,頁109-129。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 程紹同(民93):〈新世紀商戰的魔法師:運動行銷策略之重裝上陣—2004年運動行銷趨勢分析〉。《廣告》,第153期,頁38-42。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃煜(民89a):〈21世紀運動產業的未來—談運動行銷趨勢〉。《動腦》,第294期,頁56-59。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃煜(民89b):〈非實體性運動產品特性與行銷應用之討論〉。《國民體育季刊》,第29卷第3期,頁52-60。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃錦華(民91):《國際企業公司網站之內容分析—以跨國消費品公司為例》。朝陽科技大學企業管理系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 楊忠川(民89):〈網路族群對廣播電視網站態度調查〉。《資訊與電腦》,第237期,頁134-141。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 劉先翔,李慶章(民88):〈以廣告資訊準則分析國內運動性企業網站之內容研究〉。《體育學報》,第28期,頁243-250。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 歐上晉(民92):《網站首頁視覺設計要素與使用者滿意度之相關分析研究—以汽車製造業首頁為例》。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 鄭志富等譯(民89),Pitts, B. G. & Stotlar D. K.原著:《運動行銷學》。臺北:華泰。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 謝一睿(民87):〈由運動行銷之觀點談「運動市場」及「運動產品」之特性〉。《大專體育》,第38期,頁110-114。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abernethy, A. M. & Franke, G. R. (1996). The Information Content of Advertising: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Advertising, 25(2), pp. 1-17.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Albers-Miller, N. D., & Gelb, B. D. (1996). Business Advertising Appeal as A Mirror of Cultural Dimensions: A Study of Eleven Counties. Journal of Advertising, 25(4), pp. 57-70.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baecker, R. & Small, I. (1990). Animation at the Interface. The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, pp.251-267.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chaung, P. C. (2001). The Creative Strategy Approach in Political Spot Advertising: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of The 1996 Presidential Campaigns in Taiwan and the United States. (Doctoral Dissertation, Wayne State University, 2000)( ISBN: 0-599-99855-5).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cheng, H. & Schweitzer, J. C. (1996). Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and U.S. Television Commercials. Journal of Advertising Research,36(3), pp. 27-45.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ching, H., & Huarng, K. (1998). Using The Internet as A Catalyst for Asia-Pacific Regional Economic Cooperation: An Example of New Chinese Network. Technology In Society, 20, pp. 131-139.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cronin, M. J. (1995). Doing More Business on the Internet: How The Electronic Highway Is Transforming American Companies (2nd ed.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Esrock, S. L., & Leichty, G. B. (1998). Social Responsibility and Corporate Web Pages: Self-Presentation or Agenda-Setting?. Public Relations Reviews, 24(3), pp. 305-319.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Esrock, S. L., & Leichty, G. B. (2000). Organization of Corporate Web Pages: Publics and Functions. Public Relations Review 26(3), pp. 327-344.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Frith, K. T., & Tsao, J. (1998). Advertising and Cultural China: Challenges and Opportunities in Asia. Asian Journal of Communication, 8(2), pp. 14.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ghose, S. & Dou W. (1998). Interactive Functions and Their Impact on The Appeal of Internet Presence Site. Journal of Advertising Research, 38(2), pp. 29-43.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hoffman, D. L. & Novak, T. P. (1996). Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations. Journal of Marketing, 60(July), pp. 50-68.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s Consequences, International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and Organizations: Software of The Mind. London: McGraw-Hill.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huizingh, E. K.R.E. (2000). The Content and Design of Web Sites: An Empirical Study. Information & Management, 37, pp. 123-134.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, C. A. (2001). Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and American Television Advertising. Journal of Advertising, 30(4), pp. 83-94.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Liu, C. et al. (1997). Web Sites of The Fortune 500 Companies: Facing Customers Through Home Pages. Information & Management, 31.pp335-345zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Martenson, R. (1987). Advertising Strategies and Information Content in American and Swedish Advertising. International Journal of Advertising,6(2).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Massey, B. L. & Levy, M. R. (1999). Interactivity, Online Journalism, and English-Language Web Newspapers in Asia. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 76(Spring), pp. 143zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McBridge, N. (1997). Business Use of The Internet: Strategic Decision or Another Bandwagon. European Management Journal,15(1), pp. 58-67.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McMillan, S.J. (2000). The Microscope and The Moving Target: The Challenge of Applying Content Analysis to The World Wide Web. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(1), pp. 80-98.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mueller, B. (1987). Reflections of Culture: An Analysis of Japanese and American Advertising Appeals. Journal of advertising research,27( June-July), pp. 51-59.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mueller, B. (1992). Standardization vs Specialization: An Examination of Westernization in Japanese Advertising. Journal of advertising research, 32(1), pp. 15-24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Okazaki, S. & Rivas, J. A.(2002). A Content Analysis of Multinationals’ Web Communication Strategies: Cross-cultural Research Framework and pre-testing. Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy,12(Nov 5), pp.380-390.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pollay, R. W. (1983). Measuring the Cultural Values Manifest in Advertising. Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 6, pp. 71-92.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Quelch, J. A., & Klein, L. R. (1996). The Internet and International Marketing. Sloan Management Review, 37(3), pp. 60-75.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reid, L. N., Lane, W. R., Wenthe, L. S. & Smith, O. W. (1985). Creative Strategies in Highly Creative Domestic and International Television Advertising. International Journal of Advertising, 4(1), pp. 11-18.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Resnik, A., & Stern, B.L.(1977). An Analysis of Information Content in Television Advertising. Journal of Marketing,41, pp. 50-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simon, J. L. (1971). The Management of Advertising. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stern, B. L., Krugman, D. M., & Resnik, A. (1981). Magazine Advertising: An Analysis of Its Information Content. Journal of Advertising Research, 21(2), pp. 39-44.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zandpour, F., Chang, C. & Catalano, J. (1992). Stories, Symbols and Straight talk: A Comparative analysis of French, Taiwanese, and US TV Commercials. Journal of Advertising, Jan/Feb, pp. 25-38.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zandpour, F. et al. (1994). Global Reach and Local Touch: Achieving Culture Fitness in TV Advertising. Journal of Advertising Research.(Sept./Oct.).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zhang, Y., & Gelb, B. D. (1996). Matching Advertising Appeals to Culture: The Influence of Products’ Use Conditions. Journal of Advertising, 25, pp. 29–46.zh_TW