集團企業子公司之綜效利益與彈性限制---網絡觀點

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題名	集團企業子公司之綜效利益與彈性限制---網絡觀點
作者	任慶宗 Jen, Ching-Tsung Malany
貢獻者	司徒達賢<br>于卓民 Seetoo, Dah-hsian<br>Yu, Chow-ming Joseph 任慶宗 Jen, Ching-Tsung Malany
關鍵詞	集團企業綜效利益彈性限制網絡核心度
日期	2002
上傳時間	11-Sep-2009 16:40:27 (UTC+8)
摘要	摘要集團企業是典型的網絡組織，綜效利益則是集團形成的策略目標。但是，集團企業究竟是如何形成綜效利益以及集團所屬各子公司所獲致的綜效利益何以有所差異，卻一直是文獻上較少探討的議題。再者，集團企業追求綜效利益的同時，網絡關係是否也會對所屬子公司產生負面的影響結果，亦是理論與實證急待釐清的缺口。本研究運用網絡觀點與分析方式，以集團企業子公司為研究對象，探討集團內部子公司網絡關係所形成的綜效差異與彈性限制，以及綜效利益與彈性限制對子公司經營績效之影響。其次，針對集團企業網絡組織型態，本研究亦推論子公司網絡核心度的形成因素，同時分析集團控制程度對子公司網絡連結關係之影響。根據網絡觀點的分析取向，本研究選擇資產網絡核心度與知識網絡核心度為研究集團企業內部網絡特性之範疇。經文獻回顧與理論推導，合計提出十項二十六個假說驗證本研究所提出之理論架構。透過問卷設計與資料蒐集，合計共寄發47家集團企業之442家子公司，有效之回收樣本為14家集團企業之所屬111家子公司，回收率為25.1%。實證結果顯示，影響集團企業子公司之資產網絡核心度的前置因素包括子公司自擁優勢、自主意願與進入集團時間。影響集團企業子公司之知識網絡核心度的前置因素則包括子公司自擁優勢、自主意願、進入集團時間，以及外部合作經驗與國際化程度。針對網絡核心度對綜效利益與彈性限制之影響，分析結果顯示子公司的網絡核心度愈高，則子公司所獲得的綜效利益亦愈高；其次，網絡核心度與彈性限制的關係則是呈倒U形的結果，亦即核心度愈高或核心度愈低的子公司所受到的彈性限制愈低；反之，居於上述二者之間的子公司所承受之彈性限制最高。最後，針對綜效利益與彈性限制對子公司經營績效之分析，實證結果支持綜效利益對子公司經營績效的正向影響結果。然而，彈性限制的負面影響僅出現在高度綜效利益的子公司群組。針對集團控制程度對子公司網絡核心度之影響，實證結果顯示子公司自擁優勢、自主意願、進入模式與資產網絡核心度的關係會受到集團控制程度之影響。知識網絡核心度與自擁優勢、國際化程度的關係，則會受到集團控制程度的正向調節作用影響。顯示集團控制程度對自擁優勢的子公司有加分效果，因為透過集團的控制程度設計，自擁優勢的子公司將增強網絡核心地位，進而增加其綜效利益，並促進經營績效的提升。綜合上述之實證結果，本研究發現子公司綜效利益的產生乃源於其所處的資產或知識網絡的核心地位，亦即網絡位置愈核心的子公司，愈能享受集團所帶來之綜效利益。另外，網絡地位不高不低的子公司，反而容易保有較多的彈性限制，形成網絡連結關係的犧牲者。其次，集團控制程度會強化子公司的網絡核心度，進而提高子公司的綜效利益，最後增加子公司的經營績效。因此本研究綜合結論建議，集團企業應鼓勵並協助各子公司建立網絡連結關係，以使每一位集團成員能分享綜效利益，同時降低子公司所受到之彈性限制。關鍵詞：集團企業、綜效利益、彈性限制、網絡核心度 Abstract Business Group is typically a network organization. The strategic goal of business group has been the synergetic benefits. However, how business group reaches its synergetic benefits and why different affiliates share various synergetic benefits are topics that have been rarely studied. Meanwhile, the issue that business group, pursuing synergetic benefits, results in negative impact on affiliates has been the question urgent to be answered for practical and academic reason as well. This study, by means of network concept and approach, selects affiliates of business group as the research objects. The purpose of this study is to probe the effects of varied synergetic benefits and flexible constraints among affiliates due to network relationship within a business group. Meanwhile, this study also discusses the influence of synergetic benefit and flexible constrains on affiliate performance. Regarding network organization like business group, this study also infers the variables that lead to the network centrality of the affiliates within a business group and the impact of business control on network relationship of group affiliates. According to the analytic approach of network concept, this study chooses the property centrality and knowledge centrality as the scope of network features of business group. Following literature review and theory inference, 26 hypotheses of 10 main arguments are presented to test the theoretic framework. By survey design and data collection, 422 affiliates questionnaires of 47 business groups were sent. Valid returning mails include 111 affiliates of 14 business groups. The valid returning rate is 25.1%. The analytical results show that the variables, affecting the affiliate centrality of property network within business group, include resource advantage, autonomous intension and entrance timing. The variables, influencing the affiliate centrality of knowledge network within business group, include resource advantage, autonomous intension, entrance timing, external alliance experiences, and internationalization. For the effect of synergetic benefit and flexible constraints on affiliate performance, the analysis result shows that the more central the affiliates within network, the higher the performance. In addition, the relation of flexible constraints and network centrality exhibits inverse U shape. That is, the more and the less central the affiliates within network, the less the flexible constraints. In other words, those affiliates between the more and the less centrality of affiliates receive much more flexible constraints. Finally, in terms of the influence of synergetic benefits and flexible constraints on affiliate performance, result shows the more synergetic benefits an affiliate shares, the better performance it is. Nevertheless, the negative impact of flexible constraints on performance only appears on affiliates with higher synergetic benefits. As to the influence of business control on network relationship, result shows that the relation between property centrality and resource advantage, autonomous intension, and entrance mode are moderated by the extent of business control. Same result is also found between the relation of knowledge centrality and resource advantage and internationalization. It implies that the business control reinforces the relationship between resource advantage and network centrality, by which also increases the synergetic benefits and, moreover, improves affiliate performance. In conclusion, this study finds that the synergetic benefits of affiliates result from the centrality position of the affiliates of property network or knowledge network. In other words, the more central position an affiliate is, the higher synergetic benefits the affiliate shares within the network of business group. On the other hand, network positions between central and phenral locations take much more flexible constraints and become the sacrifices of network embeddedness. Next, the business control reinforces the network centrality, increases synergetic benefits, and, finally improves business performance of the affiliate. Thus, this study comes up with the suggestion that business group should encourage and help affiliates to embed network relationship in order to have each affiliate share synergetic benefit and reduce flexible constraints within the business group network. Keywords: Business group; Synergetic benefits; Flexible constraints; Network centrality
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描述	博士國立政治大學企業管理研究所 A88355501 91
資料來源	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0088355501
資料類型	thesis

dc.contributor.advisor	司徒達賢<br>于卓民	zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor	Seetoo, Dah-hsian<br>Yu, Chow-ming Joseph	en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	任慶宗	zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors)	Jen, Ching-Tsung Malany	en_US
dc.creator (作者)	任慶宗	zh_TW
dc.creator (作者)	Jen, Ching-Tsung Malany	en_US
dc.date (日期)	2002	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	11-Sep-2009 16:40:27 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.available	11-Sep-2009 16:40:27 (UTC+8)	-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間)	11-Sep-2009 16:40:27 (UTC+8)	-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers)	G0088355501	en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI)	https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29818	-
dc.description (描述)	博士	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	國立政治大學	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	企業管理研究所	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	A88355501	zh_TW
dc.description (描述)	91	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	摘要集團企業是典型的網絡組織，綜效利益則是集團形成的策略目標。但是，集團企業究竟是如何形成綜效利益以及集團所屬各子公司所獲致的綜效利益何以有所差異，卻一直是文獻上較少探討的議題。再者，集團企業追求綜效利益的同時，網絡關係是否也會對所屬子公司產生負面的影響結果，亦是理論與實證急待釐清的缺口。本研究運用網絡觀點與分析方式，以集團企業子公司為研究對象，探討集團內部子公司網絡關係所形成的綜效差異與彈性限制，以及綜效利益與彈性限制對子公司經營績效之影響。其次，針對集團企業網絡組織型態，本研究亦推論子公司網絡核心度的形成因素，同時分析集團控制程度對子公司網絡連結關係之影響。根據網絡觀點的分析取向，本研究選擇資產網絡核心度與知識網絡核心度為研究集團企業內部網絡特性之範疇。經文獻回顧與理論推導，合計提出十項二十六個假說驗證本研究所提出之理論架構。透過問卷設計與資料蒐集，合計共寄發47家集團企業之442家子公司，有效之回收樣本為14家集團企業之所屬111家子公司，回收率為25.1%。實證結果顯示，影響集團企業子公司之資產網絡核心度的前置因素包括子公司自擁優勢、自主意願與進入集團時間。影響集團企業子公司之知識網絡核心度的前置因素則包括子公司自擁優勢、自主意願、進入集團時間，以及外部合作經驗與國際化程度。針對網絡核心度對綜效利益與彈性限制之影響，分析結果顯示子公司的網絡核心度愈高，則子公司所獲得的綜效利益亦愈高；其次，網絡核心度與彈性限制的關係則是呈倒U形的結果，亦即核心度愈高或核心度愈低的子公司所受到的彈性限制愈低；反之，居於上述二者之間的子公司所承受之彈性限制最高。最後，針對綜效利益與彈性限制對子公司經營績效之分析，實證結果支持綜效利益對子公司經營績效的正向影響結果。然而，彈性限制的負面影響僅出現在高度綜效利益的子公司群組。針對集團控制程度對子公司網絡核心度之影響，實證結果顯示子公司自擁優勢、自主意願、進入模式與資產網絡核心度的關係會受到集團控制程度之影響。知識網絡核心度與自擁優勢、國際化程度的關係，則會受到集團控制程度的正向調節作用影響。顯示集團控制程度對自擁優勢的子公司有加分效果，因為透過集團的控制程度設計，自擁優勢的子公司將增強網絡核心地位，進而增加其綜效利益，並促進經營績效的提升。綜合上述之實證結果，本研究發現子公司綜效利益的產生乃源於其所處的資產或知識網絡的核心地位，亦即網絡位置愈核心的子公司，愈能享受集團所帶來之綜效利益。另外，網絡地位不高不低的子公司，反而容易保有較多的彈性限制，形成網絡連結關係的犧牲者。其次，集團控制程度會強化子公司的網絡核心度，進而提高子公司的綜效利益，最後增加子公司的經營績效。因此本研究綜合結論建議，集團企業應鼓勵並協助各子公司建立網絡連結關係，以使每一位集團成員能分享綜效利益，同時降低子公司所受到之彈性限制。關鍵詞：集團企業、綜效利益、彈性限制、網絡核心度	zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要)	Abstract Business Group is typically a network organization. The strategic goal of business group has been the synergetic benefits. However, how business group reaches its synergetic benefits and why different affiliates share various synergetic benefits are topics that have been rarely studied. Meanwhile, the issue that business group, pursuing synergetic benefits, results in negative impact on affiliates has been the question urgent to be answered for practical and academic reason as well. This study, by means of network concept and approach, selects affiliates of business group as the research objects. The purpose of this study is to probe the effects of varied synergetic benefits and flexible constraints among affiliates due to network relationship within a business group. Meanwhile, this study also discusses the influence of synergetic benefit and flexible constrains on affiliate performance. Regarding network organization like business group, this study also infers the variables that lead to the network centrality of the affiliates within a business group and the impact of business control on network relationship of group affiliates. According to the analytic approach of network concept, this study chooses the property centrality and knowledge centrality as the scope of network features of business group. Following literature review and theory inference, 26 hypotheses of 10 main arguments are presented to test the theoretic framework. By survey design and data collection, 422 affiliates questionnaires of 47 business groups were sent. Valid returning mails include 111 affiliates of 14 business groups. The valid returning rate is 25.1%. The analytical results show that the variables, affecting the affiliate centrality of property network within business group, include resource advantage, autonomous intension and entrance timing. The variables, influencing the affiliate centrality of knowledge network within business group, include resource advantage, autonomous intension, entrance timing, external alliance experiences, and internationalization. For the effect of synergetic benefit and flexible constraints on affiliate performance, the analysis result shows that the more central the affiliates within network, the higher the performance. In addition, the relation of flexible constraints and network centrality exhibits inverse U shape. That is, the more and the less central the affiliates within network, the less the flexible constraints. In other words, those affiliates between the more and the less centrality of affiliates receive much more flexible constraints. Finally, in terms of the influence of synergetic benefits and flexible constraints on affiliate performance, result shows the more synergetic benefits an affiliate shares, the better performance it is. Nevertheless, the negative impact of flexible constraints on performance only appears on affiliates with higher synergetic benefits. As to the influence of business control on network relationship, result shows that the relation between property centrality and resource advantage, autonomous intension, and entrance mode are moderated by the extent of business control. Same result is also found between the relation of knowledge centrality and resource advantage and internationalization. It implies that the business control reinforces the relationship between resource advantage and network centrality, by which also increases the synergetic benefits and, moreover, improves affiliate performance. In conclusion, this study finds that the synergetic benefits of affiliates result from the centrality position of the affiliates of property network or knowledge network. In other words, the more central position an affiliate is, the higher synergetic benefits the affiliate shares within the network of business group. On the other hand, network positions between central and phenral locations take much more flexible constraints and become the sacrifices of network embeddedness. Next, the business control reinforces the network centrality, increases synergetic benefits, and, finally improves business performance of the affiliate. Thus, this study comes up with the suggestion that business group should encourage and help affiliates to embed network relationship in order to have each affiliate share synergetic benefit and reduce flexible constraints within the business group network. Keywords: Business group; Synergetic benefits; Flexible constraints; Network centrality	en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents	目錄第壹章緒論第一節研究背景與動機…………………………………………1 第二節研究目的與問題…………………………………………6 第三節研究範疇與限制…………………………………………11 第四節研究流程…………………………………………………15 第貳章文獻回顧第一節集團企業的研究趨勢與綜效利益………………………17 第二節網絡理論與組織關係……………………………………27 第三節網絡研究的分析取向……………………………………36 第四節集團企業之網絡觀點……………………………………53 第五節控制程度與網絡特性……………………………………59 第六節網絡核心度的利益、限制與子公司經營績效…………64 第參章理論架構第一節研究取向與假設前提………………………………… 71 第二節子公司網絡核心度之形成因素…………………………74 第三節控制程度與子公司網絡關係……………………………83 第四節綜效利益、彈性限制與經營績效之關係………………87 第五節研究架構…………………………………………………91 第肆章個案分析第一節個案篩選與資料蒐集方式………………………………93 第二節個案介紹…………………………………………………98 第三節個案分析…………………………………………………107 第伍章研究設計第一節研究假說…………………………………………………112 第二節研究變數及問卷設計……………………………………114 第三節研究樣本與資料蒐集……………………………………124 第四節資料分析方法……………………………………………126 第陸章研究結果第一節樣本資料…………………………………………………129 第二節問卷信度與效度…………………………………………135 第三節集團企業子公司網絡核心度之影響因素………………146 第四節集團企業控制程度對子公司網絡核心度之影響………152 第五節子公司綜效利益、彈性限制與績效……………………159 第六節討論………………………………………………………163 第柒章結論與建議第一節研究結論…………………………………………………166 第二節理論貢獻與實務意涵……………………………………174 第三節後續研究建議……………………………… ………… 183 參考文獻…………………………………………………… 187 附錄研究問卷…………………………………………… 209 表目錄表1-1 歷年集團企業營收淨額與GNP比較表…………………… 1 表1-2 歷年集團企業擁有分子企業家數變動表………………… 2 表1-3 中華民國中小企業家數與銷售金額統計資料…………… 3 表2-1 集團企業之研究問題……………………………………… 21 表2-2 網絡理論實證研究彙整表………………………………… 45 表2-3 網絡觀點於研究集團企業之分析層次與範疇…………… 53 表2-4 集團企業網絡分析構面………………………………… 56 表4-1 個案受訪對象簡介………………………………………… 95 表4-2 個案分析語幹內容歸類範例……………………………… 97 表4-3 聯華神通集團經營策略發展歷程表……………………… 106 表5-1 研究假說之各變項名稱與預期影響方向………………… 113 表5-2 自擁優勢衡量題目內容…………………………………… 115 表5-3 自主意願衡量題目內容…………………………………… 116 表5-4 集團控制程度衡量題目內容……………………………… 120 表5-5 彈性限制衡量題目內容…………………………………… 121 表5-6 綜效利益衡量題目內容…………………………………… 123 表6-1-1 問卷發放與樣本回收統計表…………………………… 131 表6-1-2 樣本公司資本額統計表………………………………… 132 表6-1-3 樣本資料公司員工人數統計表………………………… 132 表6-1-4 樣本資料產業分類統計表……………………………… 133 表6-1-5 樣本代表性t檢定分析表…………………………………134 表6-2-1 自擁優勢之KMO與Bartlett檢定…………………………136 表6-2-2 自擁優勢因素分析統計表……………………………… 137 表6-2-3 自主意願之KMO與Bartlett檢定…………………………137 表6-2-4 自主意願因素分析統計表……………………………… 138 表6-2-5 控制程度之KMO與Bartlett檢定…………………………139 表6-2-6 控制程度因素分析統計表……………………………… 139 表6-2-7 彈性限制之KMO與Bartlett檢定…………………………140 表6-2-8 彈性限制因素分析統計表……………………………… 140 表6-2-9 綜效利益之KMO與Bartlett檢定……………………… 141 表6-2-10 綜效利益因素分析統計表………………………………141 表6-2-11 績效之KMO與Bartlett檢定…………………………… 142 表6-2-12 績效之因素分析統計表…………………………………142 表 6-2-13 研究變數信、效度彙整表…………………………… 143 表 6-2-14 研究變數相關係數分析表…………………………… 145 表6-3-1 資產網絡核心度之迴歸分析…………………………… 148 表6-3-2 知識網絡核心度之迴歸分析…………………………… 151 表6-4-1 集團控制程度對子公司屬性與資產網絡核心度之調節作用…………………………………………………………………… 154 表6-4-2 集團控制程度對子公司屬性與知識網絡核心度之調節作用………………………………………………………………………156 表6-4-3 集團控制程度對外部網絡經驗與知識網絡核心度之調節作用…………………………………………………………………… 158 表6-5-1 網絡核心度對綜效利益之迴歸分析…………………… 160 表6-5-2 網絡核心度對彈性限制之迴歸分析…………………… 161 表6-5-3 綜效利益、彈性限制之迴歸分析……………………… 162 表6-6-1 網絡效益對績效之迴歸分析…………………………… 164 表6-6-2 網絡效益對績效之變異數分析與多重比較…………… 165 表7-1-1 研究假說實證結果彙整表……………………………… 169 圖目錄圖1-1 研究流程圖………………………………………………… 16 圖3-1 研究架構圖………………………………………………… 92 圖4-1 聯華神通集團發展歷程示意圖…………………………… 99 圖4-2 聯華神通集團內部組織形貌(1974-1980多角化策略)……100 圖4-3 聯華神通集團內部組織形貌(1981-1985品牌/代工策略) 101 圖4-4 聯華神通集團內部組織形貌(1986-1990國際化策略)……102 圖4-5 聯華神通集團內部組織形貌(1991-1995通路策略)………103 圖4-6 聯華神通集團內部組織形貌(1996-2000 網絡整合策略) 104 圖6-6-1 子公司網絡效益分類型態……………………………… 163	zh_TW
dc.language.iso	en_US	-
dc.source.uri (資料來源)	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0088355501	en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	集團企業	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	綜效利益	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	彈性限制	zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞)	網絡核心度	zh_TW
dc.title (題名)	集團企業子公司之綜效利益與彈性限制---網絡觀點	zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型)	thesis	en
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)	參考文獻	zh_TW
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