1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. Publications
  3. College of Commerce
  4. Theses
  5. Item

Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 策略聯盟所引發組織改變之研究
The study of organizational change impact of strategic alliances
作者 鄭祥麟
Cheng, Hsiang-Lin
貢獻者 司徒達賢<br>于卓民
Seetoo, Dah-Hsian<br>Yu, Chwo-Ming
鄭祥麟
Cheng, Hsiang-Lin
關鍵詞 策略聯盟
組織改變
紮根理論
個案分析
strategic allliance
organizational change
grounded theory
case study
日期 2004
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:54:38 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究探討聯盟對組織在組織改變的影響，並分類為「直接改變」和「間接改變」，前者代表廠商參與策略聯盟，配合契約與任務而產生的改變；後者則是聯盟事件結束後，廠商著眼於內部長期發展所產生的自願改變行為。
     針對這兩個現象分別進行驗證性個案與探索性的紮根分析，共訪問了十二家個案。首先從「資源依賴」與「制度同形」的角度觀察廠商形成聯盟的誘因觀點，發現除了要降低資源交換過程的依賴性及創造聯盟夥伴的互賴關係，組織還需要應付聯盟所帶來的強制和規範同形要求以達成與外部環境的配適。而聯盟事件中，雙方整合的「共同行動」和為延續合作的「關係承諾」，乃是具有依賴與同形特色的行為，因此「共同行動」（細分為契約性共同行動及持續性共同行動）和「關係承諾」（我方關係承諾）是組織產生「直接改變」的主因。
     直接改變的過程與內容是漸進式的小規模調整，也是計畫性的命令式改變，牽涉到的單位與成員較少，是一種鑲嵌於既有營運架構的活動，主要改變項目為與人員和資源配置相關的人事、工作制度與實體流程等外顯構面。
     此外聯盟可能提供了主事者參考的啟示，重新思考組織設計和營運邏輯，在維持直接改變成果（聯盟所帶來的績效水準、學習經驗和內化專屬性投資），透過內部流程的銜接性和業務的相似性，對於既有績效或功能有所缺失的單位進行「間接改變」。而本身具備「潛在轉型需求」、「制度化程度」較低且「決策集權化程度」較高的組織，才較可能透過主事者的推動產生「間接改變」。
     「間接改變」代表組織對既有營運模式的大規模調整與轉型，是一種第二階的大規模改變行動，但實行的過程中，需要不斷的試誤，是一種漸進式的計畫性改變，不過改變的執行仍需取得相關成員的共識。其改變內容牽涉到內隱的「組織設計」、「組織文化」與「策略方向」。而「間接改變」在高階發動後，也需要培養全組織「行動能力」，改變「權力」狀態及「價值承諾」的「醞釀期」。
     最後本研究也比較這兩種改變的型式與成因，並分別從成本和利益觀點來說明研究結果在文獻及實務上的相關回應與建議。
參考文獻 一、中文部分
1. 于卓民與翁煌哲（民92），「從經營模式的設計到向顧客學習：瓏葳公司」摘自千錘百鍊：中小企業成功升級轉型案例，台北市：經濟部中小企業處出版，頁 9-32。
2. 方世杰、鄭仲興（民90），「組織間學習機制與合作研發之組織學習績效的實證研究—組織間互動之觀點」，管理學報，第十八卷第四期，頁503-526。
3. 司徒達賢（民85），「中小企業之策略聯盟」，經濟情勢與評論季刊, 第一卷第三期, 頁1-7。
4. 司徒達賢（民89），「策略管理新論」，台北市：智勝文化出版社。
5. 司徒達賢（民94），「管理學的新世界」，台北市：天下文化出版社。
6. 余日新、梁家隆、陳厚銘（民89）, 「廠商如何經由國外夥伴之技術合作提升企業技術能力-以台灣資訊電子廠商為例」, 管理學報, 第十七卷第二期, 頁297-319。
7. 余坤東（民91），「組織變革動能成因及對變革成效之影響研究」，管理評論，第二十一卷第四期，頁77-100。
8. 余坤東、諸承明(民92)，「組織變革推動者之情境知覺與變革策略之關聯」，臺大管理論叢，第十三卷第二期，頁199-232。
9. 吳秉恩(民82)，「組織行為學」，台北市：華泰書局。
10. 吳清松（民85），「國際企業管理：理論與實務」，台北市：智勝文化出版社。
234. Usher, J. M. and M. G. Evans(1996), “Life and Death Along Gasoline alley: Darwinian and Lamarkian Processes in a Differentiating Population,” Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), pp.1428-1466.
235. Uzzi, B. D. (1996), “The sources and consequences of embeddedness for economic performance of organizations: the network effect,” American Sociological Review, 61(4), pp.674-698.
236. Van de Ven, A. H. and M. S. Poole (1995), “Explaining development and change in organization,” Academy of Management Review, 20(3), pp.510-540.
237. von Hippel, E. (1988), The Sources of Innovation, New York：Oxford University Press,
238. Watzlawick, P., J. H. Weakland and R. Fisch(1974), Change：Principles of Problem：Formation and Problem Resolution, Norton.
5. Anand, B.N. and T. Khanna, (2000), “Do firms learn to create value? The case of the alliances”, Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.295-315.
239. Weick, K. E. (1979), The social psychology of organizing(2nd ed.), Reading, MA：Addison-Wesley.
240. Westphal, J. D., R. Gulati and S. Shortell (1997), “Customization or Conformity? An institutional and network Perspective on the content and Consequence of TQM adoption,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), pp. 366-394.
241. Whyte, W. F. (1955), Street corner Society: The social structure of an Italian slum, Chicago：University of Chicago Press.
87. Gundlach, G.T., Achrol, R.S. and J.T. Mentzer (1995), “The structure of commitment in exchange,” Journal of Marketing, 59（1）, pp.78-92.
160. Moorman, C., G. Zaltman and R. Deshpande (1992), “Relationships between Providers and Users of Market Research: The Dynamics of Trust Within and Between Organizations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 24 (3), pp.314-328.
242. Wilderman, L. (1998), “Alliances and Networks: The next generation,” International Journal of Technology Management, 15(1-2), pp.96-108.
243. Yin, R.K.(1984), Case study research: design and methods, Beverly Hills, C.A.：Sage.
244. Yin, R.K., P. G. Bateman and G. B. Moore(1983), Case Study and Organizational Innovation: Strengthening the connection, Washington D.C.：COSMOS.
245. Yoshino, M., and R. Rangan (1995), “Strategic alliances: An entrepreneurial approach to globalization”. Boston, Massachusetts：Harvard Business School Press.
246. Young, G. J., M. P. Charns and S. M. Shortell (2001), “Top manager and network effects on the adoption of innovative management practices: A study of TQM in a public hospital system,” Strategic Management Journal, 22(10), pp.935-951.
247. Zaheer, A. and N. Venkatraman (1995), “Relational Governance as an Interorganizational Strategy: An Empirical Test of the Role of Trust in Economic Exchange, ” Strategic Management Journal, 16（5）, pp.373-392.
248. Zollo, M., J. J. Reuer and H. Singh (2002), “Interorganizational Routines and Performance in Strategic Alliances,” Organization Science, 13(6), pp.701-713.
6. Anderson, E. and B. Weitz (1989), “Determinants of Continuity in Conventional Industrial Channel Dyads,” Marketing Science, 8(4), pp. 310- 324.
249. Zucker, L.G. (1987), “Institutional theories of organization,” Annual Review of Sociology, 13, pp.443-464.
7. Argryris, C. and D. Schon (1996), Organizational learning II: Theory, Method and Practice reading, MA: Addision-Wesley.
161. Morgan, G. and L. Smircich(1980), “The case for qualitative research,” Academy of Management Review, 5(4), pp.491-500.
88. Hagedoorn, J. (1993), “Understanding the Rationale of Strategic technology partnering: Interorganizational modes of cooperation and sectoral differences,” Strategic Management Journal, 14(5), pp.371-385.
8. Armenakis, A. A. and A. G. Bedeian (1999), “Organizational change:A review of theory and research in the 1990s,” Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.293-315.
9. Armenakis, A. A. and S. G. Harris(2002), “Crafting a change message to create transformational readiness,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(2),pp.169-183.
10. Arnold, A. J. and K. Fristrup(1982), “The theory of evolution by natural selection: A hierarchical expansion,” Palebiology, 8(2), pp.113-129.
11. Ashford, S. J. （1988）, “Individual strategies for coping with stress during organizational transitions,” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 24(1), pp.19-36.
12. Balaji, R. M., R. Koka and J. E. Prescott (1998), “Network in Transition: How Industry Events (Re)shape Interfirm Relationships, ” Strategic Management Journal, 19(5), pp.439-459.
13. Bartlett, C.A. and S. Ghoshal (1989), Managing across borders. M.A, Cambridge: HBS Press.
14. Baum, J. A. C. and H. J. Korn (1996), “Competitive dynamics of inter-firm rivalry,” Academy of Management Journal, 39(2), pp.255-291.
15. Baum, J. A. C., T. Calabrese and B. S. Silverman (2000), “Don`t go it alone: Alliance network Composition and Startups` performance in Canadian Biotechnology,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.267–294.
16. Baum, J.A. and C. Oliver (1991), “Institutional linkages and organizational mortality, ” Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(2), pp.187-218.
162. Morgan, M R. and D. S. Shelby (1994), “The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, 58(3), pp.20-38.
17. Beer, M. and N. Nohria (2000), “Cracking the code of change,” Harvard Business Review, 78(3), pp.133-145.
11. 徐恆功（民89），「策略購併後整合模式之研究－以資訊業為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。
18. Berger, M. (1986), “Studying enrollment decline and other time issues via case study,” Evaluation Studies, 11（8）, pp.720-730.
19. Beugelsdijk, S., A. Slangen and M. van Herpen(2002), “Shapes of organizational change: The case of Heineken Inc., ” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(3), pp. 311-326.
20. Birkinshaw, J., Bresman, H., and L. Hakanson (2000), “Managing the post-acquisition integration process: How the human integration and task integration processes interact to foster value creation,” Journal of Management Studies, 37(3), 395-425.
21. Bower J. L. (2000), “Not all M&As are alike-and that matters”, Harvard Business Review, 78(2), pp. 93-101
22. Bramson, R. N.（2000）, “HR’s role in mergers and acquisitions,” Training and Development, 54(10), pp.59-66.
23. Brown, S. L. and K. M. Eisenhardt (1997), “The art of continuous change: linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), pp.1-34.
24. Browning, D. C., J. M. Beyer and J. C. Shetletr (1995), “Building cooperation in competitive industry: semitech and the semiconductor industry,” Academy of Management Journa, 38(1), pp.131-151.
25. Burns, L. R. and D. R. Wholey (1993), “Adoption and abandonment of matrix management programs: Effects of organizational characteristics and interorganizational networks,” Academy of Management Journal, 36(1), pp.106-138.
163. Morrison, E. W. andF. J. Milliken (2000), “Organizational Silence: A barrier to change and development in a Pluralistic World,” Academy of Management Review, 25(4), pp.706-725.
26. Callan, V. J. (1993), “Individual and organizational strategies for coping with organizational change,” Work and Stress, 7(1), pp.63-75.
27. Campbell, D. (1969), “Variation and selective retention in socio-cultural, ” General System, 16(1), pp.69-85.
89. Hagedoorn, J. and R. Narula (1996), “Choosing organizational modes of strategic technology partnering: International Sectoral differences,” Journal of International Business Studies, 27(2), pp.265-284.
28. Carroll, G. R., and M. T. Hannan (1989), “Density delay in the evolution of organizational population: A model and five empirical tests,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(3), pp.411-430.
29. Carroll, G. R., and M. T. Hannan (1995), Organizations in industry: strategy, structure and selection, NY：Oxford University Press.
30. Chakravarthy B. S. and P. Lorange (1991), Managing the strategy process, Englewood Cliffs, NY：Prentice Hall.
31. Chattopadhyay, P., W. H. Glick and G. P. Huber (2001), “Organizational actions in response to threats and opportunities,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), pp.937-955.
32. Clark, B. R.(1960), The open-door colleges: a case study, New York：McGrew:Hills.
33. Coleman, J. S. (1990), Foundations of Social Theory, Cambridge, MA：Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
34. Conner, K. and C. K. Prahalad (1996), “A resource-based theory of the firm: Knowledge vesus opportunism, ”Organization Science, 7(5), pp.477-501
164. Mowery, D. C., J. E. Oxley and B. S. Silverman (1996), “Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(winter special issue), pp.77-91.
35. Cook, K., S. Shortell, B. Conrad, and M. Morrisey (1983), “A theory of organization response to regulation: The case of hospitals,” Academy of Management Review, 8(2), pp.193-205.
36. Cooper, D. J., B. Hingings, R. Greenwood, and J. L. Brown(1996), “Sedimentation and transformation in organizational change: The case of Canadian Law Firms,” Organization Studies, 17(4), pp.623-647.
37. Cooper, D.R. and C.W. Emory (1998), Business Research Methods, 6th ed, N.Y.：McGraw-Hill.
90. Hambrick, D. C and P. Mason (1984), “Upper echelons: the organization as a reflection of its top managers,” Academy of Management Review, 9(2), pp.193–206.
38. Crossan, M. M. and I. Berdrow(2003), “Organizational Learning and Strategic Renewal, ” Strategic Management Journal, 24(11), pp.1087-1105.
39. Crossan, M. M., H. W. Lane and R. E. White (1999), “An organizational learning framework: From intuition to institution,” Academy of Management Review, 24 (3), pp.522–537.
40. Crucini, C. and M. Kipping (2001), “Management consultancies as global change agents? Evidence from Italy,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 14(6), pp.570-589.
41. Cullen, J. B., Johnson, J. L., and S. Tomoaki (2000), “Success through commitment and trust: The soft side of strategic alliance management,” Journal of World Business, 35(3), pp.223-240.
42. D’Aveni, R. A (1994), Hypercompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering, Free Press.
43. Das, S., P. K. Sen, and S. Sengupta (1998), “Impact of Strategic Alliances on Firm Valuation,” Academy of Management Journal,41（1）, pp.27-41.
165. Nachmia,s D. and G. t. Henry(1980), “The Utilization of Evaluation Research: Problems and Prospects,” in David Nachmias(eds), The Practice of Policy Evaluation, ed. ,New York：St. Martin`s Press, pp.461-476.
44. Das, T.K., and B.S. Teng (1998), “Between Trust and Control: Developing Confidence in Partner Cooperation in Alliances,” Academy of Management Review, 26（3）, pp.491-512.
45. Davis, C. F. and H. R. Greve (1997), “Corporate elite networks and governance changes in the 1980s,” American Journal of Sociology, 103(1), pp.1-37.
46. Davis, G.F., and W. W. Powell (1992), “Organization-environment relations,” In L. M. Hough (Eds.), Hand book of industrial and organizational psychology, pp.315-374. Palo Alto, CA：Consulting Psychologists Press.
47. Delacroix, J. and A. Swaminathan (1991), “Cosmetic, speculative, and adaptive Organizational Change in the wine Industry: A Longitudinal Study,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(4), pp.631-661.
91. Hamel, G. (1991), “Competition for competence and inter-partner learning within international strategic alliance,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(Special issue), pp.83-103.
48. DiMaggio, P. J. and W. W. Powell(1983), “The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields,” American Sociological Review, 48(1), pp.147-160.
49. Dosi, G. (1988), “Source, Procedures, and Microeconomic effects of Innovation,” Journal of Economic Literature, 26 (3), pp.112-117.
50. Doz, Y. and O. Baburoglu (2000), “From competition to collaboration: The emergence and evolution of R&D collaboratives, ” In D. Faulkner and M. de Rond (eds.), Perspectives on Cooperation: Confronting Complexity in Interorganizational Collaborations, London：SHU Press.
51. Doz, Y. L. and C. K. Prahalad (1991), “Managing DMNCs: A search for a new paradigm,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(5), pp.145-164.
52. Dunford, R. (1987), “The suppression of technology as strategy for controlling resource dependency,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(4), pp.512-525.
166. Nadler, D. A. (1981), “Managing Organizational Change: a Integrative Perspective,” Journal of Applied Behavior, 17(2), pp.191-211.
53. Dunphy, D. C. and D. A. Stace(1988), “Transformational and Coercive Strategies for Planned Organizational Change: Beyond the OD Model,” Organization Studies, 9( 3), pp. 317-334.
54. Dutton J. and S. Jackson (1987), “Categorizing strategic issues: Link to organizational actions,” Academy of Management Review, 12(1), pp.76-90.
55. Dutton, J. and R. Duncan (1982), Sense-making and Organizational adaptation, Northwestern University, Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
56. Dwyer, R.F., Schurr, P, H., and S. Oh (1987), “Developing Buyer-Seller Relationships,”Journal of Marketing, 51(1), pp.11-27.
57. Dyer, J. H. and K. Nobeoka (2000), “Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharing network: The Toyota case,” Strategic Management Journal, 21（special issue）, pp. 345–367.
92. Hammer, M. (1990), “Reengineering Work: don`t automate, obliterate,” Harvard Business Review, 68(4), pp.104-112.
58. Dyer, J. H. (1997), “Effective interfirm collaboration: How firms minimize transaction costs and maximize transaction value,” Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), pp.535-556.
59. Eisenhardt, K. (1991), “Better Stories and Better Constructs: The Case for Rigor and Comparative,” Academy of Management Review, 16(3), pp. 620-627.
60. Eisenhardt, K. M.(1989),“Building Theories from Case Study Research,” Academy of Management Review, 14(4), pp.532-550.
61. Elliot, A. J. and P. G. Devine (1994), “On the motivational nature of cognitive dissonance: Dissonance as psychological discomfort,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(3), pp. 382-394.
167. Nadler, D. A. and M. L.Tushman (1990), “Beyond the charismatic leader: leadership and organizational change,” California Management Review, 32(2), pp.77-79.
62. Emerson, R. (1962), “Power-dependence relation,” American Sociological Review, 27（1）, pp.31-41.
63. Fiol, C. M. and M. A. Lyles (1985), “Organizational Learning, ”Academy of Management Review, 10 (4), pp.803-813.
64. Fitzgerald, L. A. and F. M. Van Eijnatten (2002), “Reflections: Chaos in organizational change,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(4), pp.402-411.
65. Fox-Wolfgramm, S. J., B. B. Kimberly and J. G. Hunt (1998), “Organizational adaptation to institutional change: A comparative study of first-order change in Prospector and Defender Banks,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 43(1), pp. 87-126.
66. Frankfort-Nachmias, C. and D. Nachmias (1999), Research methods in the social sciences, 5th ed, N.Y.：Worth Publishers and St. Martin`s Press.
67. Galaskiewicz, J. and S. Wasserman (1989), “Mimetic process within an interorganizational field: An emprical test,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(3), pp.454-479.
93. Hampden-Turner, C. (1990), Charting the Corporate Mind, New York： Macmillian, Free Press.
68. Galosy, J. R.（1990）, “The human factor in mergers and acquisitions,” Training and Development Journal, 44(4), pp.90-95.
69. George, J. M. and G. R. Jones (1995), Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior, MA：Addison-Wesley.
70. Gersick, C. J. G. (1991), “Revolutionary Change Theories: A Multilevel Exploration of the Punctuated Equilibrium Paradigm,” Academy of Management Review, 16(1), pp.10-36.
168. Nadler, D. A., R. B. Shaw and A. E. Walton (1994), Discontinuous Change: Leading organizational Transformation, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.
71. Gersick, C. J. G. (1994), “Pacing strategic change: The case of a new venture,” Academy of Management Journal, 37(1), pp.9-45.
72. Ginsberg, A. (1988), “Measuring and Modeling Changes in Strategy: Theoretical Foundations and Empirical Directions,” Strategic Management Journal, 9(6), pp.559-575.
73. Glaser, B. G. (1978). Theoretical sensitivity. Mill Valley, CA：Sociology Press.
74. Glaser, B. G., and Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research, Chicago：Aldine.
75. Goodstein, J. and W. Boeker (1991), “Turbulence at the top：A new perspective on governance structural changes and strategic change,” Academy of Management Journal, 34(2), pp.306-330.
76. Granovetter, M. S. (1985), “Economic action and social structure: The problem of Embeddedness,” American Journal of Sociology, 91(3), pp.1360-1380.
77. Grant, R. M. (1996), “Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(winter special issue), pp.109-122.
94. Hannan, M. T. and J. H. Freeman (1984), “Structural inertia and organizational change,” American Sociological Review, 49(1), pp.149-164.
78. Greenwood, R. and C. R. Hinings (1993), “Understanding strategic change：The contribution of archetypes,” Academy of Management Journal, 36(5), pp.1052-1081.
95. Hannan, M. T. and J. H. Freeman (1989), Organizational Ecology, Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press.
19. 廖國鋒、范淼、王湧水(民91)，「從個體觀點探討組織成員應組織變革之研究」，管理學報，第十九卷第三期，頁451-474。
96. Haunschild, P. R. (1993), “Inter-organizational imitation: The Impact of interlocks on corporate acquisition activity,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(4), pp.564-592.
97. Haveman, H. A. (1993), “Organizational Size and Change: Diversification in the savings and loan industry after deregulation,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(1), pp.20-50.
98. Heffron, F. A. (1989), Organization Theory and Public Organizations: The Political Connection, Englewood Cliffs, N J：Prence-Hall.
12. 徐聯恩（民85），「企業變革系列研究」，台北市：華泰書局。
99. Heide, J. (1994), “Interorganizational goverance in marketing channels,” Journal of Marketing, 58(1), pp.71-85.
100. Heide, J.B., and G. John (1990), “Alliances in industrial purchasing: The determinants of joint action in buyer-supplier relationships,” Journal of Marketing Research, 27(1), pp.24-36.
101. Heide, J.B., and G. John(1992), “Do norms matter in marketing relationship？” Journal of Marketing, 56(2), pp.32–45.
102. Herriot, R. E. and W. A. Firestone(1983), “Multisite qualitative policy research: Optimizing description and generalizability,” Educational Researcher, 12(1), pp.14-19.
103. Hersen, M., and D. H. Barlow(1976), Single-case experimental designs: Strategies for Studying behavior, N.Y.：Pergamon.
104. Hinings C. R. and R. Greenwood（1988）, The dynamics of strategic change, Oxford：Basil Blackwell.
79. Greenwood, R. and C. R. Hinings (1996), “Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new Institutionalism,” Academy of Management Review, 21(4), pp.1022-1054.
105. Hite, J. M. (1999), Embedded Network Ties of Emerging Entrepreneurial Firms: Patterns, Processes, and Evolutionary Paths, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, The University Of Utah..
106. Hosmer, L. T. (1995), “Trust: The Connecting Link Between Organizational Theory and Philosophical Ethics,”Academy of Management Review, 20(2), pp.379-403.
107. Hui, C. and C. Lee（2000）, “Moderating effects of Organization-Based Self-esteem on organizational uncertainty：Employee Response Relationships,” Journal of Management, 26(2), pp.215-232
108. Huy, Q. N. (2001), “Time, Temporal capability, and planned change,”Academy of Management Review, 26(4), pp.601-623.
13. 張明正、陳怡蓁（民92），「擋不住的趨勢：超國界的管理經驗」，台北市：天下文化出版社。
109. Inkpen, A. C. (1998), “Learning and knowledge acquisition through international strategic alliances,” Academy of Management Executive, 12(4), pp.69- 80.
110. Itami, H. and T. W. Roehl (1987), Mobilizing Invisible Assets, MA：Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
111. James, B. G. (1985), “Alliance: The new strategic focus,” Long Range Planning, 18(3), pp.76-81.
112. Jones, C., W. S. Hersterly and S. Borgatti (1997), “A General theory of network governance: Exchange conditions and social mechanism,” Academy of Management Review, 22(4), pp.991-945.
113. Jorde, T. M. and D. Teece (1989), “Competition and Cooperation：Striking the Right Balance,” California Management Review, 31(3), pp.25-37.
169. Neal, M. A. and G. B. Northcraft (1991), “Behavior negotiation theory: A framework for conceptualizing dyadic bargaining,” Research in Organizational Behavior, 13(1), pp.147-190.
114. Joshi, A. W., and R. L. Stump (1999), “The contingent effect of specific asset investment on joint action in manufacturer-supplier relationships: An empirical test of the moderating role of reciprocal asset investments, uncertainty, and trust,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(3), pp.291-305.
115. Kahn, R. L., D. M. Wolfe, R. P. Quinn, J. D. Snoek and R. A. Rosenthal (1964), Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity, New York：Wiley.
116. Kale, P., H. Singh and H. Perlmutter (2000), “Learning and Protection of Proprietary Assets in Strategic Alliances：Building Relational Capital,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.217-237.
117. Karim, S. and W. Mitchell (2000), “Path-Dependent and Path-Breaking Change: Reconfiguring Business Resource Following Acquisitions in the U.S. Medical Sector, 1978-1995,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), pp.1061-1081.
118. Kauffman, S. A. (1993), The Origins of Order- Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution, N. Y.：Oxford University Press.
14. 張邵勳（民89），「研究方法」，台北市：滄海書局。
119. Kaufman, A., C. H. Wood and G. Theyel (2000), “Collaboration and technology linkages: a strategic supplier typology,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(6), pp.649-663.
120. Kidder, L. and C. M. Judd (1986), Research methods in social relations (5th ed). N. Y.：Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
121. Kim, D. H., (1994), On creating learning organization: Managing organization learning cycles, Cambridge, MA：Pegasus..
122. Kimberly, J. R. and J. B. Quinn (1984), Managing Organizational Transition, Homewood, Illinois：Jessey Base.
170. Newman, K. L. (2000), “Organizational transformation during institutional upheaval,” Academy of Management Review, 25(3), pp.602-619.
123. Kimberly, J. R. and R. Miles (1980), The organizational Life cycle, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.
124. Koka, B. R. and J. E. Prescott (2002), “Strategic alliance as social capital: A Multidimensional view,” Strategic Management Journal, 23(9), pp.795-816.
125. Kostova, T. and K. Roth(2002), “ Adoption of an organizational practices by subsidiaries of Multinational Corporation: Institutional and Relational effects,” Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), pp.215-233.
126. Kotter, J. P. (1995), “Leading Change：Why transformation efforts fail,” Harvard Business Review, April, 73 (2), pp.59-67.
127. Kougt, B. (1988), “Joint Ventures: theoretical and empirical perspectives,” Strategic Management Journal, 9(4), pp.319-332.
128. Kougt, B. and U. Zander (1992), “Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology,” Organization Science, 3(3), pp.383-397.
15. 許士軍(民85)，「管理學」，台北市：東華書局。
129. Kraatz, M. S. (1999), “Learning by association? Interorganizatnal networks and adaptation to environmental change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(6), pp.621-643.
130. Kramer, R. M. (1999), “Trust and distrust in organizations: Emerging perspectives, enduring questions,” Annual Review of Psychology, 50（4）, pp.569-598.
131. Lambe, C. J. and R. E. Spekman (1997), “Alliances, external technology acquisition, and discontinuous technological change,” Journal of Innovation Management, 14(2), pp.102-116.
171. Nisbet, R. A. (1970), “Development: A critical analysis,” in McKinney J. and E. Tiryakin(Eds), Theoretical sociology: Perspectives and developments, pp.167-206. New York：Meredith.
132. Langley, A.（1999）, “Strategies for theorizing from process data,” Academy of Management Review, 24(4), pp.691-710.
133. Lawrence, P.（1989）, “Why Organizations Change？” in Mohrman A. M. Jr. and associates, Large Scale Organizational Change, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.
134. Laumann, E. O., Galaskiewicz, and P. Marsden (1978), “Community structure as interorganizational linkage,” Annual Review of Sociology, 4（3）, pp.455- 484.
135. Leavitt, H. J. (1964), “Applied Organizational Change in Industry：Structural Technical and Human Approaches, ” in Cooper, W. W., Leavitt, H. J. and Shelly M. W. edited, New Perspectives in Organizational Research, New York：Wiley.
136. Levinthal, D. (1994), “Surviving Schumpeterian environments: A evolutionary perspective,” In Baum J. A. C. and J. V. Singh, eds, Evolutionary dynamics of organizations, New York：Oxford University Press, pp.167-178.
137. Levinthal, D. (1997), “Adaptation on rugged landscapes,” Management Science, 43(7), pp.934-950.
138. Levy, A. and U. Merry (1986), Organizational Transformation, New York： Praeger.
16. 彭金隆（民91），「組織網絡連結關係之選擇與改變—以我國保險業與金融機構間關係為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。
139. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science, New York：Harper and Row.
140. Lounsbury, M. (2001), “Institutional sources of practice variation: Staffing college and university recycling programs,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(1), pp.29 -57.
172. Nohria, N. and C. Garcia-Pont (1991), “Global strategic linkages and industry structure,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(summer special issue), pp.105- 124.
141. Madhok, A. (1995), “Opportunism and trust in joint venture relationships: An exploratory study and a model,” Scandinavian Journal of Management, 11(1), pp.57- 74.
142. March, J. G.(1991),“Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning,” Organization Science, 2(1), pp.71-87.
143. March, J. G., and H. A. Simon (1958), Organizations, New York：Willey.
144. March, J. G., and J. P. Olsen (1976), Ambiguity and choice in organizations, Bergen, Norway：Universitetsforlaget.
145. Marks, M. L. and P. H. Mirvis (2001), “Making mergers and acquisitions work: Strategic and psychological preparation,” Academy of Management Executive, 15(2), pp.80-94.
146. Mathieu, J., and D. Zajac (1990), “A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment,” Psychological Bulletin, 180(2), pp.171-194.
147. McKelvey, W. (1997), “Quasi-natural organization science,” Organization Science, 8(4), pp.352-380.
148. Medina-Munoz, D. and J. M. García -Falcon (2000), “Successful relationships between hotels and agent,” Annals of Travel Research, 27(3), pp.737-762.
17. 黃銘章（民91），「影響代工供應商與顧客間夥伴關係因素之研究—以台灣電子資訊產業為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。
149. Meyer, J. and B. Rowan (1977), “Institutionalized organizations: formal structure as myth and ceremony,” American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), pp.340-363.
173. Nohria, N. and R. G. Eccles (1992), Networks and Organizations: Structure, form and action, Boston：Harvard Business School Press.
150. Miles, R. H. (1982), Coffin nails and corporate strategies, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.：Prentice-Hall.
151. Miller, D. (1990), The Icarus Paradox: How Excellent Organizations Can Bring about Their Own Downfall, New York：Harper Business,
152. Miller, D., and P. H. Friesen (1984), “A Longitudinal Study of the Corporate Life Cycle,” Management Science, 30(10), pp.1161-1183.
153. Miner, A. S., P. Bassoff, and C. Moorman（2001）, “Organizational improvisation and Learning：A Field Study,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 46（2）, pp.304-337.
154. Miner, A. S., T. L. Amburgey, and T. M. Stearns (1990), “Interorganizational linkages and population dynamics: buffering and transformational shields,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(4), pp.689-713.
155. Mintzberg, H. and F. Westley (1992), “Cycles of organizational change,” Strategic Management Journal, 13(1), pp.39-59.
156. Mintzberg, H. and J.A. Waters (1982), “Tracking strategy in an entrepreneurial firm,” Academy of Management Journal, 25(3), pp.465-499.
157. Mohr, J., and R. Spekman (1994), “Characteristics of partnership success: Partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict resolution techniques,” Strategic Management Journal, 15(2), 135-152.
158. Molinsky, A. (1999), “Sanding down the edges: Paradoxical Impediments to Organizational Change,” Journal of Applied Behavior Science, 55(1), pp.8-34.
18. 葉匡時、蔡敦浩、周德光（民81年），「策略聯盟的發展策略—交易成本的觀點」，管理評論，第12卷，頁99-117。
174. North, D. C. (1991), “Institutions, ”Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), pp.97-112.
159. Moore, K. R. (1998), “Trust and Relationship Commitment in Logistics Alliances: A Buyer Perspective,” International Journal of Purchasing, 34(1), pp.24-37.
175. Odagiri, H., Y. Nakamura and M. Shibuya (1997), “Research consortia as a vehicle for basic research: The case of a fifth generation computer project in Japan,” Research Policy, 24(2), pp.403-417.
176. Oliver, A. L. (2001), “Strategic alliances and the Learning Life-Cycle of Biotechnology Firms,” Organization Studies, 22(3), pp.467-489.
177. Oliver, C. (1990), “Determinants of inter-organizational relationships: Integration and future directions,” Academy of Management Review, 15(2), pp.241-265.
178. Parkhe, A. (1993), “Strategic alliance structuring: A game theoretic and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation,” Academy of Management Journal, 36 (4), 794-829.
80. Greve, H. R. (1995). “Jumping ship: the diffusion of strategy abandonment,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(3), pp.444-473.
20. 熊欣華（民90），「組織間合作的信心管理」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。
179. Patton, M. Q. (1980), Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Newbury Park：Sage.
180. Peterson, K. A. and L. Bickman(1992), “Using program theory in quality assessments of children`s mental health services,” in H. T. Chen and P. Rossi (Eds), Using theory to improve program and policy evaluations, Westport, CT, Greenwood, pp.165-176.
181. Pettigrew, A. M.(1987), “Context and action in the transformation of the firm,” Journal of Management Studies, 24(6), pp.649-670.
182. Pettigrew, A. M. (1990), “Longitudinal field research on change: Theory and practice,” Organization Science, 1(3), pp.267-291.
183. Pettigrew, A. M. and R. Whipp(1991), Managing change for competitive success, Oxford, England：Basil Blackwell.
184. Pettigrew, A. M., R. W. Woodman and K. S. Cameron (2001), “Studying Organizational change and development: Challenges for future research,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.697-713.
185. Pettigrew, A. M.(1985), The Awakening Giant, Oxford：Blackwell.
186. Pfeffer, J. (1981), Power in organization. Marshfield, MA：Pitman.
187. Pfeffer, J. and G. Salancik (1978), The External Control of Organization: A Resource Dependence Perspective. NY：Harper and Row.
81. Greve, H. R. (1998), “Performance, aspirations, and risky organizational change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 43(1), pp. 58-86.
188. Pfeffer, J.and P. Nowak (1976), “Joint venture and interorganizational interdependence,” Administrative Science Quarterly,21（3）, pp.398-418.
二、英文部分
189. Platt. J. (1992), “Case study in American methodological thoughts,” Current Sociology, 40(1), pp.17-48.
190. Porter, M. and J. Rivkin (1998), Activity systems as barriers to imitation, Working Paper no.98-066, Boston：Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration.
191. Powell, W. W., K. W. Koput and L. Smith-Doerr (1996), “Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: networks of learning in Biotechnology,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(1), pp.116-145.
192. Quinn, J. B. (1980), “Managing strategic change,” Sloan Management Review, 21(4), pp.3-20.
193. Quinn, R. E. and K. S. Cameron (1988), Paradox and Transformation, Ballinger, New York：Harper and Rowe.
194. Rajagopalan, N. and G. M. Spreitzer (1997), “Toward a theory of strategic change: A Multi-lens perspective and integrative framework,” Academy of Management Review, 22(1), pp. 48-79.
195. Ranson, S., C. R. Hinings, and R. Greewood（1980）, “The structuring of organization structures,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 25(1), pp.1-17.
196. Richardson, G. B. (1972), “The organization of industry,” Economic Journal, 82(8), pp.883-896.
82. Gulati R (1998), “Alliance and Network,” Strategic Management Journal, 19(4), pp.293-317.
197. Rigby, D. K. and W. T. Buchanan (1994), “Putting More Strategy into Strategic Alliances,” Directors and Boards, 18(2), pp.14-19.
198. Rivkin, J. (2000), “Imitation of complex strategies,” Management Science, 46(6), pp.824-844.
1. Ahuja, G. (2000), “The duality of collaborations: inducements and opportunities in the formation of Inter-firm Linkages,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.317–343.
199. Robbins, S. P. (2001), Organization Behavior (9th ed), N. J.：Prentice Hall.
200. Robertson, P. J. (1994), “The Relationship between Work Setting and Employee Behavior: A study of a critical linkage in the Organizational Change Process,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 7(3), pp.22-43.
201. Robertson, P.J., D. R. Roberts and J.J. Porras(1993), “Dynamic of Planned Organizational Change: Assessing empirical support for a Theoretical Model,” Academy of Management Journal,36(3), pp.619-634.
202. Rogers E. (1983), Diffusion of innovations (3rd ed.), New York：Free Press.
203. Rogers, E. M., E. G. Carayannis, K. Kurihara and M. M. Allbritton (1998), “Cooperative research and development agreements as technology transfer mechanisms,” R&D Management, 28(2), pp.79-88.
204. Rokkan, A. I., and S.A. Haugland (2002), “Developing relational exchange effectiveness and power,” European Journal of Marketing, 36（2）, pp.211–230.
205. Romanelli, E. and M. L. Tushman (1994), “Organization Transformation as Punctuated Equilibrium,” Academy of Management Journal, 37(5), pp.1141-1166.
83. Gulati, R. (1995a), “Social structure and alliance formation patterns: A longitudinal analysis,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(4), pp. 619-652.
206. Rousseau, D.M., S. B. Sitkin., R. S. Burt and C. Camerer (1998), “Not so different after all：A cross-discipline view of trust,” Academy of Management Review, 23(3), pp.393-404.
207. Sakakibara, M. (1997), “Heterogeneity of firm Capabilities and Cooperative research and development: An empirical examination of motives,” Strategic Management Journal, 18(S1), pp.143-164.
208. Sarkar, M. B., Echambadi, R., Cavusgil, S. T., and P. S. Aulakh (2001), “The influence of complementarity, compatibility, and relationship capital on alliance performance,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 29(4), pp.358-373.
2. Alchian, A. and H. Demsetz (1972), “Production, information costs, and econmic organization,” American Economic Review, 62（7）, pp. 777-795.
209. Sastry A. (1997), “Problems and Paradoxes in a model of Punctuated organizational change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), pp.237–276.
210. Schulz, M. (2001), “The Uncertain relevance of Newness, Organizational Learning and Knowledge flows,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.661-681.
211. Selznick P. (1957), Leadership in administration, Evanston: I.L.： Bow, Peterson.
212. Sherer, P. D. and K. Lee (2002), “Institutional change in large law firms: A Resource dependency and institutional perspective,” Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), pp.102-126.
213. Siggelkow, N. (2001), “Change in the presence of fit: The rise,the fall, and the renaissance of Liz claiborne,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.838-857.
214. Simonin, B. L. (1999), “Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances,” Strategic Management Journal, 20(7), pp.595-623.
84. Gulati, R. (1995b), “Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choices in alliances, ”Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), pp. 85-112.
215. Singh, K. and W. Mitchell (1996), “Precarious Collaboration: business survival after Partners shut down or form new partnerships,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), pp.99-115.
216. Stabell, C. B. and O. D. Fjeldstad(1998), “Configuring Value for Competitive Advantage:on Chains，Shops and Networks”, Strategic Management Journal, 19(5), pp.413-437.
217. Staudenmayer, N., M. Tyre and L. Perlow(2002), “Time to change: Temporal shifts as enablers of organizational change,” Organization Science, 13(5), pp.583-597.
218. Strauss, A.L.(1987), Qualitative analysis for social scientists, New York：Cambridge University Press.
3. Aldrich, H. (1979), Organizations and environments, Englewood, N.J.：Prentice Hall.
219. Strauss, A.L., and J. Corbin(1990), Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, C. A.：Sage.
220. Sturat, T. E. (2000), “Interorganizational alliances and the performance of firms: A study of growth and innovation rates in a high-technology industry,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(8), pp.791-811.
221. Subramani, M. R. and N. Venkatraman(2003),“Safeguarding Investments in Asymmetric Interorganizational Relationships: Theory and Evidence,” Academy of Management Journal, 46(1), pp.46-62.
222. Szulanski, G. (1996), “Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of the best practice within the firm,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), pp.27–43.
223. Teece, D. J. (1992), “Competition, cooperation, and innovation organizational arrangements for regimes of rapid technological progress,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 18(1), pp.1-25.
85. Gulati, R. (1999), “Network location and learning: The influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation,” Strategic Management Journal, 20(5), pp.397-420.
224. Tichy , N. M. and S. Sherman（1993）, Control your Denisty or Someone will. Doubleday.
225. Tichy, N. M. and D. O. Ulrich (1984), “The Leadership Challenge: A Call for The Transformation Leader,” in Hampton, Summer and Webber, Organizational Behavior and the Practical of Management (5th Ed.), Glenview, Illinois：Scott Foresman.
226. Tidd, J. and M. J. Trewhella (1997), “Organizational and technological antecedents of knowledge acquisition and learning,” R&D Management, 27(4), pp.359-375.
227. Tripsas, M., S. Schrader and M. Sobrero (1995), “Discouraging opportunistic behavior in collaborative R&D: A new role for government,” Research Policy, 24(3), pp.367-389.
228. Tripsas, R. and G. Gavetti(2000), “Capability, Cognition and Inertia: Evidence From Digital Imaging,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), pp.1147-1161.
4. Allison, G. (1971), Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban missile crisis, Boston, MA：Little Brown.
229. Tsoukas, H. and R. Chia (2002), “On organizational becoming: Rethinking organizational change,” Organization Science, 13(5), pp.567-584.
230. Turner, B. A. (1981), “Some practical aspects of Qualitative data analysis: one way of Organizing the Cognitive Processes associated with the Generation of grounded theory,”" Quality and Quantity, 15（2）, pp.225-247.
231. Tushman, M. L. and C. A. O’Reilly (1996), “Ambidextrous organizations: managing evolutionary and revolutionary change,” California Management Review, 38(1), pp.8–30.
232. Tushman, M. L., and E. Romanelli (1985), “Organizational Evolution: A metamorphosis model of convergence and reorientation,” Research in Organizational Behavior, 7（1）, pp.171-222.
86. Gummesson, E. (1991), Qualitative Methods in Management research: Case Study Research, ed, Newbury Park, California：Sage.
233. Ulrich, D. and J. B. Barney (1986), “Perspectives in Organizations: Resource Dependence, Efficiency and Population”, Academy of Management Review, 9(3), pp.471–481.
描述 博士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
89355506
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0893555061
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 司徒達賢<br>于卓民zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Seetoo, Dah-Hsian<br>Yu, Chwo-Mingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄭祥麟zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Cheng, Hsiang-Linen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄭祥麟zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Hsiang-Linen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:54:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:54:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:54:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0893555061en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29941-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 89355506zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究探討聯盟對組織在組織改變的影響，並分類為「直接改變」和「間接改變」，前者代表廠商參與策略聯盟，配合契約與任務而產生的改變；後者則是聯盟事件結束後，廠商著眼於內部長期發展所產生的自願改變行為。
     針對這兩個現象分別進行驗證性個案與探索性的紮根分析，共訪問了十二家個案。首先從「資源依賴」與「制度同形」的角度觀察廠商形成聯盟的誘因觀點，發現除了要降低資源交換過程的依賴性及創造聯盟夥伴的互賴關係，組織還需要應付聯盟所帶來的強制和規範同形要求以達成與外部環境的配適。而聯盟事件中，雙方整合的「共同行動」和為延續合作的「關係承諾」，乃是具有依賴與同形特色的行為，因此「共同行動」（細分為契約性共同行動及持續性共同行動）和「關係承諾」（我方關係承諾）是組織產生「直接改變」的主因。
     直接改變的過程與內容是漸進式的小規模調整，也是計畫性的命令式改變，牽涉到的單位與成員較少，是一種鑲嵌於既有營運架構的活動，主要改變項目為與人員和資源配置相關的人事、工作制度與實體流程等外顯構面。
     此外聯盟可能提供了主事者參考的啟示，重新思考組織設計和營運邏輯，在維持直接改變成果（聯盟所帶來的績效水準、學習經驗和內化專屬性投資），透過內部流程的銜接性和業務的相似性，對於既有績效或功能有所缺失的單位進行「間接改變」。而本身具備「潛在轉型需求」、「制度化程度」較低且「決策集權化程度」較高的組織，才較可能透過主事者的推動產生「間接改變」。
     「間接改變」代表組織對既有營運模式的大規模調整與轉型，是一種第二階的大規模改變行動，但實行的過程中，需要不斷的試誤，是一種漸進式的計畫性改變，不過改變的執行仍需取得相關成員的共識。其改變內容牽涉到內隱的「組織設計」、「組織文化」與「策略方向」。而「間接改變」在高階發動後，也需要培養全組織「行動能力」，改變「權力」狀態及「價值承諾」的「醞釀期」。
     最後本研究也比較這兩種改變的型式與成因，並分別從成本和利益觀點來說明研究結果在文獻及實務上的相關回應與建議。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1
     第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………1
     第二節 研究問題與目的…………………………………………7
     第三節 研究範圍與限制…………………………………………9
     第四節 研究流程………………………………………………..12
     第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………15
     第一節 組織改變相關文獻回顧………………………………..15
     第二節 策略聯盟相關文獻回顧………………………………..35
     第三節 文獻連結與推理導出…………………………………..43
     第四節 構念定義、初步命題與研究架構………………………53
     第三章 研究設計………………………………..……………………66
     第一節 研究方法…………………………..……………………66
     第二節 資料收集方法………………………..…………………71
     第三節 資料分析方法……………………………………………78
     第四章 直接改變的驗證性個案分析………….....………………….81
     第一節 直接改變的結構性模式………….....………………81
     第二節 直接改變的過程性模式………….....………………126
     第五章 間接改變的探索性個案分析………….....………………...145
     第一節 譯碼過程………….....……………………………146
     第二節 間接改變的結構性模式………………………………169
     第三節 間接改變的過程性模式………………………………180
     第六章 結論與建議…………………………………………………199
     第一節 研究結論………………………………………………199
     第二節 對文獻的回應…………………………………………204
     第三節 對實務的建議…………………………………………213
     第四節 兩種改變的分析—六大管理要素的應用……………218
     第五節 後續研究建議…………………………………………225
     參考文獻………………………………………………………………229
     附錄……………………………………………………………………259
     附錄一：A-A-2之訪問逐字稿開放性譯碼表…………………...259
     附錄二：A-B-1之訪問逐字稿開放性譯碼表…………………...269
     附錄三：A-C-1之訪問逐字稿開放性譯碼表…………………...281
     附錄四：A-A-3之訪問逐字稿開放性譯碼表…………………...287		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0893555061en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 策略聯盟zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 組織改變zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 紮根理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 個案分析zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) strategic alllianceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) organizational changeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) grounded theoryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) case studyen_US
dc.title (題名) 策略聯盟所引發組織改變之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The study of organizational change impact of strategic alliancesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 于卓民與翁煌哲（民92），「從經營模式的設計到向顧客學習：瓏葳公司」摘自千錘百鍊：中小企業成功升級轉型案例，台北市：經濟部中小企業處出版，頁 9-32。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 方世杰、鄭仲興（民90），「組織間學習機制與合作研發之組織學習績效的實證研究—組織間互動之觀點」，管理學報，第十八卷第四期，頁503-526。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. 司徒達賢（民85），「中小企業之策略聯盟」，經濟情勢與評論季刊, 第一卷第三期, 頁1-7。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. 司徒達賢（民89），「策略管理新論」，台北市：智勝文化出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. 司徒達賢（民94），「管理學的新世界」，台北市：天下文化出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. 余日新、梁家隆、陳厚銘（民89）, 「廠商如何經由國外夥伴之技術合作提升企業技術能力-以台灣資訊電子廠商為例」, 管理學報, 第十七卷第二期, 頁297-319。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. 余坤東（民91），「組織變革動能成因及對變革成效之影響研究」，管理評論，第二十一卷第四期，頁77-100。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. 余坤東、諸承明(民92)，「組織變革推動者之情境知覺與變革策略之關聯」，臺大管理論叢，第十三卷第二期，頁199-232。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. 吳秉恩(民82)，「組織行為學」，台北市：華泰書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. 吳清松（民85），「國際企業管理：理論與實務」，台北市：智勝文化出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 234. Usher, J. M. and M. G. Evans(1996), “Life and Death Along Gasoline alley: Darwinian and Lamarkian Processes in a Differentiating Population,” Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), pp.1428-1466.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 235. Uzzi, B. D. (1996), “The sources and consequences of embeddedness for economic performance of organizations: the network effect,” American Sociological Review, 61(4), pp.674-698.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 236. Van de Ven, A. H. and M. S. Poole (1995), “Explaining development and change in organization,” Academy of Management Review, 20(3), pp.510-540.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 237. von Hippel, E. (1988), The Sources of Innovation, New York：Oxford University Press,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 238. Watzlawick, P., J. H. Weakland and R. Fisch(1974), Change：Principles of Problem：Formation and Problem Resolution, Norton.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5. Anand, B.N. and T. Khanna, (2000), “Do firms learn to create value? The case of the alliances”, Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.295-315.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 239. Weick, K. E. (1979), The social psychology of organizing(2nd ed.), Reading, MA：Addison-Wesley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 240. Westphal, J. D., R. Gulati and S. Shortell (1997), “Customization or Conformity? An institutional and network Perspective on the content and Consequence of TQM adoption,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), pp. 366-394.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 241. Whyte, W. F. (1955), Street corner Society: The social structure of an Italian slum, Chicago：University of Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 87. Gundlach, G.T., Achrol, R.S. and J.T. Mentzer (1995), “The structure of commitment in exchange,” Journal of Marketing, 59（1）, pp.78-92.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 160. Moorman, C., G. Zaltman and R. Deshpande (1992), “Relationships between Providers and Users of Market Research: The Dynamics of Trust Within and Between Organizations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 24 (3), pp.314-328.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 242. Wilderman, L. (1998), “Alliances and Networks: The next generation,” International Journal of Technology Management, 15(1-2), pp.96-108.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 243. Yin, R.K.(1984), Case study research: design and methods, Beverly Hills, C.A.：Sage.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 244. Yin, R.K., P. G. Bateman and G. B. Moore(1983), Case Study and Organizational Innovation: Strengthening the connection, Washington D.C.：COSMOS.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 245. Yoshino, M., and R. Rangan (1995), “Strategic alliances: An entrepreneurial approach to globalization”. Boston, Massachusetts：Harvard Business School Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 246. Young, G. J., M. P. Charns and S. M. Shortell (2001), “Top manager and network effects on the adoption of innovative management practices: A study of TQM in a public hospital system,” Strategic Management Journal, 22(10), pp.935-951.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 247. Zaheer, A. and N. Venkatraman (1995), “Relational Governance as an Interorganizational Strategy: An Empirical Test of the Role of Trust in Economic Exchange, ” Strategic Management Journal, 16（5）, pp.373-392.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 248. Zollo, M., J. J. Reuer and H. Singh (2002), “Interorganizational Routines and Performance in Strategic Alliances,” Organization Science, 13(6), pp.701-713.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6. Anderson, E. and B. Weitz (1989), “Determinants of Continuity in Conventional Industrial Channel Dyads,” Marketing Science, 8(4), pp. 310- 324.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 249. Zucker, L.G. (1987), “Institutional theories of organization,” Annual Review of Sociology, 13, pp.443-464.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7. Argryris, C. and D. Schon (1996), Organizational learning II: Theory, Method and Practice reading, MA: Addision-Wesley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 161. Morgan, G. and L. Smircich(1980), “The case for qualitative research,” Academy of Management Review, 5(4), pp.491-500.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 88. Hagedoorn, J. (1993), “Understanding the Rationale of Strategic technology partnering: Interorganizational modes of cooperation and sectoral differences,” Strategic Management Journal, 14(5), pp.371-385.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8. Armenakis, A. A. and A. G. Bedeian (1999), “Organizational change:A review of theory and research in the 1990s,” Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.293-315.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9. Armenakis, A. A. and S. G. Harris(2002), “Crafting a change message to create transformational readiness,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(2),pp.169-183.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10. Arnold, A. J. and K. Fristrup(1982), “The theory of evolution by natural selection: A hierarchical expansion,” Palebiology, 8(2), pp.113-129.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. Ashford, S. J. （1988）, “Individual strategies for coping with stress during organizational transitions,” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 24(1), pp.19-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. Balaji, R. M., R. Koka and J. E. Prescott (1998), “Network in Transition: How Industry Events (Re)shape Interfirm Relationships, ” Strategic Management Journal, 19(5), pp.439-459.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. Bartlett, C.A. and S. Ghoshal (1989), Managing across borders. M.A, Cambridge: HBS Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. Baum, J. A. C. and H. J. Korn (1996), “Competitive dynamics of inter-firm rivalry,” Academy of Management Journal, 39(2), pp.255-291.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15. Baum, J. A. C., T. Calabrese and B. S. Silverman (2000), “Don`t go it alone: Alliance network Composition and Startups` performance in Canadian Biotechnology,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.267–294.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16. Baum, J.A. and C. Oliver (1991), “Institutional linkages and organizational mortality, ” Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(2), pp.187-218.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 162. Morgan, M R. and D. S. Shelby (1994), “The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, 58(3), pp.20-38.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17. Beer, M. and N. Nohria (2000), “Cracking the code of change,” Harvard Business Review, 78(3), pp.133-145.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11. 徐恆功（民89），「策略購併後整合模式之研究－以資訊業為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18. Berger, M. (1986), “Studying enrollment decline and other time issues via case study,” Evaluation Studies, 11（8）, pp.720-730.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19. Beugelsdijk, S., A. Slangen and M. van Herpen(2002), “Shapes of organizational change: The case of Heineken Inc., ” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(3), pp. 311-326.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 20. Birkinshaw, J., Bresman, H., and L. Hakanson (2000), “Managing the post-acquisition integration process: How the human integration and task integration processes interact to foster value creation,” Journal of Management Studies, 37(3), 395-425.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 21. Bower J. L. (2000), “Not all M&As are alike-and that matters”, Harvard Business Review, 78(2), pp. 93-101zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 22. Bramson, R. N.（2000）, “HR’s role in mergers and acquisitions,” Training and Development, 54(10), pp.59-66.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23. Brown, S. L. and K. M. Eisenhardt (1997), “The art of continuous change: linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), pp.1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 24. Browning, D. C., J. M. Beyer and J. C. Shetletr (1995), “Building cooperation in competitive industry: semitech and the semiconductor industry,” Academy of Management Journa, 38(1), pp.131-151.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 25. Burns, L. R. and D. R. Wholey (1993), “Adoption and abandonment of matrix management programs: Effects of organizational characteristics and interorganizational networks,” Academy of Management Journal, 36(1), pp.106-138.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 163. Morrison, E. W. andF. J. Milliken (2000), “Organizational Silence: A barrier to change and development in a Pluralistic World,” Academy of Management Review, 25(4), pp.706-725.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 26. Callan, V. J. (1993), “Individual and organizational strategies for coping with organizational change,” Work and Stress, 7(1), pp.63-75.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 27. Campbell, D. (1969), “Variation and selective retention in socio-cultural, ” General System, 16(1), pp.69-85.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 89. Hagedoorn, J. and R. Narula (1996), “Choosing organizational modes of strategic technology partnering: International Sectoral differences,” Journal of International Business Studies, 27(2), pp.265-284.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 28. Carroll, G. R., and M. T. Hannan (1989), “Density delay in the evolution of organizational population: A model and five empirical tests,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(3), pp.411-430.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 29. Carroll, G. R., and M. T. Hannan (1995), Organizations in industry: strategy, structure and selection, NY：Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 30. Chakravarthy B. S. and P. Lorange (1991), Managing the strategy process, Englewood Cliffs, NY：Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 31. Chattopadhyay, P., W. H. Glick and G. P. Huber (2001), “Organizational actions in response to threats and opportunities,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), pp.937-955.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 32. Clark, B. R.(1960), The open-door colleges: a case study, New York：McGrew:Hills.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 33. Coleman, J. S. (1990), Foundations of Social Theory, Cambridge, MA：Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 34. Conner, K. and C. K. Prahalad (1996), “A resource-based theory of the firm: Knowledge vesus opportunism, ”Organization Science, 7(5), pp.477-501zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 164. Mowery, D. C., J. E. Oxley and B. S. Silverman (1996), “Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(winter special issue), pp.77-91.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 35. Cook, K., S. Shortell, B. Conrad, and M. Morrisey (1983), “A theory of organization response to regulation: The case of hospitals,” Academy of Management Review, 8(2), pp.193-205.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 36. Cooper, D. J., B. Hingings, R. Greenwood, and J. L. Brown(1996), “Sedimentation and transformation in organizational change: The case of Canadian Law Firms,” Organization Studies, 17(4), pp.623-647.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 37. Cooper, D.R. and C.W. Emory (1998), Business Research Methods, 6th ed, N.Y.：McGraw-Hill.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 90. Hambrick, D. C and P. Mason (1984), “Upper echelons: the organization as a reflection of its top managers,” Academy of Management Review, 9(2), pp.193–206.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 38. Crossan, M. M. and I. Berdrow(2003), “Organizational Learning and Strategic Renewal, ” Strategic Management Journal, 24(11), pp.1087-1105.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 39. Crossan, M. M., H. W. Lane and R. E. White (1999), “An organizational learning framework: From intuition to institution,” Academy of Management Review, 24 (3), pp.522–537.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 40. Crucini, C. and M. Kipping (2001), “Management consultancies as global change agents? Evidence from Italy,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 14(6), pp.570-589.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 41. Cullen, J. B., Johnson, J. L., and S. Tomoaki (2000), “Success through commitment and trust: The soft side of strategic alliance management,” Journal of World Business, 35(3), pp.223-240.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 42. D’Aveni, R. A (1994), Hypercompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering, Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 43. Das, S., P. K. Sen, and S. Sengupta (1998), “Impact of Strategic Alliances on Firm Valuation,” Academy of Management Journal,41（1）, pp.27-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 165. Nachmia,s D. and G. t. Henry(1980), “The Utilization of Evaluation Research: Problems and Prospects,” in David Nachmias(eds), The Practice of Policy Evaluation, ed. ,New York：St. Martin`s Press, pp.461-476.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 44. Das, T.K., and B.S. Teng (1998), “Between Trust and Control: Developing Confidence in Partner Cooperation in Alliances,” Academy of Management Review, 26（3）, pp.491-512.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 45. Davis, C. F. and H. R. Greve (1997), “Corporate elite networks and governance changes in the 1980s,” American Journal of Sociology, 103(1), pp.1-37.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 46. Davis, G.F., and W. W. Powell (1992), “Organization-environment relations,” In L. M. Hough (Eds.), Hand book of industrial and organizational psychology, pp.315-374. Palo Alto, CA：Consulting Psychologists Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 47. Delacroix, J. and A. Swaminathan (1991), “Cosmetic, speculative, and adaptive Organizational Change in the wine Industry: A Longitudinal Study,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(4), pp.631-661.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 91. Hamel, G. (1991), “Competition for competence and inter-partner learning within international strategic alliance,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(Special issue), pp.83-103.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 48. DiMaggio, P. J. and W. W. Powell(1983), “The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields,” American Sociological Review, 48(1), pp.147-160.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 49. Dosi, G. (1988), “Source, Procedures, and Microeconomic effects of Innovation,” Journal of Economic Literature, 26 (3), pp.112-117.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 50. Doz, Y. and O. Baburoglu (2000), “From competition to collaboration: The emergence and evolution of R&D collaboratives, ” In D. Faulkner and M. de Rond (eds.), Perspectives on Cooperation: Confronting Complexity in Interorganizational Collaborations, London：SHU Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 51. Doz, Y. L. and C. K. Prahalad (1991), “Managing DMNCs: A search for a new paradigm,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(5), pp.145-164.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 52. Dunford, R. (1987), “The suppression of technology as strategy for controlling resource dependency,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(4), pp.512-525.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 166. Nadler, D. A. (1981), “Managing Organizational Change: a Integrative Perspective,” Journal of Applied Behavior, 17(2), pp.191-211.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 53. Dunphy, D. C. and D. A. Stace(1988), “Transformational and Coercive Strategies for Planned Organizational Change: Beyond the OD Model,” Organization Studies, 9( 3), pp. 317-334.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 54. Dutton J. and S. Jackson (1987), “Categorizing strategic issues: Link to organizational actions,” Academy of Management Review, 12(1), pp.76-90.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 55. Dutton, J. and R. Duncan (1982), Sense-making and Organizational adaptation, Northwestern University, Kellogg Graduate School of Management.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 56. Dwyer, R.F., Schurr, P, H., and S. Oh (1987), “Developing Buyer-Seller Relationships,”Journal of Marketing, 51(1), pp.11-27.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 57. Dyer, J. H. and K. Nobeoka (2000), “Creating and managing a high-performance knowledge-sharing network: The Toyota case,” Strategic Management Journal, 21（special issue）, pp. 345–367.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 92. Hammer, M. (1990), “Reengineering Work: don`t automate, obliterate,” Harvard Business Review, 68(4), pp.104-112.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 58. Dyer, J. H. (1997), “Effective interfirm collaboration: How firms minimize transaction costs and maximize transaction value,” Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), pp.535-556.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 59. Eisenhardt, K. (1991), “Better Stories and Better Constructs: The Case for Rigor and Comparative,” Academy of Management Review, 16(3), pp. 620-627.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 60. Eisenhardt, K. M.(1989),“Building Theories from Case Study Research,” Academy of Management Review, 14(4), pp.532-550.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 61. Elliot, A. J. and P. G. Devine (1994), “On the motivational nature of cognitive dissonance: Dissonance as psychological discomfort,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(3), pp. 382-394.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 167. Nadler, D. A. and M. L.Tushman (1990), “Beyond the charismatic leader: leadership and organizational change,” California Management Review, 32(2), pp.77-79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 62. Emerson, R. (1962), “Power-dependence relation,” American Sociological Review, 27（1）, pp.31-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 63. Fiol, C. M. and M. A. Lyles (1985), “Organizational Learning, ”Academy of Management Review, 10 (4), pp.803-813.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 64. Fitzgerald, L. A. and F. M. Van Eijnatten (2002), “Reflections: Chaos in organizational change,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15(4), pp.402-411.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 65. Fox-Wolfgramm, S. J., B. B. Kimberly and J. G. Hunt (1998), “Organizational adaptation to institutional change: A comparative study of first-order change in Prospector and Defender Banks,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 43(1), pp. 87-126.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 66. Frankfort-Nachmias, C. and D. Nachmias (1999), Research methods in the social sciences, 5th ed, N.Y.：Worth Publishers and St. Martin`s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 67. Galaskiewicz, J. and S. Wasserman (1989), “Mimetic process within an interorganizational field: An emprical test,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(3), pp.454-479.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 93. Hampden-Turner, C. (1990), Charting the Corporate Mind, New York： Macmillian, Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 68. Galosy, J. R.（1990）, “The human factor in mergers and acquisitions,” Training and Development Journal, 44(4), pp.90-95.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 69. George, J. M. and G. R. Jones (1995), Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior, MA：Addison-Wesley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 70. Gersick, C. J. G. (1991), “Revolutionary Change Theories: A Multilevel Exploration of the Punctuated Equilibrium Paradigm,” Academy of Management Review, 16(1), pp.10-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 168. Nadler, D. A., R. B. Shaw and A. E. Walton (1994), Discontinuous Change: Leading organizational Transformation, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 71. Gersick, C. J. G. (1994), “Pacing strategic change: The case of a new venture,” Academy of Management Journal, 37(1), pp.9-45.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 72. Ginsberg, A. (1988), “Measuring and Modeling Changes in Strategy: Theoretical Foundations and Empirical Directions,” Strategic Management Journal, 9(6), pp.559-575.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 73. Glaser, B. G. (1978). Theoretical sensitivity. Mill Valley, CA：Sociology Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 74. Glaser, B. G., and Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research, Chicago：Aldine.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 75. Goodstein, J. and W. Boeker (1991), “Turbulence at the top：A new perspective on governance structural changes and strategic change,” Academy of Management Journal, 34(2), pp.306-330.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 76. Granovetter, M. S. (1985), “Economic action and social structure: The problem of Embeddedness,” American Journal of Sociology, 91(3), pp.1360-1380.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 77. Grant, R. M. (1996), “Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(winter special issue), pp.109-122.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 94. Hannan, M. T. and J. H. Freeman (1984), “Structural inertia and organizational change,” American Sociological Review, 49(1), pp.149-164.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 78. Greenwood, R. and C. R. Hinings (1993), “Understanding strategic change：The contribution of archetypes,” Academy of Management Journal, 36(5), pp.1052-1081.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 95. Hannan, M. T. and J. H. Freeman (1989), Organizational Ecology, Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19. 廖國鋒、范淼、王湧水(民91)，「從個體觀點探討組織成員應組織變革之研究」，管理學報，第十九卷第三期，頁451-474。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 96. Haunschild, P. R. (1993), “Inter-organizational imitation: The Impact of interlocks on corporate acquisition activity,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(4), pp.564-592.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 97. Haveman, H. A. (1993), “Organizational Size and Change: Diversification in the savings and loan industry after deregulation,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(1), pp.20-50.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 98. Heffron, F. A. (1989), Organization Theory and Public Organizations: The Political Connection, Englewood Cliffs, N J：Prence-Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12. 徐聯恩（民85），「企業變革系列研究」，台北市：華泰書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 99. Heide, J. (1994), “Interorganizational goverance in marketing channels,” Journal of Marketing, 58(1), pp.71-85.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 100. Heide, J.B., and G. John (1990), “Alliances in industrial purchasing: The determinants of joint action in buyer-supplier relationships,” Journal of Marketing Research, 27(1), pp.24-36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 101. Heide, J.B., and G. John(1992), “Do norms matter in marketing relationship？” Journal of Marketing, 56(2), pp.32–45.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 102. Herriot, R. E. and W. A. Firestone(1983), “Multisite qualitative policy research: Optimizing description and generalizability,” Educational Researcher, 12(1), pp.14-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 103. Hersen, M., and D. H. Barlow(1976), Single-case experimental designs: Strategies for Studying behavior, N.Y.：Pergamon.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 104. Hinings C. R. and R. Greenwood（1988）, The dynamics of strategic change, Oxford：Basil Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 79. Greenwood, R. and C. R. Hinings (1996), “Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new Institutionalism,” Academy of Management Review, 21(4), pp.1022-1054.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 105. Hite, J. M. (1999), Embedded Network Ties of Emerging Entrepreneurial Firms: Patterns, Processes, and Evolutionary Paths, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, The University Of Utah..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 106. Hosmer, L. T. (1995), “Trust: The Connecting Link Between Organizational Theory and Philosophical Ethics,”Academy of Management Review, 20(2), pp.379-403.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 107. Hui, C. and C. Lee（2000）, “Moderating effects of Organization-Based Self-esteem on organizational uncertainty：Employee Response Relationships,” Journal of Management, 26(2), pp.215-232zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 108. Huy, Q. N. (2001), “Time, Temporal capability, and planned change,”Academy of Management Review, 26(4), pp.601-623.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13. 張明正、陳怡蓁（民92），「擋不住的趨勢：超國界的管理經驗」，台北市：天下文化出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 109. Inkpen, A. C. (1998), “Learning and knowledge acquisition through international strategic alliances,” Academy of Management Executive, 12(4), pp.69- 80.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 110. Itami, H. and T. W. Roehl (1987), Mobilizing Invisible Assets, MA：Harvard University Press, Cambridge.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 111. James, B. G. (1985), “Alliance: The new strategic focus,” Long Range Planning, 18(3), pp.76-81.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 112. Jones, C., W. S. Hersterly and S. Borgatti (1997), “A General theory of network governance: Exchange conditions and social mechanism,” Academy of Management Review, 22(4), pp.991-945.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 113. Jorde, T. M. and D. Teece (1989), “Competition and Cooperation：Striking the Right Balance,” California Management Review, 31(3), pp.25-37.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 169. Neal, M. A. and G. B. Northcraft (1991), “Behavior negotiation theory: A framework for conceptualizing dyadic bargaining,” Research in Organizational Behavior, 13(1), pp.147-190.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 114. Joshi, A. W., and R. L. Stump (1999), “The contingent effect of specific asset investment on joint action in manufacturer-supplier relationships: An empirical test of the moderating role of reciprocal asset investments, uncertainty, and trust,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(3), pp.291-305.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 115. Kahn, R. L., D. M. Wolfe, R. P. Quinn, J. D. Snoek and R. A. Rosenthal (1964), Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity, New York：Wiley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 116. Kale, P., H. Singh and H. Perlmutter (2000), “Learning and Protection of Proprietary Assets in Strategic Alliances：Building Relational Capital,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.217-237.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 117. Karim, S. and W. Mitchell (2000), “Path-Dependent and Path-Breaking Change: Reconfiguring Business Resource Following Acquisitions in the U.S. Medical Sector, 1978-1995,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), pp.1061-1081.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 118. Kauffman, S. A. (1993), The Origins of Order- Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution, N. Y.：Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14. 張邵勳（民89），「研究方法」，台北市：滄海書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 119. Kaufman, A., C. H. Wood and G. Theyel (2000), “Collaboration and technology linkages: a strategic supplier typology,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(6), pp.649-663.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 120. Kidder, L. and C. M. Judd (1986), Research methods in social relations (5th ed). N. Y.：Holt, Rinehart and Winston.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 121. Kim, D. H., (1994), On creating learning organization: Managing organization learning cycles, Cambridge, MA：Pegasus..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 122. Kimberly, J. R. and J. B. Quinn (1984), Managing Organizational Transition, Homewood, Illinois：Jessey Base.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 170. Newman, K. L. (2000), “Organizational transformation during institutional upheaval,” Academy of Management Review, 25(3), pp.602-619.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 123. Kimberly, J. R. and R. Miles (1980), The organizational Life cycle, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 124. Koka, B. R. and J. E. Prescott (2002), “Strategic alliance as social capital: A Multidimensional view,” Strategic Management Journal, 23(9), pp.795-816.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 125. Kostova, T. and K. Roth(2002), “ Adoption of an organizational practices by subsidiaries of Multinational Corporation: Institutional and Relational effects,” Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), pp.215-233.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 126. Kotter, J. P. (1995), “Leading Change：Why transformation efforts fail,” Harvard Business Review, April, 73 (2), pp.59-67.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 127. Kougt, B. (1988), “Joint Ventures: theoretical and empirical perspectives,” Strategic Management Journal, 9(4), pp.319-332.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 128. Kougt, B. and U. Zander (1992), “Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology,” Organization Science, 3(3), pp.383-397.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15. 許士軍(民85)，「管理學」，台北市：東華書局。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 129. Kraatz, M. S. (1999), “Learning by association? Interorganizatnal networks and adaptation to environmental change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(6), pp.621-643.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 130. Kramer, R. M. (1999), “Trust and distrust in organizations: Emerging perspectives, enduring questions,” Annual Review of Psychology, 50（4）, pp.569-598.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 131. Lambe, C. J. and R. E. Spekman (1997), “Alliances, external technology acquisition, and discontinuous technological change,” Journal of Innovation Management, 14(2), pp.102-116.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 171. Nisbet, R. A. (1970), “Development: A critical analysis,” in McKinney J. and E. Tiryakin(Eds), Theoretical sociology: Perspectives and developments, pp.167-206. New York：Meredith.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 132. Langley, A.（1999）, “Strategies for theorizing from process data,” Academy of Management Review, 24(4), pp.691-710.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 133. Lawrence, P.（1989）, “Why Organizations Change？” in Mohrman A. M. Jr. and associates, Large Scale Organizational Change, San Francisco：Jossey-Bass.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 134. Laumann, E. O., Galaskiewicz, and P. Marsden (1978), “Community structure as interorganizational linkage,” Annual Review of Sociology, 4（3）, pp.455- 484.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 135. Leavitt, H. J. (1964), “Applied Organizational Change in Industry：Structural Technical and Human Approaches, ” in Cooper, W. W., Leavitt, H. J. and Shelly M. W. edited, New Perspectives in Organizational Research, New York：Wiley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 136. Levinthal, D. (1994), “Surviving Schumpeterian environments: A evolutionary perspective,” In Baum J. A. C. and J. V. Singh, eds, Evolutionary dynamics of organizations, New York：Oxford University Press, pp.167-178.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 137. Levinthal, D. (1997), “Adaptation on rugged landscapes,” Management Science, 43(7), pp.934-950.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 138. Levy, A. and U. Merry (1986), Organizational Transformation, New York： Praeger.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16. 彭金隆（民91），「組織網絡連結關係之選擇與改變—以我國保險業與金融機構間關係為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 139. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science, New York：Harper and Row.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 140. Lounsbury, M. (2001), “Institutional sources of practice variation: Staffing college and university recycling programs,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(1), pp.29 -57.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 172. Nohria, N. and C. Garcia-Pont (1991), “Global strategic linkages and industry structure,” Strategic Management Journal, 12(summer special issue), pp.105- 124.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 141. Madhok, A. (1995), “Opportunism and trust in joint venture relationships: An exploratory study and a model,” Scandinavian Journal of Management, 11(1), pp.57- 74.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 142. March, J. G.(1991),“Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning,” Organization Science, 2(1), pp.71-87.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 143. March, J. G., and H. A. Simon (1958), Organizations, New York：Willey.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 144. March, J. G., and J. P. Olsen (1976), Ambiguity and choice in organizations, Bergen, Norway：Universitetsforlaget.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 145. Marks, M. L. and P. H. Mirvis (2001), “Making mergers and acquisitions work: Strategic and psychological preparation,” Academy of Management Executive, 15(2), pp.80-94.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 146. Mathieu, J., and D. Zajac (1990), “A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment,” Psychological Bulletin, 180(2), pp.171-194.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 147. McKelvey, W. (1997), “Quasi-natural organization science,” Organization Science, 8(4), pp.352-380.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 148. Medina-Munoz, D. and J. M. García -Falcon (2000), “Successful relationships between hotels and agent,” Annals of Travel Research, 27(3), pp.737-762.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17. 黃銘章（民91），「影響代工供應商與顧客間夥伴關係因素之研究—以台灣電子資訊產業為例」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 149. Meyer, J. and B. Rowan (1977), “Institutionalized organizations: formal structure as myth and ceremony,” American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), pp.340-363.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 173. Nohria, N. and R. G. Eccles (1992), Networks and Organizations: Structure, form and action, Boston：Harvard Business School Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 150. Miles, R. H. (1982), Coffin nails and corporate strategies, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.：Prentice-Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 151. Miller, D. (1990), The Icarus Paradox: How Excellent Organizations Can Bring about Their Own Downfall, New York：Harper Business,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 152. Miller, D., and P. H. Friesen (1984), “A Longitudinal Study of the Corporate Life Cycle,” Management Science, 30(10), pp.1161-1183.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 153. Miner, A. S., P. Bassoff, and C. Moorman（2001）, “Organizational improvisation and Learning：A Field Study,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 46（2）, pp.304-337.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 154. Miner, A. S., T. L. Amburgey, and T. M. Stearns (1990), “Interorganizational linkages and population dynamics: buffering and transformational shields,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(4), pp.689-713.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 155. Mintzberg, H. and F. Westley (1992), “Cycles of organizational change,” Strategic Management Journal, 13(1), pp.39-59.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 156. Mintzberg, H. and J.A. Waters (1982), “Tracking strategy in an entrepreneurial firm,” Academy of Management Journal, 25(3), pp.465-499.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 157. Mohr, J., and R. Spekman (1994), “Characteristics of partnership success: Partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict resolution techniques,” Strategic Management Journal, 15(2), 135-152.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 158. Molinsky, A. (1999), “Sanding down the edges: Paradoxical Impediments to Organizational Change,” Journal of Applied Behavior Science, 55(1), pp.8-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18. 葉匡時、蔡敦浩、周德光（民81年），「策略聯盟的發展策略—交易成本的觀點」，管理評論，第12卷，頁99-117。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 174. North, D. C. (1991), “Institutions, ”Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), pp.97-112.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 159. Moore, K. R. (1998), “Trust and Relationship Commitment in Logistics Alliances: A Buyer Perspective,” International Journal of Purchasing, 34(1), pp.24-37.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 175. Odagiri, H., Y. Nakamura and M. Shibuya (1997), “Research consortia as a vehicle for basic research: The case of a fifth generation computer project in Japan,” Research Policy, 24(2), pp.403-417.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 176. Oliver, A. L. (2001), “Strategic alliances and the Learning Life-Cycle of Biotechnology Firms,” Organization Studies, 22(3), pp.467-489.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 177. Oliver, C. (1990), “Determinants of inter-organizational relationships: Integration and future directions,” Academy of Management Review, 15(2), pp.241-265.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 178. Parkhe, A. (1993), “Strategic alliance structuring: A game theoretic and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation,” Academy of Management Journal, 36 (4), 794-829.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 80. Greve, H. R. (1995). “Jumping ship: the diffusion of strategy abandonment,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(3), pp.444-473.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 20. 熊欣華（民90），「組織間合作的信心管理」，國立政治大學企業管理學系未出版博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 179. Patton, M. Q. (1980), Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Newbury Park：Sage.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 180. Peterson, K. A. and L. Bickman(1992), “Using program theory in quality assessments of children`s mental health services,” in H. T. Chen and P. Rossi (Eds), Using theory to improve program and policy evaluations, Westport, CT, Greenwood, pp.165-176.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 181. Pettigrew, A. M.(1987), “Context and action in the transformation of the firm,” Journal of Management Studies, 24(6), pp.649-670.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 182. Pettigrew, A. M. (1990), “Longitudinal field research on change: Theory and practice,” Organization Science, 1(3), pp.267-291.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 183. Pettigrew, A. M. and R. Whipp(1991), Managing change for competitive success, Oxford, England：Basil Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 184. Pettigrew, A. M., R. W. Woodman and K. S. Cameron (2001), “Studying Organizational change and development: Challenges for future research,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.697-713.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 185. Pettigrew, A. M.(1985), The Awakening Giant, Oxford：Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 186. Pfeffer, J. (1981), Power in organization. Marshfield, MA：Pitman.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 187. Pfeffer, J. and G. Salancik (1978), The External Control of Organization: A Resource Dependence Perspective. NY：Harper and Row.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 81. Greve, H. R. (1998), “Performance, aspirations, and risky organizational change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 43(1), pp. 58-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 188. Pfeffer, J.and P. Nowak (1976), “Joint venture and interorganizational interdependence,” Administrative Science Quarterly,21（3）, pp.398-418.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、英文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 189. Platt. J. (1992), “Case study in American methodological thoughts,” Current Sociology, 40(1), pp.17-48.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 190. Porter, M. and J. Rivkin (1998), Activity systems as barriers to imitation, Working Paper no.98-066, Boston：Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 191. Powell, W. W., K. W. Koput and L. Smith-Doerr (1996), “Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: networks of learning in Biotechnology,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(1), pp.116-145.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 192. Quinn, J. B. (1980), “Managing strategic change,” Sloan Management Review, 21(4), pp.3-20.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 193. Quinn, R. E. and K. S. Cameron (1988), Paradox and Transformation, Ballinger, New York：Harper and Rowe.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 194. Rajagopalan, N. and G. M. Spreitzer (1997), “Toward a theory of strategic change: A Multi-lens perspective and integrative framework,” Academy of Management Review, 22(1), pp. 48-79.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 195. Ranson, S., C. R. Hinings, and R. Greewood（1980）, “The structuring of organization structures,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 25(1), pp.1-17.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 196. Richardson, G. B. (1972), “The organization of industry,” Economic Journal, 82(8), pp.883-896.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 82. Gulati R (1998), “Alliance and Network,” Strategic Management Journal, 19(4), pp.293-317.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 197. Rigby, D. K. and W. T. Buchanan (1994), “Putting More Strategy into Strategic Alliances,” Directors and Boards, 18(2), pp.14-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 198. Rivkin, J. (2000), “Imitation of complex strategies,” Management Science, 46(6), pp.824-844.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Ahuja, G. (2000), “The duality of collaborations: inducements and opportunities in the formation of Inter-firm Linkages,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), pp.317–343.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 199. Robbins, S. P. (2001), Organization Behavior (9th ed), N. J.：Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 200. Robertson, P. J. (1994), “The Relationship between Work Setting and Employee Behavior: A study of a critical linkage in the Organizational Change Process,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, 7(3), pp.22-43.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 201. Robertson, P.J., D. R. Roberts and J.J. Porras(1993), “Dynamic of Planned Organizational Change: Assessing empirical support for a Theoretical Model,” Academy of Management Journal,36(3), pp.619-634.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 202. Rogers E. (1983), Diffusion of innovations (3rd ed.), New York：Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 203. Rogers, E. M., E. G. Carayannis, K. Kurihara and M. M. Allbritton (1998), “Cooperative research and development agreements as technology transfer mechanisms,” R&D Management, 28(2), pp.79-88.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 204. Rokkan, A. I., and S.A. Haugland (2002), “Developing relational exchange effectiveness and power,” European Journal of Marketing, 36（2）, pp.211–230.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 205. Romanelli, E. and M. L. Tushman (1994), “Organization Transformation as Punctuated Equilibrium,” Academy of Management Journal, 37(5), pp.1141-1166.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 83. Gulati, R. (1995a), “Social structure and alliance formation patterns: A longitudinal analysis,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 40(4), pp. 619-652.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 206. Rousseau, D.M., S. B. Sitkin., R. S. Burt and C. Camerer (1998), “Not so different after all：A cross-discipline view of trust,” Academy of Management Review, 23(3), pp.393-404.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 207. Sakakibara, M. (1997), “Heterogeneity of firm Capabilities and Cooperative research and development: An empirical examination of motives,” Strategic Management Journal, 18(S1), pp.143-164.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 208. Sarkar, M. B., Echambadi, R., Cavusgil, S. T., and P. S. Aulakh (2001), “The influence of complementarity, compatibility, and relationship capital on alliance performance,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 29(4), pp.358-373.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. Alchian, A. and H. Demsetz (1972), “Production, information costs, and econmic organization,” American Economic Review, 62（7）, pp. 777-795.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 209. Sastry A. (1997), “Problems and Paradoxes in a model of Punctuated organizational change,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), pp.237–276.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 210. Schulz, M. (2001), “The Uncertain relevance of Newness, Organizational Learning and Knowledge flows,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.661-681.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 211. Selznick P. (1957), Leadership in administration, Evanston: I.L.： Bow, Peterson.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 212. Sherer, P. D. and K. Lee (2002), “Institutional change in large law firms: A Resource dependency and institutional perspective,” Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), pp.102-126.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 213. Siggelkow, N. (2001), “Change in the presence of fit: The rise,the fall, and the renaissance of Liz claiborne,” Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), pp.838-857.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 214. Simonin, B. L. (1999), “Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances,” Strategic Management Journal, 20(7), pp.595-623.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 84. Gulati, R. (1995b), “Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choices in alliances, ”Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), pp. 85-112.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 215. Singh, K. and W. Mitchell (1996), “Precarious Collaboration: business survival after Partners shut down or form new partnerships,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), pp.99-115.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 216. Stabell, C. B. and O. D. Fjeldstad(1998), “Configuring Value for Competitive Advantage:on Chains，Shops and Networks”, Strategic Management Journal, 19(5), pp.413-437.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 217. Staudenmayer, N., M. Tyre and L. Perlow(2002), “Time to change: Temporal shifts as enablers of organizational change,” Organization Science, 13(5), pp.583-597.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 218. Strauss, A.L.(1987), Qualitative analysis for social scientists, New York：Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3. Aldrich, H. (1979), Organizations and environments, Englewood, N.J.：Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 219. Strauss, A.L., and J. Corbin(1990), Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, C. A.：Sage.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 220. Sturat, T. E. (2000), “Interorganizational alliances and the performance of firms: A study of growth and innovation rates in a high-technology industry,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(8), pp.791-811.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 221. Subramani, M. R. and N. Venkatraman(2003),“Safeguarding Investments in Asymmetric Interorganizational Relationships: Theory and Evidence,” Academy of Management Journal, 46(1), pp.46-62.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 222. Szulanski, G. (1996), “Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of the best practice within the firm,” Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), pp.27–43.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 223. Teece, D. J. (1992), “Competition, cooperation, and innovation organizational arrangements for regimes of rapid technological progress,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 18(1), pp.1-25.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 85. Gulati, R. (1999), “Network location and learning: The influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation,” Strategic Management Journal, 20(5), pp.397-420.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 224. Tichy , N. M. and S. Sherman（1993）, Control your Denisty or Someone will. Doubleday.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 225. Tichy, N. M. and D. O. Ulrich (1984), “The Leadership Challenge: A Call for The Transformation Leader,” in Hampton, Summer and Webber, Organizational Behavior and the Practical of Management (5th Ed.), Glenview, Illinois：Scott Foresman.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 226. Tidd, J. and M. J. Trewhella (1997), “Organizational and technological antecedents of knowledge acquisition and learning,” R&D Management, 27(4), pp.359-375.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 227. Tripsas, M., S. Schrader and M. Sobrero (1995), “Discouraging opportunistic behavior in collaborative R&D: A new role for government,” Research Policy, 24(3), pp.367-389.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 228. Tripsas, R. and G. Gavetti(2000), “Capability, Cognition and Inertia: Evidence From Digital Imaging,” Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), pp.1147-1161.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4. Allison, G. (1971), Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban missile crisis, Boston, MA：Little Brown.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 229. Tsoukas, H. and R. Chia (2002), “On organizational becoming: Rethinking organizational change,” Organization Science, 13(5), pp.567-584.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 230. Turner, B. A. (1981), “Some practical aspects of Qualitative data analysis: one way of Organizing the Cognitive Processes associated with the Generation of grounded theory,”" Quality and Quantity, 15（2）, pp.225-247.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 231. Tushman, M. L. and C. A. O’Reilly (1996), “Ambidextrous organizations: managing evolutionary and revolutionary change,” California Management Review, 38(1), pp.8–30.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 232. Tushman, M. L., and E. Romanelli (1985), “Organizational Evolution: A metamorphosis model of convergence and reorientation,” Research in Organizational Behavior, 7（1）, pp.171-222.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 86. Gummesson, E. (1991), Qualitative Methods in Management research: Case Study Research, ed, Newbury Park, California：Sage.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 233. Ulrich, D. and J. B. Barney (1986), “Perspectives in Organizations: Resource Dependence, Efficiency and Population”, Academy of Management Review, 9(3), pp.471–481.zh_TW