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題名 兩岸廣告訴求及品牌個性比較-以網路廣告為例
作者 李吉明
貢獻者 周文賢
Chow, Wayne S.
李吉明
關鍵詞 廣告訴求
品牌個性
日期 2004
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:59:32 (UTC+8)
摘要 大陸與台灣的互動一直是在國際間令人囑目的話題之中,而在經過50年的分治之下,整體的政治、經濟、民俗風情智不同。故本研究要探討大陸與台灣不同的文化之下,在網路廣告當中所呈現出來的廣告訴求及產品的品牌個性呈現的差異。
     廣告是否能夠反應當地的文化?若可,則大陸與台灣的廣告呈現將受兩地文化影響,這是本研究主要研究目的,再加上產品類別當調節變數,探討其直接與間接影響廣告訴求與品牌個性的呈現。本研究採用Hofstede(1980)所提出來的四個文化構面對應到Pollay(1983)所提出的42個廣告訴求;並且以Aaker(1997)在日本所做的五大品牌個性構面為主體加以編碼;在廣告訴求方面,則是結合了Simon(1971)的十個訴求與Kotler(1980)的三個訴求,並發展出適合的七個廣告訴求。
     本研究總共抽取了台灣與大陸的網路廣告357則,由三位行銷專家進行7種廣告訴求、4類文化構面、五大品牌構面的內容分析後,利用T檢定,檢定兩岸的文化是否有明顯差異,接下來用卡方檢定地區別與產品別對廣告訴求與品牌個性的影響,再以產品類別為調節變數分別對廣告訴求與品牌個性做MANOVA分析,最後在探討廣告訴求呈現的地區別與產品別差異。
     結果發現,兩岸在文化方面的權力距離與雄性主義有明顯的差異;廣告訴求則是台灣以感性訴求明顯高於大陸,大陸則是以理性訴求明顯高於台灣,而地區別與產品別對廣告訴求的影響則是部分顯著;品牌個性在兩岸的差異性不大,在產品類別上的差異性較大,其中飲食類與服飾/日用品呈現相似、耐久財與資訊/電子產品的表現較像,而地區別與產品別對於品牌個性的影響則只有少數顯著;
     在廣告訴求方面,本研究呼符合Tse, Belk, and Zhou(1989)的研究結果,大陸偏實用主義,台灣偏享樂主義;品牌個性方面,兩岸的表現以「稱職」為最多,次為「刺激」,此呼應Aaker 的研究以此二構面為首的合理性,也說明了產品與人在個性上的差異,應證設計專屬於品牌之個性構面的必要性。
參考文獻 一、中文部份
(1) 王石番(1989),傳播內容分析法-理論與實證,台北幼獅文化事業公司。
(2) 周文賢(2002),多變量統計分析:SAS/STATISTICS使用方法,台北:智勝文化。
(3) 周文賢(1999),行銷管理:市場分析與策略規劃,台北:智勝文化。
(4) 周文賢與吳金潮(1996),碩士論文撰寫方法,台北:華泰文化。
(5) 朱有志(1995),「大陸地區報紙廣告的文化價值分析:以南方日報與解放日報為例:1979-1993」,國立政治大學新聞研究所未出版碩士論文。
(6) 吳祉芸(2003),「兩岸品牌個性之跨文化比較 以報紙廣告為例」,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
(7) 祝鳳岡(1996),「廣告理性訴求策略」之策略分析,廣告學研究,8:1-26。
(8) 祝鳳岡(1995),「廣告感性訴求策略」之策略分析,廣告學研究,5:85-112。
(9) 陳俐琦(1998),「品牌個性構成向度之研究」,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
(10) 黃于玲(2001),「新聞網站網路廣告訊息之內容分析研究」,國立政治大學廣告研究所未出版碩士論文。
(11) 詹佩娟譯(2000),廣告Any Time:網際網路廣告,台北:漢智電子商務。譯自Zeff Robbin and Brad Aronson。
(12) 鄭自隆(2000),台灣網路廣告市場趨勢分析,台灣有線視訊寬頻網路發展協進會專案研究。
(13) 劉淑凰(1998),「台灣近代廣告文化訴求趨勢與不同文化訴求對情感激起度與廣告態度之影響」,國立成功大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
二、英文部份
(1) Aaker, David A. (1995), Building Strong Brand, 1th, New York: The Free Press.
(2) Aaker, D., and Norris, D. (1982), “Characteristic of TV Commercials Perceived as Informative”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 2, no. 22, pp. 61-70.
(3) Aaker, Jennifer L. (1997), “Dimensions of Brand Personality”, Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 34, Aug, pp. 347-56.
(4) Aaker, Jennifer L., Garolera, J., and Benet-Marinez, V. (2001), “Consumption Symbols as Carriers of Culture: A Study of Japanese and Spanish Brand Personality Constructs”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 492-508.
(5) Albers-Miller N. D. and Gelb, B. D. (1996), “Business Advertising Appeals as a Mirror of Cultural Dimensions: A Study of Eleven Countries”, Journal of Advertising, vol.25, no. 4, pp. 55-70.
(6) Barnlund, Dean C. (1989), Communicative styles of Japanese and Americans : images and realities, Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Pub. Co.
(7) Batra, R., Lehmann, Donald R. and Singh, D. (1993), “The Brand Personality Component of Brand Goodwill: Some Antecedents and Consequences”, in Brand Equity and Advertising:Advertising`s Role in Building Strong Brands, Aaker, D. A. and Bie l, A, Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum, 1993, pp. 83-96.
(8) Belk, R. W. and Pollay, R. W. (1985), “Images of Ourselves: The Good Life in Twentieth Century Advertising”, Journal of Consumer Research, vol.11, March, no. 887-897.
(9) Belk, R. W., Tse, D. K., and Zhou, N. (1994), “Becoming a Consumer Society: a Longitudinal and Cross-Culture Content Analysis of Print ads From Hong Kong, The People’s Republic of China, and Taiwan”, Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 15, March, pp. 457-472.
(10) Belch, G. E. and Belch M. A. (1993), “Introduction to Advertising and Promotion: an Integrated Marketing Communication Perspectives”, Homewood, IL., Irwin.
(11) Blackett, T. (1988), “Researching Brand Names”, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 5-8.
(12) Cheng, Hong and Schweitzer, John C. (1996), “Cultural Values Reflected in Chinese and U. S. Televisions Commercials”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 36 no.3, pp. 27-45.
(13) Culter, Bob D. and Javalgi, Rajshekhar G. (1992), “A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Visual Components of Print Advertising: The United States and the European Community”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 32, Jan, pp. 71-80.
(14) Haley, Russell L., Richardson, Jack, and Baldwin, Beth M. (1984), “The Effects of Nonverbal Communications in Television Advertising”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 24, pp. 11-18.
(15) Hofstede, G. (1980), Culture’s consequence international difference in work-relate values, London: Beverly.
(16) Hofstede and Geert (1983), “National Cultures in Four Dimensions-A Research-Based Theory of Cultural Differences among Nations”, Int. Studies of Man. and Org., vol. 13 no.1-2, pp. 46-74.
(17) Hofstede and Geert (1991), Cultures and Organizations Software of the Mind, London: McGraw-Hill International, pp. 1-20.
(18) Hofstede, G. (1993), “Cultural Constraints in Management Theories”, Academy of Management Executive, vol.7, no. 1 pp. 81-94.
(19) Hoggan, Karen (1988), “Brand Management: Back to Life”, Marketing, 13, Mar, pp. 20-22
(20) Johar, J. S. and Sirgy, M. J. (1991), “Value-Expressive Versus Utilitarian Advertising Appeals:When and Why to Use Which Appeal”, Journal of Advertising, vol. 20, September, pp. 23-33.
(21) Kanso, A. (1992), “International Advertising Strategies, Global Communication to Local Vision”, Journal of Advertising, 32, pp. 10-14.
(22) Kim, K. K. and Katherine T. F. (1993), “An Analysis of the Growth of Transnational Advertising in Five Asian Countries: 1970-1990”, Media Asia, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 45-53.
(23) Kotler, P. (1980), Marketing management: analysis, planning, and control, N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
(24) Miles, R. E., and Snow, C.C. (1984), Designing Strategic Human Resource Systems, Organizational Dynamics, pp. 36-52.
(25) Mueller, B. (1987), “Reflection of Culture: An Analysis of Japanese and American Advertising Appeals”, Journal of advertising research, June and July, pp. 51-59.
(26) Paunonen, Sampo V., Jackson, Douglas N., Trzebinski, J., and Fersterling, F. (1992), “Personality Structure Across Cultures: A Multi-method Evaluation”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 62 no. 3, pp. 447-456.
(27) Plummer and Joseph T. (1984), “How Personality Makes A Difference”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 24, Dec., pp. 27-31.
(28) Plummer and Joseph T. (1985), “Brand Personality: A Strategic Concept for Multinational Advertising”, in Marketing Educators’ Conference. New York: Young and Rubicam, pp. 1-31.
(29) Pollay and Richard W. (1983), “Measuring the Culture Values Manifest in Advertising”, in Current Issues and Research in Advertising, James H. Leigh and Claude R. Martin, Jr. eds., Ann Arbor: Graduate School of Business, Division of Research, University of Michigan, pp. 72-92.
(30) Rothschild, M. L. (1987), Advertising: From Fundamentals to Strategies, US, D. C.: Health and Company.
(31) Schramm, W. (1971), “Nature of communication between humans”, The process and Effect of Mass Communication , pp. 43-47.
(32) Shuler, Laura (1999), “Make Sure to Deliver When Staging Events”, Marketing News, vol. 3, Sep., pp. 12-16.
(33) Simon, J. L. (1971), The Management of Advertising, Engelwood Cliffs, 1st., New York, Prentice Hill, pp. 174-206.
(34) Tanushree, Chennai (2002), “It’s All about Brand ”, Businessline, Apr, pp.1-3.
(35) Triandis, Harry C. (1972), The Analysis of Subjective Culture, NY, John Wiley.
(36) Unwin, S. (1974), “How Culture Affects Advertising Expression and Communication Style”, Journal of Advertising, vol.3, no. 2 pp. 24-27.
三、網站部份
(1) 雅虎奇摩網站http://tw.yahoo.com/
(2) 網路家庭網站http://www.pchome.com.tw/
(3) 台灣新浪網站http://www.pchome.com.tw/
(4) 蕃薯藤網站http://www.sina.com.tw/
(5) 大陸新浪網站http://www.sina.com.cn/
(6) 大陸網易網站http://www.163.com.cn/
(7) 大陸搜狐網站http://www.sohu.com/
(8) 大陸163電子郵局網站http://www.163.net/
(9) 中國互聯網絡信息中心http://www.cnnic.net.cn/
(10) 資策會http://www.find.org.tw/
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
92355057
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0923550571
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 周文賢zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chow, Wayne S.en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李吉明zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 李吉明zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:59:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:59:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:59:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0923550571en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29983-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92355057zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 大陸與台灣的互動一直是在國際間令人囑目的話題之中,而在經過50年的分治之下,整體的政治、經濟、民俗風情智不同。故本研究要探討大陸與台灣不同的文化之下,在網路廣告當中所呈現出來的廣告訴求及產品的品牌個性呈現的差異。
     廣告是否能夠反應當地的文化?若可,則大陸與台灣的廣告呈現將受兩地文化影響,這是本研究主要研究目的,再加上產品類別當調節變數,探討其直接與間接影響廣告訴求與品牌個性的呈現。本研究採用Hofstede(1980)所提出來的四個文化構面對應到Pollay(1983)所提出的42個廣告訴求;並且以Aaker(1997)在日本所做的五大品牌個性構面為主體加以編碼;在廣告訴求方面,則是結合了Simon(1971)的十個訴求與Kotler(1980)的三個訴求,並發展出適合的七個廣告訴求。
     本研究總共抽取了台灣與大陸的網路廣告357則,由三位行銷專家進行7種廣告訴求、4類文化構面、五大品牌構面的內容分析後,利用T檢定,檢定兩岸的文化是否有明顯差異,接下來用卡方檢定地區別與產品別對廣告訴求與品牌個性的影響,再以產品類別為調節變數分別對廣告訴求與品牌個性做MANOVA分析,最後在探討廣告訴求呈現的地區別與產品別差異。
     結果發現,兩岸在文化方面的權力距離與雄性主義有明顯的差異;廣告訴求則是台灣以感性訴求明顯高於大陸,大陸則是以理性訴求明顯高於台灣,而地區別與產品別對廣告訴求的影響則是部分顯著;品牌個性在兩岸的差異性不大,在產品類別上的差異性較大,其中飲食類與服飾/日用品呈現相似、耐久財與資訊/電子產品的表現較像,而地區別與產品別對於品牌個性的影響則只有少數顯著;
     在廣告訴求方面,本研究呼符合Tse, Belk, and Zhou(1989)的研究結果,大陸偏實用主義,台灣偏享樂主義;品牌個性方面,兩岸的表現以「稱職」為最多,次為「刺激」,此呼應Aaker 的研究以此二構面為首的合理性,也說明了產品與人在個性上的差異,應證設計專屬於品牌之個性構面的必要性。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目次 I
     表次 III
     圖次 V
     第一章 緒論 1
     1.1研究背景 1
     1.2研究動機 2
     1.3研究目的 2
     1.4研究範圍 3
     1.5章節結構 3
     第二章 文獻回顧 5
     2.1網路廣告特性與種類 5
     2.2文化與廣告的關係 8
     2.3品牌個性 11
     2.4廣告訴求 16
     第三章 研究方法 21
     3.1研究架構 21
     3.2研究設計 22
     3.3抽樣方法 23
     3.4編碼方式與準則 24
     第四章 統計結果與分析 35
     4.1信度分析 35
     4.2兩岸文化比較 37
     4.3廣告訴求 40
     4.4品牌個性 43
     4.5地區別與產品類別對品牌個性呈現之效果檢定 64
     4.6行銷策略建議 66
     第五章 結論與建議 72
     5.1研究發現 72
     5.2策略意涵 74
     5.3研究貢獻 74
     5.4研究限制 75
     5.5後續研究建議 75
     參考文獻 77
     一、中文部份 77
     二、英文部份 78
     三、網站部份 81
     附錄 82
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0923550571en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 廣告訴求zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 品牌個性zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 兩岸廣告訴求及品牌個性比較-以網路廣告為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (1) 王石番(1989),傳播內容分析法-理論與實證,台北幼獅文化事業公司。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2) 周文賢(2002),多變量統計分析:SAS/STATISTICS使用方法,台北:智勝文化。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (3) 周文賢(1999),行銷管理:市場分析與策略規劃,台北:智勝文化。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (4) 周文賢與吳金潮(1996),碩士論文撰寫方法,台北:華泰文化。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (5) 朱有志(1995),「大陸地區報紙廣告的文化價值分析:以南方日報與解放日報為例:1979-1993」,國立政治大學新聞研究所未出版碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (6) 吳祉芸(2003),「兩岸品牌個性之跨文化比較 以報紙廣告為例」,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (7) 祝鳳岡(1996),「廣告理性訴求策略」之策略分析,廣告學研究,8:1-26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (8) 祝鳳岡(1995),「廣告感性訴求策略」之策略分析,廣告學研究,5:85-112。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (9) 陳俐琦(1998),「品牌個性構成向度之研究」,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (10) 黃于玲(2001),「新聞網站網路廣告訊息之內容分析研究」,國立政治大學廣告研究所未出版碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (11) 詹佩娟譯(2000),廣告Any Time:網際網路廣告,台北:漢智電子商務。譯自Zeff Robbin and Brad Aronson。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (12) 鄭自隆(2000),台灣網路廣告市場趨勢分析,台灣有線視訊寬頻網路發展協進會專案研究。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (13) 劉淑凰(1998),「台灣近代廣告文化訴求趨勢與不同文化訴求對情感激起度與廣告態度之影響」,國立成功大學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、英文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (1) Aaker, David A. (1995), Building Strong Brand, 1th, New York: The Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2) Aaker, D., and Norris, D. (1982), “Characteristic of TV Commercials Perceived as Informative”, Journal of Advertising Research, vol. 2, no. 22, pp. 61-70.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (3) Aaker, Jennifer L. (1997), “Dimensions of Brand Personality”, Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 34, Aug, pp. 347-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (4) Aaker, Jennifer L., Garolera, J., and Benet-Marinez, V. (2001), “Consumption Symbols as Carriers of Culture: A Study of Japanese and Spanish Brand Personality Constructs”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 492-508.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (5) Albers-Miller N. D. and Gelb, B. D. (1996), “Business Advertising Appeals as a Mirror of Cultural Dimensions: A Study of Eleven Countries”, Journal of Advertising, vol.25, no. 4, pp. 55-70.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (6) Barnlund, Dean C. (1989), Communicative styles of Japanese and Americans : images and realities, Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Pub. Co.zh_TW
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