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題名 智慧財產移轉訂價之探索性研究
Exploratory Research on Transfer Pricing of Intellectual Property
作者 張雅雯
Chang,Ya Wen
貢獻者 吳偉臺
Watanabe,Richard
張雅雯
Chang,Ya Wen
關鍵詞 智慧財產
移轉訂價
常規交易原則
Intellectual Property
Transfer Pricing
Arm`s Length Principle
日期 2007
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 17:31:03 (UTC+8)
摘要 移轉訂價係指關係企業間進行交易時,價格之訂定過程。由於各國稅制、稅率均存在差異,使跨國集團常透過移轉訂價之方式,不當安排其利潤以規避稅負。各國稅捐主管機關本其財政收入考量,並捍衛其課稅主權,紛紛建立移轉訂價稅制,要求關係企業間移轉訂價必須符合常規交易原則。
       近年來,智慧財產已逐漸取代有形財產,成為企業價值之主要項目。由於智慧財產並無公開交易市場,且其通常具有一定之獨特性,致使涉及智慧財產之受控交易,於運用常規交易原則時產生諸多困難。
       本論文為智慧財產移轉訂價之探索性研究,從稅制面進行分析與探討。研究結果發現,我國現行稅制與經濟暨合作發展組織、美國移轉訂價規範相較之下,未臻完備之處有:
     1. 欠缺成本貢獻協議之具體規範;
     2. 欠缺相互協議程序之具體適用規範。
       此外,智慧財產受控交易於運用我國現行移轉訂價規範時,容易產生爭議及困難點之處在於:
     1. 缺乏可比較未受控交易;
     2. 智慧財產所有權之認定;
     3. 共同研發之課稅問題;
     4. 相互協議程序和預先訂價協議機制難以適用。
Transfer pricing refers to a process of pricing arrangement in a controlled transactions between affiliated enterprises. Due to differences in tax legislations and tax rates among countries, multinational corporations may deliberately allocate their profits into different countries by leveraging off those differences, so its overall tax liabilities may be minimized. In view of the foregoing, tax authorities of various countries have began to formed transfer pricing related rules and regulations in order to preserve their tax bases and have requested full conformity of transfer pricing rules from resident enterprises when conducting related party transactions.
     In recent years, intellectual property (“IP”) has overtaken the importance of tangible assets and became a predominant operating item in many of the enterprises. However, given the inherent uniqueness in each IP and the lack of open market for the IP, difficulties often arise when applying the arm’s length principal on IP related controlled transactions.
     This exploratory research discusses transfer pricing of IP. Through this research, it is identified that there may be room for improvements for Taiwan transfer pricing rules in the following two areas in comparison with the OECD and U.S. transfer pricing rules:
     1. Rules of cost contribution arrangement;and
     2. Application rules of mutual agreement procedure.
     Moreover, controversies and difficulties may likely to occur in the following areas when applying transfer pricing rules on IP related controlled transactions in Taiwan:
     1. Lack of comparable uncontrolled transactions;
     2. The ownership of intellectual property rights;
     3. Tax on cooperative R&D;and
     4. Difficulties to apply with MAP and APA.
參考文獻 中文期刊
林石猛、莊秋萍,2005,營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則草案之問題
探討,台灣本土法學雜誌,第68期(3月):37-41。
林宜賢,2007,跨國企業智慧財產權稅務與利潤之規劃,會計研究月刊,第267 
  期(10月):110-115。
吳安妮,2002,剖析智慧資本,會計研究月刊,第204期(11月):57-66。
吳德豐,2008,智慧財產權的全方位價值管理策略,會計研究月刊,第263期(2
  月):108-117。
洪振添,2000,智慧資產之評價模式,會計研究月刊,第180期(11月):27-35。
馬嘉應、余景仁,2005,探討我國營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則, 
  財稅研究,第三十七卷第三期(5月):90-102。
張書瑋、廖玉惠,2006,從評價到籌資的智慧藍圖,會計研究月刊,第248期(6
  月):28-37。
楊明珠、邱文敏,2007,智慧財產權之稅務議題,稅務旬刊,第2005期(6月):
  38-39。
蔡朝安,2007,跨國視野下智慧財產權管理之若干法律議題,會計研究月刊,第
  264期(11月):114-121。
潘家涓,2006,資產無形價值有形,會計研究月刊,第252期(11月):62-66。
蘇瓜藤,2006,無形資產之評價(下),會計研究月刊,第253期(12月):70-80。
中文專書、論文
中華經濟研究院,2002,美、歐、日及韓等有關知識產權(智慧財產權)之鑑價
機構、交易市場與融資機構之研究,經濟部。
吳慧玲,2003,智慧財產權評價之研究:從銀行融資的角度來探討,台北大學會
計研究所碩士論文。
洪碧梅,2005,跨國企業移轉訂價之探討—以無形資產為研究範圍,逢甲大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。
凌忠嫄等,2005,移轉訂價制度詳解—我國法制暨國際比較,實用稅務出版社。
財團法人資誠教育基金會,2005,2005移轉訂價理論與實務,商周編輯顧問。
張擎天,2003,預先訂價協議適用於我國之探索性研究,中原大學會計研究所碩
  士論文。
黃伃筠,2007,權利金移轉訂價調整之法律爭議,台灣大學法律學研究所碩士論
文。
游家保,2007,美國移轉訂價規範下,台灣跨國公司如何管理其移轉訂價政策之
研究,台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
謝銘洋,2001,智慧財產權之基礎理論,台北市:翰蘆。
法規、函令、公報
中華民國財務會計準則公報第三十七號
中華民國所得稅法
中華民國營利事業所得稅查核準則
中華民國營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則
台財稅字第0920455312號函
台財稅字第0900450628號函
促進產業升級條例
英文資料
1995 OECD Report on Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations.
Eli Lilly and Company and Subsidiaries v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 856 F. 2d 855(7thCir. 1988).
Internal Revenue Code Section 482.
IRS Revenue Procedure 96-53.
IRS Revenue Procedure 2006-09.
IRS Revenue Procedure 2006-23.
IRS Announcement 2004-26.
Michelle Markham, 2005, The Transfer Pricing of Intangibles, Kluwer Law  
  International.
OECD Model Tax Convention.
Treasury Regulation Section1.482-1 ~ Section 1.482-8.
U.S Model Income Tax Convention.
網站
WIPO 網站 http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en
財政部網站http://www.etax.nat.gov.tw/wSite/ct?xItem=25711&ctNode=10785(瀏覽日期97年5月21日)
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
95353056
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095353056
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳偉臺zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Watanabe,Richarden_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張雅雯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chang,Ya Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 張雅雯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chang,Ya Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 17:31:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 17:31:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 17:31:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095353056en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/30241-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95353056zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 移轉訂價係指關係企業間進行交易時,價格之訂定過程。由於各國稅制、稅率均存在差異,使跨國集團常透過移轉訂價之方式,不當安排其利潤以規避稅負。各國稅捐主管機關本其財政收入考量,並捍衛其課稅主權,紛紛建立移轉訂價稅制,要求關係企業間移轉訂價必須符合常規交易原則。
       近年來,智慧財產已逐漸取代有形財產,成為企業價值之主要項目。由於智慧財產並無公開交易市場,且其通常具有一定之獨特性,致使涉及智慧財產之受控交易,於運用常規交易原則時產生諸多困難。
       本論文為智慧財產移轉訂價之探索性研究,從稅制面進行分析與探討。研究結果發現,我國現行稅制與經濟暨合作發展組織、美國移轉訂價規範相較之下,未臻完備之處有:
     1. 欠缺成本貢獻協議之具體規範;
     2. 欠缺相互協議程序之具體適用規範。
       此外,智慧財產受控交易於運用我國現行移轉訂價規範時,容易產生爭議及困難點之處在於:
     1. 缺乏可比較未受控交易;
     2. 智慧財產所有權之認定;
     3. 共同研發之課稅問題;
     4. 相互協議程序和預先訂價協議機制難以適用。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Transfer pricing refers to a process of pricing arrangement in a controlled transactions between affiliated enterprises. Due to differences in tax legislations and tax rates among countries, multinational corporations may deliberately allocate their profits into different countries by leveraging off those differences, so its overall tax liabilities may be minimized. In view of the foregoing, tax authorities of various countries have began to formed transfer pricing related rules and regulations in order to preserve their tax bases and have requested full conformity of transfer pricing rules from resident enterprises when conducting related party transactions.
     In recent years, intellectual property (“IP”) has overtaken the importance of tangible assets and became a predominant operating item in many of the enterprises. However, given the inherent uniqueness in each IP and the lack of open market for the IP, difficulties often arise when applying the arm’s length principal on IP related controlled transactions.
     This exploratory research discusses transfer pricing of IP. Through this research, it is identified that there may be room for improvements for Taiwan transfer pricing rules in the following two areas in comparison with the OECD and U.S. transfer pricing rules:
     1. Rules of cost contribution arrangement;and
     2. Application rules of mutual agreement procedure.
     Moreover, controversies and difficulties may likely to occur in the following areas when applying transfer pricing rules on IP related controlled transactions in Taiwan:
     1. Lack of comparable uncontrolled transactions;
     2. The ownership of intellectual property rights;
     3. Tax on cooperative R&D;and
     4. Difficulties to apply with MAP and APA.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………………………..-1-
     第一節 研究背景與動機………………………………………………………………..-1-
     第二節 研究目的………………………………………………………………………..-3-
     第三節 研究問題………………………………………………………………………..-3-
     第四節 研究架構……………………………………………………………………….-4-
      第五節 研究範圍釐清…………………………………………………………….-4-
     第二章 智慧財產概論……………………………………………………………………..-6-
     第一節 智慧財產之定義………………………………………………………………..-6-
     第二節 智慧財產之國際規範…………………………………………………………..-7-
     第三節 智慧財產之租稅議題…………………………………………………………-10-
     第四節 智慧財產之移轉訂價…………………………………………………………-14-
     第五節 智慧財產其他相關議題………………………………………………………-15-
     第三章 無形資產移轉訂價稅制探討……………………………………………………-20-
     第一節 OECD移轉訂價指導方針……………………………………………………-21-
     第二節 美國內地稅法482條…………………………………………………………-46-
     第三節 我國所得稅法第43條之1……………………………………………………-61-
     第四節 小結……………………………………………………………………………-66-
     第四章 智慧財產之移轉訂價……………………………………………………………-71-
     第一節 常規交易原則之運用…………………………………………………………-71-
     第二節 選擇常規交易方法之考量點…………………………………………………-74-
     第三節 跨國智慧財產移轉訂價爭議…………………………………………………-77-
     第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………………………………-81-
     第一節 結論……………………………………………………………………………-81-
     第二節 建議……………………………………………………………………………-83-
     參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………………-85-
     附錄一 OECD Model Tax Convention Article 25……………………………………..-88-
     附錄二 U.S Model Tax Convention Article 25…………………………………………-89-
     表目錄
     表2- 1 智慧財產權之保護範圍一覽表…………………………………………………………-7-
     表2- 2 無形資產評價方法分析…………………………………………………………………-15-
     表3- 1 應考量之交易標的重要特性…………………………………………………………...-22-
     表3- 2 美國移轉訂價規範沿革表……………………………………………………………...-45-
     圖目錄
     圖1-1 論文架構圖…………………………………………………………………………………-4-
     圖2- 1 智慧資本、無形資產、智慧財產概念圖………………………………………………...-5-
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095353056en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧財產zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移轉訂價zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 常規交易原則zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Intellectual Propertyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transfer Pricingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Arm`s Length Principleen_US
dc.title (題名) 智慧財產移轉訂價之探索性研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Exploratory Research on Transfer Pricing of Intellectual Propertyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文期刊zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林石猛、莊秋萍,2005,營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則草案之問題zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 探討,台灣本土法學雜誌,第68期(3月):37-41。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林宜賢,2007,跨國企業智慧財產權稅務與利潤之規劃,會計研究月刊,第267 zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   期(10月):110-115。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳安妮,2002,剖析智慧資本,會計研究月刊,第204期(11月):57-66。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳德豐,2008,智慧財產權的全方位價值管理策略,會計研究月刊,第263期(2zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   月):108-117。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 洪振添,2000,智慧資產之評價模式,會計研究月刊,第180期(11月):27-35。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 馬嘉應、余景仁,2005,探討我國營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則, zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   財稅研究,第三十七卷第三期(5月):90-102。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張書瑋、廖玉惠,2006,從評價到籌資的智慧藍圖,會計研究月刊,第248期(6zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   月):28-37。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 楊明珠、邱文敏,2007,智慧財產權之稅務議題,稅務旬刊,第2005期(6月):zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   38-39。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蔡朝安,2007,跨國視野下智慧財產權管理之若干法律議題,會計研究月刊,第zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   264期(11月):114-121。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 潘家涓,2006,資產無形價值有形,會計研究月刊,第252期(11月):62-66。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 蘇瓜藤,2006,無形資產之評價(下),會計研究月刊,第253期(12月):70-80。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文專書、論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華經濟研究院,2002,美、歐、日及韓等有關知識產權(智慧財產權)之鑑價zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 機構、交易市場與融資機構之研究,經濟部。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳慧玲,2003,智慧財產權評價之研究:從銀行融資的角度來探討,台北大學會zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 洪碧梅,2005,跨國企業移轉訂價之探討—以無形資產為研究範圍,逢甲大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 凌忠嫄等,2005,移轉訂價制度詳解—我國法制暨國際比較,實用稅務出版社。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 財團法人資誠教育基金會,2005,2005移轉訂價理論與實務,商周編輯顧問。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張擎天,2003,預先訂價協議適用於我國之探索性研究,中原大學會計研究所碩zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 黃伃筠,2007,權利金移轉訂價調整之法律爭議,台灣大學法律學研究所碩士論zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 游家保,2007,美國移轉訂價規範下,台灣跨國公司如何管理其移轉訂價政策之zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 研究,台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 謝銘洋,2001,智慧財產權之基礎理論,台北市:翰蘆。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 法規、函令、公報zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華民國財務會計準則公報第三十七號zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華民國所得稅法zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中華民國營利事業所得稅不合常規移轉訂價查核準則zh_TW
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