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題名 台灣代工廠商之競爭優勢與經營策略研究
作者 李繼萍
Lee, Chi Ping
貢獻者 李仁芳
Lee, Jen Fang
李繼萍
Lee, Chi Ping
關鍵詞 資訊科技
策略
競爭優勢
Information technology
strategy
competitive advantage
日期 2007
上傳時間 12-Sep-2009 12:34:27 (UTC+8)
摘要 台灣資訊科技產業發展迅速,目前已在國際中居重要地位,不論在IC封裝、測試、TFT- LCD 與光碟機的表現都是數一數二。也同時是筆記型電腦、電腦主機板、伺服器等產值全球第一的國家。然而在此亮麗的成績背後,台灣電子資訊業雖有完整的垂直分工模式與產業聚落,也累積了許多專業技術。但廠商為了擴大下單,持續壓低代工價格,導致獲利一路下滑,無法脫離「紅海競爭」。
     
     本研究探討台灣資訊科技產業代工廠目前的競爭優勢,以5家台灣IT廠商作為個案研究對象,評估可行之未來發展策略,以脫離價格競爭的紅海。研究問題如下:
     
     一、台灣資訊科技產業廠商目前擁有哪些競爭優勢?面臨哪些困難?
     二、代工廠商如何在「紅海競爭」中維持領導優勢且持續成長?
     研究發現,台灣代工廠商擁有健全的產業供應鏈與全球佈局、優秀的研發能力與人才,最重要的是具有很高的成本優勢,且生產製造效率很高。然而面臨產業競爭度高導致的殺價競爭、利潤降低的困難,規模雖然坐大,卻稀釋了核心資源的足夠深度。而代工廠商發展品牌不易,需在通路出口的投資和關鍵零件/組件的掌控多努力。
     
     研究建議,若代工廠商選擇發展品牌,就需強化國際行銷並有長久投入資源的決心。若繼續投入代工,則建議下列三個策略:a.市場滲透策略:提高協同設計的比例,增加產品開發、設計流程的速度,從OEM、ODM走向 JDM(Joint Design Manufacturing),也可更進一步整合客戶需求,提供多樣化的加值服務,並且強化全球運籌之能力,以就近支援與服務。 b. 多角化營運:憑藉著台灣廠商的研發能力與豐富的代工經驗,拓展代工產品項目,如3C、資訊家電等輕薄短小的產品,或是軍用、醫療用電子產品等。 c. 產品/服務發展策略:藉由提升研發能力、製造技術與提供全面性服務,增加與品牌廠商的合作關係。
With its fast growth rate and well-developed infrastructure, Taiwan`s IT (Information Technology) Industry holds a key position in the world. Taiwan is well known for its global leadership position in the shipments of notebook computer, desktop computer, server and mother board, but it is perhaps less recognized for its top global ranking in the production of TFT LCD displays, input devices, and IC packaging and testing. Although Taiwan`s IT Industry takes advantage of vertically integrated supply chains, years of technical experience, and manufacturing scale of economies, it is not able to differentiate itself from "Red Sea" competition and is subject to continued pricing pressure and decreasing margins.
     
     This study will explore the existing Taiwanese OEM/ODM’s competitive advantage through surveys and interviews of 5 vendors and will evaluate and develop any possible solutions or strategies for future growth and avoid from "Red Sea" pricing competition. The following questions will be addressed:
     
     1. What are the competitive advantages of Taiwan`s IT companies? What are their challenges?
     2. How can these companies sustain their competitive advantage and continue to grow in the "Red Sea"?
     
     Accordance with the study finding, Taiwan`s IT Industry established a very healthy supply chain integration. Well-trained R&D talent, highly efficient and productive manufacturing process management, and cost-driven mindsets are in place. Nevertheless, every OEM/ODM company is faced with huge margin pressure which started when the whole industry fell into a pricing cut situation. While production volumes have increased through growth and industry consolidation, it also diluted the depth of their core competence and resources. There are difficulties for OEM/ODM to develop their own brand business, not only huge investment on product development and marketing promotion but also impact to the relationship with existing customers.
     
     OEM/ODM must strengthen international marketing capability as well as channel sales strategy as a long-term investment if they want to move toward own brand business. If they chose to continue moving forward OEM/ODM business, there are three recommended strategies, which are offered in accordance with the study.
     1, Penetration – Move to JDM (Joint Design Manufacturing), alliance or partner with customers in new product development, speed up products design processes, increase manufacturability, provide integrated and value added service from production all the way up to the new product stage.
     2, Diversification – Leverage the existing scale, experience and capability to move into new markets such as 3C, medical or military products…etc.
     3, Product and service developments – Continue to develop core competences, key components strategy investment, processes innovation, W/W production and logistics management, after purchased services and RMA…etc, offer total solution to enhance the partnership with branding company.
謝辭 I
     摘要 II
     ABSTRACT III
     目錄 V
     表目錄 VII
     圖目錄 VIII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景 1
     第二節 研究目的與問題 3
     第三節 研究流程 4
     第二章 相關理論與文獻探討 5
     第一節 資訊科技(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,IT)產業 5
     第二節 競爭優勢與關鍵成功因素 15
     第三節 策略 21
     第三章 研究方法 35
     第一節 研究架構與變數說明 35
     第二節 研究方法與資料搜尋 41
     第二節 研究限制 44
     第四章 產業分析與個案彙整 45
     第一節 產業競爭力分析 45
     第二節 A公司個案 49
     第三節 B公司個案 58
     第四節 C公司個案 64
     第五節 D公司個案 72
     第六節 E公司個案 76
     第五章 個案分析 81
     第六章 結論與研究建議 94
     第一節 結論與研究心得 94
     第二節 研究貢獻與後續研究建議 104
     第七章 參考文獻 105
     附錄一 107
     附錄二 111
     附錄三 114
     附錄四 119
     附錄五 123
參考文獻 一、中文部份
司徒達賢(2001),策略管理新論–觀念架構與分析方法,智勝文化事業有限公司,第37頁。
台灣資通訊產業發展現況研究報告(2007),資策會資訊市場情報中心。
申定一(2005),全球化企業資訊策略與資訊科技商業價值探討-以筆記型電腦代工產業,國立中央大學資訊管理學系碩士在職專班論文。
吳思華 (2000),策略九說:策略思考的本質,台北市:臉譜。
李仁芳(2008),「善用異業創新甩開對手」,今週刊,第599期。
李仁芳(2008),「從『設計代工』走向『品牌製造』的兩大挑戰,理財週刊。
林芯玫(2002),我國筆記型電腦代工廠商競爭優勢之探討,東吳大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
林紹琪(2000),台灣筆記型電腦產業競爭策略研究,國立台灣大學國際企業學研究所碩士論文。
梁智昇(2005),兩岸資訊科技產業經營之效率評估,東吳大學經濟學系碩士論文。
許是祥譯(1986),企業策略管理,中華企業管理發展中心,第29頁。
黃建中(2003),專業晶圓代工廠商未來經營策略之個案研究,國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程碩士論文。
黃揚期(2005),品牌與代工的經營策略研究-以台灣筆記型電腦為案例,逢甲大學經營管理碩士在職專班研究所碩士論文。
楊應超(2008),「兩道功課:品牌+全球運籌」,數位時代雙週,七月號。
經濟部ITIS計畫報告(2004),資策會資訊市場情報中心。
蔡吉雄(2005),台灣筆記型電腦產業經營策略之研究-以華碩公司為例,東海大學管理碩士學程在職進修專班碩士論文。
二、英文部份
Aaker, D.A., 1984. Strategic Market Management, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Barney, J. B., 1991.“Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage”, Journal of Management, 17, p.99-120.
Donald Harvey, 1982. Strategic Management, Bell and Howell Company, p. 3-39.
Grant, R. M., 1991.“The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation”, California Management Review, Vol. 33(3).
Hofer, C.W. and D.E. Schendel, 1979. Strategic Management: A New View of Business Policy and Planning, New York: Little, Brown and Co.
M. E. Porter, 1980. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, New York: Free Press.
William F. Glueck, 1976. Business Policy: Strategy Formulation and Management Action, 2nd ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, p. 87.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
93932912
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093932912
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 李仁芳zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Jen Fangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李繼萍zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lee, Chi Pingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 李繼萍zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lee, Chi Pingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 12-Sep-2009 12:34:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 12-Sep-2009 12:34:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 12-Sep-2009 12:34:27 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093932912en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/30641-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93932912zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 台灣資訊科技產業發展迅速,目前已在國際中居重要地位,不論在IC封裝、測試、TFT- LCD 與光碟機的表現都是數一數二。也同時是筆記型電腦、電腦主機板、伺服器等產值全球第一的國家。然而在此亮麗的成績背後,台灣電子資訊業雖有完整的垂直分工模式與產業聚落,也累積了許多專業技術。但廠商為了擴大下單,持續壓低代工價格,導致獲利一路下滑,無法脫離「紅海競爭」。
     
     本研究探討台灣資訊科技產業代工廠目前的競爭優勢,以5家台灣IT廠商作為個案研究對象,評估可行之未來發展策略,以脫離價格競爭的紅海。研究問題如下:
     
     一、台灣資訊科技產業廠商目前擁有哪些競爭優勢?面臨哪些困難?
     二、代工廠商如何在「紅海競爭」中維持領導優勢且持續成長?
     研究發現,台灣代工廠商擁有健全的產業供應鏈與全球佈局、優秀的研發能力與人才,最重要的是具有很高的成本優勢,且生產製造效率很高。然而面臨產業競爭度高導致的殺價競爭、利潤降低的困難,規模雖然坐大,卻稀釋了核心資源的足夠深度。而代工廠商發展品牌不易,需在通路出口的投資和關鍵零件/組件的掌控多努力。
     
     研究建議,若代工廠商選擇發展品牌,就需強化國際行銷並有長久投入資源的決心。若繼續投入代工,則建議下列三個策略:a.市場滲透策略:提高協同設計的比例,增加產品開發、設計流程的速度,從OEM、ODM走向 JDM(Joint Design Manufacturing),也可更進一步整合客戶需求,提供多樣化的加值服務,並且強化全球運籌之能力,以就近支援與服務。 b. 多角化營運:憑藉著台灣廠商的研發能力與豐富的代工經驗,拓展代工產品項目,如3C、資訊家電等輕薄短小的產品,或是軍用、醫療用電子產品等。 c. 產品/服務發展策略:藉由提升研發能力、製造技術與提供全面性服務,增加與品牌廠商的合作關係。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) With its fast growth rate and well-developed infrastructure, Taiwan`s IT (Information Technology) Industry holds a key position in the world. Taiwan is well known for its global leadership position in the shipments of notebook computer, desktop computer, server and mother board, but it is perhaps less recognized for its top global ranking in the production of TFT LCD displays, input devices, and IC packaging and testing. Although Taiwan`s IT Industry takes advantage of vertically integrated supply chains, years of technical experience, and manufacturing scale of economies, it is not able to differentiate itself from "Red Sea" competition and is subject to continued pricing pressure and decreasing margins.
     
     This study will explore the existing Taiwanese OEM/ODM’s competitive advantage through surveys and interviews of 5 vendors and will evaluate and develop any possible solutions or strategies for future growth and avoid from "Red Sea" pricing competition. The following questions will be addressed:
     
     1. What are the competitive advantages of Taiwan`s IT companies? What are their challenges?
     2. How can these companies sustain their competitive advantage and continue to grow in the "Red Sea"?
     
     Accordance with the study finding, Taiwan`s IT Industry established a very healthy supply chain integration. Well-trained R&D talent, highly efficient and productive manufacturing process management, and cost-driven mindsets are in place. Nevertheless, every OEM/ODM company is faced with huge margin pressure which started when the whole industry fell into a pricing cut situation. While production volumes have increased through growth and industry consolidation, it also diluted the depth of their core competence and resources. There are difficulties for OEM/ODM to develop their own brand business, not only huge investment on product development and marketing promotion but also impact to the relationship with existing customers.
     
     OEM/ODM must strengthen international marketing capability as well as channel sales strategy as a long-term investment if they want to move toward own brand business. If they chose to continue moving forward OEM/ODM business, there are three recommended strategies, which are offered in accordance with the study.
     1, Penetration – Move to JDM (Joint Design Manufacturing), alliance or partner with customers in new product development, speed up products design processes, increase manufacturability, provide integrated and value added service from production all the way up to the new product stage.
     2, Diversification – Leverage the existing scale, experience and capability to move into new markets such as 3C, medical or military products…etc.
     3, Product and service developments – Continue to develop core competences, key components strategy investment, processes innovation, W/W production and logistics management, after purchased services and RMA…etc, offer total solution to enhance the partnership with branding company.
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 謝辭 I
     摘要 II
     ABSTRACT III
     目錄 V
     表目錄 VII
     圖目錄 VIII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景 1
     第二節 研究目的與問題 3
     第三節 研究流程 4
     第二章 相關理論與文獻探討 5
     第一節 資訊科技(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,IT)產業 5
     第二節 競爭優勢與關鍵成功因素 15
     第三節 策略 21
     第三章 研究方法 35
     第一節 研究架構與變數說明 35
     第二節 研究方法與資料搜尋 41
     第二節 研究限制 44
     第四章 產業分析與個案彙整 45
     第一節 產業競爭力分析 45
     第二節 A公司個案 49
     第三節 B公司個案 58
     第四節 C公司個案 64
     第五節 D公司個案 72
     第六節 E公司個案 76
     第五章 個案分析 81
     第六章 結論與研究建議 94
     第一節 結論與研究心得 94
     第二節 研究貢獻與後續研究建議 104
     第七章 參考文獻 105
     附錄一 107
     附錄二 111
     附錄三 114
     附錄四 119
     附錄五 123
-
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭 I
     摘要 II
     ABSTRACT III
     目錄 V
     表目錄 VII
     圖目錄 VIII
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景 1
     第二節 研究目的與問題 3
     第三節 研究流程 4
     第二章 相關理論與文獻探討 5
     第一節 資訊科技(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,IT)產業 5
     第二節 競爭優勢與關鍵成功因素 15
     第三節 策略 21
     第三章 研究方法 35
     第一節 研究架構與變數說明 35
     第二節 研究方法與資料搜尋 41
     第二節 研究限制 44
     第四章 產業分析與個案彙整 45
     第一節 產業競爭力分析 45
     第二節 A公司個案 49
     第三節 B公司個案 58
     第四節 C公司個案 64
     第五節 D公司個案 72
     第六節 E公司個案 76
     第五章 個案分析 81
     第六章 結論與研究建議 94
     第一節 結論與研究心得 94
     第二節 研究貢獻與後續研究建議 104
     第七章 參考文獻 105
     附錄一 107
     附錄二 111
     附錄三 114
     附錄四 119
     附錄五 123
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093932912en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊科技zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 策略zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 競爭優勢zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Information technologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) strategyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) competitive advantageen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣代工廠商之競爭優勢與經營策略研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 司徒達賢(2001),策略管理新論–觀念架構與分析方法,智勝文化事業有限公司,第37頁。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 台灣資通訊產業發展現況研究報告(2007),資策會資訊市場情報中心。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 申定一(2005),全球化企業資訊策略與資訊科技商業價值探討-以筆記型電腦代工產業,國立中央大學資訊管理學系碩士在職專班論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 吳思華 (2000),策略九說:策略思考的本質,台北市:臉譜。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李仁芳(2008),「善用異業創新甩開對手」,今週刊,第599期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 李仁芳(2008),「從『設計代工』走向『品牌製造』的兩大挑戰,理財週刊。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林芯玫(2002),我國筆記型電腦代工廠商競爭優勢之探討,東吳大學企業管理學系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林紹琪(2000),台灣筆記型電腦產業競爭策略研究,國立台灣大學國際企業學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 梁智昇(2005),兩岸資訊科技產業經營之效率評估,東吳大學經濟學系碩士論文。zh_TW
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