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題名 台灣基金規模經濟之實證探討
An Empirical Analysis of Economies of Scale in Taiwan’s Mutual Funds
作者 陳彥安
Chen, Yan-An
貢獻者 杜化宇
Tu, Hwa-Yue
陳彥安
Chen, Yan-An
關鍵詞 共同基金
規模經濟
Mutual funds
Economies of scale
日期 2007
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 09:03:31 (UTC+8)
摘要 藉由觀察台灣共同基金的費用與規模,探討台灣的共同基金是否存在規模經濟的現象,實證結果發現,個別基金的費用與規模之間,並無顯著的規模經濟;而基金家族底下的總資產在台幣四千到七千萬時,有顯著的規模經濟現象;透過logit模型,發現基金成立的年限、報酬、以及標準差對基金的規模經濟都有顯著的正面影響;採用Fixed-effect模型,基金成立的年限及報酬,仍對基金的規模經濟都有顯著的正面影響。
All mutual funds typically pay their regular and recurring, fund-wide operating expenses out of fund assets, rather than by imposing separate fees and charges on investors. Investors using performance evaluation as a selection criterion may be misleading due to the volatility of investment returns. It is obscured to identify whether the fund’s performance is because of the superior return or just good luck. However, mutual fund expenses are stable and can be used as an assessment of the variation in efficiency levels across various mutual fund size groupings when we took the individual mutual funds or mutual fund families as the unit of investigation. This study uncovers that no significant differences exist across individual mutual fund size categories. By utilizing the family dollar size as the base unit of analysis, the result is similar. But there are distinctions in the analysis of mutual fund-specific elasticities when the fund family size is between NT$40-70 million dollars. However, mutual fund-specific elasticities are revealed to differ in a statically significant level across mutual fund investment objective categories. By applying the logistic regression, the results indicate that age, return, and standard deviation have statistically significant positive effects on the economies of scale. By applying the fixed-effect model and making the intercepts vary with various mutual funds family, our results are stable and consistent. Mutual funds’ age or return demonstrates positive effect on the scale of economies.
參考文獻 Berkowitz, Michael K. and Yehuda Kotowitz, (2002) “Managerial quality and the structure of management expenses in the US mutual fund industry”, International Review of Economies and Finance, 11, 315-330.
Collins, S. and P. Mack, (1997) “The Optimal Amount of Assets under Management in the Mutual Fund Industry”, Financial Analysts Journal, 53, 67-73.
Dellva, Wilfred L. and Olson, Gerard T. (1998) “The relationship between mutual fund fees and expenses and their effects on performance”, Financial Review, 33, 85-104.
Dowen, Richard J. and Mann, Thomas (2004) “Mutual fund performance, management behavior, and investor costs”, Financial Services Review, 13, 79-91.
Dukes, William P., Philip C. English II and Davis, Sean M. (2006) “Mutual Fund Mortality, 12b-1 Fees, and the Net Expense Ratio”, The Journal of Financial Research, 29, 235–252.
Ferris, Stephen P. and D. Chance, (1987) “The Effect of 12b-1 Plans on Mutual Fund Expense Ratios: A Note”, The Journal of Finance, 42, 1077-1082.
Gao, X. , Livingston, M. and O’Neal Edward S. (2006) “The Sources of Economies of Scale for Actively Managed Domestic Equity Mutual Fund Fees”, Working paper, Florida University.
Hooks, Jon A. (1996) “The Effect of Loads and Expenses on Open-End Mutual Fund Returns”, Journal of Business Research, 36, 199-202.
Khorana, A . , Servaes , H . and Tufano, P . (2005) “Explaining the size of the mutual fund industry around the world”, Journal of Financial Economics, 78, 145-185.
LaPlante, M., (2001) “Influences and Trends in Mutual Fund Expense Ratios”, Journal of Financial Research, 24, 45-63.
Latzko, David A. (1999) ”Economies of Scale in Mutual Fund Administration”, Journal of Financial Research, 22, 331-339.
Latzko, David A. (2002) “Mutual Fund Expenses”, Working paper, Pennsylvania State University, York Campus.
Livingston, M. and E. O’Neal., (1996) “Mutual fund brokerage commissions”, Journal of Financial Research, 19, 273-292.
Livingston, M. and E. O’Neal., (1998) “The cost of mutual fund sales fees”, Journal of Financial Research, 21, 205-218.
Malhotra, D. K. and Robert W. Mcleod (1997) “An Empirical Analysis of Mutual Fund Expenses”, Journal of Financial Research, 20, 175-190.
Malhotra, D. K. , Martin, R. and Robert W. Mcleod (2003) “Investment Selection and Open- and Closed-End Bond Fund Expenses”, Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 9, 42-64.
Mark, M. Carhart (1997) “On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance”, The Journal of Finance, 52, 57-82.
Martin, R., Malhotra, D. K. and McLeod, Robert W. (2001) “A Comparative Analysis of the Expense Ratios of Domestic and International Open-End and Closed-End Equity Funds”, Financial Counseling and Planning Education, 12, 61-72.
McDonald, John G. (1974) “Objectives and Performance of Mutual Funds, 1960-1969”, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 9, 311-332.
Mcleod, Robert and D.K. Malhotra, (1994) “A Re-examination of the Effect of 12b-1 Planes on Mutual Fund Expense Ratios”, Journal of Financial Research, 231-240.
Rao, S. P. U. (2001) “Economic Impact of Distribution Fees on Mutual Funds”, American Business Review, 19, 1-5.
Sharpe, William F. (1966) “Mutual Fund Performance”, The Journal of Business, 39, 119-138.
Shawky, Hany A. and Liuling Li (2006) “Optimal Asset Size for US Small-cap Equity Mutual Funds”, Journal of Investing, 1-22.
Zera ,Stephen P. and Madura, Jeff (2001) “The empirical relationship between mutual fund size and operational efficiency” Applied Financial Economics, 11, 243-251.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
95357031
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095357031
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 杜化宇zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Tu, Hwa-Yueen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳彥安zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Yan-Anen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳彥安zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Yan-Anen_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 09:03:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 09:03:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 09:03:31 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095357031en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31012-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95357031zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 藉由觀察台灣共同基金的費用與規模,探討台灣的共同基金是否存在規模經濟的現象,實證結果發現,個別基金的費用與規模之間,並無顯著的規模經濟;而基金家族底下的總資產在台幣四千到七千萬時,有顯著的規模經濟現象;透過logit模型,發現基金成立的年限、報酬、以及標準差對基金的規模經濟都有顯著的正面影響;採用Fixed-effect模型,基金成立的年限及報酬,仍對基金的規模經濟都有顯著的正面影響。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) All mutual funds typically pay their regular and recurring, fund-wide operating expenses out of fund assets, rather than by imposing separate fees and charges on investors. Investors using performance evaluation as a selection criterion may be misleading due to the volatility of investment returns. It is obscured to identify whether the fund’s performance is because of the superior return or just good luck. However, mutual fund expenses are stable and can be used as an assessment of the variation in efficiency levels across various mutual fund size groupings when we took the individual mutual funds or mutual fund families as the unit of investigation. This study uncovers that no significant differences exist across individual mutual fund size categories. By utilizing the family dollar size as the base unit of analysis, the result is similar. But there are distinctions in the analysis of mutual fund-specific elasticities when the fund family size is between NT$40-70 million dollars. However, mutual fund-specific elasticities are revealed to differ in a statically significant level across mutual fund investment objective categories. By applying the logistic regression, the results indicate that age, return, and standard deviation have statistically significant positive effects on the economies of scale. By applying the fixed-effect model and making the intercepts vary with various mutual funds family, our results are stable and consistent. Mutual funds’ age or return demonstrates positive effect on the scale of economies.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract I
     CONTENTS II
     LIST OF FIGURES III
     LIST OF TABLES IV
     
     Chapter 1 Introduction 1
     1.1 Background 1
     1.2 Motivations of this study 10
     Chapter 2 Literature Review 12
     2.1 Prior Evidence on Load versus Distribution Fees 16
     2.2 Previous Studies Summary 18
     Chapter 3 Data and Sample Characteristics 21
     3.1 Definition of scale economies 23
     Chapter 4 Specification Analysis and Results 24
     4.1 ESEs and individual fund size 26
     4.2 ESEs and the family size of individual funds 28
     4.3 ESEs and fund family dollar size 30
     4.4 ESEs and investment objective 32
     4.5 Fund-specific ESEs 34
     4.6 The logistic regression model 36
     Chapter 5 Summary and Conclusions 45
     REFERENCES 47
     Appendix All Mutual Funds’ Name in Sample 50
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095357031en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 共同基金zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 規模經濟zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mutual fundsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Economies of scaleen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣基金規模經濟之實證探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) An Empirical Analysis of Economies of Scale in Taiwan’s Mutual Fundsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Berkowitz, Michael K. and Yehuda Kotowitz, (2002) “Managerial quality and the structure of management expenses in the US mutual fund industry”, International Review of Economies and Finance, 11, 315-330.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Collins, S. and P. Mack, (1997) “The Optimal Amount of Assets under Management in the Mutual Fund Industry”, Financial Analysts Journal, 53, 67-73.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dellva, Wilfred L. and Olson, Gerard T. (1998) “The relationship between mutual fund fees and expenses and their effects on performance”, Financial Review, 33, 85-104.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dowen, Richard J. and Mann, Thomas (2004) “Mutual fund performance, management behavior, and investor costs”, Financial Services Review, 13, 79-91.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dukes, William P., Philip C. English II and Davis, Sean M. (2006) “Mutual Fund Mortality, 12b-1 Fees, and the Net Expense Ratio”, The Journal of Financial Research, 29, 235–252.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ferris, Stephen P. and D. Chance, (1987) “The Effect of 12b-1 Plans on Mutual Fund Expense Ratios: A Note”, The Journal of Finance, 42, 1077-1082.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gao, X. , Livingston, M. and O’Neal Edward S. (2006) “The Sources of Economies of Scale for Actively Managed Domestic Equity Mutual Fund Fees”, Working paper, Florida University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hooks, Jon A. (1996) “The Effect of Loads and Expenses on Open-End Mutual Fund Returns”, Journal of Business Research, 36, 199-202.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Khorana, A . , Servaes , H . and Tufano, P . (2005) “Explaining the size of the mutual fund industry around the world”, Journal of Financial Economics, 78, 145-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) LaPlante, M., (2001) “Influences and Trends in Mutual Fund Expense Ratios”, Journal of Financial Research, 24, 45-63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Latzko, David A. (1999) ”Economies of Scale in Mutual Fund Administration”, Journal of Financial Research, 22, 331-339.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Latzko, David A. (2002) “Mutual Fund Expenses”, Working paper, Pennsylvania State University, York Campus.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Livingston, M. and E. O’Neal., (1996) “Mutual fund brokerage commissions”, Journal of Financial Research, 19, 273-292.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Livingston, M. and E. O’Neal., (1998) “The cost of mutual fund sales fees”, Journal of Financial Research, 21, 205-218.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Malhotra, D. K. and Robert W. Mcleod (1997) “An Empirical Analysis of Mutual Fund Expenses”, Journal of Financial Research, 20, 175-190.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Malhotra, D. K. , Martin, R. and Robert W. Mcleod (2003) “Investment Selection and Open- and Closed-End Bond Fund Expenses”, Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 9, 42-64.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mark, M. Carhart (1997) “On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance”, The Journal of Finance, 52, 57-82.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Martin, R., Malhotra, D. K. and McLeod, Robert W. (2001) “A Comparative Analysis of the Expense Ratios of Domestic and International Open-End and Closed-End Equity Funds”, Financial Counseling and Planning Education, 12, 61-72.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McDonald, John G. (1974) “Objectives and Performance of Mutual Funds, 1960-1969”, The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 9, 311-332.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mcleod, Robert and D.K. Malhotra, (1994) “A Re-examination of the Effect of 12b-1 Planes on Mutual Fund Expense Ratios”, Journal of Financial Research, 231-240.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rao, S. P. U. (2001) “Economic Impact of Distribution Fees on Mutual Funds”, American Business Review, 19, 1-5.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sharpe, William F. (1966) “Mutual Fund Performance”, The Journal of Business, 39, 119-138.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shawky, Hany A. and Liuling Li (2006) “Optimal Asset Size for US Small-cap Equity Mutual Funds”, Journal of Investing, 1-22.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zera ,Stephen P. and Madura, Jeff (2001) “The empirical relationship between mutual fund size and operational efficiency” Applied Financial Economics, 11, 243-251.zh_TW