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題名 企業進行購併與其公司規模關係
作者 朱淳銘
貢獻者 顏錫銘
朱淳銘
關鍵詞 購併
宣告效果
公司規模
Acquisition
announcement effect
firm size
日期 2004
上傳時間 14-九月-2009 09:05:45 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究搜集研究期間為1989-2005年2月的購併樣本,將主併公司按市值區分大小後,發現大公司在事件窗口(-30,10)有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率(Cumulative Abcdrmal Return;CAR),大公司在上市市場上,在金融證券業及其他產業下都有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率;大公司顯著有較高的現金比例、營運現金流量比例、Tobin’s Q和較低的帳面對市場價值比,在除去金融證券業樣本後,負債比率顯著小於小公司;集團購併、當被併公司為上市櫃、及以股票為支付方式時,大公司也都有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率;大公司購併時的相對規模顯著小於小公司。迴歸結果中,公司規模之替代變數皆顯著和累積異常報酬成負向關係。股票支付方式其累積異常報酬也顯著低於現金支付方式。Tobin’s Q的係數則顯著為正。在產業部份,金融證券業和其他產業相較之下,在宣佈購併時會得到市場較正面的反應。企業併購法的修訂實行對迴歸式並未造成結構性的改變。
After collecting the acquisition samples of bidding firms from 1989 to February 2005 and differentiate their sizes, we found large firms have significant negative CAR (Cumulative Abcdrmal Return) in the windows of (-30,10). Large firms have significant negative CAR in public market, financial and security industry, and other industries. Large firms have higher ratio of cash/book assets, operating cash flow/book assets, Tobin’s Q and lower B/M ratio. They also have lower debt ratio after removing the samples in financial and security industry. Large firms also have significant negative CAR when they are conglomerates, the targets of theirs are public companies, or when they use equity as the method of payment. The relative size of large firms is much smaller than that of small firms. In the result of regression, the proxy of firm size has negative relation with CAR. Using equity as the method of payment has lower announcement return than cash. Tobin’s Q has a positive coefficient. Financial and security industry can get more positive responses from investors than other industries. Finally, the revised edition of Business Mergers and Acquisitions Act which has been brought into force on May, 5, 2004 does not cause structural changes in the regression models.
參考文獻 英文部分
Alberts, W.W., “The Profitability of Growth by Merger,” in W.W. Alberts and J.E. Segall, eds., The Corporate Merger, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1966.
Amihud, Y. and B. Lev.,1981,“Risk Reduction as a Managerial Motive for Conglomerate merger,” Bell Journal of Economics,12, 605-17.
Andrade, G., M. Mitchell and E. Stafford, 2001, “New evidence and perspectives of mergers,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, 103-20.
Asquith, P., R. Bruner and D. Mullins, 1983, “The gains to bidding firms from merger,” Journal of Financial Economics, 11, 121-39.
Brown, Stephen J. and Jerold B. Warner, 1980, “Measuring Security Price Performance,” Journal of Financial Economics, 8, 205-58.
Chang, S., 1998, “Takeovers of privately held target, method of payment, and bidder returns,” Journal of Finance, 53, 773-84.
Dong, M., D. Hirshleifer, S. Richardson and S.H. Teoh, 2002, “Does investor misevaluation drive the takeover market?” Working paper, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Fama, E.F. and K. French, 1992, “The cross-section of expected stock returns,” Journal of Finance, 47, 427-65.
Fama,E.F, L.Fisher, M.Jensen and R.Roll, 1969, “The Adjustment of Stock Price to new Information,” International Economic Review,10, 1-21.
Fuller, K., J. Netter and M. Stegemoller, 2002, “What do returns to acquiring firms tell us? Evidence from firms that make manay acquisitions,” Journal of Finance, 57, 1763-94.
Grossman, S. and O. Hart, 1980, “Takeover bids, the free rider problem and the theory of the corporation,” Bell Journal of Economics, 10, 20-32.
Harford, J., 1999, “Corporate cash reserves and acquisitions,” Journal of Finance, 54 (6), 1969-97.
Hertzel, M.G. and R.L. Smith, 1993, “Market discounts and shareholder gains for placing equity privately,” Journal of Finance, 48, 459-85.
Hilliard J. E. and R. Savickas, 2002, “On the Statistical Significance of Event Effects on Unsystematic Volatility,” Journal of Financial Research, 25, 447-62.
Jensen, M.C., 1986, “Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers,” American Economic Review, 76, 323-29.
Jovanovic, B. and S. Braguinsky, 2002, “Bidder discounts and target premia in takeovers,” NBER Working Paper x9009, NBER, Cambridge, MA.
Kaplan, S. and M.S. Weisbach, 1992, “The success of acquisitions: evidence from divestitures,” Journal of Finance, 47 (1), 107-38.
Kiymaz, Halil, 2004, “Cross-border acquisitions of U.S. financial institution: impact of macroeconomic factors,” Journal of Banking & Finance, 28, 1413-39.
Lang, L.H.P., R.M. Stulz and R.A. Walking, 1991, “A test of the free cash flow hypothesis: the case of bidder returns,” Journal of Financial Economics, 29, 315-36.
Maloney, M.T., R.E. McCormick and M.L. Mitchell, 1993, “Managerial decision making and capital structure,” Journal of Business, 66, 189-217.
McCardle, K.F. and S. Viswanathan, 1994, “The direct entry versus takeover decision and stock price performance around takeovers,” Journal of Business 67, 1–43.
Mitchell, M., T. Pulvino and E. Stafford, 2004, “Price pressure around mergers,” Journal of Finance, 59, 31-63.
Moeller, Sara B., Frederik P. Schlingemann, and R. M. Stulz, 2004, “Firm size and the gains from acquisitions,” Journal of Financial Economics, 73, 201-28.
Mohanram P. and A. Nanda, 1996, “When do joint ventures creat value,” Academy of Management Proceedings
Morck, R., A. Shleifer and R.W. Vishny, 1990, “Do managerial objectives drive bad acquisitions?” Journal of Finance 45, 31-48.
Myers, S.C. and N.S. Majluf, 1984, “Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have,” Journal of Financial Economics, 13, 187–221.
Roll, R., 1986, “The hubris hypothesis of corporate takeovers,” Journal of Business, 59, 197–216.
Schlingemann, Frederik P., Rene M. Stulz and R.A. Walking, 2002, “Divestitures and the liquidity of the market for corporate assets,” Journal of Financial Economics, 64, 117-44.
Schwert, G.W., 2000, “Hostility in takeovers: in the eyes of the beholders?” Journal of Finance, 55, 2599-2640.
Servaes, H., 1991, “Tobin’s Q and the gains from takeovers,” Journal of Finance 46, 409-19.
Shleifer, A. and R.W. Vishny, 2003, “Stock market driven acquisition,” Journal of Financial Economics, 70, 295-311.
Stulz, R. M., 1990, “Managerial discretion and optimal financing policies,” Journal of Financial Economics, 26, 3-28.
Travlos, N.G., 1987, “Corporate takeover bids, method of payment, and bidding firm’s stock returns,” Journal of Finance, 52, 943-63.
Wruck, Karen H., 1989, “Equity ownership concentration and firm value: Evidence from private equity financing,” Journal of Financial Economics,23, 3-28.
Zingales, L., 1995, “Insider ownership and the decision to go public,” Review of Economic Studies, 62, 425-48.
中文部分
古御呈,民國92年,“國內上市上櫃電子公司併購宣告對股價影響之研究”,實踐大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
沈中華、李建然,民國89年,“事件研究法─財務與會計實證研究必備”,台北:華泰文化事業公司。
沈建良,民國89年,“上市公司購併宣告對股價影響之研究-以電子業及食品業為例”, 國立政治大學企業管理學所碩士論文。
林喜淳,民國90年,“購併宣告對股價的影響之研究-資訊電子為例”,國立政治大學企業管理學所碩士論文。
林正偉,民國93年,“購併宣告之異常報酬分析”, 南華大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
洪宏達,民國92年,“購併活動對主併公司經營績效之影響–以臺灣上市公司為例”,國立中山大學財務管理學系研究所碩士論文。
孫梅瑞,民國89年,“國內上市公司從事公司購併活動對經營績效影響之研究”,國立政治大學企業管理學所博士論文。
孫梅瑞、陳隆麒,民國91年,“台灣地區上市公司從事購併活動對經營績效影響之研究”,中山管理評論,第十卷第一期,155-184。
翁霓、杜曉君,民國93年,“主併公司特質及購併型態對股東財富影響之研究-以台灣上市公司為例”,東吳經濟商學學報,第四十四期,55-80。
連育德,民國91年,“購併支付方式對股價行為之影響”, 國立中正大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
陳匯中,民國84年,“上市公司購併宣告對股東財富影響之研究”,國立政治大學企業管理學所碩士論文。
陳美樺,民國89年,“企業購併合併決策之分析 以聯電五合一為例”,國立政治大學財務管理所碩士論文。
陳鴻林,民國91年,“相關與非相關產業購併之研究-動機、股東財富、支付方式”,國立政治大學財務管理所碩士論文。
陳弘榮,民國92年,“企業購併支付方式的決定因素與股價反應”,國立中正大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
陳琦□,民國93年,“台灣上市公司購併宣告對股價影響之研究”,長庚大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
郭湘吟,民國92年,“金融控股公司合併消息宣告效果之研究”,貨幣觀測信用評等,65-77。
曾品玉,民國90年, “從代理問題探討購併行為及其相關研究-以上市公司為例”,輔仁大學管理學研究所碩士論文。
彭素君,民國93年,“購併活動對主併公司影響之實證研究-以我國證券業為例”,台灣銀行季刊第五十五卷第一期,286-305。
羅明敏,民國86年,“台灣企業海內外購併宣告對主併公司股東財富影響之實證研究”,朝陽大學財務金融所碩士論文。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財務管理研究所
92357028
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0923570281
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 顏錫銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) 朱淳銘zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 朱淳銘zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-九月-2009 09:05:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-九月-2009 09:05:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-九月-2009 09:05:45 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0923570281en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31030-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財務管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92357028zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究搜集研究期間為1989-2005年2月的購併樣本,將主併公司按市值區分大小後,發現大公司在事件窗口(-30,10)有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率(Cumulative Abcdrmal Return;CAR),大公司在上市市場上,在金融證券業及其他產業下都有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率;大公司顯著有較高的現金比例、營運現金流量比例、Tobin’s Q和較低的帳面對市場價值比,在除去金融證券業樣本後,負債比率顯著小於小公司;集團購併、當被併公司為上市櫃、及以股票為支付方式時,大公司也都有顯著負向的累積異常報酬率;大公司購併時的相對規模顯著小於小公司。迴歸結果中,公司規模之替代變數皆顯著和累積異常報酬成負向關係。股票支付方式其累積異常報酬也顯著低於現金支付方式。Tobin’s Q的係數則顯著為正。在產業部份,金融證券業和其他產業相較之下,在宣佈購併時會得到市場較正面的反應。企業併購法的修訂實行對迴歸式並未造成結構性的改變。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) After collecting the acquisition samples of bidding firms from 1989 to February 2005 and differentiate their sizes, we found large firms have significant negative CAR (Cumulative Abcdrmal Return) in the windows of (-30,10). Large firms have significant negative CAR in public market, financial and security industry, and other industries. Large firms have higher ratio of cash/book assets, operating cash flow/book assets, Tobin’s Q and lower B/M ratio. They also have lower debt ratio after removing the samples in financial and security industry. Large firms also have significant negative CAR when they are conglomerates, the targets of theirs are public companies, or when they use equity as the method of payment. The relative size of large firms is much smaller than that of small firms. In the result of regression, the proxy of firm size has negative relation with CAR. Using equity as the method of payment has lower announcement return than cash. Tobin’s Q has a positive coefficient. Financial and security industry can get more positive responses from investors than other industries. Finally, the revised edition of Business Mergers and Acquisitions Act which has been brought into force on May, 5, 2004 does not cause structural changes in the regression models.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 謝辭 i
     摘要 iii
     Abstract iv
     目 錄 v
     圖次 vii
     表次 viii
     表次 viii
     第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究背景 1
     第二節 研究動機 2
     第三節 研究目的 4
     第四節 研究流程 5
     第二章 文獻探討 7
     第一節 國內文獻 7
     第二節 國外文獻 12
     第三章 研究設計 15
     第一節 研究架構及假說 15
     第二節 變數定義 18
     第三節 資料處理 20
     第四節 研究方法 23
     第四章 實證結果與分析 30
     第一節 規模效果的檢定 30
     第二節 不同交易市場及不同產業的區別 32
     第三節 主併公司財務狀況 34
     第四節 購併型態 38
     第五節 支付方式 40
     第六節 被併公司類型 42
     第七節 迴歸分析 44
     第八節 企業併購法的修訂 48
     第五章 結論、研究限制與建議 49
     第一節 結論 49
     第二節 研究限制與建議 51
     參考文獻 52
     附錄 58
     
     
     圖次
     圖1-1 研究流程圖 6
     圖4-1 大小公司與不同支付方式的CAR 40
     圖4-2 被併公司類型與CAR關係圖 42
     圖4-3 七家金控之外資總投資比例 46
     附圖一 大小公司平均異常報酬 58
     附圖二 全部樣本公司的平均異常報酬 58
     附圖三 大小公司平均累積異常報酬 59
     附圖四 全部樣本公司的平均累積異常報酬 59
     
     表次
     表3-1 各年購併樣本數 21
     表4-1 累積異常報酬率與以元為單位的累積異常報酬 30
     表4-2 將樣本區分為大公司上市上櫃及小公司上市上櫃之CAR檢定 32
     表4-3 以產業別區分購併公司樣本CAR。 (其他產業包括傳統產業、運輸業、營造業、百貨業及其他類) 33
     表4-4 大小主併公司各項財務比率之比較,及各產業別的財務比率(其他產業包括傳統產業、運輸業、營造業、百貨業及其他類) 35
     表4-5 除去11家金融證券業樣本之後的大小公司負債比率檢定 37
     表4-6 將樣本分為集團與非集團 (以中華徵信所出版的台灣地區集團企業研究為分類依據) 38
     表4-7主併公司交易金額、交易金額/帳面資產、交易金額/權益市值之檢定 39
     表4-8 大小主併公司使用不同支付方式的CAR檢定 41
     表4-9 將被併公司類型分為上市櫃、非上市櫃、及其他(指國外公司和廠房) 43
     表4-10 迴歸結果 45
     表4-11 本國銀行逾放比、ROE、ROA 47
     表4-12 法令修訂是否產生結構性改變 48
     附表一 事件窗口(-30,10)之平均異常報酬與平均累積異常報酬 60
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0923570281en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 購併zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 宣告效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公司規模zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Acquisitionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) announcement effecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) firm sizeen_US
dc.title (題名) 企業進行購併與其公司規模關係zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alberts, W.W., “The Profitability of Growth by Merger,” in W.W. Alberts and J.E. Segall, eds., The Corporate Merger, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1966.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Amihud, Y. and B. Lev.,1981,“Risk Reduction as a Managerial Motive for Conglomerate merger,” Bell Journal of Economics,12, 605-17.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Andrade, G., M. Mitchell and E. Stafford, 2001, “New evidence and perspectives of mergers,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, 103-20.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Asquith, P., R. Bruner and D. Mullins, 1983, “The gains to bidding firms from merger,” Journal of Financial Economics, 11, 121-39.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brown, Stephen J. and Jerold B. Warner, 1980, “Measuring Security Price Performance,” Journal of Financial Economics, 8, 205-58.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chang, S., 1998, “Takeovers of privately held target, method of payment, and bidder returns,” Journal of Finance, 53, 773-84.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dong, M., D. Hirshleifer, S. Richardson and S.H. Teoh, 2002, “Does investor misevaluation drive the takeover market?” Working paper, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fama, E.F. and K. French, 1992, “The cross-section of expected stock returns,” Journal of Finance, 47, 427-65.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fama,E.F, L.Fisher, M.Jensen and R.Roll, 1969, “The Adjustment of Stock Price to new Information,” International Economic Review,10, 1-21.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fuller, K., J. Netter and M. Stegemoller, 2002, “What do returns to acquiring firms tell us? Evidence from firms that make manay acquisitions,” Journal of Finance, 57, 1763-94.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grossman, S. and O. Hart, 1980, “Takeover bids, the free rider problem and the theory of the corporation,” Bell Journal of Economics, 10, 20-32.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Harford, J., 1999, “Corporate cash reserves and acquisitions,” Journal of Finance, 54 (6), 1969-97.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hertzel, M.G. and R.L. Smith, 1993, “Market discounts and shareholder gains for placing equity privately,” Journal of Finance, 48, 459-85.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hilliard J. E. and R. Savickas, 2002, “On the Statistical Significance of Event Effects on Unsystematic Volatility,” Journal of Financial Research, 25, 447-62.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jensen, M.C., 1986, “Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers,” American Economic Review, 76, 323-29.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jovanovic, B. and S. Braguinsky, 2002, “Bidder discounts and target premia in takeovers,” NBER Working Paper x9009, NBER, Cambridge, MA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kaplan, S. and M.S. Weisbach, 1992, “The success of acquisitions: evidence from divestitures,” Journal of Finance, 47 (1), 107-38.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kiymaz, Halil, 2004, “Cross-border acquisitions of U.S. financial institution: impact of macroeconomic factors,” Journal of Banking & Finance, 28, 1413-39.zh_TW
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