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題名 網站隱私權政策分析－以台灣網站為例
網站隱私權政策分析－以台灣網站為例
作者 李俊磊
Li , Chun-Lei
貢獻者 湯宗益
李俊磊
Li , Chun-Lei
關鍵詞 網站
網站
個人資訊
個人資訊
公平資訊實施
公平資訊實施
隱私權政策
隱私權政策
Website
Website
Personal Information
Personal Information
Fair Information Practice
Fair Information Practice
Privacy Policy
Privacy Policy
日期 2003
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 09:12:14 (UTC+8)
摘要 個人資料的資料流（Data Flows）在網路上的擴散，造成對個人隱私權的威脅，逐漸已經成為社會大眾所關注的議題。在過去幾年中，網站逐漸被要求制定相關的規範以符合大眾的期待。然而，隨著網際網路環境的快速變遷，網站的規範是否提供適當的個人隱私權保護，將會成為社會大眾持續討論的問題。
      部分的網站已經滿足隱私權到某種程度。這些網站開始採用一些普遍性的實作。在某些程度上，這些實作依循由隱私權規範創立者所推動的公平資訊實施原則（Fair Information Practice Principle）（FTC，1998a）。
      本研究根據文獻探討提及的公平資訊實施原則：告知（notice）、選擇（choice）、存取（access）、與安全（security），對個人使用者感興趣的台灣地區網站進行網站隱私權政策分析與調查研究，探討其對個人隱私揭露的程度。
      研究結果指出，樣本中84.1%的網站收集至少一種形式的個人識別資訊（例如：姓名，e-mail address，郵政地址），72.3%收集至少一種形式的人口統計學資訊（例如：性別，喜好，郵遞區號），71.8%的網站兩者接收集，而15.4%的網站兩者皆不收集。隱私揭露方面，67.7%（390個樣本中的264個）刊載至少一種形式的隱私揭露（一個隱私權政策的告示或是一個資訊實施聲明），50.5%這兩種形式的隱私揭露都刊載，有32.3%個網站這兩種形式的隱私揭露皆不刊載。觀察隱私揭露反映公平資訊實施的程度，在264個有收集個人資訊與刊載隱私揭露的網站中，92.8%包含至少一種關於（告知）的調查項目，70.8%包含至少一種關於（選擇）的調查項目，80.7%包含至少一種關於（存取）的調查項目，43.9%包含至少一種關於（安全）的調查項目，以及26.9%包含關於（聯絡資訊）的調查項目。
      在本研究中，看待這些網站樣本所得出的結果，應特別注意那些較不滿足公平資訊實施原則的部分，包括對Cookies使用的告知、告知關於外界第三者的相關資訊、選擇、安全以及聯絡資訊等部份所表現出來的結果，而實際上所有台灣網站所表現出的結果，很可能比本研究所得出的結果來得更為不理想，網站若要更能滿足使用者對隱私權保護的期待，就必須更正視這些部份的隱私揭露保護。
      資料的收集與使用對網路環境的發展影響甚鉅，網站營運者在思考如何使資料的利用最大化時，必須兼顧使用者的隱私權。唯有在合理，相互尊重的架構下，才能替彼此創造出長遠的利益。本研究的結果希望能對台灣在檢討、發展、建立符合台灣環境及與世界接軌的網路隱私權保護環境上，作出些許的貢獻。
The spreading of personal data flows over the Internet has threatened many online individuals’ privacy, which also becomes a noticeable topic among the society. For the past few years, there were norms applied to websites in order to protect online users’ privacy. However, could norms provide proper protections along with the rapid improvement of Internet technology? This topic will remain among society’s discussion.
      Some websites provide certain amount of protections by using popular practices. On a certain level, these practices follow the Fair Information Practice Principle that was supported by the Privacy Norm Entrepreneurs (FTC, 1998).
      This research is based on the four main elements of Fair Information Practice Principle: Notice, Choice, Access, and Security. The thesis concentrates on analyzing and researching the privacy policy about privacy disclosure provided by websites that were directed and interested to individual user within Taiwan.
      Based on the result of this research, 84.1% of the sampled websites collected at least one type of personal identifying information (e.g. name, e-mail address, postal address). 72.3% of the sampled websites collected at least one type of demographic information (e.g. gender, preferences, Zip code). 71.8% of the websites collected both types of personal information, and 15.4% collected neither type of personal information. As for privacy disclosure, 67.7% of the websites (264 out of 390 sampled websites) provided at least one type of privacy disclosures (a privacy policy notice or an information practice statement). 50.5% of the websites provided both types of disclosures; and 32.3% of the websites provided none of the above. By studying the researched websites along with the Fair Information Practice Principle, Of the 264 websites that collected personal information and posted a privacy disclosure, 92.8% included at least one survey item for notice, 70.8% contained at least one survey item for choice, 80.7% contained at least one survey item for access, 43.9% contained at least one survey item for security, and 26.9% contained at least one survey item for contact information.
      While studying the research result, it is important to concentrate on the websites that did not follow the Fair Information Practice Principle. The result includes websites’ notice of Cookies usage, and providing third party related information, choice, security, and contact information, etc. However, the result in reality could be a lot worse than the research result. In order to fulfill online users’ anticipation, websites should pay more attention on privacy policy of these parts.
      Colleting and using users’data influence the development of online environment greatly. Web owners should consider their customers’ privacy rights while trying to capitalize customers’ information. The only way to generate long and stable benefit for both provider and user is with respect. Hopefully the result of this research will contribute some amount of consideration and development of privacy protection that works for websites and users in Taiwan.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
91356032
92
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091356032
http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091356032
資料類型 thesis
thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 湯宗益zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 李俊磊zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Li , Chun-Leien_US
dc.creator (作者) 李俊磊zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Li , Chun-Leien_US
dc.date (日期) 2003en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 09:12:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 09:12:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 09:12:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0091356032en_US
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0091356032en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31073-
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31073-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91356032zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 個人資料的資料流（Data Flows）在網路上的擴散，造成對個人隱私權的威脅，逐漸已經成為社會大眾所關注的議題。在過去幾年中，網站逐漸被要求制定相關的規範以符合大眾的期待。然而，隨著網際網路環境的快速變遷，網站的規範是否提供適當的個人隱私權保護，將會成為社會大眾持續討論的問題。
      部分的網站已經滿足隱私權到某種程度。這些網站開始採用一些普遍性的實作。在某些程度上，這些實作依循由隱私權規範創立者所推動的公平資訊實施原則（Fair Information Practice Principle）（FTC，1998a）。
      本研究根據文獻探討提及的公平資訊實施原則：告知（notice）、選擇（choice）、存取（access）、與安全（security），對個人使用者感興趣的台灣地區網站進行網站隱私權政策分析與調查研究，探討其對個人隱私揭露的程度。
      研究結果指出，樣本中84.1%的網站收集至少一種形式的個人識別資訊（例如：姓名，e-mail address，郵政地址），72.3%收集至少一種形式的人口統計學資訊（例如：性別，喜好，郵遞區號），71.8%的網站兩者接收集，而15.4%的網站兩者皆不收集。隱私揭露方面，67.7%（390個樣本中的264個）刊載至少一種形式的隱私揭露（一個隱私權政策的告示或是一個資訊實施聲明），50.5%這兩種形式的隱私揭露都刊載，有32.3%個網站這兩種形式的隱私揭露皆不刊載。觀察隱私揭露反映公平資訊實施的程度，在264個有收集個人資訊與刊載隱私揭露的網站中，92.8%包含至少一種關於（告知）的調查項目，70.8%包含至少一種關於（選擇）的調查項目，80.7%包含至少一種關於（存取）的調查項目，43.9%包含至少一種關於（安全）的調查項目，以及26.9%包含關於（聯絡資訊）的調查項目。
      在本研究中，看待這些網站樣本所得出的結果，應特別注意那些較不滿足公平資訊實施原則的部分，包括對Cookies使用的告知、告知關於外界第三者的相關資訊、選擇、安全以及聯絡資訊等部份所表現出來的結果，而實際上所有台灣網站所表現出的結果，很可能比本研究所得出的結果來得更為不理想，網站若要更能滿足使用者對隱私權保護的期待，就必須更正視這些部份的隱私揭露保護。
      資料的收集與使用對網路環境的發展影響甚鉅，網站營運者在思考如何使資料的利用最大化時，必須兼顧使用者的隱私權。唯有在合理，相互尊重的架構下，才能替彼此創造出長遠的利益。本研究的結果希望能對台灣在檢討、發展、建立符合台灣環境及與世界接軌的網路隱私權保護環境上，作出些許的貢獻。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The spreading of personal data flows over the Internet has threatened many online individuals’ privacy, which also becomes a noticeable topic among the society. For the past few years, there were norms applied to websites in order to protect online users’ privacy. However, could norms provide proper protections along with the rapid improvement of Internet technology? This topic will remain among society’s discussion.
      Some websites provide certain amount of protections by using popular practices. On a certain level, these practices follow the Fair Information Practice Principle that was supported by the Privacy Norm Entrepreneurs (FTC, 1998).
      This research is based on the four main elements of Fair Information Practice Principle: Notice, Choice, Access, and Security. The thesis concentrates on analyzing and researching the privacy policy about privacy disclosure provided by websites that were directed and interested to individual user within Taiwan.
      Based on the result of this research, 84.1% of the sampled websites collected at least one type of personal identifying information (e.g. name, e-mail address, postal address). 72.3% of the sampled websites collected at least one type of demographic information (e.g. gender, preferences, Zip code). 71.8% of the websites collected both types of personal information, and 15.4% collected neither type of personal information. As for privacy disclosure, 67.7% of the websites (264 out of 390 sampled websites) provided at least one type of privacy disclosures (a privacy policy notice or an information practice statement). 50.5% of the websites provided both types of disclosures; and 32.3% of the websites provided none of the above. By studying the researched websites along with the Fair Information Practice Principle, Of the 264 websites that collected personal information and posted a privacy disclosure, 92.8% included at least one survey item for notice, 70.8% contained at least one survey item for choice, 80.7% contained at least one survey item for access, 43.9% contained at least one survey item for security, and 26.9% contained at least one survey item for contact information.
      While studying the research result, it is important to concentrate on the websites that did not follow the Fair Information Practice Principle. The result includes websites’ notice of Cookies usage, and providing third party related information, choice, security, and contact information, etc. However, the result in reality could be a lot worse than the research result. In order to fulfill online users’ anticipation, websites should pay more attention on privacy policy of these parts.
      Colleting and using users’data influence the development of online environment greatly. Web owners should consider their customers’ privacy rights while trying to capitalize customers’ information. The only way to generate long and stable benefit for both provider and user is with respect. Hopefully the result of this research will contribute some amount of consideration and development of privacy protection that works for websites and users in Taiwan.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………………………1
      第一節 研究動機…………………………………………………………1
      第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………………3
      第三節 研究範圍…………………………………………………………4
      第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………………5
      第五節 研究流程與論文架構……………………………………………6
     
     第二章 文獻探討 …………………………………………………………8
      第一節 個人資料的商業價值 …………………………………………8
      第二節 隱私權的發展…………………………………………………17
      第三節 網站隱私權政策………………………………………………28
      第四節 對網路資訊隱私權的關注－以美國社會為例………………38
     
     第三章 研究方法 …………………………………………………………45
      第一節 研究架構………………………………………………………45
      第二節 樣本選擇與蒐集………………………………………………49
      第三節 問卷設計………………………………………………………50
      第四節 調查工作………………………………………………………53
     
     第四章 研究結果 …………………………………………………………54
      第一節 網站調查結果…………………………………………………54
      第二節 調查結果比較…………………………………………………84
     
     第五章 討論與建議 ………………………………………………………94
      第一節 研究討論 ……………………………………………………94
      第二節 研究貢獻與建議 …………………………………………100
     
     參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………102
     附錄一 研究問卷 ………………………………………………………108
     附錄二 問卷執行基本原則 ……………………………………………112
     附錄三 調查樣本（有效樣本網站名單） …………………………116		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………………………1
      第一節 研究動機…………………………………………………………1
      第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………………3
      第三節 研究範圍…………………………………………………………4
      第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………………5
      第五節 研究流程與論文架構……………………………………………6
     
     第二章 文獻探討 …………………………………………………………8
      第一節 個人資料的商業價值 …………………………………………8
      第二節 隱私權的發展…………………………………………………17
      第三節 網站隱私權政策………………………………………………28
      第四節 對網路資訊隱私權的關注－以美國社會為例………………38
     
     第三章 研究方法 …………………………………………………………45
      第一節 研究架構………………………………………………………45
      第二節 樣本選擇與蒐集………………………………………………49
      第三節 問卷設計………………………………………………………50
      第四節 調查工作………………………………………………………53
     
     第四章 研究結果 …………………………………………………………54
      第一節 網站調查結果…………………………………………………54
      第二節 調查結果比較…………………………………………………84
     
     第五章 討論與建議 ………………………………………………………94
      第一節 研究討論 ……………………………………………………94
      第二節 研究貢獻與建議 …………………………………………100
     
     參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………102
     附錄一 研究問卷 ………………………………………………………108
     附錄二 問卷執行基本原則 ……………………………………………112
     附錄三 調查樣本（有效樣本網站名單） …………………………116		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091356032en_US
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091356032en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網站zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 網站zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 個人資訊zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 個人資訊zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公平資訊實施zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 公平資訊實施zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 隱私權政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 隱私權政策zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Websiteen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Websiteen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Personal Informationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Personal Informationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fair Information Practiceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fair Information Practiceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Privacy Policyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Privacy Policyen_US
dc.title (題名) 網站隱私權政策分析－以台灣網站為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 網站隱私權政策分析－以台灣網站為例zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王郁琦（1996），「網路上的隱私權問題」，資訊法務透析，1996年10月號。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 王郁琦（1996），「網路上的隱私權問題」，資訊法務透析，1996年10月號。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 尤英夫（1997），「新聞媒體與隱私權」，現代國家與憲法一李鴻禧教授六伕華誕祝壽論文集，台北：月旦。zh_TW
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