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題名 我國國際物流未來發展之研究
作者 方念德
Fang,Nien Te
貢獻者 周宣光
Chou,Shrang Kuang
方念德
Fang,Nien Te
關鍵詞 國際物流
第三方物流
第四方物流
供應鏈
通關自動化
日期 2004
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 09:12:34 (UTC+8)
摘要 面對國際貿易環境全球化,國內企業經營發展策略與目標已經從本土拓展到全球。目前許多國際大型企業(例如HP、DELL)在勞動與土地成本較低廉之東南亞與大陸等地選擇供應商進行全球採購,或將生產基地移至當地,再將採購之產品銷往母國或行銷至全球市場。而扮演供應商的台灣企業將營運總部與設計等部門留在台灣,因此跨國生產所需的原物料、到成品配送之物流控管相當重要。
     
      台灣為發展「全球運籌中心」近年來進出口原物料與成品改用航空貨運或快遞做全球物流配送愈來愈多,為增加廠商全球競爭力的提升,海關實施縮短通關時程之簡化制度稱之空運簡易報關制度,對全方位物流運輸服務業者UPS、DHL、FEDEX在快遞專區使用其通關作業更為簡便與無紙化,無疑對本土國際物流業者造成更大生存威脅與競爭壓力。台灣的國際物流業者規模小而且過多,在彼此激烈競爭下,顯少業者對服務功能的擴大、資訊化的服務、專業人才的培育做積極投資來提升服務品質。
     
      國際物流業者面對企業需求不斷的增加,多數業者只是想辦法應付客戶現狀要求,少數業者能提供更多的物流服務。由於物流涵蓋業務與範圍廣大,以我國國際物流業者的體質來看,惟有物流業界的水平整合或垂直整合,加上資訊科技化,才能滿足趨勢需求,才能有競爭力。整合的解決方案為何,由誰來整合最有機會與條件,本論文將以國外物流產業發展方向及國內國際物流產業的分析,找出我國國際物流業者的未來發展,是否可以發展出我國的第四方物流為研究的課題。
     
      目前國外國際物流的發展現況與趨勢,對我國國際物流的發展影響,以及我國製造產業大量外移中國大陸、高科技產業對供應鏈整合服務的需求,業者如何提出完整的物流服務架構,我國國際物流業者能否發展成為第四方物流,以此第四方物流共同服務兩岸三地市場。故本研究之目的要探討在國際貿易全球化的趨勢下,國際物流的發展方向為何,對我國物流產業的影響分析及探討我國第四方物流讀未來規劃。
Taiwan enterprises have shifted their business strategy and goal from the domestic to the global market in order to adapt themselves to the globalization trend. Today, multinational corporations such as HP and DELL either set up their purchase center at South East Asia or/and China to locate their suppliers, or they move their manufacturing plant to those areas where labor cost and land cost are relatively cheaper. These MNCs later ship the products they purchase or produce in low cost areas to their headquarters or global marketplace. As for Taiwanese enterprises who play the role as the suppliers in this global value chain, since their headquarters and R&D centers are normally located in Taiwan while they need to ship the raw materials and finished goods to overseas, the logistics management becomes a critical issue.
     
      In aim to become the ‘global logistics center’, airfreight or courier express is used by the enterprises for global delivery in greater scale in the recent years. At the same time, Taiwan Customs has simplified the customs clearance procedures which they named it ‘Simplified Clearance for Express Consignment’ to shorten the cargo clearance time and facilitate the paperless customs clearance for courier express service providers like UPS, DHL and FEDEX. This beneficial act to the big courier express players creates stronger competition and threat to the local global logistics service providers who are the majority in the marketplace but with smaller company size. Even though under the severe competition, Taiwan local logistics service providers didn’t expand their service, nor enhance their management information system, nor cultivate professional staff to improve the service quality.
     
      Facing the unceasing requirements from the enterprises, global logistics service providers are merely struggling to fulfill the present needs of the customs, few of them can provide additional logistics services. Since the service and business scope of logistics industry is very wide; and given the constitution of Taiwanese global logistics service providers, the only solution to improve the competitiveness of Taiwan global logistics industry is to integrate the logistics industry both vertically and horizontally with the support of the information technology. This paper will discuss the integration solution and the best candidate to integrate the logistics industry. Based on the study of the development trend of the logistics industry in foreign countries and the local logistics industry analysis, this paper will discuss the future development of Taiwan global logistics service providers and explore the possibility of developing forth-party logistics in Taiwan.
     
      Observing the current status and the development trend of the foreign global logistics industry, as well as the strong needs to integrate the supply chain for local high-tech industry, this paper will present the architecture of the logistics service in aim to develop into forth-party logistics to serve the cross-strait market.
參考文獻 英文部分:
1.Cooper, Donald R. & Emory, C. William, “Business Research Methods”, Richard D, Irwin, Inc. 1995.
2.Cyrus F. Friedheim, “The Trillion-Dollar Enterprise.”, Cribb-wang-chen, Inc., 1996.
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13.Michael A. Hitt, R. Duane Ireland, & Robert E. Hoskisson., “Strategic Management(2nd)”, 1996.
14.Muller, E. J., “The top guns of third party logistics”, Distribution, March, 1993.
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16.Port, Maritime and Logistics Development Unit Economic Development and Labour Bureau The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Study for the Development of a Digital Trade and Transportation Network (DTTN) System to Support the Development of Hong Kong as an International Logistics Hub, Final Report, November 2002.
17.Porter M.E. & Fuller M.B., “Competition in Global Industries”, New York: Lexington Books, 1986.
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19.Prahald, C. K. and Hamel, G., “The Core Competence of the Corporation”, Harvard Business Review, vol.68, No.3, pp.71-91., 1989.
20.Sierra, C.M., “Managing Global Alliance-Key steps for Successful Collaboration”, New York: Wesley Publishing Company, 1995.
中文部分:
1.工研院經資中心,台灣物流年鑑,國際物流業者經營現況,2003年11月。
2.王信博,專業物流在企業全球運籌管理之定位與影響之探討,大業大學事業經營研究所,2003年2月。
3.王德忠、黃昭棋、陳英一,RFID發展趨勢與EPC應用現況,2004年。
4.台北市電腦公會,台灣物流運籌產業建立全球競爭力之策略模式,2003年7月。
5.司徒賢達,「中小企業之策略聯盟」,經濟情勢暨評論季刊,1996年第二卷第三期。
6.交通部航政司,航港電子資料交換(EDI)應用推廣計畫,1999年。
7.利豐研究中心,供應鏈管理:利豐集團的實踐經驗(附四個哈佛商學院的利豐案例),2003年九月。
8.吳思華,策略九說:策略思考的本質,台北市:臉譜出版,三版2003年8月。
9.吳青松,「本國產業策略聯盟結構與績效評估」,1991年產業科技發展管理研討會論文集。
10.吳青松,「策略聯盟之國際發展趨勢」,經濟情勢暨評論季刊,1996年第二卷第三期。
11.林文寶,環境不確定性、企業文化差異、策略聯盟類型與策略聯盟績效關係之研究,商管科技季刊,第二卷第二期pp.157-179,2001。
12.林立千、張雅富,供應鏈管理之資訊系統架構探討,物流技術與戰略,Page:62-72,2001年6月。
13.陳玗玎,亞太物流中心資訊建設規劃之研究,政治大學資訊管理研究所,1997年7月。
14.陳鴻瀛,海關通關實物,2002年8月修訂十四版。
15.張宏源,解構媒體環境變遷與報業發展趨勢,台北:亞太圖書出版,1999年。
16.游曉芸,大陸台商策略聯盟類型決定因素之研究—以電機電子業實證,中原大學企業管理系,2003年6月。
17.經濟部國貿局,貿易便捷化整體規劃書,2004年。
18.楊淑華,策略管理,第二版,台中:滄海書局,1999年。(原書Michael A. Hitt, R. Duane Ireland, & Robert E. Hoskisson., Strategic Management(2nd), 1996.)。
19.廖啟川,入口網站策劃聯盟模式之探討以台灣奇摩(kimo.com)為例,中山大學管理學院,2001年。
20.蔡正揚、許政郎,「運用策略聯盟促進技術引進之研究」,1991年中華民國科技管理研討會論文集。
21.鄧詩韻,網際網路服務供應商(ISP)運用策略聯盟之研究,台灣師範大學大眾傳播研究所,2003年12月。
22.賴杉桂,「台灣地區商業物流發展課題與因應策略之探討」,經濟情勢暨評論季刊,1996年第二卷第一期。
23.譚天,策略聯盟-聯盟將使全球商務改頭換面,台北:智庫文化,2000年。(原書 Cyrus F. Friedheim, The Trillion-Dollar Enterprise., Cribb-wang-chen, Inc., 1996.)
網站部分:
1.Accenture, http://www.accenture.com, 搜尋日期:2004年8月11日
2.Andersen Consulting Alliance Survey, http://www.strategic-alliances.org, 搜尋日期:2004年11月8日
3.CLM, The Council of Logistics Management, USA, http://www.clm1.org/website/aboutCLM/Definitions/definitions.asp,搜尋日期:2004年8月15日
4.Descartes,http://www.descartes.com, 搜尋日期:2003年2月9日
5.Holland International Distribution Council, http://www.hidc.nl, 搜尋日期:2004年8月13日
6.GT Nexus,http://www.gtnexus.com, 搜尋日期:2004年10月5日
7.Supply Chain Council, http://www.supply-chain.org/public/faq.asp, 搜尋日期:2004年8月9日
8.UPS,http://www.ups.com, 搜尋日期:2004年7月8日
9.中華民國物流協會網站,http://www.talm.org.tw/default.asp,搜尋日期:2004年8月15日。
10.中國大物流網網站,http://www.all56.com/,搜尋日期:2004年8月15日。
11.台灣全球運籌發展協會網站,http://www.glct.org.tw/07-Page01.asp,搜尋日期:2004年8月15日。
12.財政部關稅總局網站,http://www.glct.org.tw/07-Page01.asp,搜尋日期:2004年8月15日。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
91932610
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091932610
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 周宣光zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chou,Shrang Kuangen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 方念德zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Fang,Nien Teen_US
dc.creator (作者) 方念德zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Fang,Nien Teen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 09:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 09:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 09:12:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0091932610en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31076-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 資訊管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91932610zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 面對國際貿易環境全球化,國內企業經營發展策略與目標已經從本土拓展到全球。目前許多國際大型企業(例如HP、DELL)在勞動與土地成本較低廉之東南亞與大陸等地選擇供應商進行全球採購,或將生產基地移至當地,再將採購之產品銷往母國或行銷至全球市場。而扮演供應商的台灣企業將營運總部與設計等部門留在台灣,因此跨國生產所需的原物料、到成品配送之物流控管相當重要。
     
      台灣為發展「全球運籌中心」近年來進出口原物料與成品改用航空貨運或快遞做全球物流配送愈來愈多,為增加廠商全球競爭力的提升,海關實施縮短通關時程之簡化制度稱之空運簡易報關制度,對全方位物流運輸服務業者UPS、DHL、FEDEX在快遞專區使用其通關作業更為簡便與無紙化,無疑對本土國際物流業者造成更大生存威脅與競爭壓力。台灣的國際物流業者規模小而且過多,在彼此激烈競爭下,顯少業者對服務功能的擴大、資訊化的服務、專業人才的培育做積極投資來提升服務品質。
     
      國際物流業者面對企業需求不斷的增加,多數業者只是想辦法應付客戶現狀要求,少數業者能提供更多的物流服務。由於物流涵蓋業務與範圍廣大,以我國國際物流業者的體質來看,惟有物流業界的水平整合或垂直整合,加上資訊科技化,才能滿足趨勢需求,才能有競爭力。整合的解決方案為何,由誰來整合最有機會與條件,本論文將以國外物流產業發展方向及國內國際物流產業的分析,找出我國國際物流業者的未來發展,是否可以發展出我國的第四方物流為研究的課題。
     
      目前國外國際物流的發展現況與趨勢,對我國國際物流的發展影響,以及我國製造產業大量外移中國大陸、高科技產業對供應鏈整合服務的需求,業者如何提出完整的物流服務架構,我國國際物流業者能否發展成為第四方物流,以此第四方物流共同服務兩岸三地市場。故本研究之目的要探討在國際貿易全球化的趨勢下,國際物流的發展方向為何,對我國物流產業的影響分析及探討我國第四方物流讀未來規劃。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwan enterprises have shifted their business strategy and goal from the domestic to the global market in order to adapt themselves to the globalization trend. Today, multinational corporations such as HP and DELL either set up their purchase center at South East Asia or/and China to locate their suppliers, or they move their manufacturing plant to those areas where labor cost and land cost are relatively cheaper. These MNCs later ship the products they purchase or produce in low cost areas to their headquarters or global marketplace. As for Taiwanese enterprises who play the role as the suppliers in this global value chain, since their headquarters and R&D centers are normally located in Taiwan while they need to ship the raw materials and finished goods to overseas, the logistics management becomes a critical issue.
     
      In aim to become the ‘global logistics center’, airfreight or courier express is used by the enterprises for global delivery in greater scale in the recent years. At the same time, Taiwan Customs has simplified the customs clearance procedures which they named it ‘Simplified Clearance for Express Consignment’ to shorten the cargo clearance time and facilitate the paperless customs clearance for courier express service providers like UPS, DHL and FEDEX. This beneficial act to the big courier express players creates stronger competition and threat to the local global logistics service providers who are the majority in the marketplace but with smaller company size. Even though under the severe competition, Taiwan local logistics service providers didn’t expand their service, nor enhance their management information system, nor cultivate professional staff to improve the service quality.
     
      Facing the unceasing requirements from the enterprises, global logistics service providers are merely struggling to fulfill the present needs of the customs, few of them can provide additional logistics services. Since the service and business scope of logistics industry is very wide; and given the constitution of Taiwanese global logistics service providers, the only solution to improve the competitiveness of Taiwan global logistics industry is to integrate the logistics industry both vertically and horizontally with the support of the information technology. This paper will discuss the integration solution and the best candidate to integrate the logistics industry. Based on the study of the development trend of the logistics industry in foreign countries and the local logistics industry analysis, this paper will discuss the future development of Taiwan global logistics service providers and explore the possibility of developing forth-party logistics in Taiwan.
     
      Observing the current status and the development trend of the foreign global logistics industry, as well as the strong needs to integrate the supply chain for local high-tech industry, this paper will present the architecture of the logistics service in aim to develop into forth-party logistics to serve the cross-strait market.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章  緒論 1
     第一節  研究背景與動機 1
     第二節  研究目的與範圍 2
     第三節  研究步驟 3
     第四節  研究限制 4
     
     第二章  文獻探討 5
     第一節  國際貿易與物流 5
     壹、物流的由來 5
     貳、國際貿易流程說明 7
     參、國際物流與業者 10
     第二節  第三方物流 12
     第三節  第四方物流 16
     第四節  物流相關活動解說 21
     壹、通關自動化 22
     貳、供應鏈管理 26
     參、策略聯盟 28
     
     第三章  境外國際物流未來發展趨勢分析 31
     第一節  北美地區第三方物流發展分析 31
     第二節  北美地區第四方物流之案例 37
     壹、UPS案例 37
     貳、Descartes案例 43
     參、GT Nexus案例 47
     肆、綜合整理 51
     第三節  亞洲地區國際物流產業發展分析 52
     壹、新加坡 52
     貳、香港 55
     參、中國大陸 58
     肆、各國比較分析及建議 60
     伍、第四方物流-英和國際物流公司案例 62
     
     第四章  我國國際物流分析與未來發展之規劃 71
     第一節  我國國際物流產業的發展分析 71
     壹、我國國際物流產業結構 71
     貳、產業的資訊化程度 73
     參、政府政策 76
     肆、我國國際物流產業的優劣點分析 77
     第二節 我國國際物流業者的未來發展 78
     第三節  近期資訊技術的發展方向 82
     壹、即時效能的重要性及新技術-RFID 83
     貳、國際安全政策新規定 87
     第四節  第四方物流的規劃 88
     壹、資訊系統的解決方案 88
     貳、策略聯盟的可行方案 90
     
     第五章  結論與建議 94
     第一節  結論 94
     第二節  建議 95
     
     參考文獻 97
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091932610en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國際物流zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三方物流zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第四方物流zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 供應鏈zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 通關自動化zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 我國國際物流未來發展之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分:zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 網站部分:zh_TW
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