| dc.contributor.advisor | 廖四郎 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Liao,Szu-Lang | en_US |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 黃星華 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | Huang,Hsing-Hua | en_US |
| dc.creator (作者) | 黃星華 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | Huang,Hsing-Hua | en_US |
| dc.date (日期) | 2005 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 14-Sep-2009 09:32:43 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 14-Sep-2009 09:32:43 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 14-Sep-2009 09:32:43 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0903525022 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31213 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 博士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 金融研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 90352502 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 94 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | This dissertation includes three essays, which investigate contingent claims pricing subject to credit risk based on the structural approach and analyze associated issues of corporate finance. The first essay develops and examines a partial equilibrium model to investigate the effects of macroeconomic condition and firm-level productivity shocks on the determination of optimal debt ratio. The model extends the contingent-claims models of the firm`s capital structure by incorporating both the industry demand and firm-level supply factors into the firm`s earnings and unlevered asset value. Our model predicts that the optimal debt ratio is negatively correlated to the macroeconomic conditions and the firm-level productivity. Furthermore, the theoretical implications are totally supported by the pooled feasible generalized least squares estimation with 311 Taiwanese listed manufacturing firms` quarterly data over the period from 1994 to 2003. The differences between the high-tech electronics and other manufacturing firms are also investigated, and particularly the high-tech firms are not tied up with the macroeconomic conditions while the others are. The second essay presents a contingent claim valuation of a callable convertible bond with the issuer`s credit risk. The optimal call, voluntary conversion and bankruptcy strategies are jointly determined by shareholders and bondholders to maximize the equity value and the bond value, respectively. Our model not only incorporates tax benefits, bankruptcy costs, refunding costs and a call notice period, but also takes account of the issuer`s debt size and structure. The numerical results show that the predicted optimal call policies are generally consistent with recent empirical findings; therefore calling convertible bonds too late or too early can be rational. The third essay provides a closed-form valuation formula for the Black-Scholes options subject to interest rate risk and credit risk. Not only does our model allow for the possible default of the option issuer prior to the option`s maturity, but also considers the correlations among the option issuer`s total asset, the underlying stock, and the default-free zero coupon bond. We further tailor-make a specific credit-linked option for hedging the default risk of the option issuer. The numerical results show that the default risk of the option issuer significantly reduces the option values, and the vulnerable option values may be remarkably overestimated in the case where the default can occur only at the maturity of the option. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Table of Contents ii Acknowledgement iv List of Tables v List of Figures vi Abstract vii Essay One: Effects of Macroeconomic Conditions and Firm-Level Productivity on Optimal Capital Structure: Theory and Evidence 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 The Model 3 1.2.1 Macroeconomic Condition and Firm-Level Productivity Shocks 4 1.2.2 The Dynamics of the Firm’s Unlevered Asset Value 6 1.2.3 The Firm’s Optimal Capital Structure 8 1.3 Theoretical Implications 11 1.3.1 Effect of Macroeconomic Conditions 12 1.3.2 Effect of Firm-Level Productivity 13 1.4 Empirical Evidence 14 1.4.1 Data and Empirical Specification 14 1.4.2 Estimation Results 18 1.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks 19 Appendix 1A 21 Appendix 1B 22 Essay Two: Valuation and Optimal Strategies of Convertible Bonds 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Valuation Framework 33 2.3 Valuation and Optimal Strategies of a Non-Callable Convertible Bonds 38 2.4 Valuation and Optimal Strategies of a Call-Forcing Convertible Bonds 42 2.5 Valuation and Optimal Strategies of a Callable Convertible Bonds 45 2.6 Numerical Analysis 51 2.6.1 Comparative Static Analysis 55 2.6.2 Remarks 56 2.7 Conclusion 57 Appendix 2A 59 Essay Three: Pricing Black-Scholes Options with Correlated Interest Rate Risk and Credit Risk: An Extension 3.1 Introduction 63 3.2 The Valuation Framework 65 3.3 Valuing Vulnerable Options with Stochastic Interest Rates 70 3.4 Numerical Examples 80 3.5 Extensions 85 3.6 Concluding Remarks 87 Appendix 3A 89 Appendix 3B 91 Bibliography 101 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0903525022 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Contingent Claims Analysis | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Credit Risk | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Convertible Bonds | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Optimal Capital Structure | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Structural Model | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | Vulnerable Options | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | Essays on Contingent Claims Pricing Subject to Credit Risk | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | 信用風險下或有求償權之評價 | zh_TW |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [1]Altintig, Z.A. and A.W. Butler, 2005, Are they still called late? The effect of notice period on calls of convertible bonds, Journal of Corporate Finance 11, 337-350. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [2]Ammann, M., 2001, Credit risk valuation: methods, models, and applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [3]Anderson, R. and S. Sundaresan, 1996, Design and valuation of debt contracts, Review of Financial Studies 9, 37-68. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [4]Asquith, P. and D.W. Mullins, 1991, Convertible debt: Corporate call policy and voluntary conversion, Journal of Finance 46, 1273-1289. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [5]Asquith, P., 1995, Convertible bonds are not called late, Journal of Finance 50, 1275-1289. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [6]Athanassakos, G. and P. Carayannopoulos, 2001, An empirical analysis of the relationship of bond yield spreads and macroeconomic factors, Applied Financial Economics 11, 197-207. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [7]Ayache, E., P.A. Forsyth and K.R. Vetzal, 2003, The valuation of convertible bonds with credit risk, Journal of Derivatives 11(Fall), 9-29. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [8]Banerjee, A., 1999, Panel data unit roots and cointegration: An overview, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 61, 607-629. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [9]Basu, S. and J.G. Fernald, 1997, Returns to scale in U.S. production: Estimates and implications, Journal of Political Economy 105, 249-283. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [10]Beck, N. and J.N. Katz, 1996, Nuisance vs. substance: Specifying and estimating time-series-cross-section models, Political Analysis 6, 1-36. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [11]Black, F. and J. Cox, 1976, Valuing corporate securities: some effects of bond indenture provisions, Journal of Finance 31, 351-367. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [12]Black, F., and M. Scholes, 1973, The pricing of options and corporate liabilities, Journal of Political Economy 81, 637-654. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [13]Breitung, J. and M.H. Pesaran, 2005, Unit roots and cointegration in panels, Working Paper, Cambridge University. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [14]Brennan, M. and E. Schwartz, 1977, Convertible bonds: Valuation and optimal strategies for call and conversion, Journal of Finance 32, 1699-1715. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [15]Brennan, M. and E. Schwartz, 1978, Corporate income tax, valuation, and the problem of optimal capital structure, Journal of Business 51, 103-114. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [16]Brennan, M. and E. Schwartz, 1980, Analyzing convertible bonds, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 15, 907-929. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [17]Brennan, M. and E. Schwartz, 1984, Optimal financial policy and firm valuation, Journal of Finance 39, 593-607. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [18]Briys, E. and F. de Varenne, 1997, Valuing risky fixed rate debt: An extension, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 32, 239-248. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [19]Bulter, A.W., 2002, Revisiting optimal call policy for convertibles, Financial Analysts Journal 58, 50-55. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [20]Campbell, C.J., L.H. Ederington and P. Vankudre, 1991, Tax shields, sample- selection bias, and the information content of conversion-forcing bond calls, Journal of Finance 46, 1291-1324. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [21]Chen, L.H. and G.J. Jiang, 2001, The determinants of Dutch capital structure choice, Working Paper, Finance Department, Eller College of Business & Public Administration, University of Arizona. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [22]Cowan, A.R., N. Nayar and A.K. Singh, 1993, Calls of out-of-the-money convertible bonds, Financial Management 22 (winter), 106-116. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [23]Constantinides, G.M., 1984, Warrant exercise and bond conversion in competitive markets, Journal of Financial Economics 13, 371-397. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [24]Duffie, D. and K. Singleton, 1997, An econometric model of the term structure of interest rate swap yields, Journal of Finance 52, 1287-1321. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [25]Duffie, D. and K. Singleton, 1999, Modeling term structures of defaultable bonds, Reviews of Financial Studies 12, 687-720. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [26]Duffie, D. and K. Singleton, 2003, Credit risk: pricing, measurement, and management, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [27]Ederington, L., G. Gaton and C. Campbell, 1997, To call or not call convertible debt, Financial Management 26, 22-31. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [28]Fama, E.F. and K.R. French, 2002, Testing tradeoff and pecking order predictions about dividends and debt, Reviews of Financial Studies 15, 1-33. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [29]Geman, J., N. El Karoui and J.C. Rochet, 1995, Changes of numeraire, changes of probability measures and pricing of options, Journal of Applied Probability 32, 443-458. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [30]Goldstein, R., N. Ju and H. Leland, 2001, An EBIT-based model of dynamic capital structure, Journal of Business 74, 483-512. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [31]Hackbarth, D., J. Miao and E. Morellec, 2004, Capital structure, credit risk, and macroeconomic conditions, Working paper, Department of Economics, Boston University. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [32]Harrison, J.M. and D.M. Kreps, 1979, Martingales and arbitrage in multiperiod securities markets, Journal of Economic Theory 20, 381-408. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [33]Harrison, J.M. and S.R. Pliska, 1981, Martingales and stochastic integrals in the theory of continuous trading. Stochastic Processes and Their Applications 11, 215-260. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [34]Harrison, J.M., 1985, Brownian motion and stochastic flow systems, Wiley, New York. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [35]Heath, D.C., R.A. Jarrow and A. Morton, 1992, Bond pricing and the term structure of interest rates: A new methodology for contingent claim valuation, Econometrica 60, 77-105. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [36]Heynen, R. and H. Kat, 1994, Crossing barriers, Risk 7(6), 46-51. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [37]Hovakimian, A., T. Opler and S. Titman, 2001, The debt equity choice, Journal of Financial Quantitative Analysis 36, 1-24. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [38]Huang, J.J., N. Ju and H. Ou-Yang, 2003, A model of optimal capital structure with stochastic interest rates, Working Paper No. FIN-03- 014, Stern School of Business, New York University. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [39]Hui, C.H., C.F. Lo and H.C. Lee, 2003, Pricing vulnerable Black-Scholes options with dynamic default barriers, Journal of Derivatives 10(4), 62-69. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [40]Hull, J. and A. White, 1995, The impact of default risk on the prices of options and other derivative securities, Journal of Banking and Finance 19, 299-322. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [41]Im, K.S., M.H. Pesaran and Y. Shin, 2003, Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, Journal of Econometrics 115, 53-74. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [42]Ingersoll, J.E., 1977a, A contingent-claims valuation of convertible securities, Journal of Financial Economics 4, 289-322. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [43]Ingersoll, J.E., 1977b, An examination of corporate call policies on convertible securities, Journal of Finance 32, 463-478. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [44]Jarrow, R.A. and S.M. Turnbull, 1995, Pricing derivatives on financial securities subject to credit risk, Journal of Finance 50, 53-85. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [45]Jarrow, R.A., D. Lando and S.M. Turnbull, 1997, A markov model for the term structure of credit risk spreads, Review of Financial Studies 10, 481-523. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [46]Jensen, M.C. and W.H. Meckling, 1976, Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs, and capital structure, Journal of Financial Economics 3, 305-329. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [47]Johnson, H. and R. Stulz, 1987, The pricing of options with default risk, Journal of Finance 42, 267-280. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [48]Karatzas, I. and S. Shreve, 1991, Brownian motion and stochastic calculus, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [49]Klein, P., 1996, Pricing Black-Scholes option with correlated credit risk, Journal of Banking and Finance 20, 1111-1129. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [50]Klein, P. and M. Inglis, 1999, Valuation of European options subject to financial distress and interest rate risk, Journal of derivatives 6, 44-56. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [51]Klein, P. and M. Inglis, 2001, Pricing vulnerable European option when the option’s payoff can increase the risk of financial distress, Journal of Banking and Finance 25, 993-1012. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [52]Kolkiewicz, A.W., 2002, Pricing and hedging more general double-barrier options, Journal of Computational Finance 5, 1-26. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [53]Korajczyk, R. and A. Levy, 2003, Capital structure choice: Macroeconomic conditions and financial constrains, Journal of Financial Economics 68, 75-109. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [54]Lau, K.W. and Y.K. Kwok, 2004, Anatomy of option features in convertible bonds, Journal of Futures Markets 24, 513-532. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [55]Leland, H.E., 1994, Corporate debt value, bond covenants, and optimal capital structure, Journal of Finance 49, 1213-1252. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [56]Leland, H.E. and K.B. Toft, 1996, Optimal capital structure, endogenous bankruptcy, and the term structure of credit spreads, Journal of Finance 51, 987-1019. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [57]Levin, A., C. Lin and C.J. Chu, 2002, Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite-sample properties, Journal of Econometrics 108, 1-24. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [58]Levinsohn, J. and M.J. Melitz, 2003, Productivity in a differentiated products market equilibrium, Working Paper, Department of Economics, Harvard University. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [59]Liao, S.L. and H.H. Huang, 2005, Pricing Black-Scholes options with correlated interest rate risk and credit risk: An extension, Quantitative Finance 5(5), 443-457. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [60]Liao, S.L. and H.H. Huang, 2006, Effects of macroeconomic conditions and firm-level productivity on optimal capital structure: Theory and evidence, forthcoming in Journal of Financial Studies. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [61]Liao, S.L. and H.H. Huang, 2006, Valuation and optimal strategies of convertible bonds, forthcoming in Journal of Futures Markets. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [62]Longstaff, F.A. and E.S. Schwartz, 1995, A simple approach to valuing risky fixed and floating rate debt, Journal of Finance 50, 789-819. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [63]Marchetti, D. and F. Nucci, 2005, Price stickiness and the contractionary effect of technology Shocks, European Economic Reviews 49(5), 1137-1163. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [64]Mella-Barral, P. and P. William, 1997, Strategic debt service, Journal of Finance 52, 531-556. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [65]Melitz, M.J., 2001, Estimating firm-level productivity in differentiated product industries, Working Paper, Department of Economics, Harvard University. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [66]Merton, R.C., 1973, The theory of rational option pricing, Bell Journal of Economics and Management Science 4, 141-183. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [67]Merton, R.C., 1974, On the pricing of corporate debt: The risk structure of interest rates, Journal of Finance 29, 449-470. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [68]Miao, J., 2005, Optimal capital structure and industry dynamics, Journal of Finance 60(6), 2621-2656. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [69]Modigliani, F. and M. Miller, 1958, The cost of capital, corporation finance and the theory of investment, American Economic Review 48, 267-297. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [70]Modigliani, F. and M. Miller, 1963, Corporate incomes taxes and the cost of capital: A correction, American Economic Review 53, 433-443. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [71]Musiela, M. and M. Rutkowski, 1997, Martingale method in financial modelling, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [72]Nucci, F., A.F. Pozzolo and F. Schivaridi, 2004, Is firm’s productivity related to its financial structure? Evidence from microeconomic data, Working Paper, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, DCNAPS. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [73]Nyborg, K.G., 1996, The use and pricing of convertible bonds, Applied Mathematical Finance 3, 167-190. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [74]Rogers, L.C.G., 1999, Modelling credit risk, Working Paper, University of Bath. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [75]Sarkar, S., 2003, Early and late calls of convertible bonds: Theory and evidence, Journal of Banking Finance 27, 1349-1374. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [76]Schonbucher, P.J., 2003, Credit derivatives pricing models: models, pricing, and implementation, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, England. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [77]Sîrbu, M., I. Pikovsky and S.E. Shreve, 2004, Perpetual convertible bonds, SIAM Journal of Control and Optimization 43, 58-85. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [78]Tang, D.Y. and H. Yang, 2004, Macroeconomic conditions and credit spread dynamics: A theoretical exploration, Working Paper, Department of Finance, McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [79]Vasicek, O., 1977, An equilibrium characterization of the term structure, Journal of Financial Economics 5, 177-188. | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | [80]Wang, J.C. and K.H. Tsai, 2003, Productivity growth and R&D expenditure in Taiwan’s manufacturing firms, Working Paper No. 9724, NBER. | zh_TW |