Publications-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

NCCU Library

Citation Infomation

Related Publications in TAIR

題名 內部人交易行為對股票報酬之影響--門檻模型之運用
作者 蔡禮聰
貢獻者 沈中華
蔡禮聰
關鍵詞 門檻自我迴歸模型
馬可夫轉換模型
搜尋法
狀態變數
群聚效果
Threshold Autoregression Model
Markov Switching Model
Grid Search Method
State Variable
Herding Effect
日期 2004
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 09:33:06 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究採用門檻迴歸模型 (Threshold Autoregression Model),試圖找出董監事等內部人之申報轉讓比率、持股比率及質押比率等門檻值,進而分析門檻值以內及以外,指標對於代理變數:融資成長率、營收成長率以及本益比與加權指數報酬率的影響程度與方向。本研究實證結果發現:
     一、在申報轉讓比率方面:
     當申報轉讓比率低於門檻值,存在所謂的群聚效果。當申報轉讓比率高於門檻值時,市場動能與加權指數報酬率無顯著關係,投資人於此階段進行投資決策時應該要謹慎小心。
     二、在持股比率方面:
     在持股比率低於門檻值時,加權指數報酬率對於前期營收成長率表現的修正幅度較大,意謂著董監事等內部人根據其對未來營收資訊掌握的優勢,反應其對營收資訊的真實性,而藉由持股轉讓的行為,使加權指數大幅度的修正。
     三、在質押比率方面:
     不管高於或低於門檻值,均無法利用董監事等內部人質押比率為門檻變數來分析本益比效果對加權指數報酬率的影響。造成其檢定失效的原因,可能是樣本小且模型受到極端值的影響所造成。
參考文獻 1.王端鎂、李桐豪 (民84),「台灣股票市場融資融券之變化與股票報酬關係」,證券金融,84.10,1-26。
2.王元章 (民89),「內部人持股比率,投資績效與市場效率性——台灣股市之實證研究」,證券市場發展季刊,48期,頁51-76。
3.朱富春 (民64),「股票益本比的理論及其應用」,證交資料第一五五期,台灣證券交易所。
4.杜佳璇 (民92),「多事件宣告窗口認定與股價異常報酬關聯性之研究」,義守大學,管理科學研究所碩士論文。
5.許加昂 (民89),「董監質押比率與公司經營績效、融資政策、股利政策關聯性之研究」,台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
6.高蘭芬與邱正仁 (民91),「董監事股權質押對會計盈餘與股票報酬相關性之研究」,臺大管理論叢,13卷,1期,頁127-162。
7.陳建福 (民91),「門檻迴歸模型與追蹤資料共整合方法在財務的應用」,政治大學,經濟學系研究所博士論文。
8.陳宏姿 (民90),「董監事結構與企業財務績效關聯之研究」,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文。
9.陳亞農 (民91),「我國上市公司內部人持股轉讓申報公告效果之研究」,中山大學,財務管理學系研究所碩士論文。
10.黃荃 (民89),「資訊內涵市場過度反應假設之研究—以董監事及關係人持股異動為例」,東吳經濟商學學報,28期。
11.黃昭祥 (1992),「台灣股市公司規模、本益比、殖利率及價格效應」,中山大學,金融研究所碩士論文。
12.張嘉宏 (民84),「台灣股票市場加權股價指數與融資餘額、融券餘額關係之研究」,東海大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文
13.張慧如 (民92),「代理成本、會計師任期與財務預測誤差之關聯」,東吳大學,會計研究所碩士論文。
14.張簡榮奮 (民92),「國內上市公司內部人交易與可轉換公司債長期績效關係之研究」,高雄第一科技大學,財務管理所碩士論文。
15.葉桂滿 (民92),「董監事持股比率對現金增資公司從事盈餘管理之影響」,朝陽科技大學,財務金融系碩士論文。
16.楊麗弘 (民89),「台灣上市公司股權結構與經營績效研究---由董監事持股質押效果論之」,長庚大學,管理研究所碩士論文。
17.廖淑惠 (民91),「本益比與成長機會策略組合之投資報酬率研究」,國防管理學院,國防財務資源管理研究所碩士論文。
18.蔡德淵 (民91),「台灣股市「漲時重勢,跌時重質」之實證研究」,成功大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文。
19.劉弟勇,鄒淑慧 (民90) ,「台灣股票市場內部人持股轉讓宣告之資訊效果探討(上、下)」,證券櫃檯,59期,頁14-18。期,頁1-32。
20.鍾定良 (民91),「內部人申報持股轉讓之盈餘與風險資訊傳遞效果」,朝陽科技大學,財務金融所碩士論文。
21.蕭翠玥 (民77),「台灣地區上市公司股票報酬率規模效應之研究」,中山大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文。
22.Abarbanell, J. S. and Bushee B. J. (1997),“ Fundamental analysis , future earnings, and stock prices”, Journal of Accounting Research, 1-24.
23.Basu, S. (1983),“ The relationship between earnings yield, market value and return for NYES stocks: further evidence”, Journal of Finance Economics, 779-793.
24.Brooks, C. and Persand, G. (2001),“The Trading Profitability of Forecasts of the Gilt-Equity Yield Ratio”, International Journal of Forecasting 17, 11-29.
25.Brooks, C. and Garett I. (2002),“ Can We Explain the Dynamics of the UK FTSE 100 Stock and Stock Index Future Markets?”, Applied Financial Economics, 12(1), 25-31.
26.Chakravarty, S. and McConnell J. J. (1997),“ An Analysis of Prices, Bid/Ask Spreads, and Bid and Ask Depths surrounding Ivan Boesky’s Illegal Trading in Carnation Stock”, Financial Management, 26, 18-34.
27.Chiou, Jeng-Ren, Hsiung Ta-Chung and Kao Lanfeng (2002),“ A Study of the Relationship Between Financial Distress and Collateralized Shares”, Taiwan Accounting Review 3,79-111.
28.Chiang, R. and Venkatesh, P. C.,“ Insider Holdings and Perceptions of Information Asymmetry: A Note”, The journal of finance, Vol.43, 1041-1048.
29.Chen, Y. and Hu, S. (2001),“The Controlling Shareholder Personal Stock Loan and Firm Performance”, working paper, National Taiwan University.
30.Cornell, B. and Sirri E. (1992),“ The Reaction of Investors and Stock Prices to Insider Trading”, Journal of Finance, 47, 1031-1059.
31.Engel C. and Hamilton J. D. (1990),“Long Swings in the Dollar: Are They in the Data and Do Market Know it?”, The American Economic Review, Vol.80, No.4, 689-713.
32.Fama, E. F. and French K. R. (1992),“The cross-section of expected stock returns”, Journal of Finance, 427-465.
33.Finnerty J. E. (1976),“ Insiders and Market Efficiency”, The Journal of Finance, Vol.31, No.4, 1141-1148.
34.Ghysels, E. (1994),“On the Periodic Structure of the Business Cycle Markov Switching Model”, Journal of Business Economic Statistic, Vol.12, 289-298.
35.Givoly, D. and Palmon D. (1985),“ Insider Trading and the Exploitation if insider information: some empirical evidence”, Journal of Finance, 51, 425-461.
36.Hamilton, J. D. and Susmel R. (1994),“Autoregressive Conditional Heterosecdasticity and Changes in Regime”, Journal of Econometrics, 64(1-2), 307-33.
37.Hamilton, J. D. (1988),“Rational Expectations Econometric Analysis of Changes in Regime: An Investigation of the Term Structure of Interest Rates”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Vol.12, 385-423.
38.Jaffe, J. F. (1974),“Special Information and Insider Trading”, Journal of Business, 47, 410-428.
39.Jaffe, J., D. Keim, and Westerfield R. (1989),“Earnings yields, market values and stock return”, Journal of Finance, 135-148.
40.Jensen, M. C. and Meckling W. H. (1976),“Theory of Firm: Management Behavior, Agency Cost and Ownership Structure”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.3, 305-360.
41.John, K. and Mishra, B. (1987),“Investment Announcements, Insider Trading and Market Response: Theory”, Working paper, New York University.
42.Kahle, K. M. (2000),“Insider Trading and the Long-Run Performance of New Security Issues”, Journal of Corporate Finance, 25-53.
43.Largay J. A. and West R. R. (1973),“Margin Changes and Stocks Price Behavior”, The journal of Political Economy, Vol.81, 328-338.
44.Leland, H. E. (1992),“Insider Trading: Should It be Prohibited?”, The journal of Political Economy, Vol.100, No.4, 859-887.
45.Li W. K. and Lam K. (1995),“Modeling Asymmetry in Stock Returns by a Threshold Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Model”, The Statistician, Vol.44, No.3, 333-341.
46.Lustgarten, S. and Mande V. (1998),“The Effect of Insider Trading on Financial Analysts’ Forecast Accuracy and Dispersion”, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 17, 311-327.
47.Ma, Tai (1992), “ On the Determinants of Stock Market Volatility: An Empirical Analysis of the Taiwan Stock Market”, Pacific-Basin Capital Markets Research, Vol.3, 343-358.
48.Masson, R. T., and Madhavan A. (1991),“Insider Trading and Value of the Firm”, The journal of Industrial Economics, Vol.39, 333-353.
49.Nunn, J. R., P. M. Keneth, P. Gerald and Gombola M. J. (1983),“Are Some Insiders More Inside than Others?”, Journal of Portfolio Management, 65-71.
50.Ou, J. and Penman S. (1989),“Financial statement analysis and the prediction of stock returns”, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 295-330.
51.Penman, S. H. (1982),“Insider Trading and the Dissemination of Firm’s Forecast Information”, Journal of Business, October, 479-504.
52.Pepper G. T. (1994),“Money, Credit, and Asset Prices” New York : St. Martin`s Press.
53.Schaller, H. and Norden S. (1997),“Regime Switching in Stock Market Returns”, Applied Financial Economics, Vol.7, 177-191.
54.Seyhun, H. N. (1986),“Insiders’ Profits, Costs of trading, and Market Efficiency”, Journal of Financial Economics, 16, 189-212.
-------------- (1988),“The Information Content of Aggregate Insider Trading.” Journal of Business, 61, 1-24.
55.Stevenson, R. A.,“Fundamental of Investments”, West Publish Co., 1984, 44-59.
56.Shen C. H. and Hankes D. R. (1995),“Monetary Policy as a Decision-Making Hierarchy: The case of Taiwan”, Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol.17, No.2, 357-368.
57.Shen C. H. and Chiang T. C. N. (1995),“Retrieving the Vanishing Liquidity Effect-A Threshold Vector Autoregressive Model”, Journal of Economics and Business, 51:259-277.
58.Shen C. H. (2003),“Cost Efficiency and Banking Performance in a Partial Universal Banking System: Application of the Panel Smooth Threshold Model”, Applied Economics.
59.Shen C. H. and Chen S. W. (2003), ”Long Swing in Appreciation and Short Swing in Depreciation and the Does the Market not Know It--The case of Taiwan”, International Economic Journal (JEL).
60.Tsay Ruey S. (1989),“Testing and Modeling Threshold Autoregressive Process”, Journal of the American Statistical Association”, Vol.84, No.405, 231-240.
61.Tong, H. and Lim K. S. (1980),“Threshold Autoregression, Limit Cycles and Cyclical Data”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B(Methodological), Vol.42, No.3, 245-292.
62.Tong, H. (1983),“Threshold Models in Non-linear Time Series Analysis”, Springer-Verlag, New York.
63.Tong, H. (1990),“Nonlinear Time Series: A Dynamical Systems Approach”, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
64.Upda S. (1996),“Insider Trading and Information Contents of Earnings”, Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, October, 1069-1096.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
金融研究所
91352030
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913520301
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 沈中華zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蔡禮聰zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 蔡禮聰zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 09:33:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 09:33:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 09:33:06 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0913520301en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31217-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 金融研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91352030zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究採用門檻迴歸模型 (Threshold Autoregression Model),試圖找出董監事等內部人之申報轉讓比率、持股比率及質押比率等門檻值,進而分析門檻值以內及以外,指標對於代理變數:融資成長率、營收成長率以及本益比與加權指數報酬率的影響程度與方向。本研究實證結果發現:
     一、在申報轉讓比率方面:
     當申報轉讓比率低於門檻值,存在所謂的群聚效果。當申報轉讓比率高於門檻值時,市場動能與加權指數報酬率無顯著關係,投資人於此階段進行投資決策時應該要謹慎小心。
     二、在持股比率方面:
     在持股比率低於門檻值時,加權指數報酬率對於前期營收成長率表現的修正幅度較大,意謂著董監事等內部人根據其對未來營收資訊掌握的優勢,反應其對營收資訊的真實性,而藉由持股轉讓的行為,使加權指數大幅度的修正。
     三、在質押比率方面:
     不管高於或低於門檻值,均無法利用董監事等內部人質押比率為門檻變數來分析本益比效果對加權指數報酬率的影響。造成其檢定失效的原因,可能是樣本小且模型受到極端值的影響所造成。
zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目次……………………………………………………………………………1
     表次……………………………………………………………………………3
     圖次……………………………………………………………………………4
     第一章 緒論 …………………………………………………………………5
     第一節 研究動機與目的 ……………………………………………………5
     第二節 研究方法 ……………………………………………………………8
     第三節 研究範圍與對象 ……………………………………………………9
     第四節 研究架構 ……………………………………………………………9
     第二章 文獻回顧與相關理…………………………………………………10
     第一節 內部人交易之相關法規 ……………………………………10
     第二節 文獻探討……………………………………………………………16
     第三節 門檻自我迴歸模型…………………………………………………24
     第三章 研究方………………………………………………………………31
     第一節 實證流程……………………………………………………………31
     第二節 假說建立……………………………………………………………32
     第三節 變數定義與建立模型………………………………………………41
     第四節 研究範圍與資料來源………………………………………………44
     第四章 實證結果分…………………………………………………………45
     第一節 申報轉讓比率………………………………………………………45
     第二節 持股比率……………………………………………………………47
     第三節 質押比率……………………………………………………………49
     第五章 結論與建……………………………………………………………51
     第一節 結論…………………………………………………………………51
     第二節 建議…………………………………………………………………52
     參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………58
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913520301en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 門檻自我迴歸模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬可夫轉換模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 搜尋法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 狀態變數zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 群聚效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Threshold Autoregression Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Markov Switching Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Grid Search Methoden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) State Variableen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Herding Effecten_US
dc.title (題名) 內部人交易行為對股票報酬之影響--門檻模型之運用zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.王端鎂、李桐豪 (民84),「台灣股票市場融資融券之變化與股票報酬關係」,證券金融,84.10,1-26。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2.王元章 (民89),「內部人持股比率,投資績效與市場效率性——台灣股市之實證研究」,證券市場發展季刊,48期,頁51-76。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 3.朱富春 (民64),「股票益本比的理論及其應用」,證交資料第一五五期,台灣證券交易所。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 4.杜佳璇 (民92),「多事件宣告窗口認定與股價異常報酬關聯性之研究」,義守大學,管理科學研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 5.許加昂 (民89),「董監質押比率與公司經營績效、融資政策、股利政策關聯性之研究」,台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 6.高蘭芬與邱正仁 (民91),「董監事股權質押對會計盈餘與股票報酬相關性之研究」,臺大管理論叢,13卷,1期,頁127-162。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 7.陳建福 (民91),「門檻迴歸模型與追蹤資料共整合方法在財務的應用」,政治大學,經濟學系研究所博士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 8.陳宏姿 (民90),「董監事結構與企業財務績效關聯之研究」,政治大學會計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 9.陳亞農 (民91),「我國上市公司內部人持股轉讓申報公告效果之研究」,中山大學,財務管理學系研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 10.黃荃 (民89),「資訊內涵市場過度反應假設之研究—以董監事及關係人持股異動為例」,東吳經濟商學學報,28期。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 11.黃昭祥 (1992),「台灣股市公司規模、本益比、殖利率及價格效應」,中山大學,金融研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 12.張嘉宏 (民84),「台灣股票市場加權股價指數與融資餘額、融券餘額關係之研究」,東海大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 13.張慧如 (民92),「代理成本、會計師任期與財務預測誤差之關聯」,東吳大學,會計研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 14.張簡榮奮 (民92),「國內上市公司內部人交易與可轉換公司債長期績效關係之研究」,高雄第一科技大學,財務管理所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 15.葉桂滿 (民92),「董監事持股比率對現金增資公司從事盈餘管理之影響」,朝陽科技大學,財務金融系碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 16.楊麗弘 (民89),「台灣上市公司股權結構與經營績效研究---由董監事持股質押效果論之」,長庚大學,管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 17.廖淑惠 (民91),「本益比與成長機會策略組合之投資報酬率研究」,國防管理學院,國防財務資源管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 18.蔡德淵 (民91),「台灣股市「漲時重勢,跌時重質」之實證研究」,成功大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 19.劉弟勇,鄒淑慧 (民90) ,「台灣股票市場內部人持股轉讓宣告之資訊效果探討(上、下)」,證券櫃檯,59期,頁14-18。期,頁1-32。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 20.鍾定良 (民91),「內部人申報持股轉讓之盈餘與風險資訊傳遞效果」,朝陽科技大學,財務金融所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 21.蕭翠玥 (民77),「台灣地區上市公司股票報酬率規模效應之研究」,中山大學,企業管理研究所碩士論文。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 22.Abarbanell, J. S. and Bushee B. J. (1997),“ Fundamental analysis , future earnings, and stock prices”, Journal of Accounting Research, 1-24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23.Basu, S. (1983),“ The relationship between earnings yield, market value and return for NYES stocks: further evidence”, Journal of Finance Economics, 779-793.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 24.Brooks, C. and Persand, G. (2001),“The Trading Profitability of Forecasts of the Gilt-Equity Yield Ratio”, International Journal of Forecasting 17, 11-29.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 25.Brooks, C. and Garett I. (2002),“ Can We Explain the Dynamics of the UK FTSE 100 Stock and Stock Index Future Markets?”, Applied Financial Economics, 12(1), 25-31.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 26.Chakravarty, S. and McConnell J. J. (1997),“ An Analysis of Prices, Bid/Ask Spreads, and Bid and Ask Depths surrounding Ivan Boesky’s Illegal Trading in Carnation Stock”, Financial Management, 26, 18-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 27.Chiou, Jeng-Ren, Hsiung Ta-Chung and Kao Lanfeng (2002),“ A Study of the Relationship Between Financial Distress and Collateralized Shares”, Taiwan Accounting Review 3,79-111.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 28.Chiang, R. and Venkatesh, P. C.,“ Insider Holdings and Perceptions of Information Asymmetry: A Note”, The journal of finance, Vol.43, 1041-1048.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 29.Chen, Y. and Hu, S. (2001),“The Controlling Shareholder Personal Stock Loan and Firm Performance”, working paper, National Taiwan University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 30.Cornell, B. and Sirri E. (1992),“ The Reaction of Investors and Stock Prices to Insider Trading”, Journal of Finance, 47, 1031-1059.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 31.Engel C. and Hamilton J. D. (1990),“Long Swings in the Dollar: Are They in the Data and Do Market Know it?”, The American Economic Review, Vol.80, No.4, 689-713.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 32.Fama, E. F. and French K. R. (1992),“The cross-section of expected stock returns”, Journal of Finance, 427-465.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 33.Finnerty J. E. (1976),“ Insiders and Market Efficiency”, The Journal of Finance, Vol.31, No.4, 1141-1148.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 34.Ghysels, E. (1994),“On the Periodic Structure of the Business Cycle Markov Switching Model”, Journal of Business Economic Statistic, Vol.12, 289-298.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 35.Givoly, D. and Palmon D. (1985),“ Insider Trading and the Exploitation if insider information: some empirical evidence”, Journal of Finance, 51, 425-461.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 36.Hamilton, J. D. and Susmel R. (1994),“Autoregressive Conditional Heterosecdasticity and Changes in Regime”, Journal of Econometrics, 64(1-2), 307-33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 37.Hamilton, J. D. (1988),“Rational Expectations Econometric Analysis of Changes in Regime: An Investigation of the Term Structure of Interest Rates”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Vol.12, 385-423.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 38.Jaffe, J. F. (1974),“Special Information and Insider Trading”, Journal of Business, 47, 410-428.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 39.Jaffe, J., D. Keim, and Westerfield R. (1989),“Earnings yields, market values and stock return”, Journal of Finance, 135-148.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 40.Jensen, M. C. and Meckling W. H. (1976),“Theory of Firm: Management Behavior, Agency Cost and Ownership Structure”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.3, 305-360.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 41.John, K. and Mishra, B. (1987),“Investment Announcements, Insider Trading and Market Response: Theory”, Working paper, New York University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 42.Kahle, K. M. (2000),“Insider Trading and the Long-Run Performance of New Security Issues”, Journal of Corporate Finance, 25-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 43.Largay J. A. and West R. R. (1973),“Margin Changes and Stocks Price Behavior”, The journal of Political Economy, Vol.81, 328-338.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 44.Leland, H. E. (1992),“Insider Trading: Should It be Prohibited?”, The journal of Political Economy, Vol.100, No.4, 859-887.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 45.Li W. K. and Lam K. (1995),“Modeling Asymmetry in Stock Returns by a Threshold Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Model”, The Statistician, Vol.44, No.3, 333-341.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 46.Lustgarten, S. and Mande V. (1998),“The Effect of Insider Trading on Financial Analysts’ Forecast Accuracy and Dispersion”, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 17, 311-327.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 47.Ma, Tai (1992), “ On the Determinants of Stock Market Volatility: An Empirical Analysis of the Taiwan Stock Market”, Pacific-Basin Capital Markets Research, Vol.3, 343-358.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 48.Masson, R. T., and Madhavan A. (1991),“Insider Trading and Value of the Firm”, The journal of Industrial Economics, Vol.39, 333-353.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 49.Nunn, J. R., P. M. Keneth, P. Gerald and Gombola M. J. (1983),“Are Some Insiders More Inside than Others?”, Journal of Portfolio Management, 65-71.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 50.Ou, J. and Penman S. (1989),“Financial statement analysis and the prediction of stock returns”, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 295-330.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 51.Penman, S. H. (1982),“Insider Trading and the Dissemination of Firm’s Forecast Information”, Journal of Business, October, 479-504.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 52.Pepper G. T. (1994),“Money, Credit, and Asset Prices” New York : St. Martin`s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 53.Schaller, H. and Norden S. (1997),“Regime Switching in Stock Market Returns”, Applied Financial Economics, Vol.7, 177-191.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 54.Seyhun, H. N. (1986),“Insiders’ Profits, Costs of trading, and Market Efficiency”, Journal of Financial Economics, 16, 189-212.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) -------------- (1988),“The Information Content of Aggregate Insider Trading.” Journal of Business, 61, 1-24.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 55.Stevenson, R. A.,“Fundamental of Investments”, West Publish Co., 1984, 44-59.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 56.Shen C. H. and Hankes D. R. (1995),“Monetary Policy as a Decision-Making Hierarchy: The case of Taiwan”, Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol.17, No.2, 357-368.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 57.Shen C. H. and Chiang T. C. N. (1995),“Retrieving the Vanishing Liquidity Effect-A Threshold Vector Autoregressive Model”, Journal of Economics and Business, 51:259-277.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 58.Shen C. H. (2003),“Cost Efficiency and Banking Performance in a Partial Universal Banking System: Application of the Panel Smooth Threshold Model”, Applied Economics.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 59.Shen C. H. and Chen S. W. (2003), ”Long Swing in Appreciation and Short Swing in Depreciation and the Does the Market not Know It--The case of Taiwan”, International Economic Journal (JEL).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 60.Tsay Ruey S. (1989),“Testing and Modeling Threshold Autoregressive Process”, Journal of the American Statistical Association”, Vol.84, No.405, 231-240.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 61.Tong, H. and Lim K. S. (1980),“Threshold Autoregression, Limit Cycles and Cyclical Data”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B(Methodological), Vol.42, No.3, 245-292.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 62.Tong, H. (1983),“Threshold Models in Non-linear Time Series Analysis”, Springer-Verlag, New York.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 63.Tong, H. (1990),“Nonlinear Time Series: A Dynamical Systems Approach”, Oxford University Press, Oxford.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 64.Upda S. (1996),“Insider Trading and Information Contents of Earnings”, Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, October, 1069-1096.zh_TW