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題名 社會責任型投資策略:績效與社會責任之研究
An empirical study on responsible investment: performance vs. philanthropy
作者 陳華恩
Tan, Timothy
貢獻者 吳啟銘
Wu, Chiming
陳華恩
Tan, Timothy
關鍵詞 社會責任
日期 2008
上傳時間 14-Sep-2009 09:48:00 (UTC+8)
摘要 社會責任型投資策略:績效與社會責任之研究
The growth of Responsible Investment (RI) concept has triggered considerable debates on Performance vs. Philanthropy, both academically and professionally, within the investment world. More and more institutional investors are adopting the United Nations’ Principle for Responsible Investment into their investment process. This study investigates the potential performance difference between Responsible Investment strategies and the broad market returns in United States, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Global market. Two religious RI strategies, Catholic value index and Shari’ah index, are included in the U.S. market performance analysis. Based on the findings from this study, RI indexes have higher returns than the counterpart market benchmarks in general; however, the out-performance is not statistically significant to be conclusive. The findings also reveal higher beta and volatility for some RI indexes which suggest that RI strategies may be more risky than broad market. Both Sharpe ratio and Information ratio suggest that RI is a better choice than passive broad market investment, with Europe being the only exception; however, the excess returns are so small that they are virtually zero. Overall, the oldest forms of RI, Shari’ah RI strategy, has yielded eye-catching results and holds high promise to be considered statistically significant with longer data set period. The results from this study concluded that RI yield a very competitive return against broad market benchmarks, and suggests Taiwan Asset Management firms to offer additional RI products. In addition, this study confirms that the findings from previous empirical analyses are still valid after September 11th terrorist attack and the 2008 financial crisis.
     
     Key words: Responsible Investment, Social Responsible Investment, ESG Investment, CSR Investment, Ethical Investment, Religious Investment, Islamic Finance, Shari’ah Investment, Index, Environmental Alpha, and Social Alpha.
Abstract I
     Table of Contents II
     Summary of Tables IV
     1.0 Introduction 1
     1.1 Research Motivation and Objective 1
     1.2 Research Process 4
     1.3 Dissertation Structure 5
     2.0 Overview of Responsible Investment 6
     2.1 Development of Responsible Investment 6
     2.3 Current Environment for Responsible Investment 8
     2.4 Responsible Investment in Taiwan 11
     2.5 Summary of RI Strategies 13
     3.0 Literatures Review 15
     3.1 Literatures relating to ESG Performance at Company Level 15
     3.1.1 Researches on Environmental Value-Added 16
     3.1.2 Researches on Social Value-Added 16
     3.1.3 Researches on Value-Added by Corporate Governance 17
     3.2 Literatures relating to ESG Investment Performance 18
     3.2.1 Studies against RI 19
     3.2.2 Summary of Empirical Studies on RI Performance 19
     4.0 Methodology 21
     4.1 Research Scope 22
     4.2 Research Design 25
     4.3 Hypotheses of the Study 27
     4.4 Performance Measurement 27
     4.4.1 Sharpe Ratio 29
     4.4.2 Information Ratio 31
     4.4.3 Israelsen’s Modification 32
     4.5 Data and Index Providers 35
     5.0 Results and Discussion 39
     5.1 Monthly Returns Analysis 39
     5.1.1 Rolling Return Analysis 42
     5.2 Risk Information 44
     5.3 T-test 46
     5.4 Risk-Adjusted Information 51
     5.5 Global Comparison of RI Strategies 55
     6.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 57
     6.1 Limitation of this Study 60
     6.2 Recommendations for Future Study 61
     Reference 62
     Appendix A 66
     Appendix B 72
參考文獻 Abowd J., (1989), “The Effect of Wage Bargains on the Stock Market Value of the
Firm”, American Economic Review 79, 774-800
Adler T. & Kritzman M., (2008), “The Cost of Socially Responsible Investing”, Journal of Portfolio Management, Fall, 52-56
Alexander G. J., and R.A. Buchholz (1978), “Corporate Social Responsibility and
Stock Market Performance”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 21, 479-86.
Bauer R., Koedijk K., and Otten R., (2005), “International Evidence on Ethical Mutual Fund
Performance and Investment Style”, Journal of Banking and Finance, July, 1751-1767.
Bello Z.Y., (2005), “Socially Responsible Investing and Portfolio Diversification”, Journal of Financial Research, Vol. 28, 41-57.
Derwall, J., Gunster, N., Bauer, R., and Koedijk, K. (2005), “The Eco-Efficiency Premium Puzzle”
Financial Analysts Journal 61, March/April, 51-63.
Diltz, J. D. (1995). “Does Social Screening Affect Portfolio Performance?” Journal of
Investing Spring, 64-69.
Goldreyer E.& Dlitz D. (1999). “The Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds:
Incorporating Sociopolitical Information n Portfolio Selection.” Managerial Finance 25, no. 1:
23-26.
Goodwin T.J. (1998), ”The Information Ratio”, Financial Analysts Journal, 34-43
Graham J., Campbell H., and Shivaram R., (2005) “The Economic Implications
of Corporate Financial Reporting.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 40: 3-73
Gregory A. & J. Whittaker, (2007), “Performance and Performance Persistence of
Ethical Unit Trusts in the UK”, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, vol. 34, 1327-1344.
Hamilton S., Jo H., and Statman M. (1993), “Doing Well While Doing Good: The Investment
Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds”, Financial Analysts Journal November/December, 62-66
Heinkel R., Kraus A., and Zechner J (2001) “The Effect of Green Investment on Corporate
Behavior.” Journal of Quantitative Analysis, December, 421-449
Jobson J.D. & B.M. Korkie, (1981), “Performance Hypothesis Testing with the
Sharpe and Treynor Measures”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 36, 889-908.
Kempf & Osthoff, “The effect of socially responsible investing on portfolio performance.”
European Financial Management, vol 13(5): 908-922
Kurtz L., (1997), “No Effect, or No Net Effect? Studies on Socially Responsible
Investing”, Journal of Investing, 37-49.
Kurtz L & DiBartolomeo D (2005), “The KLD Catholic Values 400 Index”, Journal of Investing, Fall, 101-104
Lakonishok, Josef, Shleifer, and Vishny R.V., (1994), “Contrarian Investment,
Extrapolation, and Risk,” The Journal of Finance, Dec., 1541-1578
Lovins B, Lovins H, and Hawken P (1999), A Road Map for Natural Capitalism, Harvard Business Review,May-June issue 1999.
Mallin C.B., B. Saadouni and R. Briston, (1995), “The Financial Performance of
Ethical Investment Trusts”, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Vol. 22, 483-
296
Merton R.C. (1973), “An Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model”, Econometrica,
Vol. 41, 867-887
Naber. M., (2001), “Catholic Investing: The Effects of Screens on Financial Returns”, Journal of Investing, Winter
Ross, S.A. (1976), ‘The Arbitrage Theory of Capital Asset Pricing’, Journal of
Economic Theory, Vol. 13, 341-360
Rudd A. (1981), “Social Responsibility and Portfolio Performance”, California
Management Review, Vol. 23, 55- 61
Sharpe W.F. (1998) “Morningstar’s Mutual Fund Ratings”, Financial Analysts
Journal, Vol. 54, 21-33.
Skinner, Douglas J. and Sloan R.G. (2002). “Earnings Surprises, Growth Expectations,
and Stock Returns or Don`t Let an Earnings Torpedo Sink Your Portfolio.” Review of
Accounting Studies, June-September: 289
Social Investment Forum (2007), Report on Socially Responsible Investing Trends in United States
Social Investment Forum Foundation (2009), Community Investing, US
Statman M., (2000) “Socially Responsible Mutual Funds”, Financial Analysts Journal, May/June, 30-39.
Statman M., (2006) “Socially Responsible Indexes”, Journal of Portfolio Management, Summer, 100-109.
Statman M. & Glushkov D (2008) “The wages of social responsibility:, working paper
Treynor J. L. and F. Black (1973), “How to Use Security Analysis to Improve
Portfolio Selection”, Journal of Business, Vol. 46, 66–86
UNEP Finance Initiative Innovative financing for sustainability, PRI Report on Progress 2008
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA)
93933028
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093933028
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳啟銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wu, Chimingen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳華恩zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tan, Timothyen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳華恩zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tan, Timothyen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-Sep-2009 09:48:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-Sep-2009 09:48:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-Sep-2009 09:48:00 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093933028en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31324-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際經營管理碩士班(IMBA)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93933028zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 社會責任型投資策略:績效與社會責任之研究zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The growth of Responsible Investment (RI) concept has triggered considerable debates on Performance vs. Philanthropy, both academically and professionally, within the investment world. More and more institutional investors are adopting the United Nations’ Principle for Responsible Investment into their investment process. This study investigates the potential performance difference between Responsible Investment strategies and the broad market returns in United States, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Global market. Two religious RI strategies, Catholic value index and Shari’ah index, are included in the U.S. market performance analysis. Based on the findings from this study, RI indexes have higher returns than the counterpart market benchmarks in general; however, the out-performance is not statistically significant to be conclusive. The findings also reveal higher beta and volatility for some RI indexes which suggest that RI strategies may be more risky than broad market. Both Sharpe ratio and Information ratio suggest that RI is a better choice than passive broad market investment, with Europe being the only exception; however, the excess returns are so small that they are virtually zero. Overall, the oldest forms of RI, Shari’ah RI strategy, has yielded eye-catching results and holds high promise to be considered statistically significant with longer data set period. The results from this study concluded that RI yield a very competitive return against broad market benchmarks, and suggests Taiwan Asset Management firms to offer additional RI products. In addition, this study confirms that the findings from previous empirical analyses are still valid after September 11th terrorist attack and the 2008 financial crisis.
     
     Key words: Responsible Investment, Social Responsible Investment, ESG Investment, CSR Investment, Ethical Investment, Religious Investment, Islamic Finance, Shari’ah Investment, Index, Environmental Alpha, and Social Alpha.
en_US
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Abstract I
     Table of Contents II
     Summary of Tables IV
     1.0 Introduction 1
     1.1 Research Motivation and Objective 1
     1.2 Research Process 4
     1.3 Dissertation Structure 5
     2.0 Overview of Responsible Investment 6
     2.1 Development of Responsible Investment 6
     2.3 Current Environment for Responsible Investment 8
     2.4 Responsible Investment in Taiwan 11
     2.5 Summary of RI Strategies 13
     3.0 Literatures Review 15
     3.1 Literatures relating to ESG Performance at Company Level 15
     3.1.1 Researches on Environmental Value-Added 16
     3.1.2 Researches on Social Value-Added 16
     3.1.3 Researches on Value-Added by Corporate Governance 17
     3.2 Literatures relating to ESG Investment Performance 18
     3.2.1 Studies against RI 19
     3.2.2 Summary of Empirical Studies on RI Performance 19
     4.0 Methodology 21
     4.1 Research Scope 22
     4.2 Research Design 25
     4.3 Hypotheses of the Study 27
     4.4 Performance Measurement 27
     4.4.1 Sharpe Ratio 29
     4.4.2 Information Ratio 31
     4.4.3 Israelsen’s Modification 32
     4.5 Data and Index Providers 35
     5.0 Results and Discussion 39
     5.1 Monthly Returns Analysis 39
     5.1.1 Rolling Return Analysis 42
     5.2 Risk Information 44
     5.3 T-test 46
     5.4 Risk-Adjusted Information 51
     5.5 Global Comparison of RI Strategies 55
     6.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 57
     6.1 Limitation of this Study 60
     6.2 Recommendations for Future Study 61
     Reference 62
     Appendix A 66
     Appendix B 72
-
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract I
     Table of Contents II
     Summary of Tables IV
     1.0 Introduction 1
     1.1 Research Motivation and Objective 1
     1.2 Research Process 4
     1.3 Dissertation Structure 5
     2.0 Overview of Responsible Investment 6
     2.1 Development of Responsible Investment 6
     2.3 Current Environment for Responsible Investment 8
     2.4 Responsible Investment in Taiwan 11
     2.5 Summary of RI Strategies 13
     3.0 Literatures Review 15
     3.1 Literatures relating to ESG Performance at Company Level 15
     3.1.1 Researches on Environmental Value-Added 16
     3.1.2 Researches on Social Value-Added 16
     3.1.3 Researches on Value-Added by Corporate Governance 17
     3.2 Literatures relating to ESG Investment Performance 18
     3.2.1 Studies against RI 19
     3.2.2 Summary of Empirical Studies on RI Performance 19
     4.0 Methodology 21
     4.1 Research Scope 22
     4.2 Research Design 25
     4.3 Hypotheses of the Study 27
     4.4 Performance Measurement 27
     4.4.1 Sharpe Ratio 29
     4.4.2 Information Ratio 31
     4.4.3 Israelsen’s Modification 32
     4.5 Data and Index Providers 35
     5.0 Results and Discussion 39
     5.1 Monthly Returns Analysis 39
     5.1.1 Rolling Return Analysis 42
     5.2 Risk Information 44
     5.3 T-test 46
     5.4 Risk-Adjusted Information 51
     5.5 Global Comparison of RI Strategies 55
     6.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 57
     6.1 Limitation of this Study 60
     6.2 Recommendations for Future Study 61
     Reference 62
     Appendix A 66
     Appendix B 72
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093933028en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會責任zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 社會責任型投資策略:績效與社會責任之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) An empirical study on responsible investment: performance vs. philanthropyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abowd J., (1989), “The Effect of Wage Bargains on the Stock Market Value of thezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Firm”, American Economic Review 79, 774-800zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adler T. & Kritzman M., (2008), “The Cost of Socially Responsible Investing”, Journal of Portfolio Management, Fall, 52-56zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alexander G. J., and R.A. Buchholz (1978), “Corporate Social Responsibility andzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stock Market Performance”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 21, 479-86.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bauer R., Koedijk K., and Otten R., (2005), “International Evidence on Ethical Mutual Fundzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Performance and Investment Style”, Journal of Banking and Finance, July, 1751-1767.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bello Z.Y., (2005), “Socially Responsible Investing and Portfolio Diversification”, Journal of Financial Research, Vol. 28, 41-57.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derwall, J., Gunster, N., Bauer, R., and Koedijk, K. (2005), “The Eco-Efficiency Premium Puzzle”zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Financial Analysts Journal 61, March/April, 51-63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Diltz, J. D. (1995). “Does Social Screening Affect Portfolio Performance?” Journal ofzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Investing Spring, 64-69.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goldreyer E.& Dlitz D. (1999). “The Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Incorporating Sociopolitical Information n Portfolio Selection.” Managerial Finance 25, no. 1:zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 23-26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goodwin T.J. (1998), ”The Information Ratio”, Financial Analysts Journal, 34-43zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Graham J., Campbell H., and Shivaram R., (2005) “The Economic Implicationszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) of Corporate Financial Reporting.” Journal of Accounting and Economics 40: 3-73zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gregory A. & J. Whittaker, (2007), “Performance and Performance Persistence ofzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ethical Unit Trusts in the UK”, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, vol. 34, 1327-1344.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hamilton S., Jo H., and Statman M. (1993), “Doing Well While Doing Good: The Investmentzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Performance of Socially Responsible Mutual Funds”, Financial Analysts Journal November/December, 62-66zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heinkel R., Kraus A., and Zechner J (2001) “The Effect of Green Investment on Corporatezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Behavior.” Journal of Quantitative Analysis, December, 421-449zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jobson J.D. & B.M. Korkie, (1981), “Performance Hypothesis Testing with thezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sharpe and Treynor Measures”, Journal of Finance, Vol. 36, 889-908.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kempf & Osthoff, “The effect of socially responsible investing on portfolio performance.”zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) European Financial Management, vol 13(5): 908-922zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kurtz L., (1997), “No Effect, or No Net Effect? Studies on Socially Responsiblezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Investing”, Journal of Investing, 37-49.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kurtz L & DiBartolomeo D (2005), “The KLD Catholic Values 400 Index”, Journal of Investing, Fall, 101-104zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lakonishok, Josef, Shleifer, and Vishny R.V., (1994), “Contrarian Investment,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Extrapolation, and Risk,” The Journal of Finance, Dec., 1541-1578zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lovins B, Lovins H, and Hawken P (1999), A Road Map for Natural Capitalism, Harvard Business Review,May-June issue 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mallin C.B., B. Saadouni and R. Briston, (1995), “The Financial Performance ofzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ethical Investment Trusts”, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Vol. 22, 483-zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 296zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Merton R.C. (1973), “An Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model”, Econometrica,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vol. 41, 867-887zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Naber. M., (2001), “Catholic Investing: The Effects of Screens on Financial Returns”, Journal of Investing, Winterzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ross, S.A. (1976), ‘The Arbitrage Theory of Capital Asset Pricing’, Journal ofzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Economic Theory, Vol. 13, 341-360zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rudd A. (1981), “Social Responsibility and Portfolio Performance”, Californiazh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Management Review, Vol. 23, 55- 61zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sharpe W.F. (1998) “Morningstar’s Mutual Fund Ratings”, Financial Analystszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Journal, Vol. 54, 21-33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Skinner, Douglas J. and Sloan R.G. (2002). “Earnings Surprises, Growth Expectations,zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) and Stock Returns or Don`t Let an Earnings Torpedo Sink Your Portfolio.” Review ofzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Accounting Studies, June-September: 289zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Social Investment Forum (2007), Report on Socially Responsible Investing Trends in United Stateszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Social Investment Forum Foundation (2009), Community Investing, USzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Statman M., (2000) “Socially Responsible Mutual Funds”, Financial Analysts Journal, May/June, 30-39.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Statman M., (2006) “Socially Responsible Indexes”, Journal of Portfolio Management, Summer, 100-109.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Statman M. & Glushkov D (2008) “The wages of social responsibility:, working paperzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Treynor J. L. and F. Black (1973), “How to Use Security Analysis to Improvezh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Portfolio Selection”, Journal of Business, Vol. 46, 66–86zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNEP Finance Initiative Innovative financing for sustainability, PRI Report on Progress 2008zh_TW