1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. 學術產出
  3. 國際事務學院
  4. 學位論文
  5. Item

學術產出-學位論文

文章檢視/開啟

書目匯出

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

引文資訊

TAIR相關學術產出

題名 印度與中國資訊科技能力發展之比較研究
State and Information Technology Development in Inida and China: A Comparative Study
作者 羅邦固
Alagu Perumal Ramasamy
貢獻者 劉德海
Liou, To Hai
羅邦固
Alagu Perumal Ramasamy
關鍵詞 印度與中國
資訊科技
國家與資訊科技
比較研究
國家推動
Sanjaya Lall 模組
印度
中國
India and China
Information Technology
State and Information
Comparative Research
State Thrust
Sanjaya Lall`s Model
India
China
日期 2008
上傳時間 14-九月-2009 10:11:53 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文比較在印度與中國資訊科技法展中國家所扮演之角色。本文的論點為在與中國的發展比較中，印度缺乏充分的跨部會協調及整合親商策略，導致對資訊科技產業的發展產生了負面的影響。約乏跨部會的協調影響了人力資源的產生、公共建設的法展和研發。整合親商策略的缺乏則影響了國家與社會之間的關係。
     本文採用了Sanjaya Lall的模組來分析國家的發展。本文的另一論點為如果印度中央與省政府可以協調其政策，政府可以在資訊科技法展中更有效率。
     在比較中國籍印度政府對資訊科技的發展的案例中，我們可以從國家鼓勵外國公司投資資訊科技製造及服務的政策、國家的勞工政策、基礎建設的發展、人力資本的建立與研發經費中了解國家所扮演的不同但重要的角色。本文最後一個論點為中國與印度政府在資訊科技發展所扮演的角色受其不同政治體制所影響。印度的民主政治試圖討好社會的每一份子，無法像中國能夠建立的政府與商業的協力合作，也因此影響了印度的資訊科技法展。
This dissertation compares the State role in developing information technology in India and China. It argues that the Indian State, compared to the Chinese State, is riddled with poor intra-governmental coordination and poorly integrated pro-business initiatives, which ultimately has affected the overall development of information technology in the country. Poor intra-governmental coordination affects the creation of human capital, infrastructure development and research and development. Poor integration of pro-business initiatives affects the state-society relations in the country.
     Employing the model developed by Sanjaya Lall to analyze national technological development, this dissertation argues that State efforts in India to develop information technology could be a lot more effective if the governments at the central and provincial levels could better coordinate their activities.
     A case oriented comparison of Chinese and Indian States’ investment in information technology development, States’ policies for promoting foreign investment in information technology manufacturing and services, State labor policies, infrastructure development, human capital creation and research and development funding provide us with an understanding of important differences in the roles played by the State. This dissertation further argues that the role played by the governments in China and India in developing information technology is influenced by the respective system of governance. The democratic system of governance in India that aims to satisfy every section of the society is unable to create the kind of government-business synergy that the Chinese State is able to create. This has naturally affected the development of information technology in the country.
參考文獻 (n.d.) Rule by Law. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/ref/world/asia/rule_index.html
(01 April 2003). India unveils huge supercomputer.
BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2906865.stm
(01 April 2008). The next Sino-Indian war! Forbes. http://ia.rediff.com/money/2008/apr/01bpo.htm.
(01 July 2005). Microsoft Pros to Tour Software Parks.
China Daily, http://www.china.org.cn/english/BAT/133700.htm.
(01 June 2006). "Foreign Collaboration and Investments in India." from www.indiajuris.com.
(04 April 2004). Work on IT Corridor Expressway will begin in June. The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu News Online.
(05 January 2005). WTO Entry Promotes Concept of “Rule By Law” in China: NPC Official. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200501/05/eng20050105_169716.html
(05 November 2007). "XMG Estimates 2007 Global Outsourcing Market at US $297 Billion." from http://www.chnsourcing.com/article/news/5/180820071105095147.html.
(06 June 2007). Indian economy may be overheating. International Business Times, http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/20070606/india-economy.htm.
Dreze, J. and A. Goyal (2003). The future of mid-day meals Frontline, http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2016/stories/20030815002208500.htm 20.
Duan, Q. (2005). China`s IT Leadership. Department of Government and Politics. College Park, University of Maryland. Doctor of Philosophy: 292.
Edwards, S. (1998). "Openness, Productivity and Growth: What do We Really Know?" The economic Journal 108 (447): 383-398.
Dwyer (3 March 200). Helping People’s Republic of China’s Judicial System Meet WTO Requirement. http://www.adb.org/Media/Articles/2003/1624_PRC_Helping_Peoples_Republic_of_Chinas_Judicial_System_Meet_WTO_Requirements/
Ein-Dor, P., M. Myers, et al. (October -December, 2004). "IT Industry Development and the Knowledge Economy: A Four Country Study." Journal of Global Information Management 12(4): 23-49.
ELCINA (2007). ELCINA Delegation to China. New Delhi, ELCINA Electronic Industries Association of India.
Evans, P. B. (1992). "Indian Informatics in the 1980s: The Changing Character of State Involvement." World Development 20(1): 1-18.
Evans, P. (1995). Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Falk, M. and K. Seim (2001). "The impact of information technology on high-skilled labor in services: Evidence from firm level Panel Data." Economics of Innovation and New Technology 10(4).
Fares, J., C. E. Montenegro, et al. (2007). How are Youth Faring in the Labor Market? Evidence from Around the World. Policy Research Working Paper 4071. Washington DC, The World Bank.
(07 July 2006). Cabinet refers foreign varsities Bill to GoM. Times of India, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1712038.cms.
Ferguson, C. H. and C. R. Morris (1993). Computer Wars: How the West can win in a Post-IBM world. New York, Times Books Random House.
Flam, K. (1987). Targeting the computer. Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution.
Gartner. (8 October 2007). "Gartner Says Worldwide IT Spending to Surpass $3 Trillion in 2007 ", from http://gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=529409.
Gaulier, G., F. Lemoine, et al. (2007). "China’s Integration in East Asia:Production Sharing, FDI & High-Tech Trade." Economic Change and Restructuring 40: 27-63.
Gereffi, G. and D. L. Wyman, Eds. (1990). Manufacturing Miracles: Path to Industrialization in Latin America and East Asia. Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press.
Ghatate, N. M. (10 April 2004). Speech by Dr. N.M. Ghatate, Vice- Chairman, Law Commission of India. National Conference on Reinventing Indian Legal System for Achieving double digit economic growth, New Delhi, http://www.ficci.com/media-room/speeches-presentations/2004apr/apr10-justice-ghatate.htm. .
Gladys, L.-A. (2002). Technology and Skill Demand in Mexico. Policy Research Working Paper 2779. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Gladys, L.-A., M. Tinajero, et al. (2005). Mexico: Human Capital Effects on Wages and Productivity. Policy Research Working Paper 3791. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Glewwe, P. (1996). "The relevance of standard estimates of rates of return to schooling for educational policy: A critical assessment." Journal of Developmental Economics 51: 267 - 290.
Gold, T. B. (1986). State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle. London, M.E. Sharpe Inc.
(08 August 2008). Right to Education Bill Referred to GoM. The Economic Times, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Right_to_Education_Bill_referred_to_GoM/articleshow/3341908.cms.
Grieco, J. M. (Summer, 1982). "Between Dependency and Autonomy: India`s Experience with the International Computer Industry." International Organization 36(3): 609-632.
Guidi, G. and C. Wu. (2006). Will the Boat Sink the Water? The Life of China`s Peasants. New York, Public Affairs.
Gupta, R. K. (15 November 2007). "India’s Economic Agenda: An Interview With Prime Minister Manmohan Singh." The McKinsey Quarterly, from http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Public_Sector/Economic_Policy/Indias_economic_agenda_An_interview_with_Manmohan_Singh_1674.
Gupta, R. K. (September 2005). "India’s Economic Agenda: An Interview With Prime Minister Manmohan Singh." The McKinsey Quarterly, from http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Public_Sector/Economic_Policy/Indias_economic_agenda_An_interview_with_Manmohan_Singh_1674.
Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the Periphery: The Politics of Growth in the Newly Industrialising Countries. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press.
Hanushek, E. A. and L.Wößmann (2007). The role of education quality in economic growth. Policy Research Working Paper 4122. Washington DC The World Bank.
Hardy, A. and H. Hudson (1981). The role of the telephonic in economic development: an empirical analysis. Washington DC, Keewatin Communications.
Heeks, R. (1996). India`s Software Industry: State Policy, Liberalization and Industrial Development. New Delhi, Sage Publications.
Howe, C. (1997). Introduction. C. Feinstein and C. Howe. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar.
ISC (n.d.). Frequently Asked Questions. New Delhi, Inter-state Council, http://interstatecouncil.nic.in/.
(09 December 2004). How good are Indian Engineers? Rediff News, http://in.rediff.com/getahead/2004/dec/09engineer.htm.
Ito, Takatoshi and Anne O. Kreuger (1995) Growth Theories in Light of the East Asian Experience. National Bureau of Economic Research. Chicago: The Chicago Press.
Jamison, D. and L. Lau (1982). Farmer education and farm efficiency. Baltimore, John Hopkins University Press.
Jayanth V. (18 June 2007). Delayed Projects and Cost over run. The Hindu. Chennai http://www.hindu.com/biz/2007/06/18/stories/2007061800051700.htm.
Jiang, Q.Y. (2004) Court Delay in Developing Countries with Special Reference to China, German Working Papers in Law and Economics., 36.
Johnson (6 September 2007). Engaging India: Crisis in the courts Financial Times, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a6cb3e8a-5b8b-11dc-bc97-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=d20b8a4a-9c84-11da-8762-0000779e2340.html.
Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The growth of Industrial Policy. Stanford, Stanford University Press.
Johnston, T. A. (28 September 2006). `English-medium fine for ministers’ kids in Karnataka, banned for others. The Indian Express Chennai.
Jolliffe, D. (1998). "Skills, schooling and household income in Ghana." World Bank Economic Review 12: 81 - 104.
Joseph, K. J. and K. N. Harilal (2001). India’s Export Boom: Challenges Ahead. Working Paper 317, UNU/WIDER, http://eunpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN012692.pdf.
Jussawalla, M. and R. D. Taylor (2003). Information Technology Parks of the Asia Pacific: Lessons for the Regional Digital Divide. Armonk, New York, M.E. Sharpe Inc.
(09 June 2006). Engineering Education: Can India Overtake China? Rediff News, http://inhome.rediff.com/money/2006/jun/09bspec.htm.
Kalra, A. (14 May 2007). Bill to Allow foreign universities stalled as Arjun opposes clause. The Wall Street Journal. http://www.livemint.com/2007/05/140004153/Bill-to-allow-foreign-universi.html.
Kannan, S. (12 February 2005). IT Corridor — how far have we reached? The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications.
Kasabe, N. (23 December 2003). Lifetime Achievement Award 2003. Dataquest. Available at: http://dqindia.ciol.com/content/top_stories/103122303.asp.
Kasthuri, K. (25 March 2008). "Government itself to blame for backlog of cases ", from http://www.indiatogether.org/2008/mar/gov-litigant.htm.
Ketteni, E., M. Theofanis, et al. (2006). The Effect of Information Technology and Human Capital on Economic Growth. Working Paper 03-07, Rimini:The Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis. http://www.rcfea.org/RePEc/pdf/wp03_07.pdf
Klenow, P. and A. Rodrguez-Clare (1997). Externalities and Growth. NBER Working Paper 11009. Cambridge, Massachusetts, NBER.
Kluver (1995). "The Architecture of Control: A Chinese Strategy for E-Governance." Journal of Public Policy. 25(1): 75-97.
Knight, J. B. and R. H. Sabot (1990). Education, Productivity, and Inequality: The East African Natural Experiment. Cambridge, Oxford University Press.
Kohli, A., Ed. (2001). Introduction. The Success of India`s Democracy. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Kohli, A. (2004). State-Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialisation in the Global Periphery. Cambridge, New York, Cambridge University Press.
(10 April 2004). Speech by Dr N.M. Ghatate, Vice-Chairman, Law Commission of India. National Conference on "Reinventing Indian Legal System for Achieving Double Digit Economic Growth" FICCI. http://www.ficci.com/media-room/speeches-presentations/2004/apr/apr10-justice-ghatate.htm
Komiya, R. (1990). The Japanes Economy: Trade, Industry, and Government. Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press.
Kortum, S. (1993). "Equilibrium R & D and the Patent - R & D Ratio: U.S. Evidence." American Economic Review 83( 2): 450 - 457.
Kraemer, K. L. and J. Dedrick (2001). Creating a Computer Industry Giant: China’s Industrial Policies and Outcomes in the 1990s. Irvine, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, University of California.
Kumar, S. and K. C. Garg (2005). "Scientometrics of computer science research in India and China." Scientometrics 64(2): 121 - 132.
López, R., V. Thomas, et al. (1998). Addressing the Education Puzzle. Policy Research Working Paper 2031. Washington D.C., The World Bank.
Lakha, S. (1994). "The new international division of labour and the Indian Software Industry." Modern Asian Studies 28(2): 381-408.
Lakshaman, T. R. and A. Elhance (1984). Impacts of infrastructure on economic development. Annual workshop of the Building Sector. Boston, MA.
Lal, D. (1983). The Poverty of Development Economics. London, IEA Hobart Paper-back 16.
Lall, S. (1992). "Technological Capabilities and Industrialization." World Development 20(2): 165 - 186.
Lardy, N. R. (2002). Integrating China into the Global Economy. New York, London, Brookings Institution Press.
(10 September 2007). Poor Infrastructure Delays Supercomputer. The Wall Street Journal. http://livement.com/2007/09/09235613/Poor-infrastructure-delays-sup.html.
Lavoie M. and P. Therrien (1999). Employment Effects of Computerization 1971 – 1991, Applied Research Branch, Strategic Policy. Human Resource Development Canada, Canada.
Lazonick, W. (December 2004). "Indigenous innovation and economic development: Lessons from China`s leap into information age." Industry and Innovation.
Lederman, D. and L. Saenz (2005). Innovation and Development around the World, 1960 – 2000. Policy Research Working Paper 3774. Washington D.C., The World Bank.
Linux Devices (14 April 2005). ‘Whither, withering Simputer?’ Available at: http://www.linuxdevices.com/news/NS3539522586.html
Low, L., Ed. (2004). Developmental States: Relevancy, Redundancy or Reconfiguration? New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Lovelock, P., Clark, T.C. and Pettrazani, B.A. (1996) “The Golden Projects: China’s National Networking Intiative”, Information Infrastructure and Policy, 5(4): 265- 278.
Lu, Q. (2000). China`s Leap into the Information Age: Innovation and Organization in the Computer Industry. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Lucas, R. E. (1988). "On the Mechanics of Economic Development." Journal of Monetary Economics 22: 3 - 42
Lucas, R. E. (1990). "Why doesn’t capital flow from rich to poor countries?" American Economic Review 80(2): 92 -96.
Lynch C.G. (07 September 2007). Seven Wonders of the IT World. CIO.com. http://www.cio.com/article/135700/Seven_Wonders_of_the_IT_World/1.
(11 June 2004). Growth of China’s Supercomputer: Feature. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200406/11/eng20040611_146047.html.
Manor, J. (2001). Center-State relations. The Success of India`s Democracy. A. Kohli. New York, Cambridge University Press.
Masters, D. (1 February 2008). China’s 0.5 Billion mobile phone user-base keeps growing. The Telecom, http://www.thetelecom.co.uk/20080201/chinas-05-billion-mobile-phone-user-base-keeps-growing/
Meisner, M. (1977). Mao`s China: A history of the People`s Republic. New York, The Free Press.
Meng, X. (2000). Labor Market Reform in China. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Menon, V. (1994). India. Treading Different Paths: Informatization in Asian Nations. G. Wang. Norwood, New Jersey, Ablex Publishing Corporation: 52 - 67.
Meyer, J.-B. (2001). "Network Approach versus Brain Drain: Lessons from the Diaspora." International Migration 39(5): 91 - 110.
Midgal, J. (1986). Strong States and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World. Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Murthy (October 2002). Western Values and Eastern Challenges. NRIOL. http://www.nriol.com/content/articles/article64.asp
Nagy, H., S. Boyson, et al. (1996). The East Asian Miracle and Information technology. Policy Research Working Paper 326. Washington D.C., The World Bank.
NASSCOM. (2005). "NASSCOM - Mckinsey Report 2005." from http://www.nasscom.in/Nasscom/templates/NormalPage.aspx?id=2599.
(11 October 2008). India - China ink bilateral trade pact. Yahoo News. http://in.news.yahoo.com/139/20081011/808/tnl-india-china-ink-bilateral-trade-pact.html
NASSCOM (2006). Strategic Review 2006. . Delhi, NASSCOM.
NASSCOM (2007 (a)). Indian IT Industry – Fact sheet. New Delhi, National Association for Software and Services Companies.
NASSCOM. (2007 (b)). "Indian IT Industry: NASSCOM Analysis ", from http://www.nasscom.in/upload/5216/Latest_IT_Industry_Factsheet_Aug_07.doc. .
NASSCOM (2007 (c)). Indian IT Industry - NASSCOM Analysis 2007, http://www.nasscom.in/upload/5216/Latest_IT_Industry_Factsheet_Aug_07.doc.
Naughton, B. (1996). Growing out of the Plan: Chinese Economic Reform, 1978 - 1993. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Nelson, R. and E. Phelps (1966). "Investment in humans, technological diffusion, and economic growth." American Economic Review 51(2): 69-75.
Nelson, R. R. (1984). High Technology Policies: A Five-Nation Comparison. Washing ton and London, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
National Innovation Foundation (16 July 1999). ‘Resurgence of Innovative India: The Challenge and the Strategy.’ Sir Purushotamdas Thakurdas Memorial Lecture,1999. Available at: http://www.nif.org.in/Resurgence_of_Innovative_India.
(Noronha 30 January 2007). Simputer Project Struggling to Stay Afloat. Boloji.com http://news.boloji.com/200701/01217.htm
North, D. C. (1981). Structure and Change in Economic Thought. New York and London, W.W. Norton & Company.
(13 February 2007). India’s fastest supercomputer on its way. Silicon India. http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/35003.
OECD (1987). Structural Adjustment and Economic Performance. Paris, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
OECD (August/September 1998). Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 1998. Paris, OECD.
Oi, J. C. (December, 1995). "The Role of the Local State in China`s Transitional Economy." The China Quarterly 144: 1132-1149
Parayil, G., Ed. (2006). Political Economy and Information Capitalism in India: Digital Divide, Development and Equity. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
Parikh, K. and S. Yasmeen. (2004). "Groundswell for mid-day mean scheme." from http://www.indiatogether.org/2004/jan/pov-midmeal.htm.
Parmani, N. and T. K. Bandhyopadhyay (1 February 2008). Collaborative Research in India: Academic Institution v/s Industry, SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1101984.
Parthasarathy, B. (2004). "Globalizing Information Technology: The Domestic Policy Context for India’s Software Production and Exports." Iterations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Software History 3.
Parthsarathy, A. (23 June 2005). ‘India-made supercomputers out of global ‘Top 500’.’ The Hindu. Available at: http://www.thehindu.com/2005/06/23/stories/2005062302661300.htm
__________. (8 July 2006). ‘Has India opted out of the supercomputing race?’ The Hindu. Available at: http://www.thehindu.com/2006/07/08/stories/2006/070803131300.htm
Pei, M. (2006). China`s Trapped Transition: The Limits of Developmental Autocracy. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press.
(13 March 2008). India Lags China in R&D spending: Sibal. The Financial Express. http://www.financialexpress.com/news/India-lags-China-in-R&D-spending-Sibal/283583/
Phadnis, C. (15 January 2003). ‘And Miles to Go.’ The Hindu Business Line. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ew/2003/01/15/stories/2003011500090100.htm
Pingle, V. (1999). Rethinking the Developmental State: India`s Industry in Comparative Perspective. New York, St. Martin`s Press.
Popkin, J. M. and P. Iyengar (2007). IT and the East - How China and India are altering the future of technology and Innovation. Boston, Harvard Business school Press.
Ragin, C. C. (1987). Case-Oriented Comparative Methods. The comparative Method. Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press: 34-53.
Ramachandran, K. ( 07 August 2006). Is our education system outdated? The Hindu, http://www.hindu.com/edu/2006/08/07/stories/2006080705010100.htm.
Ramakrishnan, N. (23 February 2005). Partnership pact signed to develop Chennai IT corridor The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications.
Ramesh, B. S. (27 June 2007). Schools yet to come to grips with court order. The Hindu. Chennai http://www.hindu.com/2007/06/27stories/2007062752870400.htm.
Rasiah, R. (Spring/Summer 2007). "Export Orientation and Technological Intensities in Auto Parts Firms in East and Southeast Asia: Does Ownership Matter?" Asian Economic Papers 6(2): 55-76.
Reinganum, J. F. (1984). "Practical Implications of Game Theoretic Models of R & D." American Economic Review 74(2): 61 - 66.
Reinganum, J. F., Ed. (1989). The Timing of Innovation: Research, Development and Diffusion Handbook of Industrial Organization. New York, North Holland.
(14 June 2007 ). Northern States lead in IT Sector. The Tribune, http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070615/haryana.htm.
Revenga, A. and M.Riboud (1993). Unemployment in Mexico - Its Characteristics and Determinants. Policy Research Working Paper 1230. P. R. Department. Washington D.C., The World Bank.
Romer, P. M. (1990). "Endogenous technical change." Journal of Political Economy 98: 71 - 102.
Rosenberg (2002). Cloning Silicon Valley: The Next Generation High-Tech Hotspots. London, Reuters/Pearson Education.
Saich, T. (2001). Governance and Politics of China. Hampshire and New York, Palgrave.
SAMSS (2007, November). ‘2007 China Top 100 List of High Performance Computer. The Specialty Association of Mathematical & Scientific Software, CSIA. Available at: http://www.samss.org.cn/2007-China-HPC-TOP100-20071110-end.htm
Schware, R. (1992). "Software Industry Entry Strategies for Developing Countries: A "Walking on Two Legs" Proposition." World Development 20(2): 143-164
Segal, A. (2003). Digital Dragon: High Technology Enterprises in China. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press.
Sen, P. (1994). "Software exports from India: A Systemic Analysis." Electronics Information and Planning 22(2): 55-63.
Shah, A. (1992). "Dynamics of Public Infrastructure, Industrial Productivity and Profitability." Review of Economics and Statistics 74(28 - 36).
Shaun, B. G. (December, 1996). "China: developmental state or dysfunctional development?" Third World Quarterly 17(4): 689-706.
(14 March 2006). Investment into China records 8% high. People`s Daily Online, http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200603/14/eng20060314_250433.html.
Shin, J.-S. and Y.-P. Chu (2006). Three Paths for Hig-Technology Catch-Up: Singapore, Korea and Taiwan. The East Asian Hig-Tech Drive. Y.-P. Chu and H. Hill. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar.
Siebert, H. (2007). "China: Coming to Grips with the New Global Player." The World Economy 30(6): 893 - 922.
Singh, M. (14 August 2005). Centre and the states – A New Compact. The Indian Express. http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/columnists/full_column.php?content_id=76226.
Singh, Z. (2003). "Siting of Technology Organizations." from http://www.american.edu/initeb/zs2946a/siting.htm.
Singhal, A. and E. M.Rogers (2001). India`s Communication Revolution: from bullock carts to cyber marts. New Delhi, Sage Publications.
Singhal, A. and E. M. Rogers (1989). India`s Information Revolution. New Delhi, Sage Publications.
So, W.Y. Bennis (December 2005). "The Transition of the State-Business elationship in China: A Case Study of the Private Software Industry in Beijing." Issues & Studies 41 (4): 175 - 207.
Solow, R. (2001). "Applying Growth Theory across Countries." The World Bank Economic Review 15(2): 283 - 88.
Spary, C. and A. Wyatt (2006). "The General Election in India." Electoral Studies 25(2): 398 – 404.
Sridharan, E. (1996). The Political Economy of Industrial Promotion: Indian, Brazilian and Korean Electronics in Comparative Perspective, 1969 -1994. Westport, Praeger.
(15 August 2005). China’s Legal System in Transition. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200508/15/eng20050815_202556.html
Srivats, K.R. (06 September 2007). China’s new corpoarte tax code to spur foreign investments. The Hindu Business Line. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/09/06/stories/2007090652880100.htm
(Sterling, 9 December 2001). The Year in Ideas A to Z; Simputer. The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9505E4DD143CF93AA35751C1A9679C8B63
Straub, Stephane, 2008. "Infrastructure and growth in developing countries : recent advances and research challenges," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4460, The World Bank.
Stress, R. E. (1996). The Microsoft Way. Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley.
Subramanian, C. (1993). Hand of Destiny: The Turning Point. Bombay, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Subramanian, C. R. (1992). India and the Computer: A Study of Planned Development. New Delhi, Bombay, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Subramanian, R. (2006). "India and Information Technology: A Historical & Critical Perspective." Journal of Global Information Technology Management 9(4).
Tendulkar, S. D. (2003). Organised Labor Market in Pre and Post Reform. New Delhi, Delhi School of Economics.
Top500.org (n.d.). The site produces the list of top 500 sites using supercomputers. http://www.top500.org/system/8968.
Tschang, T. and L. Xue (2005). The Chinese Software Industry. From Underdogs to Tigers: The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland, and Israel. A. Arora and A. Gambardella. New York, Oxford University Press.
(18 July 1997). India’s latest supercomputer ready for global market. Rediff News. http://ia.rediff.com/computer/jul/08c-dac.htm
UN (2008). UN E-Government Survey 2008. New York, United Nations.
UNCTAD (2000). Tax Incentives and Foreign Direct Investment: A Global Survey. Geneva, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
UNDP (2001). Human Development Report: Making new technologies work for human development. New York, Oxford University Press.
UNIDO (2003). Industrial Development Report 2002 - 2003: Competing through innovation and learning. Vienna, UNIDO.
UNIDO. (n.d.). "Investment and Technology Promotion Overview. ." from http://www.unido.org/index.php?id=o5067.
UNU (1994). The uncertain quest: science, technology, and development. Tokyo, United Nations University Press.
Varshney, L. R. (29 November 2006). Private Engineering Education in India: Market Failures and Regulatory Solutions. Massachusetts, Science, Technology, and Public Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Vijverberg, W. P. M., Ed. (1999). The impact of schooling and cognitive skills on income from non-farm self-employment. The economic of school quality investments in developing countries: An empirical study of Ghana New York, St Martin’s Press.
Vittal, N. and S. Mahalingam (2001). Information Technology: India`s Tommorow. New Delhi, Manas Publications.
Wade, R. (1990). Governing the Market: Economic theory and The Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. Princeton, Princeton University Press.
(19 June 2006). "China’s Amazing SEZs." Project Monitor, from http://www.projectsmonitor.com/detailnews.asp?newsid=11583.
Wadhwa, V. (13 December 2005). About the Engineering Gap. Business Week, http://www.businessweek.com/smallbiz/content/dec2005/sb20051212_623922.htm.
Walsh, K. A. (2005). China’s High-Technology Development. Palo Alto, US-CHINA ECONOMIC & SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION.
Wang, J. C. F. (2002). Contemporary Chinese Politics: An Introduction. New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Wang, Y.-F. (1991). China`s Science and Technology Policy. Department of Political Science. University of Stockholm.
WEF (2008). The global competitiveness report 2007 - 2008. . New York, Oxford University Press.
Welch, F. (1970). "Education in production." Journal of Political Economy 78(1): 35 - 59.
Wheeler, D. and A. Mody (1992). "International investment location decisions: the case of US firms." Journal of International Economics 33(57-76).
White, G., Ed. (1988). Developmental States in East Asia. New York, St. Martin`s Press.
White, G. and R. Wade (1988). Developmental States and Markets in East Asia: an Introduction. Developmental States in East Asia. G. White. New York, St. Martin`s Press: 1-27.
WITSA (2006). Digital Planet 2006. . New York, Global Insight Inc, http://www.witsa.org/digitalplantet/2006/Final_0426.pdf.
(19 June 2006). India: Why Apple Walked Away. Business Week: 48.
Wong, J., and Kong W.C., "China`s Software Industry: Moving on the Fast Track", Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies 2(1): 73 - 95.
Wood, A. (1994). North – South Trade, Employment, and Inequality: Changing Fortunes in a Skill Driven World. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
World Bank (1994). World Development Report. Washington D.C., The World Bank.
World Bank (1997) World Development Report 1997: The State in a Changing World. Washington D.C.: The World Bank, 33.
Xia, M. (2000). The Dual Development State: Developmental Strategy and Institutional Arrangements for China`s Transition. Aldershot, Hants, Ashgate.
Yeo, E. (Apr - Jun 1999). "Technological Capabilities of Our Defence Industries." Pointer : Jounral of Singapore Armed Forces 25(2).
Zhang M. (2002). "Information Technology Policy Making in the People`s Republic of China". International Journal of Public Administration 25(5): 693-721
Zhong, W. (31 October 2007). China’s latest SEZ is banking on harmony. Asia Times Online, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/IJ31Cb02.html.
(20 October 2006). National Knowledge Commission Recommendations on Language. New Delhi, National Knowledge Commission, http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/recommendations/language.asp
(20 November 2003). China’s DeepComp 6800 world’s 14th fastest supercomputer. People`s Daily Online. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200311/19/eng20031119_128576.shtml.
(21 August 2007 (b)). Tracing China’s IT Software Services Industry Evolution. New Delhi, NASSCOM.
(21 June 2005). Language panel fumes at English medium move Times of India, http://timesofindia.indiatmes.com/articleshow/1148014.cms.
(21 November 2007). March deadline set for IT corridor project The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications, http://www.hinduonnet.com/2007/11/21/stories/2007112158460100.htm.
(22 July 2005). China begins preliminary research on 1000 teraflops computer. People`s Daily Online. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200507/22/eng20050722_197777.html.
(23 May 2007). Nearly 30 million cases pending in courts. Hindustan Times. New Delhi, http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=a17d40c0-fe81-4c21-a38c-7596eb833742&ParentID=c9909b9d-e5c0-4333-84d2-aff7f649a5c2&MatchID1=4617&TeamID1=3&TeamID2=4&MatchType1=1&SeriesID1=1163&PrimaryID=4617&Headline=Nearly+30+million+cases+pending+in+courts.
(23 October 2003). Indian makes low-cost supercomp. Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/248503.cms.
(24 February 2008). Caught in the middle. Business India: 50 - 78.
(24 January 2008). India Adds More New Connections Than China in 2007. Cellular News http://www.cellular-news.com/story/28809.php.
(25 September 2006). " I am not against SEZs: Chidambaram." from http://www.rediff.com/money/2006/sep/25inter.htm.
(27 April 2008). US Puts India on Priority Watch List. The Financial Express. http://www.financialexpress.com/news/US-puts-India-on-priority-watch-list/302153/
(27 July 2002). Vocational Education crucial to China’s Social Development. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200207/27/eng20020727_100441.shtml
(29 March 2004). Simputer for poor goes on sale’ BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3578309.stm.
(29 September 2001). "China to Pour 1 trillion yuan in IT industry." People`s Daily Online, Beijing, http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200109/29/print20010929_81402.html
(29 October 2007). "India needs Dollars 500 billion for infrastructure projects." from http://www.igovernment.in/site/india-needs-500-billion-for-infrastructure-projects/.
(1998). "National Task Force for IT and Software Development ", from http://it-taskforce.nic.in/index.html.
( 2001 – 2002). Demand for Grants. Department of Information Technology. http://164.100.47.133/ls/committeeR/Communication/24.pdf
(2003). Working of National Informatics Centre. Fifty Sixth Report of the Standing Committee on Information Technology. New Delhi, Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.133/ls/committeeR/Communication/56.pdf
(2004 - 2005). Demand for Grants. First Report of the Standing Committee on Information Technology. on Information Technology. New Delhi, Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/1info.pdf
(2005). "Software Technology Parks of India: Information Handbook under the Right to Information Act 2005." from http://www.stpi.in/RTI/NRTI2005.pdf.
(2005-2006). Statistical Yearbook, Electronics and Computer Software Export Promotion Council (ESC), http://www.escindia.in/export_statistics.pdf.
(2005 – 2006 (a)). Demands for Grants (2005-06) relating to the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (Department of Information Technology). http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/15rep.pdf
(2007). China Science and Technology Statistics Data book 2007, P.R.C: Ministry of Science and Technology, http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/statistics/2007/200801/P020080109573867344872.pdf
(2007). Doing Business, World Bank, http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/
(2008 - 2009). Demands of Grants. Standing Committee on Information Technology . New Delhu, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/REP-INFORM-58E-PUB.pdf
2005-2006 Annual Report 2005-2006 New Delhi, Controller General of Patents, Designs, Trade Marks and Registrar of Geographical Indications. http://ipindia.nic.in/cgpdtm/AnnualReport_2005_2006.pdf.
Acemoglu, D. and F. Zillibotti (2001). "Productivity Differences." Quarterly Journal of Economics. 116(2): 563 - 606.
Aghion, P. and P. Howitt (1998). Endogenous Growth Theory. Cambridge, Massachusetts, The MIT Press.
Alderman H., J. R. Behrman, et al. (1996). "The returns to endogenous human capital in Pakistan’s rural wage labor market " Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 58(29-55).
Almeida, R. and P. Carneiro (2006). The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital Policy Research Working Paper 3851. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Angrist , J.D. and V. Lavy (1997). " The effect of a change in language of instruction on the returns to schooling in Morocco." Journal of Labor Economics 15(48-76).
Antle, J. (1983). "Infrastructure and aggregate agricultural productivity: International evidence " Economic Development and Cultural Change 31(3).
Archibugi, D. and A. Coco (2004). "A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo)." World Development 32(4): 629 -654.
Arora, A. and A. Gambardella, Eds. (2005). From Underdogs to Tigers: The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Arun, K. (27 April 2007). One for the Road. The New Indian Express. Chennai, Indian Express, http://www.newindpress.com/sunday/sundayitems.asp?id=SEG20070427083137&eTitle=Insight&rLink=0.
Aschauer, D. (1989). "Is Public Expenditure Productive? ." Journal of Monetary Economics 23(171-200).
Athreye, S. S. (2005). The Indian Software Industry. From underdogs to Tigers: The rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel. A. Arora and A. Gambardella. New York, Oxford University Press.
Autor, D. H., L. F. Katz, et al. (1997). Computing inequality: Have computers changed the labor market? NBER Working Paper No. 5956. Cambridge MA, NBER.
Bagchi, S. (January, 1985). The First Computer Comes to India. Dataquest. New Delhi, Cyber Media.
Barro, R. J. (1991). "Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries." Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (1): 407 - 443.
Barro, R. J. (1996). Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study. NBER Working Paper no. 5698, National Bureau of Economic Research
Behrman, J. (1990). The action of human resources and poverty on one another. LSMS Paper No. 74. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Behrman, J. R., D. Ross, et al. (2008). "Improving quality versus increasing the quantity of schooling: Estimates of rates of return from rural Pakistan." Journal of Development Economics 85(1-2): 94 - 104.
Benhabib, J. and M. M. Spiegel (1994). "The role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence from Aggregate Cross-Country Data." Journal of Monetary Economics 34(143-173).
Bharathi, P. (2005). India`s IT Services Industry: A Comparative Analysis. Computer, IEEE Computer Society. 38: 5.
Bhaskerrao, B. (10 March 2004). "Ayyagari Sambasiva Rao." Current Science 86(5).
Boissiere, M. X., J. B. Knight, et al. (1985). "Earnings, schooling, ability, and cognitive skills." American Economic review 75(5): 1016 - 1030.
Bosch, M., D. Lederman, et al. (2005). Patenting and Research and Development: A Global View Policy Research Working Paper 3739. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Brunner, H.-P. (1991). "Building Technological Capacity: A Case Study of the Computer Industry in India, 1975 - 87." World Development 19(12): 1737-1751.
Cai, K. G. (2008). The Political Economy of East Asia: Regional and National Dimensions. Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan.
Calderón, C. and L. Servén (2005). The Effects of Infrastructure Development on Growth and Income Distribution.’ Policy Research Working Paper 3400. Washington DC, The World Bank.
Chan, N. (2003). "Land Acquisition Compensation in China – Problems & Answers." International Real Estate Review 6(1): 136 - 152.
Chandrasekhar, C. P. (2006). The Political Economy of IT-driven Outsourcing. Political Economy and Information Capitalism in India: Digital Divide, Development and Equity. G. Parayil. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
Chandrasekhar, C. P. and J. Ghosh (27 November 2007). SEZs in India: The Record so far. The Hindu Business Line, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/11/27/stories/2007112750070900.htm.
Chatterjee, S. (03 September 2007). China has potential for IT Growth, but lags behind India: NASSCOM. International Business Times http://in.ibtimes.com/articles/20070903/china-lags-behind-india-in-itsays-nasscom_all.htm. .
Chaze, A. (2006). India: An Investor`s Guide to the Next Economic Superpower. New Delhi, John Wiley & Sons.
Chen, C.-H. and H.-T. Shih (2005). High-Tech Industries in China. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar.
Cheung, T. M. (June, 1996). "Guarding China`s Domestic Front Line: The People`s Armed Police and China`s Stability." The China Quarterly(146): 525 - 547.
Chibber, V. (2006). Locked in Place: State building and late industrialization in India. Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press.
Chu, Y.-P. and H. Hill, Eds. (2006). The East Asian High-Tech Drive. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar.
Chun, H. (2003). "Information Technology and demand for the educated workers: Disentangling the impacts of adoption versus use." Review of Economic and Statistics 83(1): 1-8.
Cline, W. (1982). Reciprocity - A new approach to world trade policy? Washington D.C., Institute for International Economics.
Commander, S. (2005). The Software Industry in Emerging Markets. London, Edward Elgar.
Connors, M. (1993). The Race to the Intelligent State: Towards the Global Information Economy of 2005. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Blackwell Business.
D`Costa, A. P. (2003). "Uneven and Combined Development: Understanding Indias Software Exports." World Development 31( 1): 211-226.
D`Costa, A. P. (2004). The Indian Software Industry in the Global Division of Labour. India in the Global Software Industry: Innovation, Firm Strategies and Development. A. P. D`Costa and E. Sridharan. Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan: 1 - 26.
D`Costa, A. P. and E.Sridharan, Eds. (2004). India in the Global Software Industry: Innovation, Firm strategies and Development. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
Dedrick, J. (May, 2003). Enter the Dragon: China and the Global Computer Industry. The Global IT Industry: The Future of China and India, Moffett Field,CA, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (CRITO) and UCSC Regional Center
Dedrick, J. and K. L. Kraemer (May, 1993). "Information Technology in India: The Quest for Self-Reliance." Asian Survey 33(5): 463-492.
Dickinson, S. (29 November 2007) Debunking Myths about China’s Legal System. China Economic Review. http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/nov2007/gb20071129_851610.htm?chan=top+news+index_global+business
Dickson, B. J. (Winter, 2000-2001). "Cooptation and Corporatism in China: The Logic of Party Adaptation." Political Science Quarterly 115(4): 517-540.
Dossani, R. (September 2005) Origins and Growth of the Software Industry in India. Volume, DOI:
描述 博士
國立政治大學
外交研究所
91253506
97
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912535061
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉德海zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liou, To Haien_US
dc.contributor.author (作者) 羅邦固zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (作者) Alagu Perumal Ramasamyen_US
dc.creator (作者) 羅邦固zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Alagu Perumal Ramasamyen_US
dc.date (日期) 2008en_US
dc.date.accessioned 14-九月-2009 10:11:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 14-九月-2009 10:11:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 14-九月-2009 10:11:53 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G0912535061en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31441-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 外交研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91253506zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文比較在印度與中國資訊科技法展中國家所扮演之角色。本文的論點為在與中國的發展比較中，印度缺乏充分的跨部會協調及整合親商策略，導致對資訊科技產業的發展產生了負面的影響。約乏跨部會的協調影響了人力資源的產生、公共建設的法展和研發。整合親商策略的缺乏則影響了國家與社會之間的關係。
     本文採用了Sanjaya Lall的模組來分析國家的發展。本文的另一論點為如果印度中央與省政府可以協調其政策，政府可以在資訊科技法展中更有效率。
     在比較中國籍印度政府對資訊科技的發展的案例中，我們可以從國家鼓勵外國公司投資資訊科技製造及服務的政策、國家的勞工政策、基礎建設的發展、人力資本的建立與研發經費中了解國家所扮演的不同但重要的角色。本文最後一個論點為中國與印度政府在資訊科技發展所扮演的角色受其不同政治體制所影響。印度的民主政治試圖討好社會的每一份子，無法像中國能夠建立的政府與商業的協力合作，也因此影響了印度的資訊科技法展。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This dissertation compares the State role in developing information technology in India and China. It argues that the Indian State, compared to the Chinese State, is riddled with poor intra-governmental coordination and poorly integrated pro-business initiatives, which ultimately has affected the overall development of information technology in the country. Poor intra-governmental coordination affects the creation of human capital, infrastructure development and research and development. Poor integration of pro-business initiatives affects the state-society relations in the country.
     Employing the model developed by Sanjaya Lall to analyze national technological development, this dissertation argues that State efforts in India to develop information technology could be a lot more effective if the governments at the central and provincial levels could better coordinate their activities.
     A case oriented comparison of Chinese and Indian States’ investment in information technology development, States’ policies for promoting foreign investment in information technology manufacturing and services, State labor policies, infrastructure development, human capital creation and research and development funding provide us with an understanding of important differences in the roles played by the State. This dissertation further argues that the role played by the governments in China and India in developing information technology is influenced by the respective system of governance. The democratic system of governance in India that aims to satisfy every section of the society is unable to create the kind of government-business synergy that the Chinese State is able to create. This has naturally affected the development of information technology in the country.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter: Page
     
     1: State and Information Technology Development - An Introduction 1
     
      1. Purpose of the Study 2
      2. The Basic Argument 2
      3. Why Compare China and India? 3
      4. Integration of India and China in the Global Division of Production in the IT Industry 4
      5. A Comparison of the current IT landscape in India and China 7
      6. Literature Review 14
     
      1.6.1. Theoretical Foundation 15
     
      1.6.2. State Intervention in Information Technology Development 18
     
      1.6.3. State and IT Development in India and China 19
     
      1.7 Research Methodology and a framework for analysis 25
     
      1.7.1. An approach for analyzing National Technological Development 26
     
      1.7.1.1. Capabilities: Human Capital, Physical Capital and Technological Effort 28
     
      1.7.1.2. Incentives 38
     
      1.7.1.3 Institutions 39
     
      1.7.2. Summarizing Lall (1992) framework for measuring National Technological Capability 41
     
      1.7 Contributions of the study 43
     
      1.8 Dissertation Organization 44
     
      1.9 Summarizing State and Information Technology Development 44
     
     
     
     2: State and IT Development in India and China – Past and Present 46
     
      2.1 State and IT Development: The Era of Self Reliance (1950 to mid 1970s) 46
     
      2.2 State and IT Development: The Era of Change (late 1970s to early 1990s) 51 2.3 State and IT Development: The Era of rapid liberalization (early 1990s to till now) 54
     
      2.4 State led IT Development in India – The missing links 56
     
      2.4.1. English Language – the link between the West and India 57
     
      2.4.2. Capabilities - Higher Education 62
     
      2.4.3. Incentives - Information Technology Policy Development and Implementation 64
     
      2.4.4. Institutions – the politics of Special Economic Zones 66
     
      2.5. Summarizing State and IT Development in India and China 67
     
      3: State and Capability Creation for IT Development in India and China 70
     
      3.1 State’s role in Human Capital Generation 72
     
      3.1.1 State’s Role in Providing Basic Literacy 74
     
      3.1.2 State role in Higher Education 79
     
      3.2 State and Physical Capital Accumulation (Infrastructure Development) 84
     
      3.2.1 State and Infrastructure Development in India 84
     
      3.2.2 State and Infrastructure Development in China 89
     
      3.2.3 Comparing State Role in Physical Infrastructure Development in India and China 92
     
      3.3 State and Technological Effort 95
     
      3.3.1 Number of Research Publications in International Journals 96
     
      3.3.2 Number of Patents 98
     
      3.3.3 Investments in R&D 104
     
      3.3.4 Industrial R&D, Technical Collaborations and Incubation centres 105
     
      3.3.5 Domestic IT Spending 106
     
      3.4. Summarizing State and Capabilities Creation for IT Development 109
     
     
     
     
     
     4: State and Incentives for IT Development in India and China 111
     
      4.1. Macroeconomic Incentives 112
     
      4.2. Incentives from Competition 114
     
      4.2.1. IT Policy of India 124
     
      4.2.2. IT Policy of China 120
     
      4.2.3. Summarizing IT Policies 128
     
      4.3. Incentives from factor markets - Labor in India and China 129
     
      4.4. Tax Incentives for IT Sector in India and China 134
     
      4.5. Summarizing State and Incentives for IT Development in India and China 137
     
     5: State and Institutions for IT Development in India and China 140
     
      5.1 State Thrust behind IT Development in India and China 140
     
      5.1.1 State thrust for IT Development in India 141
     
      5.1.2 State Thrust for IT Development in China 145
     
      5.2 Property Rights Protection and Land Acquisition in India and China 156
     
      5.3 Legal Framework in India and China 160
     
      5.8 Summarizing State and Institutions for IT Development in India and China 166
     
     6: Concluding State and IT Development in India and China 168
     
      6.1 State Led Development Model 168
     
      6.2 Comparing and linking the IT industries in India and China 171
     
      6.3 State and Capabilities (Human Capital, Physical Infrastructure and Technological Effort)
     
      Creation for IT Development 173
     
      6.4 State and Incentives for IT Development 177
     
      6.5 Institutions and IT Development in India and China 179
     
      6.6 Implications for IT Development in India and China 181
     
      6.7 Cooperation and competition for IT development between India and China 183
     
     Appendix 187
     
     Bibliography 195		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912535061en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 印度與中國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資訊科技zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國家與資訊科技zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 比較研究zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 國家推動zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sanjaya Lall 模組zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 印度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) India and Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Information Technologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) State and Informationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Comparative Researchen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) State Thrusten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Sanjaya Lall`s Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Indiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Chinaen_US
dc.title (題名) 印度與中國資訊科技能力發展之比較研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) State and Information Technology Development in Inida and China: A Comparative Studyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (n.d.) Rule by Law. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/ref/world/asia/rule_index.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (01 April 2003). India unveils huge supercomputer.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2906865.stmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (01 April 2008). The next Sino-Indian war! Forbes. http://ia.rediff.com/money/2008/apr/01bpo.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (01 July 2005). Microsoft Pros to Tour Software Parks.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) China Daily, http://www.china.org.cn/english/BAT/133700.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (01 June 2006). "Foreign Collaboration and Investments in India." from www.indiajuris.com.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (04 April 2004). Work on IT Corridor Expressway will begin in June. The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu News Online.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (05 January 2005). WTO Entry Promotes Concept of “Rule By Law” in China: NPC Official. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200501/05/eng20050105_169716.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (05 November 2007). "XMG Estimates 2007 Global Outsourcing Market at US $297 Billion." from http://www.chnsourcing.com/article/news/5/180820071105095147.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (06 June 2007). Indian economy may be overheating. International Business Times, http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/20070606/india-economy.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dreze, J. and A. Goyal (2003). The future of mid-day meals Frontline, http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2016/stories/20030815002208500.htm 20.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Duan, Q. (2005). China`s IT Leadership. Department of Government and Politics. College Park, University of Maryland. Doctor of Philosophy: 292.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Edwards, S. (1998). "Openness, Productivity and Growth: What do We Really Know?" The economic Journal 108 (447): 383-398.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dwyer (3 March 200). Helping People’s Republic of China’s Judicial System Meet WTO Requirement. http://www.adb.org/Media/Articles/2003/1624_PRC_Helping_Peoples_Republic_of_Chinas_Judicial_System_Meet_WTO_Requirements/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ein-Dor, P., M. Myers, et al. (October -December, 2004). "IT Industry Development and the Knowledge Economy: A Four Country Study." Journal of Global Information Management 12(4): 23-49.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ELCINA (2007). ELCINA Delegation to China. New Delhi, ELCINA Electronic Industries Association of India.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Evans, P. B. (1992). "Indian Informatics in the 1980s: The Changing Character of State Involvement." World Development 20(1): 1-18.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Evans, P. (1995). Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton, Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Falk, M. and K. Seim (2001). "The impact of information technology on high-skilled labor in services: Evidence from firm level Panel Data." Economics of Innovation and New Technology 10(4).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fares, J., C. E. Montenegro, et al. (2007). How are Youth Faring in the Labor Market? Evidence from Around the World. Policy Research Working Paper 4071. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (07 July 2006). Cabinet refers foreign varsities Bill to GoM. Times of India, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1712038.cms.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ferguson, C. H. and C. R. Morris (1993). Computer Wars: How the West can win in a Post-IBM world. New York, Times Books Random House.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Flam, K. (1987). Targeting the computer. Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gartner. (8 October 2007). "Gartner Says Worldwide IT Spending to Surpass $3 Trillion in 2007 ", from http://gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=529409.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gaulier, G., F. Lemoine, et al. (2007). "China’s Integration in East Asia:Production Sharing, FDI & High-Tech Trade." Economic Change and Restructuring 40: 27-63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gereffi, G. and D. L. Wyman, Eds. (1990). Manufacturing Miracles: Path to Industrialization in Latin America and East Asia. Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ghatate, N. M. (10 April 2004). Speech by Dr. N.M. Ghatate, Vice- Chairman, Law Commission of India. National Conference on Reinventing Indian Legal System for Achieving double digit economic growth, New Delhi, http://www.ficci.com/media-room/speeches-presentations/2004apr/apr10-justice-ghatate.htm. .zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gladys, L.-A. (2002). Technology and Skill Demand in Mexico. Policy Research Working Paper 2779. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gladys, L.-A., M. Tinajero, et al. (2005). Mexico: Human Capital Effects on Wages and Productivity. Policy Research Working Paper 3791. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Glewwe, P. (1996). "The relevance of standard estimates of rates of return to schooling for educational policy: A critical assessment." Journal of Developmental Economics 51: 267 - 290.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gold, T. B. (1986). State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle. London, M.E. Sharpe Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (08 August 2008). Right to Education Bill Referred to GoM. The Economic Times, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Right_to_Education_Bill_referred_to_GoM/articleshow/3341908.cms.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grieco, J. M. (Summer, 1982). "Between Dependency and Autonomy: India`s Experience with the International Computer Industry." International Organization 36(3): 609-632.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Guidi, G. and C. Wu. (2006). Will the Boat Sink the Water? The Life of China`s Peasants. New York, Public Affairs.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gupta, R. K. (15 November 2007). "India’s Economic Agenda: An Interview With Prime Minister Manmohan Singh." The McKinsey Quarterly, from http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Public_Sector/Economic_Policy/Indias_economic_agenda_An_interview_with_Manmohan_Singh_1674.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gupta, R. K. (September 2005). "India’s Economic Agenda: An Interview With Prime Minister Manmohan Singh." The McKinsey Quarterly, from http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Public_Sector/Economic_Policy/Indias_economic_agenda_An_interview_with_Manmohan_Singh_1674.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the Periphery: The Politics of Growth in the Newly Industrialising Countries. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hanushek, E. A. and L.Wößmann (2007). The role of education quality in economic growth. Policy Research Working Paper 4122. Washington DC The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hardy, A. and H. Hudson (1981). The role of the telephonic in economic development: an empirical analysis. Washington DC, Keewatin Communications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heeks, R. (1996). India`s Software Industry: State Policy, Liberalization and Industrial Development. New Delhi, Sage Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Howe, C. (1997). Introduction. C. Feinstein and C. Howe. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ISC (n.d.). Frequently Asked Questions. New Delhi, Inter-state Council, http://interstatecouncil.nic.in/.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (09 December 2004). How good are Indian Engineers? Rediff News, http://in.rediff.com/getahead/2004/dec/09engineer.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ito, Takatoshi and Anne O. Kreuger (1995) Growth Theories in Light of the East Asian Experience. National Bureau of Economic Research. Chicago: The Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jamison, D. and L. Lau (1982). Farmer education and farm efficiency. Baltimore, John Hopkins University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jayanth V. (18 June 2007). Delayed Projects and Cost over run. The Hindu. Chennai http://www.hindu.com/biz/2007/06/18/stories/2007061800051700.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jiang, Q.Y. (2004) Court Delay in Developing Countries with Special Reference to China, German Working Papers in Law and Economics., 36.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johnson (6 September 2007). Engaging India: Crisis in the courts Financial Times, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a6cb3e8a-5b8b-11dc-bc97-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=d20b8a4a-9c84-11da-8762-0000779e2340.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The growth of Industrial Policy. Stanford, Stanford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Johnston, T. A. (28 September 2006). `English-medium fine for ministers’ kids in Karnataka, banned for others. The Indian Express Chennai.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jolliffe, D. (1998). "Skills, schooling and household income in Ghana." World Bank Economic Review 12: 81 - 104.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Joseph, K. J. and K. N. Harilal (2001). India’s Export Boom: Challenges Ahead. Working Paper 317, UNU/WIDER, http://eunpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN012692.pdf.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jussawalla, M. and R. D. Taylor (2003). Information Technology Parks of the Asia Pacific: Lessons for the Regional Digital Divide. Armonk, New York, M.E. Sharpe Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (09 June 2006). Engineering Education: Can India Overtake China? Rediff News, http://inhome.rediff.com/money/2006/jun/09bspec.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kalra, A. (14 May 2007). Bill to Allow foreign universities stalled as Arjun opposes clause. The Wall Street Journal. http://www.livemint.com/2007/05/140004153/Bill-to-allow-foreign-universi.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kannan, S. (12 February 2005). IT Corridor — how far have we reached? The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kasabe, N. (23 December 2003). Lifetime Achievement Award 2003. Dataquest. Available at: http://dqindia.ciol.com/content/top_stories/103122303.asp.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kasthuri, K. (25 March 2008). "Government itself to blame for backlog of cases ", from http://www.indiatogether.org/2008/mar/gov-litigant.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ketteni, E., M. Theofanis, et al. (2006). The Effect of Information Technology and Human Capital on Economic Growth. Working Paper 03-07, Rimini:The Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis. http://www.rcfea.org/RePEc/pdf/wp03_07.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klenow, P. and A. Rodrguez-Clare (1997). Externalities and Growth. NBER Working Paper 11009. Cambridge, Massachusetts, NBER.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kluver (1995). "The Architecture of Control: A Chinese Strategy for E-Governance." Journal of Public Policy. 25(1): 75-97.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Knight, J. B. and R. H. Sabot (1990). Education, Productivity, and Inequality: The East African Natural Experiment. Cambridge, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kohli, A., Ed. (2001). Introduction. The Success of India`s Democracy. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kohli, A. (2004). State-Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialisation in the Global Periphery. Cambridge, New York, Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (10 April 2004). Speech by Dr N.M. Ghatate, Vice-Chairman, Law Commission of India. National Conference on "Reinventing Indian Legal System for Achieving Double Digit Economic Growth" FICCI. http://www.ficci.com/media-room/speeches-presentations/2004/apr/apr10-justice-ghatate.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Komiya, R. (1990). The Japanes Economy: Trade, Industry, and Government. Tokyo, University of Tokyo Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kortum, S. (1993). "Equilibrium R & D and the Patent - R & D Ratio: U.S. Evidence." American Economic Review 83( 2): 450 - 457.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kraemer, K. L. and J. Dedrick (2001). Creating a Computer Industry Giant: China’s Industrial Policies and Outcomes in the 1990s. Irvine, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, University of California.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kumar, S. and K. C. Garg (2005). "Scientometrics of computer science research in India and China." Scientometrics 64(2): 121 - 132.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) López, R., V. Thomas, et al. (1998). Addressing the Education Puzzle. Policy Research Working Paper 2031. Washington D.C., The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lakha, S. (1994). "The new international division of labour and the Indian Software Industry." Modern Asian Studies 28(2): 381-408.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lakshaman, T. R. and A. Elhance (1984). Impacts of infrastructure on economic development. Annual workshop of the Building Sector. Boston, MA.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lal, D. (1983). The Poverty of Development Economics. London, IEA Hobart Paper-back 16.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lall, S. (1992). "Technological Capabilities and Industrialization." World Development 20(2): 165 - 186.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lardy, N. R. (2002). Integrating China into the Global Economy. New York, London, Brookings Institution Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (10 September 2007). Poor Infrastructure Delays Supercomputer. The Wall Street Journal. http://livement.com/2007/09/09235613/Poor-infrastructure-delays-sup.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lavoie M. and P. Therrien (1999). Employment Effects of Computerization 1971 – 1991, Applied Research Branch, Strategic Policy. Human Resource Development Canada, Canada.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lazonick, W. (December 2004). "Indigenous innovation and economic development: Lessons from China`s leap into information age." Industry and Innovation.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lederman, D. and L. Saenz (2005). Innovation and Development around the World, 1960 – 2000. Policy Research Working Paper 3774. Washington D.C., The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Linux Devices (14 April 2005). ‘Whither, withering Simputer?’ Available at: http://www.linuxdevices.com/news/NS3539522586.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Low, L., Ed. (2004). Developmental States: Relevancy, Redundancy or Reconfiguration? New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lovelock, P., Clark, T.C. and Pettrazani, B.A. (1996) “The Golden Projects: China’s National Networking Intiative”, Information Infrastructure and Policy, 5(4): 265- 278.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lu, Q. (2000). China`s Leap into the Information Age: Innovation and Organization in the Computer Industry. Oxford, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lucas, R. E. (1988). "On the Mechanics of Economic Development." Journal of Monetary Economics 22: 3 - 42zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lucas, R. E. (1990). "Why doesn’t capital flow from rich to poor countries?" American Economic Review 80(2): 92 -96.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lynch C.G. (07 September 2007). Seven Wonders of the IT World. CIO.com. http://www.cio.com/article/135700/Seven_Wonders_of_the_IT_World/1.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (11 June 2004). Growth of China’s Supercomputer: Feature. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200406/11/eng20040611_146047.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Manor, J. (2001). Center-State relations. The Success of India`s Democracy. A. Kohli. New York, Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Masters, D. (1 February 2008). China’s 0.5 Billion mobile phone user-base keeps growing. The Telecom, http://www.thetelecom.co.uk/20080201/chinas-05-billion-mobile-phone-user-base-keeps-growing/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Meisner, M. (1977). Mao`s China: A history of the People`s Republic. New York, The Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Meng, X. (2000). Labor Market Reform in China. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Menon, V. (1994). India. Treading Different Paths: Informatization in Asian Nations. G. Wang. Norwood, New Jersey, Ablex Publishing Corporation: 52 - 67.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Meyer, J.-B. (2001). "Network Approach versus Brain Drain: Lessons from the Diaspora." International Migration 39(5): 91 - 110.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Midgal, J. (1986). Strong States and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World. Princeton, Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Murthy (October 2002). Western Values and Eastern Challenges. NRIOL. http://www.nriol.com/content/articles/article64.aspzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nagy, H., S. Boyson, et al. (1996). The East Asian Miracle and Information technology. Policy Research Working Paper 326. Washington D.C., The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NASSCOM. (2005). "NASSCOM - Mckinsey Report 2005." from http://www.nasscom.in/Nasscom/templates/NormalPage.aspx?id=2599.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (11 October 2008). India - China ink bilateral trade pact. Yahoo News. http://in.news.yahoo.com/139/20081011/808/tnl-india-china-ink-bilateral-trade-pact.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NASSCOM (2006). Strategic Review 2006. . Delhi, NASSCOM.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NASSCOM (2007 (a)). Indian IT Industry – Fact sheet. New Delhi, National Association for Software and Services Companies.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NASSCOM. (2007 (b)). "Indian IT Industry: NASSCOM Analysis ", from http://www.nasscom.in/upload/5216/Latest_IT_Industry_Factsheet_Aug_07.doc. .zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) NASSCOM (2007 (c)). Indian IT Industry - NASSCOM Analysis 2007, http://www.nasscom.in/upload/5216/Latest_IT_Industry_Factsheet_Aug_07.doc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Naughton, B. (1996). Growing out of the Plan: Chinese Economic Reform, 1978 - 1993. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nelson, R. and E. Phelps (1966). "Investment in humans, technological diffusion, and economic growth." American Economic Review 51(2): 69-75.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nelson, R. R. (1984). High Technology Policies: A Five-Nation Comparison. Washing ton and London, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) National Innovation Foundation (16 July 1999). ‘Resurgence of Innovative India: The Challenge and the Strategy.’ Sir Purushotamdas Thakurdas Memorial Lecture,1999. Available at: http://www.nif.org.in/Resurgence_of_Innovative_India.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (Noronha 30 January 2007). Simputer Project Struggling to Stay Afloat. Boloji.com http://news.boloji.com/200701/01217.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) North, D. C. (1981). Structure and Change in Economic Thought. New York and London, W.W. Norton & Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (13 February 2007). India’s fastest supercomputer on its way. Silicon India. http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/35003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) OECD (1987). Structural Adjustment and Economic Performance. Paris, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) OECD (August/September 1998). Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 1998. Paris, OECD.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Oi, J. C. (December, 1995). "The Role of the Local State in China`s Transitional Economy." The China Quarterly 144: 1132-1149zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parayil, G., Ed. (2006). Political Economy and Information Capitalism in India: Digital Divide, Development and Equity. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parikh, K. and S. Yasmeen. (2004). "Groundswell for mid-day mean scheme." from http://www.indiatogether.org/2004/jan/pov-midmeal.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parmani, N. and T. K. Bandhyopadhyay (1 February 2008). Collaborative Research in India: Academic Institution v/s Industry, SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1101984.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parthasarathy, B. (2004). "Globalizing Information Technology: The Domestic Policy Context for India’s Software Production and Exports." Iterations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Software History 3.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Parthsarathy, A. (23 June 2005). ‘India-made supercomputers out of global ‘Top 500’.’ The Hindu. Available at: http://www.thehindu.com/2005/06/23/stories/2005062302661300.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) __________. (8 July 2006). ‘Has India opted out of the supercomputing race?’ The Hindu. Available at: http://www.thehindu.com/2006/07/08/stories/2006/070803131300.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pei, M. (2006). China`s Trapped Transition: The Limits of Developmental Autocracy. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (13 March 2008). India Lags China in R&D spending: Sibal. The Financial Express. http://www.financialexpress.com/news/India-lags-China-in-R&D-spending-Sibal/283583/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Phadnis, C. (15 January 2003). ‘And Miles to Go.’ The Hindu Business Line. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ew/2003/01/15/stories/2003011500090100.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pingle, V. (1999). Rethinking the Developmental State: India`s Industry in Comparative Perspective. New York, St. Martin`s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Popkin, J. M. and P. Iyengar (2007). IT and the East - How China and India are altering the future of technology and Innovation. Boston, Harvard Business school Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ragin, C. C. (1987). Case-Oriented Comparative Methods. The comparative Method. Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press: 34-53.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramachandran, K. ( 07 August 2006). Is our education system outdated? The Hindu, http://www.hindu.com/edu/2006/08/07/stories/2006080705010100.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramakrishnan, N. (23 February 2005). Partnership pact signed to develop Chennai IT corridor The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ramesh, B. S. (27 June 2007). Schools yet to come to grips with court order. The Hindu. Chennai http://www.hindu.com/2007/06/27stories/2007062752870400.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rasiah, R. (Spring/Summer 2007). "Export Orientation and Technological Intensities in Auto Parts Firms in East and Southeast Asia: Does Ownership Matter?" Asian Economic Papers 6(2): 55-76.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reinganum, J. F. (1984). "Practical Implications of Game Theoretic Models of R & D." American Economic Review 74(2): 61 - 66.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Reinganum, J. F., Ed. (1989). The Timing of Innovation: Research, Development and Diffusion Handbook of Industrial Organization. New York, North Holland.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (14 June 2007 ). Northern States lead in IT Sector. The Tribune, http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070615/haryana.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Revenga, A. and M.Riboud (1993). Unemployment in Mexico - Its Characteristics and Determinants. Policy Research Working Paper 1230. P. R. Department. Washington D.C., The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Romer, P. M. (1990). "Endogenous technical change." Journal of Political Economy 98: 71 - 102.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Rosenberg (2002). Cloning Silicon Valley: The Next Generation High-Tech Hotspots. London, Reuters/Pearson Education.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Saich, T. (2001). Governance and Politics of China. Hampshire and New York, Palgrave.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) SAMSS (2007, November). ‘2007 China Top 100 List of High Performance Computer. The Specialty Association of Mathematical & Scientific Software, CSIA. Available at: http://www.samss.org.cn/2007-China-HPC-TOP100-20071110-end.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Schware, R. (1992). "Software Industry Entry Strategies for Developing Countries: A "Walking on Two Legs" Proposition." World Development 20(2): 143-164zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Segal, A. (2003). Digital Dragon: High Technology Enterprises in China. Ithaca and London, Cornell University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sen, P. (1994). "Software exports from India: A Systemic Analysis." Electronics Information and Planning 22(2): 55-63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shah, A. (1992). "Dynamics of Public Infrastructure, Industrial Productivity and Profitability." Review of Economics and Statistics 74(28 - 36).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shaun, B. G. (December, 1996). "China: developmental state or dysfunctional development?" Third World Quarterly 17(4): 689-706.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (14 March 2006). Investment into China records 8% high. People`s Daily Online, http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200603/14/eng20060314_250433.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shin, J.-S. and Y.-P. Chu (2006). Three Paths for Hig-Technology Catch-Up: Singapore, Korea and Taiwan. The East Asian Hig-Tech Drive. Y.-P. Chu and H. Hill. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Siebert, H. (2007). "China: Coming to Grips with the New Global Player." The World Economy 30(6): 893 - 922.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singh, M. (14 August 2005). Centre and the states – A New Compact. The Indian Express. http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/columnists/full_column.php?content_id=76226.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singh, Z. (2003). "Siting of Technology Organizations." from http://www.american.edu/initeb/zs2946a/siting.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singhal, A. and E. M.Rogers (2001). India`s Communication Revolution: from bullock carts to cyber marts. New Delhi, Sage Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Singhal, A. and E. M. Rogers (1989). India`s Information Revolution. New Delhi, Sage Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) So, W.Y. Bennis (December 2005). "The Transition of the State-Business elationship in China: A Case Study of the Private Software Industry in Beijing." Issues & Studies 41 (4): 175 - 207.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Solow, R. (2001). "Applying Growth Theory across Countries." The World Bank Economic Review 15(2): 283 - 88.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Spary, C. and A. Wyatt (2006). "The General Election in India." Electoral Studies 25(2): 398 – 404.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Sridharan, E. (1996). The Political Economy of Industrial Promotion: Indian, Brazilian and Korean Electronics in Comparative Perspective, 1969 -1994. Westport, Praeger.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (15 August 2005). China’s Legal System in Transition. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200508/15/eng20050815_202556.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Srivats, K.R. (06 September 2007). China’s new corpoarte tax code to spur foreign investments. The Hindu Business Line. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/09/06/stories/2007090652880100.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (Sterling, 9 December 2001). The Year in Ideas A to Z; Simputer. The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9505E4DD143CF93AA35751C1A9679C8B63zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Straub, Stephane, 2008. "Infrastructure and growth in developing countries : recent advances and research challenges," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4460, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stress, R. E. (1996). The Microsoft Way. Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Subramanian, C. (1993). Hand of Destiny: The Turning Point. Bombay, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Subramanian, C. R. (1992). India and the Computer: A Study of Planned Development. New Delhi, Bombay, Oxford, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Subramanian, R. (2006). "India and Information Technology: A Historical & Critical Perspective." Journal of Global Information Technology Management 9(4).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tendulkar, S. D. (2003). Organised Labor Market in Pre and Post Reform. New Delhi, Delhi School of Economics.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Top500.org (n.d.). The site produces the list of top 500 sites using supercomputers. http://www.top500.org/system/8968.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tschang, T. and L. Xue (2005). The Chinese Software Industry. From Underdogs to Tigers: The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland, and Israel. A. Arora and A. Gambardella. New York, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (18 July 1997). India’s latest supercomputer ready for global market. Rediff News. http://ia.rediff.com/computer/jul/08c-dac.htmzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UN (2008). UN E-Government Survey 2008. New York, United Nations.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNCTAD (2000). Tax Incentives and Foreign Direct Investment: A Global Survey. Geneva, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNDP (2001). Human Development Report: Making new technologies work for human development. New York, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNIDO (2003). Industrial Development Report 2002 - 2003: Competing through innovation and learning. Vienna, UNIDO.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNIDO. (n.d.). "Investment and Technology Promotion Overview. ." from http://www.unido.org/index.php?id=o5067.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) UNU (1994). The uncertain quest: science, technology, and development. Tokyo, United Nations University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Varshney, L. R. (29 November 2006). Private Engineering Education in India: Market Failures and Regulatory Solutions. Massachusetts, Science, Technology, and Public Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vijverberg, W. P. M., Ed. (1999). The impact of schooling and cognitive skills on income from non-farm self-employment. The economic of school quality investments in developing countries: An empirical study of Ghana New York, St Martin’s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Vittal, N. and S. Mahalingam (2001). Information Technology: India`s Tommorow. New Delhi, Manas Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wade, R. (1990). Governing the Market: Economic theory and The Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization. Princeton, Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (19 June 2006). "China’s Amazing SEZs." Project Monitor, from http://www.projectsmonitor.com/detailnews.asp?newsid=11583.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wadhwa, V. (13 December 2005). About the Engineering Gap. Business Week, http://www.businessweek.com/smallbiz/content/dec2005/sb20051212_623922.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Walsh, K. A. (2005). China’s High-Technology Development. Palo Alto, US-CHINA ECONOMIC & SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, J. C. F. (2002). Contemporary Chinese Politics: An Introduction. New Jersey, Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wang, Y.-F. (1991). China`s Science and Technology Policy. Department of Political Science. University of Stockholm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) WEF (2008). The global competitiveness report 2007 - 2008. . New York, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Welch, F. (1970). "Education in production." Journal of Political Economy 78(1): 35 - 59.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wheeler, D. and A. Mody (1992). "International investment location decisions: the case of US firms." Journal of International Economics 33(57-76).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) White, G., Ed. (1988). Developmental States in East Asia. New York, St. Martin`s Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) White, G. and R. Wade (1988). Developmental States and Markets in East Asia: an Introduction. Developmental States in East Asia. G. White. New York, St. Martin`s Press: 1-27.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) WITSA (2006). Digital Planet 2006. . New York, Global Insight Inc, http://www.witsa.org/digitalplantet/2006/Final_0426.pdf.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (19 June 2006). India: Why Apple Walked Away. Business Week: 48.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wong, J., and Kong W.C., "China`s Software Industry: Moving on the Fast Track", Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies 2(1): 73 - 95.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wood, A. (1994). North – South Trade, Employment, and Inequality: Changing Fortunes in a Skill Driven World. Oxford, Clarendon Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) World Bank (1994). World Development Report. Washington D.C., The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) World Bank (1997) World Development Report 1997: The State in a Changing World. Washington D.C.: The World Bank, 33.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Xia, M. (2000). The Dual Development State: Developmental Strategy and Institutional Arrangements for China`s Transition. Aldershot, Hants, Ashgate.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yeo, E. (Apr - Jun 1999). "Technological Capabilities of Our Defence Industries." Pointer : Jounral of Singapore Armed Forces 25(2).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zhang M. (2002). "Information Technology Policy Making in the People`s Republic of China". International Journal of Public Administration 25(5): 693-721zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zhong, W. (31 October 2007). China’s latest SEZ is banking on harmony. Asia Times Online, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/IJ31Cb02.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (20 October 2006). National Knowledge Commission Recommendations on Language. New Delhi, National Knowledge Commission, http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in/recommendations/language.aspzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (20 November 2003). China’s DeepComp 6800 world’s 14th fastest supercomputer. People`s Daily Online. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200311/19/eng20031119_128576.shtml.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (21 August 2007 (b)). Tracing China’s IT Software Services Industry Evolution. New Delhi, NASSCOM.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (21 June 2005). Language panel fumes at English medium move Times of India, http://timesofindia.indiatmes.com/articleshow/1148014.cms.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (21 November 2007). March deadline set for IT corridor project The Hindu. Chennai, The Hindu Group of Publications, http://www.hinduonnet.com/2007/11/21/stories/2007112158460100.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (22 July 2005). China begins preliminary research on 1000 teraflops computer. People`s Daily Online. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200507/22/eng20050722_197777.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (23 May 2007). Nearly 30 million cases pending in courts. Hindustan Times. New Delhi, http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=a17d40c0-fe81-4c21-a38c-7596eb833742&ParentID=c9909b9d-e5c0-4333-84d2-aff7f649a5c2&MatchID1=4617&TeamID1=3&TeamID2=4&MatchType1=1&SeriesID1=1163&PrimaryID=4617&Headline=Nearly+30+million+cases+pending+in+courts.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (23 October 2003). Indian makes low-cost supercomp. Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/248503.cms.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (24 February 2008). Caught in the middle. Business India: 50 - 78.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (24 January 2008). India Adds More New Connections Than China in 2007. Cellular News http://www.cellular-news.com/story/28809.php.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (25 September 2006). " I am not against SEZs: Chidambaram." from http://www.rediff.com/money/2006/sep/25inter.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (27 April 2008). US Puts India on Priority Watch List. The Financial Express. http://www.financialexpress.com/news/US-puts-India-on-priority-watch-list/302153/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (27 July 2002). Vocational Education crucial to China’s Social Development. People’s Daily. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200207/27/eng20020727_100441.shtmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (29 March 2004). Simputer for poor goes on sale’ BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3578309.stm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (29 September 2001). "China to Pour 1 trillion yuan in IT industry." People`s Daily Online, Beijing, http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200109/29/print20010929_81402.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (29 October 2007). "India needs Dollars 500 billion for infrastructure projects." from http://www.igovernment.in/site/india-needs-500-billion-for-infrastructure-projects/.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (1998). "National Task Force for IT and Software Development ", from http://it-taskforce.nic.in/index.html.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) ( 2001 – 2002). Demand for Grants. Department of Information Technology. http://164.100.47.133/ls/committeeR/Communication/24.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2003). Working of National Informatics Centre. Fifty Sixth Report of the Standing Committee on Information Technology. New Delhi, Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.133/ls/committeeR/Communication/56.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2004 - 2005). Demand for Grants. First Report of the Standing Committee on Information Technology. on Information Technology. New Delhi, Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/1info.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2005). "Software Technology Parks of India: Information Handbook under the Right to Information Act 2005." from http://www.stpi.in/RTI/NRTI2005.pdf.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2005-2006). Statistical Yearbook, Electronics and Computer Software Export Promotion Council (ESC), http://www.escindia.in/export_statistics.pdf.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2005 – 2006 (a)). Demands for Grants (2005-06) relating to the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (Department of Information Technology). http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/15rep.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2007). China Science and Technology Statistics Data book 2007, P.R.C: Ministry of Science and Technology, http://www.most.gov.cn/eng/statistics/2007/200801/P020080109573867344872.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2007). Doing Business, World Bank, http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (2008 - 2009). Demands of Grants. Standing Committee on Information Technology . New Delhu, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology, Government of India. http://164.100.47.132/committeereports/Information%20Technology/REP-INFORM-58E-PUB.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2005-2006 Annual Report 2005-2006 New Delhi, Controller General of Patents, Designs, Trade Marks and Registrar of Geographical Indications. http://ipindia.nic.in/cgpdtm/AnnualReport_2005_2006.pdf.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Acemoglu, D. and F. Zillibotti (2001). "Productivity Differences." Quarterly Journal of Economics. 116(2): 563 - 606.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aghion, P. and P. Howitt (1998). Endogenous Growth Theory. Cambridge, Massachusetts, The MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alderman H., J. R. Behrman, et al. (1996). "The returns to endogenous human capital in Pakistan’s rural wage labor market " Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 58(29-55).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Almeida, R. and P. Carneiro (2006). The Return to Firm Investment in Human Capital Policy Research Working Paper 3851. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Angrist , J.D. and V. Lavy (1997). " The effect of a change in language of instruction on the returns to schooling in Morocco." Journal of Labor Economics 15(48-76).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Antle, J. (1983). "Infrastructure and aggregate agricultural productivity: International evidence " Economic Development and Cultural Change 31(3).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Archibugi, D. and A. Coco (2004). "A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo)." World Development 32(4): 629 -654.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arora, A. and A. Gambardella, Eds. (2005). From Underdogs to Tigers: The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel. Oxford, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Arun, K. (27 April 2007). One for the Road. The New Indian Express. Chennai, Indian Express, http://www.newindpress.com/sunday/sundayitems.asp?id=SEG20070427083137&eTitle=Insight&rLink=0.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aschauer, D. (1989). "Is Public Expenditure Productive? ." Journal of Monetary Economics 23(171-200).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Athreye, S. S. (2005). The Indian Software Industry. From underdogs to Tigers: The rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel. A. Arora and A. Gambardella. New York, Oxford University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Autor, D. H., L. F. Katz, et al. (1997). Computing inequality: Have computers changed the labor market? NBER Working Paper No. 5956. Cambridge MA, NBER.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bagchi, S. (January, 1985). The First Computer Comes to India. Dataquest. New Delhi, Cyber Media.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barro, R. J. (1991). "Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries." Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (1): 407 - 443.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Barro, R. J. (1996). Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study. NBER Working Paper no. 5698, National Bureau of Economic Researchzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Behrman, J. (1990). The action of human resources and poverty on one another. LSMS Paper No. 74. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Behrman, J. R., D. Ross, et al. (2008). "Improving quality versus increasing the quantity of schooling: Estimates of rates of return from rural Pakistan." Journal of Development Economics 85(1-2): 94 - 104.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Benhabib, J. and M. M. Spiegel (1994). "The role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence from Aggregate Cross-Country Data." Journal of Monetary Economics 34(143-173).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bharathi, P. (2005). India`s IT Services Industry: A Comparative Analysis. Computer, IEEE Computer Society. 38: 5.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bhaskerrao, B. (10 March 2004). "Ayyagari Sambasiva Rao." Current Science 86(5).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Boissiere, M. X., J. B. Knight, et al. (1985). "Earnings, schooling, ability, and cognitive skills." American Economic review 75(5): 1016 - 1030.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bosch, M., D. Lederman, et al. (2005). Patenting and Research and Development: A Global View Policy Research Working Paper 3739. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brunner, H.-P. (1991). "Building Technological Capacity: A Case Study of the Computer Industry in India, 1975 - 87." World Development 19(12): 1737-1751.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cai, K. G. (2008). The Political Economy of East Asia: Regional and National Dimensions. Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Calderón, C. and L. Servén (2005). The Effects of Infrastructure Development on Growth and Income Distribution.’ Policy Research Working Paper 3400. Washington DC, The World Bank.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chan, N. (2003). "Land Acquisition Compensation in China – Problems & Answers." International Real Estate Review 6(1): 136 - 152.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chandrasekhar, C. P. (2006). The Political Economy of IT-driven Outsourcing. Political Economy and Information Capitalism in India: Digital Divide, Development and Equity. G. Parayil. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chandrasekhar, C. P. and J. Ghosh (27 November 2007). SEZs in India: The Record so far. The Hindu Business Line, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/11/27/stories/2007112750070900.htm.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chatterjee, S. (03 September 2007). China has potential for IT Growth, but lags behind India: NASSCOM. International Business Times http://in.ibtimes.com/articles/20070903/china-lags-behind-india-in-itsays-nasscom_all.htm. .zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chaze, A. (2006). India: An Investor`s Guide to the Next Economic Superpower. New Delhi, John Wiley & Sons.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chen, C.-H. and H.-T. Shih (2005). High-Tech Industries in China. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cheung, T. M. (June, 1996). "Guarding China`s Domestic Front Line: The People`s Armed Police and China`s Stability." The China Quarterly(146): 525 - 547.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chibber, V. (2006). Locked in Place: State building and late industrialization in India. Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chu, Y.-P. and H. Hill, Eds. (2006). The East Asian High-Tech Drive. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chun, H. (2003). "Information Technology and demand for the educated workers: Disentangling the impacts of adoption versus use." Review of Economic and Statistics 83(1): 1-8.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cline, W. (1982). Reciprocity - A new approach to world trade policy? Washington D.C., Institute for International Economics.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Commander, S. (2005). The Software Industry in Emerging Markets. London, Edward Elgar.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Connors, M. (1993). The Race to the Intelligent State: Towards the Global Information Economy of 2005. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Blackwell Business.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) D`Costa, A. P. (2003). "Uneven and Combined Development: Understanding Indias Software Exports." World Development 31( 1): 211-226.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) D`Costa, A. P. (2004). The Indian Software Industry in the Global Division of Labour. India in the Global Software Industry: Innovation, Firm Strategies and Development. A. P. D`Costa and E. Sridharan. Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan: 1 - 26.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) D`Costa, A. P. and E.Sridharan, Eds. (2004). India in the Global Software Industry: Innovation, Firm strategies and Development. New York, Palgrave Macmillan.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dedrick, J. (May, 2003). Enter the Dragon: China and the Global Computer Industry. The Global IT Industry: The Future of China and India, Moffett Field,CA, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (CRITO) and UCSC Regional Centerzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dedrick, J. and K. L. Kraemer (May, 1993). "Information Technology in India: The Quest for Self-Reliance." Asian Survey 33(5): 463-492.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dickinson, S. (29 November 2007) Debunking Myths about China’s Legal System. China Economic Review. http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/nov2007/gb20071129_851610.htm?chan=top+news+index_global+businesszh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dickson, B. J. (Winter, 2000-2001). "Cooptation and Corporatism in China: The Logic of Party Adaptation." Political Science Quarterly 115(4): 517-540.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dossani, R. (September 2005) Origins and Growth of the Software Industry in India. Volume, DOI:zh_TW